Iyo umuntu asoma igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, gukora k’Umwuka Wera kugaragara kuri buri rupapuro. Ukuyemo gukora k’Umwuka Wera mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa nta cyo uba usigaranye. Ni ukuri koko, yahaye abigishwa ba mbere “kubika ibihugu byose” (reba Ibyakozwe 17:6).

Ahantu Itorero rikura cyane ryihuse muri iki gihe ni aho abayoboke ba Yesu bashishikariye kuyoborwa n’Umwuka Wera kandi bagahabwa imbaraga na We. Ibyo ntibigomba kudutungura. Umwuka Wera ashobora gukora mu masegonda icumi ibyo twe dushobora kuzakora mu myaka ibihumbi icumi tugendeye ku mbaraga zacu gusa. Nuko rero ni ibyangombwa cyane ko umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu kuba abigishwa asobanukirwa icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku murimo w’Umwuka Wera mu bugingo bw’abizera no mu mirimo yabo.

Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa, dukunda kubona aho abizera babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera maze bagahabwa imbaraga zo gukora umurimo w’Imana. Twaba tubaye abanyabwenge twize kuri icyo kintu kugira ngo bishobotse, natwe duhabwe icyo bahawe kandi tunezererwe ubufasha butangaje buva ku Mwuka Wera na bo babonye. Nubwo bamwe bavuga ko iyo mirimo itangaje y’Umwuka Wera yarangiranye n’igihe cy’intumwa, nta cyanditswe na kimwe, cyangwa ikindi kintu cyaba gishingiye ku mateka cyangwa ku bitekerezo bisobanutse neza, gishyigikira iyo myumvire. Ni imyumvire ikomoka ku kutizera. Abizera ibyo amasezerano y’Ijambo ry’Imana bazahabwa imigisha yasezeranijwe. Nk’uko byagenze ku Bayisirayeli batizera batashoboye kwinjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, ni na ko abatizera amasezerano y’Imana muri iki gihe batazashobora kwinjira mu byo Imana yabateguriye byose. Uri mu ruhe ruhande wowe? Jye ndi mu bizera.

Imirimo Ibiri y’Umwuka Wera

(Two Works by the Holy Spirit)

Buri muntu wese wizeye koko Umwami Yesu yahuye no gukora k’Umwuka Wera mu bugingo bwe. Umuntu we w’imbere, cyangwa umwuka we, yahinduwe mushya n’Umwuka Wera (reba Tito 3:5), kandi Umwuka Wera uba muri we (reba Rom. 8:9; 1 Kor. 6:19). “Yabyawe n’Umwuka” (Yohana 3:5).

Abakristo benshi b’abapantekoti n’abamera impano z’Umwuka, kubera kudasobanukirwa ibi bintu neza, bagiye bakora amakosa yo kubwira abizera bamwe ko badafite Umwuka Wera ngo kuko batabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera kandi ngo bavuge mu ndimi. Ariko ayo ni amakosa agaragara dushingiye ku Byanditswe Byera no ku nararibonye. Abakristo benshi batari abapantekoti cyangwa abagendera ku mpano z’Umwuka bagaragaraho ibimenyetso cyane by’uko bafite Umwuka Wera utuye muri bo kurusha abagendera ku mpano n’abapantekoti bamwe! Bagaragaza imbuto z’Umwuka Pawulo yavuze mu Bagalatiya 5:22-23 ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibintu bidashoboka udafite Umwuka Wera ugutuyemo.

Nyamara kandi kuba gusa umuntu yarabyawe n’Umwuka, ntabwo bivuga ko yanabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera. Dushingiye kuri Bibiliya, kubyarwa n’Umwuka Wera no kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ubusanzwe ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye.

Dutangira iri somo reka tubanze turebe icyo Yesu yigeze kuvuga ku Mwuka Wera abwira umugore udakijijwe ku iriba ry’i Samariya:

Yesu aramusubiza ati, “Iyo uba wari uzi impano y’Imana ukamenya n’ugusabye amazi uwo ari we, nawe uba umusabye na we akaguha amazi y’ubugingo….Umuntu wese unywa aya mazi[yo muri iryo riba ry’i Samariya] azongera kugira inyota, ariko unywa amazi nzamuha ntazongera kugira inyota rwose iteka ryose, ahubwo amazi nzamuha azamuhindukiramo isoko y’amazi adudubiza kugeza mu bugingo buhoraho (Yohana 4:10, 13-14).

Umuntu ashyize mu gaciro yakwanzura avuga ko ayo mazi y’ubugingo aba mu muntu Yesu yavugaga asobanura Umwuka Wera utura mu mitima y’abizera. Nyuma mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana na none, Yesu yongeye gukoresha iryo jambo, , “amazi y’ubugingo,” kandi nta gushidikanya ko yavugaga Umwuka Wera:

Nuko ku munsi uheruka w’iyo minsi mikuru, ari wo munsi uruta iyindi, Yesu arahagarara avuga cyane ati, “Umuntu nagira inyota aze aho ndi anywe. Unyizera, imigezi y’amazi y’ubugingio izatemba ‘iva mu nda ye, nk’uko Ibyanditswe bivuga.'” Ibyo yabivuze yerekeje ku Mwuka Wera, uwo abamwizera bendaga guhabwa, ariko ubwo Umwuka yari ataraza kuko Yesu yari atarahabwa ubwiza bwe (Yohana 7:37-39).

Aha ntabwo yavuze amazi y’ubugingo ahinduka “iriba ry’amazi adudubiza kugeza iteka ryose.” Ahubwo hano ya mazi y’ubugingo ahinduka imigezi itemba iva imbere mu wayanyoye.

Ibi bice bibiri bias mu butumwa bwiza bwa Yohana bigaragaza mu buryo bwiza cyane itandukaniro riri hagati yo kubyarwa n’Umwuka no kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera. Kubyarwa n’Umwuka mbere na mbere ni ku nyungu z’uwo uvuka ubwa kabiri, kugira ngo abone ubugingo buhoraho. Iyo umuntu abyawe ubwa kabiri n’Umwuka aba abonye iriba ry’Umwuka muri we rimuha ubugingo buhoraho.

Nyamara kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera byo, cyane cyane ni ku nyungu z’abandi, kuko biha abizera ubushobozi bwo gufasha abandi bantu mu mbaraga z’Umwuka. “Imigezi y’amazi y’ubugingo” izatemba ibavamo izane imigisha y’Imana ku bandi bantu mu mbaraga z’Umwuka.

Kuki Kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera bikenewe

(Why the Baptism in the Holy Spirit is Needed)

Mbega ukuntu dukeneye cyane ubufasha bw’Umwuka Wera ngo dushobore gukora umurimo w’Imana mu bandi bantu! Hatabonetse ubufasha b’Umwuka nta byiringiro twakwigera tugira byo guhindura abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa. Mu by’ukuri iyo ni yo mpamvu yatumye Yesu asezeranya abigishwa kuzababatiza mu Mwuka Wera–kugira ngo isi yumve ubutumwa bwiza. Yabwiye abigishwa be ati:

Kandi dore ngiye kuboherereza ibyo Data yasezeranye, ariko mugume mu murwa kugeza ubwo muzambikwa imbaraga” (Luka 24:49).

Luka na none yanditse ibyo Yesu yavuze ati:

Si ibyanyu kumenya iby’iminsi cyangwa ibihe Data yagennye, ni ubutware bwe wenyine. Icyakora muzahabwa imbaraga Umwuka Wera nabamanukira, kandi muzaba abagabo bo kumpamya uhereye i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya yose n’i Samariya, no kugeza ku mpera y’isi (Ibyak 1:7-8).

Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be kutava I Yerusalemu kugeza ubwo “bazambikwa imbaraga zivuye mu ijuru.” Yari azi ko bitabaye bityo nta mbaraga bashobora kugira, bakazananirwa nta kabuza, umurimo yari abasigiye. Tubona ko nyamara igihe bari bamaze kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera, Imana yatangiye kubakoresha mu buryo bw’ibitangaza mu gukwiza ubutumwa.

Miliyoni nyinshi z’Abakristo mu isi yose, nyuma yo kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera, bageze ku rundi rwego rw’imbaraga, by’umwihariko mu kubwiriza abadakijijwe. Bagiye babona ko noneho amagambo yabo yemeza abantu kurushaho, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bagasanga bakoresheje n’Ibyanditswe batari bazi ko bazi. Bamwe bagiye bimenyaho ko bahamagawe kandi ko bafite impano zo gukora umurimo wihariye runaka, nk’ivugabutumwa. Abandi bagasanga Imana ibakoresha uko ishatse mu mpano z’Umwuka zitandukanye z’indengakamere. Kandi ibyababayeho Bibiliya ibitangira ubuhamya cyane. Abarwanya ibyo byababayeho nta cyanditswe na kimwe bashingiraho muri Bibiliya. Mu by’ukuri ni Imana barwanya.

Ntibikwiye kudutangaza ko twebwe abahamagariwe kwigana Kristo twanahamagariwe kubana n’Umwuka Wera nk’uko babanaga. Birumvikana ko yabyawe n’Umwuka Wera igihe yasamwaga mu nda ya Mariya (reba Mat. 1:20). Uwari wabyawe n’Umwuka rero nyuma yaje kubatizwa mu Mwuka mbere y’uko atangira umurimo we (reba Mat 3:16). Niba Yesu yari akeneye kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera kugira ngo yambare imbaraga zo gukora umurimo, twebwe tubikeneye bingana iki kurushaho?

Ikimenyetso cya mbere cyo Kubatizwa mu Mwuka

(The Initial Evidence of the Baptism in the Spirit)

Iyo uwizera abatijwe mu Mwuka Wera, ikimenyetso cya mbere cyerekana ko yabatijwe ni uko azavuga urundi rurimi rushya, urwo Bibiliya yita “indimi nshya” cyangwa “izindi ndimi.” Hari ibyanditswe byinshi byemeza ibi. Reka tubirebe.

Ubwa mbere, mu bihe bye bya nyuma hano mu isi mbere y’uko azamuka asubira mu mu ijuru, Yesu yavuze ko kimwe mu bimenyetso bizakurikira abizera ari uko bazavuga mu ndimi nshya:

Mujye mu bihugu byose, mwigishe abaremwe bose ubutumwa bwiza. Uwizera akabatizwa azakizwa, ariko utizera azacirwaho iteka. Kandi ibimenyetso bizagumana n’abizera ngibi: bazirukana abadayimoni mu Izina ryanjye, bazavuga indimi nshya (Mariko 16:15-17).

Abasobanuzi bamwe ba Bibiliya bavuga ko iyi mirongo itari ikwiye kuba iri muri Bibiliya zacu kuko ngo mu mizingo imwe ya kera y’ibitabo by’Isezerano rishya ngo iyo mirongo itarimo. Nyamara mu yindi mizingo myinshi ya kera, iyo mirongo irimo, kandi nta gitabo na kimwe mu byasobanuwe mu cyongereza nasomye kidashyiramo iyo mirongo. Ikirenze kuri ibyo kandi, ibyo Yesu yavuze muri iyi mirongo bihuza neza cyane n’ibyabaga mu itorero rya mbere ry’intumwa nk’uko byanditswe mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa.

Hari ingero eshanu mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa aho abizera babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera bwa mbere. Reka tuzirebe uko ari eshanu, kandi uko tugenda tuzireba ni ko tugenda tubaza ibibazo bibiri: (1) Mbese uku kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera byari bikurikiranye no kwakira agakiza? hanyuma (2) Mbese ababatijwe mu Mwuka bavuze mu ndimi nshya? Ibi biradufasha kumenya ubushake bw’Imana ku bizera muri iki gihe.

Yerusalemu

(Jerusalem)

Urugero rwa mbere ruri mu Ibyak. 2, aho ba bigishwa ijana na makumyabiri babatizwaga mu Mwuka Wera ku munsi wa Pentekote:

Umunsi wa Pentekote usohoye, bose bari bari hamwe mu mwanya umwe bahuje umutima. Nuko umuriri ubatungura uvuye mu ijuru umeze nk’uw’umuyaga uhuha cyane, ukwira inzu bari bicayemo. Haboneka indimi zīgabanije zisa n’umuriro, ururimi rujya ku muntu wese wo muri bo. Bose buzuzwa Umwuka Wera, batangira kuvuga izindi ndimi nk’uko Umwuka yabahaye kuzivuga (Ibyak. 2:1-4).

Nta gushidikanya ko mbere y’iki gihe abo bizera uko ari ijana na makumyabiri bari barakijijwe kandi baravutse ubwa kabiri, nuko rero babatijwe mu Mwuka Wera nyuma yo gukizwa. Ariko ntibyari gushoboka ko babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera mbere ya kiriya gihe, bitewe n’uko gusa mbere y’uriya munsi Umwuka Wera yari ataratangwa mu Itorero.

Biragaragara ko ikimenyetso kibakurikiye cyabaye icyo kuvuga izindi ndimi.

Samariya

(Samaria)

Urugero rwa kabiri rw’aho abizera babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ruri mu Ibyak. 8, igihe Filipo yajyaga mu mudugudu w’i Samariya akahabwiriza ubutumwa:

Ariko bamaze[Abasamariya] kwizera ubutumwa bwiza Filipo ababwira bw’ubwami bw’Imana n’ubw’izina rya Yesu Kristo, barabatizwa, abagabo n’abagore ….Nuko intumwa zari i Yerusalemu zimaze kumva ko Abasamariya bumviye Ijambo ry’Imana, zibatumaho Petero na Yohana, na bo basohoyeyo barabasabira ngo bahabwe Umwuka Wera, kuko hari hataragira n’umwe wo muri bo amanukira, ahubwo bari barabatijwe gusa mu izina ry’Umwami Yesu (Ibyak 8:12-16).

Biragaragara neza ko Abakristo b’Abasamariya babatijwe mu Mwuka Wera nyuma yo gukizwa. Bibiliya ivuga yeruye ko mbere y’uko Petero na Yohana bagerayo, Abasamariya bari baramaze “kwemera Ijambo ry’Imana,” barizeye ubutumwa bwiza, kandi barabatijwe mu mazi. Nyamara Petero na Yohana baje kubasengera, Ibyanditswe bivuga ko kwari ukugira ngo “bahabwe Umwuka Wera.” Byasobanuka neza birenze aha bite?

Mbese abizera b’Abasamariya babatijwe mu Mwuka Wera bavuze indimi nshya? Bibiliya ntibivuga, ariko ivuga ko hari ikintu cy’igitangaza cyababayeho. Igihe umugabo witwaga Simoni ibiba ku Bakristo b’Abasamariya uko Petero na Yohana babarambikagaho ibiganza, yagerageje kugira ngo agure na bo ubwo bushobozi bafite bwo gutanga Umwuka Wera:

Nuko babarambikaho ibiganza, bahabwa Umwuka Wera. Ariko Simoni abonye yuko abarambitsweho ibiganza by’intumwa bahabwa Umwuka Wera, azizanira ifeza arazibwira ati, “Nanjye nimumpe ubwo bubasha ngo uwo nzarambikaho ibiganza ahabwe Umwuka Wera” (Ibyak 8:17-19).

Simoni yari abonye iki cyamukozeho bigeze aho? Yari yaramaze kubona ibitangaza bindi bitari bicye, nko kubona aho birukana abadayimoni, abanyunyutse n’abamugaye bakira mu buryo bw’ibitangaza (reba Ibyak 8:6-7). Na we ubwe yajyaga akora ibintu bya maji by’ibitangaza by’ubupfumu, atangaza abatuye i Samariya bose (reba Ibyak 8:9-10). Niba ari uko bimeze, ibyo yabonye igihe Petero na Yohana basengaga bigomba kuba byari ibintu bitangaje cyane. Nubwo tutavuga tubyemeza neza, ariko umuntu yaba ashyize mu gaciro atekereje ko ibyo yabonye ari nk’ibyajyaga biba n’ubundi ikindi gihe cyose Abakristo buzuzwaga Umwuka Wera mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa–yababonye kandi anabumva bavuga mu zindi ndimi.

Sawuli i Damasiko

(Saul in Damascus)

Aha gatatu mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa havugwa umuntu yuzuzwa Umwuka Wera ni ibya Sawuli w’i Taruso, waje kumenyekana nyuma nk’intumwa Pawulo. Yari yakirijwe mu nzira ijya Damasiko, aho yari yamaze igihe gito atabona. Iminsi itatu nyuma yo gukizwa kwe, Imana imutumaho umugabo witwa Ananiya:

Ananiya aragenda yinjira mu nzu, amurambikaho ibiganza aramubwira ati, “Sawuli mwene Data, Umwami Yesu wakubonekereye mu nzira waturutsemo, arantumye ngo uhumuke wuzuzwe Umwuka Wera.”Uwo mwanya ibisa n’imboneranyi bimuva ku maso arahumuka, arahaguruka arabatizwa (Ibyak 9:17-18).

Nta gushidikanya ko Sawuli yari yamaze kuvuka ubwa kabiri mbere y’uko Ananiya aza kumusengera. Yizeye Umwami Yesu mu nzira ijya i Damasiko, kandi ahera ko yumvira amabwiriza y’Umwami we yari akimara kuyoboka. Ikindi kandi, Ananiya akimubona yaramuhamagaye ati “Sawuli mwene Data.” Urabona ko Ananiya yabwiye Sawuli ko icyatumye aza kumureba ari ukugira ngo ahumuke kandi yuzuzwe Umwuka Wera. Nuko rero Sawuli, yujujwe Umwuka Wera cyangwa yabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera iminsi itatu nyuma yo gukizwa.

Ibyanditswe ntibivuga neza neza uko byagenza mu kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera kwa Sawuli, ariko bigomba kuba byarabaye nyuma gato y’aho Ananiya agereye aho Sawuli yari ari. Nta gushidikanya ko Sawuli yavuze mu zindi ndimi, kuko nyuma mu 1 Abakorinto 14:18 yaje kuvuga ati, “Nshimira Imana yuko mwese mbarusha kuvuga indimi zitamenyekana.”

Kayisariya

(Caesarea)

Ahantu ha kane havuga aho abizera babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ni mu Ibyak. 10. Intumwa Petero yatumwe n’Imana kujya i Kayisariya kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu rugo rwa Koruneliyo. Petero akimara kuvuga yuko agakiza kabonerwa mu kwizera Yesu, abanyamahanga bose bari bamuteze amatwi bahereye ko bizera, kandi Umwuka Wera arabamanukira:

Petero akivuga ibyo, Umwuka Wera amanukira abumvise ayo magambo bose. Abizeye bo mu bakebwe bajyanye na Petero barumirwa bose, kuko n’abanyamahanga na bo bahawe Umwuka Wera akaba abasutsweho, kuko bumvise bavuga izindi ndimi bahimbaza Imana. Maze Petero arababaza ati, “Aba ngaba bahawe Umwuka Wera nkatwe, ni nde ubasha kubima amazi ngo batabatizwa?” Ategeka ko babatizwa mu izina rya Yesu Kristo (Ibyak 10:44-48a).

Aha ngaha, birasa nk’aho abo mu rugo rwa Koruneliyo, ari na bo babaye abanyamahanga ba mbere bizeye Yesu, bavutse ubwa kabiri kandi bakanabatizwa mu Mwuka Wera icyarimwe, byombi byababereyeho rimwe.

Iyo turebye ibindi Byanditswe bibikikije tugasesengura n’amateka y’icyo gihe, impamvu yatumye Imana idategereza ko Petero n’abizera bagenzi be babanza kurambika ibiganza kuri abo bizera b’abanyamahanga ngo buzuzwe Umwuka Wera iragaragara. Petero n’abo bizera bandi b’Abayuda ntibyari biboroheye kumva ko umunyamahanga yakizwa, uretse no kuzura Umwuka Wera! Ahari ntibaba barigeze basengera abo mu rugo rwa Koruneliyo ngo babatizwe mu Mwuka Wera, byatumye rero Imana mu butware bwayo yikorera. Iman yigishaga Petero na bagenzi be iby’ubuntu bwayo butangaje ku banyamahanga.

Mbese ni iki cyemeje Petero n’abo bizera bandi b’Abayuda ko abo mu rugo rwa Koruneliyo bahawe umubatizo w’Umwuka Wera koko? Luka yaranditse ati, “Kuko bumvise bavuga izindi ndimi” Ibyak 10:46). Petero yatangaje ko abanyamahanga bahawe Umwuka Wera rwose nk’uko ba bandi ijana na makumyabiri bawuhawe ku munsi wa pentekote (reba 10:47).

Efeso

(Ephesus)

Aha gatanu tubona abizera babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ni mu Byakozwe n’Intumwa 19. Pawulo ari mu rugendo muri Efeso, yahuye n’abigishwa bamwe ababaza iki kibazo: “Mwahawe Umwuka Wera, mutangiye kwizera?” (Ibyak 19:2).

Pawulo, umuntu wanditse umubare munini w’inzandiko zo mu Isezerano Rishya, biragaragara ko yizeraga rwose ko umuntu ashobora kwizera Yesu ariko ntiyuzure Umwuka Wera mu buryo runaka. Atari ibyo ntiyakabaye yarabajije icyo kibazo.

Abo bantu bashubije ko batigeze banumva na rimwe Umwuka Wera. Mu by’ukuri bari barumvise gusa ko Mesiya agiye kuza, babyumviye kuri Yohana Umubatiza, ari na we wababatije. Pawulo yahereye ko arongera ababatiza mu mazi, noneho icyo gihe babatizwa umubatizo wa gikristo nyakuri. Hanyuma Pawulo abarambikaho ibiganza ngo buzuzwe Umwuka Wera:

Babyumvise batyo babatizwa mu izina ry’Umwami Yesu. Pawulo amaze kubarambikaho ibiganza Umwuka Wera abazaho, bavuga izindi ndimi barahanura. Abo bantu bose bari nka cumi na babiri (Ibyak 19:5-7).

Na none biragaragara ko umubatizo wo mu Mwuka Wera wabanjirijwe no gukizwa, tutitaye ku kureba niba abo bantu cumi na babiri bari barakijijwe cyangwa batari bagakijijwe mbere y’uko bahura na Pawulo. Na none kandi ikimenyetso gikurikirana no kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera cyabaye kuvuga indimi (aha ho habaye no guhanura).

Icyemejwe

(The Verdict)

Reka dusubiremo turebe za ngero eshanu. Muri enye muri zo nibura, tubona ko kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera biza nyuma yo gukizwa.

Mu ngero eshatu muri izo eshanu, Ibyanditswe bivuga byeruye ko abujujwe Umwuka Wera bavuze mu zindi ndimi. Ikindi kandi Pawulo ahura na Ananiya, uko byagenze abatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ntabwo bivugwa neza, ariko tuzi neza ko amaherezo yavuze mu ndimi. Aho ni aha kane herekana icyo kimenyetso cyo kuvuga mu ndimi.

Mu rugero rusigaye, hari ikintu cy’igitangaza cyabaye igihe abizera b’i Samariya buzuzwaga Umwuka Wera kuko Simoni yagerageje kugura ubwo bushobozi butuma umuntu arambika abantu ho ibiganza bakuzura Umwuka Wera.

Ni uko rero icyo kimenyetso kiragaragara neza. Mu itorero rya mbere, abizera bavutse ubwa kabiri hari ikindi kintu cya kabiri babonaga ku Mwuka Wera, kandi iyo bamaraga kugihabwa bavugaga mu zindi ndimi. Ibi ntibigomba kudutangaza, kuko Yesu yavuze ko abazamwizera bazavuga mu ndimi nshya.

Nuko rero dufite ibimenyetso bifatika dushingiraho twemeza ko umuntu wese wavutse ubwa kabiri agomba no gukorerwaho undi murimo w’Umwuka Wera–ni ukubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera. Byongeye kandi, buri wizera wese akwiriye kwitegura kuvuga mu zindi ndimi igihe abatijwe mu Mwuka Wera.

Uko umuntu abatizwa mu Mwuka Wera

(How to Receive the Baptism in the Holy Spirit)

Kimwe n’izindi mpano z’Imana zose, Umwuka Wera yakirwa mu kwizera (reba Gal. 3:5). Kugira ngo uwizera agire kwizera gutuma yakira, agomba kubanza akumva neza ko kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ari ubushake bw’Imana kuri we. Iyo akibaza cyangwa agishidikanya, ntashobora kuzuzwa (reba Yakobo 1:6-7).

Nta wizera n’umwe ufite impamvu iyo ari yo yose igomba kumubuza kwizera ko ari ubushake bw’Imana kuri we kuzuzwa Umwuka Wera, kuko Yesu yavuze yeruye icyo Imana ishaka kuri ibyo:

None se ko muzi guha abana banyu ibyiza kandi muri babi, So wo mu ijuru ntazarushaho rwose guha Umwuka Wera abamumusabye (Luka 11:13).

Iryo sezerano ryavuye mu kanwa ka Yesu rikwiye kwemeza buri mwana w’Imana wese ko ari ubushake bw’Imana ko yuzura Umwuka Wera.

Uyu murongo na none ushyigikira rya hame ry’uko kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera biza nyuma yo gukizwa, kuko aha ngaha Yesu yasezeraniraga abana b’Imana (ari bo bantu bonyine bafite Imana ho “Se wo mu ijuru”) ko Imana izabaha Umwuka Wera nabayimusaba. Birumvikana ko iyo tuza kuba dukenera gusa Umwuka Wera mu kuvuka ubwa kabiri igihe cyo gukizwa, ubwo noneho iryo sezerano rya Yesu nta cyo ryaba rimaze nta n’ubwo ryaba ryumvikana. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwoko bw’abanyatewolojiya badutse, Yesu we yemera ko bikwiriye cyane ko umuntu wamaze kuvuka ubwa kabiri asaba Imana Umwuka Wera.

Kubwa Yesu, hari ibintu bibiri gusa umuntu agomba kuba yujuje kugira ngo yuzuzwe Umwuka Wera. Icya mbere, Imana igomba kuba ari Se, kandi iba So ari uko uvutse ubwa kabiri. Icya kabiri, ugomba kuyisaba Umwuka Wera.

Nubwo kuzuzwa Umwuka Wera kubwo kurambikwaho ibiganza bihamanya n’Ibyanditswe (reba Ibyak 8:17; 19:6), ntabwo ari ngombwa cyane ku buryo iyo bitabaye ntawe ushobora kuzura Umwuka Wera. Buri mukristo uwo ari we wese ashobora kuzuzwa Umwuka Wera ubwe yiherereye ahantu he asengera. Icyo akeneye gusa ni ugusaba, akakīra mu kwizera, maze agatangira kuvuga mu ndimi uko Umwuka amuhaye kuzivuga.

Ubwoba bukunze kubaho

(Common Fears)

Abantu benshi bakunze gutinya ko nibasenga basaba Umwuka Wera, bashobora kwinjirwa n’abadayimoni aho kwakira Umwuka Wera. Ariko ntaho izo mpungenge zishingiye. Yesu yarasezeranye ati,

Mbese ni nde muri mwe ufite umwana, yamusaba umutsima akamuha ibuye? Cyangwa ifi akamuha inzoka? Cyangwa yamusaba igi akamuha sikorupiyo? None se ko muzi guha abana banyu ibyiza kandi muri babi, So wo mu ijuru ntazarushaho rwose guha Umwuka Wera abamumusabye? (Luka 11:11-13).

Nidusaba Umwuka Wera, Imana izaduha Umwuka Wera, kandi ntidukwiye kugira ubwoba bw’uko hari ikindi icyo ari cyo cyose dushobora guhabwa.

Bamwe bagira impungenge z’uko, nibavuga mu ndimi, azaba ari bo ubwabo bavugagura ibigambo bidafite icyo bivuze, aho kuba ururimi rw’indengakamere rutanzwe n’Umwuka Wera. Nyamara, nugerageza guhimba ururimi runaka utaruzuzwa Umwuka Wera uzabona ko bidashoboka. Ku rundi ruhande, ugomba kumva ko mu kuvuga indimi, uzagomba gukoresha umunwa wawe n’ijwi ryawe. Ni umunwa wawe n’ijwi ryawe bikora si iby’undi. Umwuka Wera si we uza kuvuga mu mwanya wawe–We aguha gusa ibyo uvuga. Ni umufasha wacu ntabwo ari we nyirubwite. Ni wowe ugomba kuvuga, nk’uko nyine Bibiliya ivuga:

Bose buzuzwa Umwuka Wera, batangira[ni bo] kuvuga izindi ndimi nk’uko Umwuka yabahaye kuzivuga (Ibyak 2:4).

Pawulo amaze kubarambikaho ibiganza Umwuka Wera abazaho, bavuga izindi ndimi (Ibyak 19:6).

Iyo uwizera amaze gusaba kuzuzwa Umwuka Wera, agomba kwitegura kuvuga mu zindi ndimi. Bitewe n’uko uwuzura Umwuka Wera amwakira mu kwizera, umwakira ntakwiye kwibwira ko hari ibimenyetso runaka azumva bimugendagenda ku mubiri. Akwiye gusa gufungura umunwa we agatangira kuvuga amagambo mashya n’amajwi mashya bigize ururimi rushya Umwuka Wera amuhaye. Mu gihe uwizera adatangiye kuvuga mu kwizera, nta jambo na rimwe rizasohoka mu kanwa ke kubwa ryo. Ni we ugomba kuvuga, hanyuma Umwuka Wera akamuha ibyo avuga.

Isoko y’ibyo avuga

(The Source of the Utterance)

Dushingiye ku byo Pawulo avuga, igihe uwizera asenga mu ndimi, si ubwenge bwe buba busenga ahubwo ni umwuka we:

Iyo nsenga mu rurimi rutamenyekana umwuka wanjye urasenga, ariko ubwo bwenge bwanjye ntibugira icyo bwungura abandi. Nuko noneho ngire nte? Nzajya nsengesha umwuka wanjye ariko kandi nzajya nsengesha n’ubwenge, nzariririmbisha umwuka wanjye ariko kandi nzaririmbisha n’ubwenge (1 Kor. 14:14-15).

Pawulo yavuze ko iyo asenga mu ndimi, ubwenge bwe butagira icyo bwungura abandi. Ibyo bivuga ko ubwenge bwe nta ruhare bubifitemo, kandi ntasobanukirwa ibyo yasengaga mu ndimi ibyo ari byo. Nuko rero aho guhora asenga mu ndimi gusa atumva n’icyo bisobanuye, Pawulo yafataga n’akanya ko gusengesha ubwenge bwe mu rurimi rwe rusanzwe. Yaririmbaga mu ndimi ariko akaririmba no mu rurimi rwe rusanzwe. Byombi bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusenga no mu kuririmba, kandi byaba byiza gukurikiza urugero rwiza rwa Pawulo rurimo ubushishozi kandi rufashe impu zombi.

Urabona na none ko kuri Pawulo, kuvuga mu ndimi byavaga ku gushaka kwe nko kuvuga ururimi rwe bisanzwe. Yaravuze ati, “Nzajya nsengesha umwuka wanjye ariko kandi nzajya nsengesha n’ubwenge.” Ababinegura bakunze kuvuga ngo niba koko kuvuga mu ndimi by’iki gihe ari impano y’Umwuka, ngo umuntu ntiyashobora kubigenga,ngo kuko yabarwaho icyaha cyo kugenga Imana. Ariko igitekerezo nk’icyo nta shingiro gifite. Kuvuga mu ndimi, byaba ibya kera byaba iby’ubu byose bigengwa n’umuntu nk’uko Imana yagennye ko ari ko bizaba. Noneho abavuga batyo bashobora no kuvuga ngo abantu bafite ibiganza byaremwe n’Imana koko ntibagenga ibiganza byabo, kandi abantu bafata icyemezo kivuye mu bwenge bwabo cyo gukoresha ibiganza byabo ubwo baba bagerageza kugenga Imana.

Iyo umaze kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera, ushobora kumenya mu buryo bworoshye ko kuvuga mu ndimi kwawe bituruka mu mwuka wawe aho guturuka mu bwenge bwawe. Banza ugerageze kuganira n’umuntu mu gihe usoma n’iki gitabo. Urasanga ko udashobora kubikorera rimwe byombi icyarimwe. Nyamara urasanga bishoboka ko ushobora gukomeza ukavuga mu ndimi kandi ukomeza no gusoma iki gitabo. Impamvu ni uko mu kuvuga mu ndimi udakoresha ubwenge bwawe–izo ndimi zituruka mu mwuka wawe. Nuko rero uko urimo ukoresha umwuka wawe usenga, ushobora gukoresha ubwenge bwawe ugasoma ukumva n’ibyo usoma.

Noneho ubwo umaze kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera

(Now That You Are Baptized in the Holy Spirit)

Ukomeze kumva mu bwenge bwawe ko impamvu ya mbere yatumye Imana ikubatiza mu Mwuka Wera ari ukugira ngo–iguhe imbaraga cyane cyane zo gushobora guhamya, mu buryo bwo kugaragaza imbuto n’impano z’Umwuka (reba 1 Kor. 12:4-11; Gal. 5:22-23). Mu kubaho ubuzima bugaragaza Kristo kandi bwereka isi urukundo rwe, ibyishimo, n’amahoro ye, ndetse bugaragaza impano z’Umwuka z’indengakamere, Imana izagukoresha yikururireho abandi bantu. Ubushobozi bwo kuvuga mu ndimi buturuka gusa ku “migezi y’amazi y’ubugingo” agomba gutemba aturuka imbere muri wowe.

Kandi wibuke ko Imana yaduhaye Umwuka Wera ngo adushoboze kugeza ubutumwa bwiza ku baba mu isi bose (reba Ibyak 1:8). Iyo tuvuga mu ndimi, tujye tumenya ko ururimi turimo tuvuga rushobora kuba ari ururimi ruvugwa n’ubwoko runaka mu bindi bihugu bya kure. Uko dusenze mu ndimi, tujye twibuka ko Imana ishaka ko buri bwoko bwo mu isi bw’indimi zose bubwirwa ubutumwa bwa Yesu. Ugomba gusaba Imana ikatwereka uko twagira uruhare mu gusohoza Inshingano ikomeye Yesu yaduhaye.

Kuvuga mu ndimi ni ikintu tugomba gukora kenshi mu buryo bushoboka bwose. Pawulo, ikigega cy’imbaraga cy’umwuka, yaranditse ati, “Nshimira Imana yuko mwese mbarusha kuvuga indimi zitamenyekana” (1 Kor. 14:18). Ibyo yabyandikiye Itorero ryavugaga mu ndimi cyane (nubwo bazivugaga mu gihe kitari cyo). Pawulo rero agomba kuba yaravugaga mu ndimi cyane umuntu warushaga abantu nk’abo. Gusenga mu ndimi bidufasha gukomeza kwibuka ko dufite Umwuka Wera uba muri twe, kandi udufasha “gusenga ubudahwema” nk’uko Pawulo yavuze mu 1 Abatesalonike 5:17.

Pawulo kandi yaravuze ati gusenga mu zindi ndimi byungura/byubaka uwizera (reba 1 Kor. 14:4). Ibyo bisobanuye ko byubaka umuntu mu buryo bw’umwuka. Gusenga mu ndimi byngera imbaraga umuntu w’imbere, mu buryo tudashobora gusobanukirwa neza. Kuvuga mu zindi zitamenyekana byakagombye kuba ikintu cya buri munsi cyungura ubuzima bw’umwuka bw’uwizera ntibibe ibintu by’umunsi umwe gusa igihe wuzuzwaga Umwuka Wera bwa mbere.

Umaze kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera, ndagukangurira kujya ufata umwanya buri munsi ugasenga Imana mu rurimi rwawe rushya wahawew. Bizatuma ubuzima bwawe bw’umwuka butera imbere cyane kandi ukure mu mwuka.

Ibisubizo ku Bibazo Bimwe Bikunze Kubazwa

Answers to a Few Common Questions

Dushobora guhamya rwose ko abantu bose batigeze bavuga mu ndimi na rimwe batigeze babatizwa mu Mwuka Wera? Jye si ko mbyumva.

Iteka iyo nsengera abantu ngo babatizwe mu Mwuka Wera, mbabwira ko bagomba kwitegura kuvuga mu ndimi, kandi wenda abagera kuri 95% y’abo nsengeye mu masegonda macye nkimara kubasengera bahita batangira kuvuga mu ndimi. Ubateranije bagera ku bihumbi mu myaka yose ishize.

Nyamara, sinavuga ko umukristo wasenze asaba kubatizwa mu Mwuka akaba ataravuze mu ndimi, ko ubwo atabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera, kuko kubatizwa mu Mwuka ari ibintu wakira mu kwizera naho kuvuga mu ndimi bituruka ku bushake bw’umuntu. Ariko iyo ngize amahirwe yo kuganira n’uwizera wasengeye kubatizwa mu Mwuka ariko ntiyigere avuga mu ndimi, ndabanza nkamwereka Ibyanditswe byose biri mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa bivuga kuri ibyo. Hanyuma na none nkereka uwo mwizera ukuntu Pawulo yagengaga kuvuga mu ndimi cyangwa kutazivuga. Nanjye, nka Pawulo, nshobora kuvuga mu ndimi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose nshakiye, kandi nshatse nshobora gufata icyemezo cyo kutazongera kuvuga mu ndimi na rimwe. Bityo rero, nashoboraga kuba naruzuye Umwuka Wera ariko sinigere mvuga mu ndimi iyo ntaza kwemerera Umwuka Wera ngo mvuge ururimi rwe ampaye.

Nuko rero na none, iyo ngize amahirwe yo kuganira n’umukristo wasenze mu kwizera abatizwe mu Mwuka Wera, ariko akaba ataravuze mu zindi ndimi, simubwira (nta n’ubwo ari ko nizera) ko atabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera. Musobanurira gusa ukuntu kuvuga mu ndimi atari ikintu Umwuka Wera yakorera ahandi hatari muri twe. Musobanurira ko Umwuka Wera atanga ururimi ariko ko ari twe tuvuga, nk’uko umuntu avuga iyo avuga ururimi rwe rusanzwe. Hanyuma ngakangurira uwo muntu gufatanya n’Umwuka Wera akamwemerera agatangira kuvuga mu ndimi. Hafi ya bose bahita batangira kuvuga mu ndimi.

Mbese Pawulo Ntiyanditse Ko Atari Bose bavuga Indimi?

(Didn’t Paul Write that Not All Speak with Tongues?)

Ikibazo cy’ubuhanga Pawulo abaza ati, “Bose bavuga izindi ndimi?” (1 Kor. 12:30) kandi igisubizo cyacyo cyumvikana cyane ni “Oya,” kigomba guhuzwa n’ibindi Byanditswe byo mu Isezerano Rishya. Ikibazo cye kijyanye n’amabwiriza yatangaga ku mpano z’Umwuka, kandi zikora uko Umwuka abishatse (reba 1 Kor. 12:11). Pawulo by’umwihariko yandikaga avuga ku mpano y’Umwuka yo kuvuga”indimi nyinshi” (1 Kor. 12:10) kandi iyo mpano, nk’uko Pawulo avuga, igomba kuba iherekejwe n’impano y’umwuka yo gusobanura indimi. Iyi mpano igomba kuba atari yo yari iri mu Itorero ry’i Korinto ihagaragara buri gihe, kuko bavugaga mu ndimi mu ruhame kandi ntanusobanura. Dukwiye kubaza iki kibazo tuti, Kuki Umwuka Wera yaha umuntu impano yo kuvuga mu ndimi mu ruhame ariko ntamuhe impano yo kuzisobanura?Igisubizo ni uko Umwuka Wera adashobora kubikora. Bigenze bityo Umwuka Wera yaba ashyigikira ibintu bitari mu bushake bw’Imana.

Abakorinto bagomba kuba barasengaga mu ndimi bavuga cyane mu materaniro yabo, kandi nta kuzisobanura guhari. Ubwo rero, tubona ko kuvuga mu ndimi biri uburyo bubiri. Uburyo bumwe ni ugusenga mu ndimi, ari byo Pawulo yavuze ko bigomba kuba iby’umuntu ku giti cye. Ubwo buryo bwo kuvuga mu ndimi ntibugomba guherekezwa no gusobanura, nk’uko Pawulo yanditse ati, , “Umwuka wanjye urasenga, ariko ubwo bwenge bwanjye ntibugira icyo bwungura abandi” (1 Kor. 14:14). Biragaragara ko Atari buri gihe Pawulo yasobanukirwaga ibyo avuga iyo avuga mu ndimi. Ntiyabisobanukirwaga, nta no gusobanura kwari guhari.

Nyamara kandi, hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga mu ndimi bwagenewe gukoreshwa mu ruhame mu materaniro y’itorero, kandi uko kuvuga mu ndimi kuba guherekejwe n’impano yo gusobanura indimi. Ibyo biba igihe Umwuka Wera aje ku muntu nk’uko abishatse, akamuha iyo mpano. Uwo muntu ararangurura mu ruhame akavuga mu ndimi, hanyuma bigakurikirwa no kuzisobanura. Ariko Imana ntikoresha buri wese ityo. Ni yo mpamvu Pawulo yanditse avuga ko atari bose bavuga mu ndimi. Si bose bakoreshwa n’Imana mu buryo bw’ako kanya bw’impano y’indimi iziye aho, nk’uko Imana idakoresha buri wese mu mpano yo gusobanura indimi. Ubwo ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo guhuza cya kibazo cya Pawulo ngo, “Bose bavuga izindi ndimi?” n’icyo ibindi Byanditswe bivuga.

Nshobora kuvuga mu ndimi igihe cyose nshakiye, nk’uko Pawulo yashoboraga kubikora. Nuko rero, yaba Pawulo cyangwa jye, ntawavuga ngo kuvuga mu ndimi kwe biterwa n’uko “Umwuka ashaka gusa.” Biterwa n’uko dushatse. Nuko rero ibyo dukora igihe cyose dushatse ntibishobora kuba impano yo kuvuga mu ndimi ikora gusa “uko Umwuka ashatse.” Ikindi kandi, Pawulo, kimwe nanjye, yavugaga mu ndimi ari wenyine adasobanukirwa ibyo avuga, ubwo rero iyo ntishobora kuba ya mpano y’indimi yanditse mu 1 Abakorinto, igomba kuba iherekejwe n’impano yo gusobanura indimi.

Ni gake cyane navugiye indimi mu materaniro. Ni igihe gusa nabaga numvise Umwuka Wera anyobora kubikora ntyo, nubwo nashoboraga (nk’uko Abakorinto bakoraga) gusenga mu ndimi mvuga cyane igihe cyose nshatse kandi nta no kuzisobanura guhari. Igihe cyose numvise uko kuyoborwa n’Umwuka Wera ansunika kuvuga mu ndimi, iteka hagiye habaho no kuzisobanura kandi bigafasha itorero.

Mu kwanzura, tugomba gusobanura Bibiliya mu buryo bwo guhuza neza Ibyanditswe. Abanzura bavuga ko abizera bose batagomba kuvuga mu ndimi,ngo kubera ikibazo cya Pawulo cyo mu 1 Abakorinto 12:30, baba birengagije ibindi Byanditswe byinshi bidahuza n’iyo nsobanuro yabo. Bitewe n’uko kwibeshya kwabo, bahomba umugisha ukomeye w’Imana.

Iyo umuntu yihannye akizera Umwami Yesu Kristo, aba “avutse bwa kabiri.” Ariko se bisobanuye iki koko kuvuka bwa kabiri? Iki gice ni byo kivugaho.

Kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe neza icyo ari cyo kuvuka bwa kabiri, ni byiza kubanza gusobanukirwa kamere muntu. Ibyanditswe bitubwira ko tutari umubiri gusa, ko ahubwo turi n’ibiremwa by’umwuka. Urugero Pawulo yaranditse ati,

Imana y’amahoro ibeze rwose, kandi mwebwe ubwanyu n’umwuka wanyu, n’ubugingo n’umubiri byose birarindwe, bitazabaho umugayo ubwo Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo azaza (1 Tes. 5:23).

Nk’uko Pawulo yabyerekanye, dushobora kumva ko turi ibiremwa bigizwe n’ibice bitatu: umwuka, ubugingo n’umubiri. Ibyanditswe ntibisobanura neza kuri ibyo bice bitatu, ubwo rero dukora uko dushoboye kugira ko tubitandukanye dushingiye ku magambo ubwayo. Twanzura tuvuga ko umubiri wacu ari umuntu w’inyuma–inyama, amagufwa, amaraso n’ibindi. Ubugingo bwacu ni ubwenge n’ubumenyi n’amarangamutima yacu–ibitekerezo byacu. Umwuka wacu birumvikana ko ari ikiremwa cy’umwuka, nk’uko intumwa Petero abisobanura, “umuntu w’imbere uhishwe mu mutima” (1 Pet. 3:4).

Bitewe n’uko umwuka utagaragarira amaso y’umubiri, abantu badakijijwe bashaka kuvuga ko utabaho. Nyamara Bibiliya ivuga yeruye ko turi ibiremwa by’umwuka. Ibyanditswe bitubwira ko iyo umuntu apfuye, ari umubiri gusa uba urekeye aho gukora, igihe umwuka n’ubugingo byo bikomeza gukora uko bisanzwe. Iyo umuntu apfuye, ibyo byombi biva mu mubiri (nk’ikintu kimwe) bikajya guhagarara mu rubanza imbere y’Imana (reba Heb. 9:27). Nyuma y’urubanza bikajya mu ijuru cyangwa mu muriro. Amaherezo umwuka n’ubugingo bya buri muntu bizongera bihuzwe n’umubiri we ku munsi wo kuzuka kwawo.

Gusobanura kurushaho umwuka w’umuntu

(The Human Spirit More Defined)

Muri 1 Petero 3:4, Petero umwuka awita “umuntu uhishwe,” bigaragaza ko umwuka ari umuntu. Pawulo na we, umwuka awita “umuntu w’imbere,” bikerekana ko yizera ko umwuka w’umuntu atari igitekerezo gusa cyangwa imbaraga runaka, ahubwo ko ari umuntu:

Ni cyo gituma tudacogora, kandi nubwo umuntu wacu w’inyuma asāza, umuntu wacu w’imbere ahora ahinduka mushya uko bukeye (2 Kor. 4:16).

Birumvikana ko “umuntu w’inyuma” bivuga umubiri w’inyama n’amaraso, naho “umuntu w’imbere” bikavuga umwuka. Mu gihe umubiri ugenda usāza, umwuka wo uba mushya uko bukeye.

Urabona aha na none ko Pawulo umubiri n’umwuka abyita abantu. Igihe utekereje ku mwuka wawe rero, ntukawutekereze nk’igicu cy’umwuka kiri aho. Ni byiza ahubwo kuwutekereza nk’umuntu ufite ishusho nk’iyawe. Ariko rero niba umubiri wawe ushaje ntutekereze ko n’umwuka wawe ushaje. Utekereze uko wari umeze ukibyiruka kuko umwuka wawe utigeze usāza! Uhora uba mushya uko bukeye.

Umwuka wawe ni cyo gice cyawe kivuka bwa kabiri (niba warizeye Umwami Yesu). Umwuka wahujwe n’Umwuka w’Imana (reba 1 Kor. 6:17), ka ni wo (Umwuka w’Imana) ukuyobora uko ukurikira Yesu (reba Rom. 10:14).

Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana na yo ari umwuka (reba Yohana 4:24), cyo kimwe n’abamarayika n’abadayimoni. Bose bafite imiterere kandi baba mu isi y’umwuka. Isi y’umwuka ariko ntiwayumva cyangwa ngo uyibone mu buryo bw’umubiri. Kugerageza gukabakaba isi y’umwuka ukoresheje umubiri ni nko kugerageza gukora ku majwi yo muri radiyo ngo uyakoreho n’intoki uyafate. Ntidushobora kubonesha amaso y’umubiri ukuntu amajwi yakirwa na radiyo arimo araca mu cyumba, ariko kutayabona ntibivuga ko adahari. Uburyo bumwe gusa buhari bwo kugira ngo wumve radiyo ni ukuyifungura/kuyatsa.

Ni nako biri ku byerekeye isi y’umwuka. Kubera ko gusa isi y’umwuka udashobora kuyibonesha amaso y’umubiri ntibivuga ko itabaho. Ibaho, kandi abantu babimenya batabimenya, ni bamwe mu bigize iyo si y’umwuka kuko ari ibiremwa by’umwuka. Bashobora kuba bafatanyijwe na Satani mu buryo bw’umwuka (iyo batarihana) cyangwa se bakaba bafatanyijwe n’Imana (iyo bamaze kuvuka bwa kabiri). Abapfumu bamwe bamenye uko bahura n’isi y’umwuka bakoresheje imyuka yabo, ariko icyo bahura na cyo ni isi y’umwuka y’aho Satani atuye–ubwami bw’umwijima.

Imibiri y’iteka ryose

(Eternal Bodies)

Tukiri aha, reka ngire icyo mvuga ku mibiri yacu. Nubwo amaherezo izapfa, ariko urupfu rwacu rwo mu buryo bw’umubiri ntiruzahoraho. Hari umunsi ugiye kuzagera maze Imana ubwayo izure umubiri wa buri muntu wapfuye. Yesu yaravuze ati,

Ntimutangazwe n’ibyo kuko igihe kizaza, ubwo abari mu bituro bose bazumva ijwi rye bakavamo, abakoze ibyiza bakazukira ubugingo, naho abakoze ibibi bakazukira gucirwaho iteka (Yohana 5:28-29).

Intumwa Yohana yanditse mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe ko kuzuka kw’imibiri y’abanyabyaha kuzabaho nibura imyaka igihumbi nyuma yo kuzuka kw’imibiri y’abakiranutsi:

Barazuka [abera bishwe bahōrwa Yesu muri cya gihe cyo gutotezwa gukomeye] bimana na Kristo imyaka igihumbi. Uwo ni wo muzuko wa mbere.[1] Abapfuye basigaye ntibazuka, iyo myaka igihumbi itarashira. Ufite umugabane wo kuzuka kwa mbere arahirwa kandi ni uwera… ahubwo bazaba abatambyi b’Imana na Kristo kandi bazimana na yo iyo myaka igihumbi (Ibyah. 20:4b-6).

Bibiliya kandi itubwira ko Yesu nagaruka kujyana Itorero, imibiri y’abakiranutsi yose yapfuye izazurwa igahuzwa n’imyuka yabo ubwo izaba igarukanye na Yesu bava mu ijuru baje mu kirere cy’isi:

Ubwo twemeye ko Yesu yapfuye akazuka, abe ari ko twizera yuko Imana izazanana na we[bazaza ari imyuka] abasinziririye muri we. Iki ni cyo tubabwira tukibwirijwe n’ijambo ry’Umwami wacu yuko twebwe abazaba bakiriho, basigaye kugeza ku kuza k’Umwami, tutazabanziriza na hato abasinziriye. Kuko Umwami ubwe azaza amanutse ava mu ijuru aranguruye ijwi rirenga… nuko abapfiriye muri Kristo [imibiri yabo] ni bo bazabanza kuzuka, maze natwe abazaba bakiriho basigaye duhereko tujyananwe na bo, tuzamuwe mu bicu gusanganirira Umwami mu kirere. Nuko rero tuzabana n’Umwami iteka ryose (1 Tes. 4:14-17).

Imana yaremye umuntu wa mbere imukuye mu butaka, nta kibazo rero izagira cyo kongera kwegeranya uduce twa wa mubiri ngo yongere ireme umubiri mushya.

Ku byerekeranye no kuzuka kw’imibiri yacu Pawulo yaranditse ati:

No kuzuka kw’abapfuye ni ko kuri. Umubiri ubibwa ari uwo kubora ukazazurwa ari uwo kutazabora, ubibwa ufite igisuzuguriro ukazazurwa ufite ubwiza, ubibwa utagira intege ukazazurwa ufite imbaraga, ubibwa ari umubiri wa kavukire ukazazurwa ari umubiri w’umwuka….Nuko bene Data icyo mvuga ni iki yuko abafite umubiri n’amaraso bisa batabasha kuragwa ubwami bw’Imana, kandi ibibora bitabasha kuragwa ibitabora. Dore mbamenere ibanga: ntituzasinzira [ntituzapfa] twese ahubwo twese tuzahindurwa mu kanya gato, ndetse mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya, ubwo impanda y’imperuka izavuga. Impanda izavuga koko, abapfuye bazurwe ubutazongera kubora natwe duhindurwe. Kuko uyu mubiri ubora ukwiriye kuzambikwa kutabora, kandi uyu mubiri upfa ukwiriye kuzambikwa kudapfa (1 Kor. 15:42-44a, 50-53).

Urabona ko ikintu kigaragara cyane ku mibiri yacu mishya ari uko izaba idashobora gupfa cyangwa kubora. Ntizasaza, ntizarwara cyangwa ngo ipfe! Imibiri yacu mishya izaba imeze nk’umubiri Yesu yari afite amaze kuzuka:

Naho twebweho iwacu ni mu ijuru, ni ho dutegereje umukiza ko azava ariwe Mwami Yesu Kristo, uzahindura uyu mubiri wo gucishwa bugufi kwacu akawushushanya n’umubiri w’ubwiza bwe, kuko afite imbaraga zo kumubashisha kwigandurira byose (Fili. 3:20-21).

Intumwa Yohana na we yahamije uku kuri gutangaje:

Bakundwa ubuturi abana b’Imana ariko uko tuzamera ntikurerekanwa. Icyakora icyo tuzi, ni uko niyerekanwa, tuzasa na we, kuko tuzamureba uko ari (1 Yohana 3:2).

Nubwo bidashoboka ko ubwenge bwacu bushyikira ibi bintu neza, dushobora kubyizera kandi tukanezererwa ibyiza biri imbere! [2]

Yesu avuga ku Kuvuka ubwa Kabiri

(Jesus on the New Birth)

Yesu yigeze kubwira umwe mu bakuru b’Abayuda witwaga Nikodemo ibyerekeye impamvu umwuka w’umuntu ugomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri mu mbaraga z’Umwuka Wera:

Yesu aramusubiza[Nikodemo] ati, “Ni ukuri, ni ukuri, ndakubwira yuko umuntu utabyawe ubwakabiri, atabasha kubona ubwami bw’Imana.” Nikodemo aramubaza ati, “Mbese umuntu yabasha ate kubyarwa akuze? Yakongera agasubira mu nda ya nyina akabyarwa?” Yesu aramusubiza ati, “Ni ukuri, ni ukuri, ndakubwira yuko umuntu utabyawe n’amazi n’Umwuka, atabasha kwinjira mu bwami bw’Imana. Ikibyarwa n’umubiri na cyo ni umubiri, n’ikibyarwa n’Umwuka na cyo ni umwuka. Witangazwa n’uko nkubwiye yuko ‘bibakwiriye kubyarwa ubwa kabiri'” (Yohana 3:3-7).

Nikodemo yabanje kwibwira ko ari ukuvuka ubwa kabiri mu buryo bw’umubiri Yesu avuze ko umuntu agomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri kugira ngo yinjire mu bwami bwo mu ijuru. Ariko Yesu yasobanuye neza ko ibyo avuga ari ukuvuka mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ni ukuvuga ngo, umwuka w’umuntu ugomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri.

Impamvu dukeneye kuvuka ubwa kabiri mu buryo bw’umwuka ni uko imyuka yacu yandujwe na kamere yacu mbi y’icyaha. Iyo kamere y’icyaha akenshi Bibiliya ikunda kuyita urupfu. Kubwo kugira ngo bisobanuke neza, turakoresha ijambo urupfu rw’umwuka tuvuga iyo kamere mbi kugira ngo tubitandukanye n’urupfu rw’umubiri (rubaho igihe umubiri utagikora).

Gusobanura urupfu rw’umwuka

(Spiritual Death Defined)

Pawulo yavuze icyo ari cyo gupfa mu mwuka mu Abefeso 2:1-3:

Namwe yarabazuye, mwebwe abari bapfuye muzize ibicumuro byanyu n’ibyaha byanyu, ibyo mwagenderagamo kera mukurikiza imigenzo y’iyi si, mugakurikiza umwami utegeka ikirere, ari we mwuka ukorera mu batumvira. Kandi natwe twese twahoze muri bo dukurikiza ibyo kamere yacu yifuza, tugakora ibyo kamere n’imitima byacu byishakira, kandi ku bwa kavukire yacu twari abo kugirirwa umujinya nk’abandi bose.

Biragaragara ko Pawulo atavugaga urupfu rw’umubiri kuko abo yandikiraga bari bazima mu buryo bw’umubiri. Nyamara akavuga ngo kera bari “bapfiriye mu byaha n’ibicumuro byabo.” Icyaha ni cyo gikingura umuryango w’urupfu rwo mu mwuka (reba Rom. 5:12). Gupfa mu mwuka bivuga kugira kamere y’icyaha mu mwuka wawe. Urabona ko Pawulo avuga ngo “ku bwa kavukire bari abo kugirirwa umujinya.”

Na none kandi, gupfa mu mwuka bivuze, mu buryo bumwe,kugira kamere nk’iya Satani mu mwuka wawe. Pawulo avuga ko abapfuye mu mwuka, umwuka w’ “umwami utegeka ikirere” uba ukorera muri bo. Nta wundi “mwami utegeka ikirere” uretse satani ibyo ntitubishidikanya (reba Ef. 6:12), kandi umwuka we ukorera mu badakijijwe bose.

Yesu, abwira Abayuda badakijijwe yaravuze ati,

Mukomoka kuri so Satani, kandi ibyo so ararikira ni byo namwe mushaka gukora.Uwo yahereye kera kose ari umwicanyi, kandi ntiyahagaze mu by’ukuri kuko ukuri kutari muri we. Navuga ibinyoma, aravuga ibye ubwe kuko ari umunyabinyoma, kandi ni se w’ibinyoma (Yohana 8:44).

Tubirebye mu buryo bw’umwuka, abataravuka ubwa kabiri ntibaba gusa bafite kamere ya Satani mu myuka yabo, ahubwo Satani ni na we se wo mu mwuka. Bakora uko Satani akora. Ni abicanyi kandi ni abanyabinyoma.

Ntabwo ari ukuvuga ko abadakijijwe bose bakoze ubwicanyi, ariko umwuka w’urwango ubakoreramo ni wo ukorera mu bicanyi, baramutse babonye ko nta nkurikizi zababaho bashobora kwica mu buryo bworoshye. Ikibyerekana ni itegeko ritanga uburenganzira bwo gukuramo inda ryemejwe mu bihugu byinshi. Abantu badakijijwe bica n’abana babo bwite bakiri mu nda.

Iyi ni yo mpamvu umuntu agomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri mu mwuka. Iyo rero umuntu avutse ubwa kabiri, ya kamere y’icyaha, kamere ya Satani ikurwa mu mwuka we igasimburwa na kamere yera/ikiranuka y’Imana. Umwuka Wera w’Imana uraza ugatura mu mwuka we. Ntaba “agipfuye mu buryo bw’umwuka” ahubwo aba “abaye muzima mu mwuka.” Umwuka we ntuba ugipfuye ahubwo uba ubaye muzima ku Mana. Aho kuba umwana wa Satani mu buryo bw’umwuka, aba ahindutse umwana w’Imana.

Guhindura imikorere ntibisimbura Kuvuka ubwa Kabiri

(Reformation is No Substitute for Regeneration)

Bitewe n’uko abantu badakijijwe baba barapfuye mu mwuka, ntibashobora na rimwe gukizwa no guhindura imikorere yabo ubwabo, nubwo bagerageza bate. Abantu badakijijwe baba bakeneye kugira indi kamere nshya, ntabwo ari ibikorwa bishya bigaragara inyuma gusa. Wafata ingurube ukayuhagira neza, ukayitera utuvuta duhumura neza tw’amarāshi, ukayambika agatambaro keza k’ibara rya roza mu ijosi, ariko izakomeza kuba ingurube gusa uretse ko ari ingurube yasukuwe! Kamere yayo iracyari ya yindi. Kandi ntizatinda kongera kunuka nabi no kwigaragura mu byondo.

Ni nako bimeze ku bantu bagiye mu idini gusa ariko batigeze bavuka ubwa kabiri. Bashobora kuba bafite wenda isuku y’inyuma buhoro, ariko imbere buzuye umwanda. Yesu yabwiye abanyedini bakomeye bo mu gihe cye ati,

Mwebwe banditsi n’Abafarisayo mwa ndyarya mwe! Muzabona ishyano kuko mwoza inyuma y’igikombe n’imbehe, ariko imbere yabyo huzuye ubwambuzi bwanyu no kutirinda. Wa Mufarisayo uhumye we, banza woze imbere y’igikombe n’imbehe, inyuma yabyo habone kuba heza. Mwebwe banditsi n’Abafarisayo, mwa ndyarya mwe, muzabona ishyano kuko mumeze nk’ibituro byasizwe ingwa, bigaragara inyuma ari byiza nyamara inyuma byuzuye amagufwa y’abapfuye n’ibihumanya byose. Ni ko muri namwe, inyuma mugaragarira abantu muri abakiranutsi, ariko mu mutima mwuzuye uburyarya n’ubugome (Mat. 23:25-28).

Ayo magambo ya Yesu akwiriye abantu bari mu idini bose ariko batarigeze bavuka ubwa kabiri kubw’ubw’Umwuka Wera. Kuvuka ubwa kabiri bisukura imbere mu muntu ntabwo ari inyuma gusa.

Ni iki kiba ku bugingo iyo umwuka uvutse ubwa Kabiri?

What Happens to the Soul When the Spirit is Reborn?

Iyo umwuka w’umuntu uvutse ubwa kabiri, mu ntangiriro nta kintu kiba cyahindutse ku bugingo bwe (uretse kuba yafashe icyemezo mu bwenge bwe cyo gukurikira Yesu). Ariko Imana yo, ishaka ko hari icyo dukora ku bugingo bwacu igihe tumaze guhinduka umwe mu bana bayo. Ubugingo bwacu (ibitekerezo) bigomba guhindurwa bishya n’Ijambo ry’Imana kugira ngo dutekereze nk’uko Imana ishaka ko dutekereza. Ni mu buryo bwo guhinduka bashya mu bitekerezo byacu imibereho yacu igenda ikomeza guhinduka mu buryo bugaragarira amaso, bigatuma turushaho kugenda dusa na Yesu:

Kandi ntimwishushanye n’abiki gihe, ahubwo muhinduke rwose mugize imitima mishya, kugira ngo mumenye neza ibyo Imana ishaka, ari byo byiza bishimwa kandi bitunganye rwose (Rom. 12:2).

Yakobo na we yanditse kuri izo mpinduka ziba mu buzima bw’uwizera:

Mwakirane ubugwaneza ijambo ryatewe muri mwe ribasha gukiza ubugingo bwanyu (Yak. 1:21b).

Umenye ko Yakobo yandikiraga Abakristo–abantu b’imyuka yamaze kuvuka ubwa kabiri. Ariko bari bakeneye ko ubugingo bwabo bukizwa, kandi ibyo bikaba gusa igihe bakiranye ubugwaneza “ijambo ryatewe muri bo.” Iyi ni yo mpamvu abizera bakwiye kwigishwa Ijambo ry’Imana.

Ibisigarira Bya Kamere ya Kera

(The Residue of the Old Nature)

Bakimara kuvuka ubwa kabiri, Abakristo ntibatinda kubona ko aria bantu bafite kamere z’uburyo bubiri, bagahura n’icyo Pawulo yita intambara hagati y'”Umwuka n’umubiri”:

Kuko kamere irarikira ibyo Umwuka yanga, kandi Umwuka yifuza ibyo kamere yanga kuko ibyo bihabanye, ni cyo gituma ibyo mushaka gukora atari byo mukora (Gal. 5:17).

Ibisigarira bya kamere ya kera y’ibyaha biba bigihari ni byo Pawulo yita “kamere.” Izi kamere zombie zikorera muri twe zigira ibyifuzo bitandukanye, kandi bitewe n’uko umuntu ahisemo bibyara ibikorwa n’imyitwarire itandukanye. Reba itandukaniro Pawulo ashyira hagati y'”imirimo ya kamere” n'”imbuto z’Umwuka”:

Dore imirimo ya kamere iragaragara ni iyi: gusambana no gukora ibiteye isoni n’iby’isoni nke, no gusenga ibishushanyo, no kuroga no kwangana no gutongana, n’ishyari n’umujinya n’amahane, no kwitandukanya no kwirema ibice, no kugomanwa no gusinda, n’ibiganiro bibi n’ibindi bias bityo. Ndababwira hakiri kare nk’uko nababwiye kera, yuko abakora ibisa bityo batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Ariko rero imbuto z’Umwuka ni urukundo n’ibyishimo n’amahoro, no kwihangana no kugira neza, n’ingeso nziza no gukiranuka, no kugwa neza no kwirinda. Ibimeze bityo nta mategeko abihana (Gal. 5:19-23).

Biragaragara ko Abakristo bashobora gukurikira kamere; atari ibyo Pawulo ntiyakabaye abihanangiriza ko nibakurikiza imirimo ya kamere batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Pawulo mu rwandiko rwe yandikiye Abaroma, na none yavuze kuri ibyo bintu bibiri bikorera muri buri mukristo kandi ababūrira ku ngaruka zituruka ku gukurikiza kamere:

Niba Kristo aba muri mwe, nubwo umubiri uba upfuye uzize ibyaha, umwuka uba uri muzima kubwo gukiranuka….Nuko rero bene Data, turi mu mwenda ariko si uwa kamere y’imibiri yacu ngo dukurikize ibyayo, kuko niba mukurikiza ibya kamere y’umubiri muzapfa, ariko nimwicisha Umwuka ingeso za kamere muzarama. Abayoborwa n’Umwuka w’Imana bose ni bo bana b’Imana (Rom. 8:10, 12-14).

Aha biragaragara neza ko ari Abakristo babūrirwa. Gukurikiza (ibyo birumvikanisha ko ari ukubikora kenshi) ibya kamere y’umubiri bizana urupfu. Pawulo ashobora kuba yarababūriraga ku rupfu rwo mu mwuka, kuko ubusanzwe amaherezo buri wese apfa mu buryo bw’umubiri, ndetse n’Abakristo “bicisha Umwuka ingeso za kamere y’umubiri.”

Umukristo ashobora kugwa by’akanya gato muri kimwe muri ibi byaha Pawulo avuga hano; ariko iyo uwizera akoze icyaha, yumva ashinjwa mu mutima we kandi ku bw’amahirwe akihana. Kandi nta gushidikanya ko umuntu wese watuye ibyaha bye agasaba Imana imbabazi ababarirwa akezwaho ibyaha bye (reba 1 Yohana 1:9).

Iyo Umukristo akoze icyaha, ntibivuga ko aba akuyeho isano iri hagati ye n’Imana–bivuga ko aba akuyeho ubusabane yari afitanye n’Imana. Aracyari umwana w’Imana, ariko yahindutse umwana utumvira. Iyo uwizera atatuye icyaha cye, aba yihamagarira guhanwa n’Umwami.

Intambara

(The War)

Niba warigeze kumva ushaka gukora ibintu uzi ko ari bibi, ubwo ibyo ni “ibyifuzo bya kamere” wahuye na byo. Nta gushidikanya wumvise na none ko igihe woshywa na kamere gukora nabi, hari ikindi kintu muri wowe imbere kirwanya ayo moshya. Ibyo ni “ibyifuzo by’Umwuka.” Kandi niba ujya wumva umutima ugucira urubanza igihe ugiye kugwa mu moshya mabi, ni ukuvuga ko uzi ijwi ry’umwuka wawe, ari ryo twita “umutima-nama”wacu.

Imana yari izi ko ibyifuzo bya kamere y’umubiri wacu bizatwoshya gukora ibibi. Nyamara ibyo ntitwabyitwaza ngo dukurikize ibyifuzo bya kamere y’umubiri. Imana ikomeza gushaka ko dukora mu kumvira no gukiranuka no gutsinda kamere y’umubiri:

Ndavuga nti, muyoborwe n’Umwuka, kuko ari bwo mutazakora ibyo kamere irarikira (Gal. 5:16).

Nta buryo bw’ibitangaza bwo gutsinda kamere. Pawulo avuga ko nta kindi ko gusa tugomba “kuyoborwa n’Umwuka,” ngo ni bwo “tutazakora ibyo kamere irarikira” (Gal. 5:16). Nta Mukristo ufite amahirwe aruta ay’undi mukristo muri ibyo. Kuyoborwa ni Umwuka nta kindi ni icyemezo buri wese agomba gufata, kandi kugandukira Umwami kwacu bishobora gupimirwa ku rwego tugezaho tudakurikiza ibyifuzo bya kamere.

Na none Pawulo yaranditse ati:

Aba Kristo Yesu babambanye kamere, n’iruba n’irari ryayo (Gal. 5:24).

Urabona ko Pawulo avuga ngo aba Kristo babambye (impitagihe) kamere. Ibyo byabaye igihe twihanaga tukizera Umwami Yesu Kristo. Twabambye kamere y’icyaha, dufata icyemezo cyo kumvira Imana no kurwanya icyaha. Ntabwo ari ukubamba kamere gusa, ahubwo ni ugukomeza kuyibamba.

Ntabwo byoroshye guhora ubambye kamere, ariko birashoboka. Iyo dukurikije uko umuntu w’imbere atuyobora aho gukurikiza ibyifuzo bya kamere y’umubiri, tugaragaza Kristo muri twe kandi tukagendera imbere ye mu gukiranuka.

Kamere y’Umwuka wacu Waremwe bundi bushya

(The Nature of our Recreated Spirits)

Hari ijambo rimwe risobanura neza kamere y’imyuka yacu yongeye kuremwa, iryo jambo ni Kristo. Mu buryo bw’Umwuka Wera, ufite kamere imwe n’iya Yesu, mu by’ukuri kamere ya Yesu iba ituye muri twe imbere. Pawulo yaranditse ati, “Si jye uriho, ahubwo ni Kristo uriho muri jye” (Gal. 2:20).

Bitewe n’uko dufite ubushobozi na kamere ye muri twe, dufite ubushobozi butangaje bwo bwo gushobora kubaho nka Kristo. Mu by’ukuri ntidukeneye urukundo rundi rurenzeho, cyangwa kwihangana, cyangwa kwirinda kundi–dufite uba muri twe wuzuye urukundo, kwihangana, no kwirinda! Icyo dukeneye gusa ni ukumwemerera akadukoreramo.

Nyamara twese dufite umwanzi umwe ukomeye, urwanya kamere ya Yesu muri twe, akayibuza kugaragara muri twe; uwo nta wundi ni kamere y’umubiri wacu. Ntibitangaje kuba Pawulo yaravuze ko tugomba kubamba kamere. Ni twe tugomba kugira icyo dukora ku mibiri yacu, kandi ni uguta igihe usaba Imana kugira icyo ibikoraho. Pawulo, na we, yagiraga ibibazo bya kamere y’umubiri, ariko yakoze ibimureba arayitsinda:

Ahubwo mbabaza umubiri wanjye nywukoza uburetwa, ngo ahari ubwo maze kubwiriza abandi nanjye ubwanjye ntaboneka ko ntemewe (1 Kor. 9:27).

Na we, ugomba gukoresha umubiri wawe uburetwa, ukaba umugaragu w’umwuka wawe niba ushaka kugenda ukora ibyo gukiranuka imberey’Uwiteka. Ushobora kubikora!

 

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[1] Kuko Yohana avuga ko uyu ari wo “muzuko wa mbere,” bituma ttwizera ko nta yindi mizuko ya rusange iri imbere y’uyu. Kuko uyu muzuko ubaho ku mpera za bya byago bikomeye bizatera isi yose Yesu agarutse, bivuguruza cya gitekerezo cyo kuvuga ko Itorero rizazamurwa mbere y’ibyo byago by’itotezwa rikomeye, kuko tuzi ko hazaba kuzuka kw’abantu benshi icyarimwe Yesu ubwo azaba agarutse aje mu bicu aje kujyana Itorero nk’uko 1 Thes. 4:13-17 havuga. Uzabyiga neza ku buryo bunonosoye mu kindi gice kitwa Ibihe by’Imperuka.

[2] Ushaka gusesengura kurushaho ibyerekeye iby’umuzuko wareba Dan. 12:1-2; Yohana 11:23-26; Ibyak 24:14-15; 1 Kor. 15:1-57.

Ushobora gutungurwa no kumenya ko Yesu yari afite umuvugabutumwa akunda. Wanatungurwa kurushaho ko umuvugabutumwa Yesu yakundaga atari Umuluteri, Umumetodiste, Umupantekoti, Umwangilikani, cyangwa Umuperesebuteriyani. Ahubwo yari Umubatista! Tumuzi ku izina rya Yohani Umubatiza, nyine nawe urabyumva! Yesu yamuvuzeho ati,

Ndababwira ukuri yuko mu babyawe n’abagore hatigeze kubaho umuntu uruta Yohana Umubatiza (Mat. 11:11a).

Ubwo rero kuko abantu bose “babyarwa n’abagore”, ni ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga ko, kubwa Yesu, Yohana Umubatiza ari we muntu ukomeye cyane mu babayeho bose. Kuba Yesu ari uko yabyumvise ni ikintu cyo kwibazaho. Nyamara umuntu yaba ashyize mu gaciro avuze ko icyatumye Yesu ashyira Yohana hejuru cyane ari ukubera ibyiza Yohana yari afite by’umwuka.Niba ari uko bimeze, byaba byiza twize tugasesengura ibyo bintu byiza by’umwuka ndetse tukanabyigana.Nabonye nibura ibintu birindwi by’umwuka byiza muri Yohana Umubatiza bikwiriye gushimwa. N’ubwo umurimo wa Yohana ugaragara cyane mu ivugabutumwa, ibi bintu byose uko ari birindwi bikwiriye umukozi w’Imana wese wahamagariwe ubutumwa bwiza.Reka tubanze turebe icya mbere muri ibyo birindwi.

Icyiza cya mbere cya Yohana

(John’s First Quality)

Ibi ni byo Yohana yahamije, ubwo Abayuda bamutumagaho abatambyi n’Abalewi, bavanywe i Yerusalemu no kumubaza bati, “Uri nde?” Nuko ntiyabahisha ahubwo araberurira ati,”Sijye Kristo.” Nuko baramubaza bati,”Tubwire, uri Eliya?” Na we ati,”Sindi we.” Bati,”Uri wa muhanuzi?”Arabasubiza ati,”Oya.” Baramubaza bati, “None se uri nde ngo dusubize abadutumye?Wowe wiyita nde? ” Ati, “Ndi ijwi ry’urangururira mu butayu ngo,’Nimugorore inzira y’Uwiteka,’ nk’uko umuhanuzi Yesaya yabivuze” (Yohana 1:19-23).

Yohana yari azi umuhamagaro we kandi yarawukomeje.

Ni iby’ingenzi cyane ko abakozi b’Imana bamenya imihamagaro yabo kandi bakayikurikirana. Niba uri umuvugabutumwa ntukagerageze kuba umupastori. Niba uri umwigisha ntukagerageze kuba umuhanuzi. Naho ubundi uzahura n’ingorane gusa.

Umenya ute umuhamagaro wawe? Ubwa mbere, mu gushaka mu maso h’Imana, yo yaguhamagaye. Ubwa kabiri, mu kwitegereza impano zawe. Niba Imana yaraguhamagariye umurimo w’ivugabutumwa, iguha n’ibyangombwa bikwiriye uwo murimo. Ubwa gatatu, ni mu guhamirizwa n’abandi babona neza impano ufite.

Igihe umaze kumenya umuhamagaro wawe, ugomba kuwukurikirana, ukawitangamo n’umutima wawe wose, ntugire ikintu na kimwe ukundira ko kikwitambika imbere. Benshi bategereza ko Imana iza igakora ibyo ibategerejeho gukora. Ntabwo Nowa yategereje ko Imana ari yo iza ngo ibaze inkuge!

Byaravuzwe ko umurimo w’Imana ari UGUKORA nyine. Byanze bikunze satani azagerageza kukubuza gusohoza umuhamagaro wawe, ariko ugomba kumurwanya ugakomeza imbere mu kwizera. N’ubwo Bibiliya itabitubwira, ariko ntitwashidikanya ko Yohana hari umunsi umwe yabanje gutangira abwiriza mu bice bituranye na Yorodani. Nta gushidikanya ko abantu yatangiye abwiriza bari bake cyane kurusha abo yaje kujya abwiriza nyuma. Ushobora kwemera udashidikanya ko abantu bamugiraga urwamenyo kandi ko yahuye no kurenganywa. Ariko ntiyigeze acogora ngo abireke. Intego ye yari ugushimisha Imana ye yamuhamagaye muri uwo murimo. Amaherezo yaranesheje.

Ikintu cyiza cya mbere cyo mu buryo bw’umwuka kuri Yohana kwiganwa ni iki: Yohana yari azi umuhamagaro we kandi yarawukurikiranye.

Icyiza cya kabiri cya Yohana

(John’s Second Quality)

Icyo gihe Yohana Umubatiza araza, yigishiriza mu butayu bw’i Yudaya ati, “Mwihane kuko ubwami bwo mu ijuru buri hafi” (Mat. 3:1-2).

Biragaragara cyane ko Yesu yemeraga cyane ubutumwa bworoheje bwa Yohana, kuko na we yabwirizaga ubutumwa nka bwo aho yajyaga hose (reba Mat. 4:17). Yohana yahamagariraga abantu kwihana–guhindukira bakava mu buzima bw’ibyaha bakajya mu buzima bwo gukiranuka. Yari azi ko ubusabane n’Imana butangirana no kwihana, kandi ko abatihana bazatabwa muri gehinomu.

Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubw’abavugabutumwa benshi cyane bo muri iki gihe, Yohana nta na rimwe yigeze avuga urukundo rw’Imana. Nta na rimwe kadi yigeze avuga ku “byo abantu bakeneye” nk’uburyo bwo kubahatira gusenga isengesho ryo “kwemera/kwakira Yesu” ngo kugira ngo batangire kugira “ubugingo busagutse.” Ntabwo yigeze afasha abantu kwizera ko ubusanzwe ari bantu beza Imana ishaka kujyana mu ijuru ngo baramutse gusa bamenye ko agakiza katava ku mirimo. Ahubwo yababonaga nk’uko Imana yababonaga–ibyigomeke biri mu kaga ko kuzahura n’ingaruka z’iteka ryose kubera ibyaha byabo. Yababuriye ku mugaragaro ku bw’umujinya uzatera. Yakoraga ku buryo bumva neza ko niba badahinduye imitima yabo n’iibikorwa byabo, nta kabuza bazarimbuka.

Nuko rero icyiza cya kabiri Yohana yari afite gikwiriye kwiganwa na buri mukozi w’Imana wese uhindura abantu abigishwa ni iki: Yohana yamamazaga ko kwihana ari yo ntambwe ya mbere mu busabane n’Imana.

Icyiza cya gatatu cya Yohana

(John’s Third Quality)

Yohana uwo yari yambaye umwambaro w’ubwoya bw’ingamiya, abukenyeje umushumi, ibyokurya bye byari inzige n’ubuki bw’ubuhura (Mat. 3:4).

Nta gushidikanya ko Yohana Atari afite ishusho y’abavugabutumwa b’ikigihe bavuga “ubutumwa bwo gutunga”. Mu by’ukuri nta n’ubwo bo bakwemera ko umuntu nka Yohana ahagarara kuri alitari y’insengero zabo, kuko ntiyari yambaye mu buryo bugaragara nk’ubw’umuntu wageze kuri bwa bukire no gutera imbere bigisha. Nyamara Yohana we yari umuntu w’Imana koko udakurikiranye ubukire bw’isi cyangwa ngo ashake gutangarirwa n’abantu kubera uko agaragara inyuma, kuko yari azi ko Imana ireba umutima. Yabagaho mu buryo bworoheje, kandi imyifatire ye nta n’umwe yasitazaga, kuko babonaga ko icyo agamije atari amafaranga. Bihabanye cyane n’iby’abakozi b’Imana benshi bo muri iki gihe ku isi yose, bakoresha ubutumwa bwiza ariko icyo bashyize imbere cyane cyane ari ukwibonera indamu. Kandi uko berekana Yesu mu buryo butari bwo, ni ko bangiza cyane umurimo wa Kristo..

Icyiza cya gatatu cya Yohana cyatumaga aba umuvugabutumwa Yesu akunda ni iki: Yohana yabagaho mu buryo bworoheje.

Icyiza cya Kane cya Yohana

(John’s Fourth Quality)

Nuko abwira [Yohana] iteraniro ry’abantu benshi bari baje kubatizwa na we ati, “Mwa bana b’incira mwe, ni nde wababuriye ngo muhunge umujinya uzatera? Ngaho nimwere imbuto zikwiriye abihannye, kandi ntimutangire kwibwira muti, ‘Ko dufite Aburahamu akaba ari we sogokuruza,’ ndababwira yuko ndetse Imana ibasha guhindurira Aburahamu abana muri aya mabuye” (Luka 3:7-8).

Igihe umurimo wa Yohana wari utangiye kugenda waguka abantu biyongera, biragaragara ko atahinduye ubutumwa ngo atangire kuvuga ibinezeza abantu gusa. Yohana ahubwo birasa nk’aho yari atangiye kugira amakenga ku mpamvu z’ukuri zizana abantu kubatizwa, amaze kubona ko ari ibintu bibaye nk’ibigezweho gusa. N’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bafataga urugendo bakaza kuri Yorodani (reba Mat. 3:7). Yari afite impungenge z’uko abenshi ari ugukurikira igihiriri gusa. Nuko rero bigatuma akora uko ashoboye kugira ngo batishuka, agakuraho ikintu cyose cyatiza umurindi uko kwishuka kwabo. Ntiyashakaga ko hari n’umwe wakwibwira ko kubatizwa gusa bihagije kugira ngo abone agakiza, cyangwa ko uwo muhango wo kwihana gusa ushobora kumurinda kujya muri gehinomu. Yabihanangirije ababwira ko kwihana nyakuri kugendana n’imbuto zo kumvira.

Byongeye kandi, bitewe n’uko Abayuda benshi bibwiraga ko bakijijwe ku bwo gukomoka kuri Aburahamu mu buryo bw’umubiri, Yohana yabakuriye inzira ku murima kubw’ibyo byiringiro bidafite ishingiro.

Icyiza cya kane cya Yohana cyo gushimwa ni iki: Yakundaga abantu cyane ku buryo yababwiraga ukuri. Nta na rimwe yashoboraga guha ibyiringiro umuntu udashaka kwihana, udakiranuka, ngo amwizeze ko ari mu nzira ijya mu ijuru.

Icyiza cya gatanu cya Yohana

(John’s Fifth Quality)

Yohana ntiyashoboraga kubatiza umuntu utagaragaza ubushake bwo kwihana, ntiyashoboraga no kugira umuntu n’umwe ashyigikira mu kwibeshya kwe. Yabatizaga abantu “batuye ibyaha byabo” (Mat. 3:6). Akaburira abaje bamusanga ati:

Ndetse ubu intorezo igezwe ku bishyitsi by’ibiti, nuko igiti cyose kitera imbuto nziza kizacibwa, kijugunywe mu muriro …. Intara ye iri mu kuboko kwe kandi azeza imbuga ye cyane, amasaka ye azayahunika mu kigega, ariko umurama wo azawucanisha umuriro utazima (Mat. 3:10, 12).

Yohana ntiyatinyaga kubwira abantu ukuri ku byerekeye gehinomu, ikintu gikunze kwirindwa cyane n’abavugabutumwa bagerageza guharanira gukundwa n’abantu cyane aho guharanira kwinjiza abantu benshi mu bwami bw’Imana. Kandi ntabwo Yohana ntiyaretse kwigisha abantu kuri ya nsanganyamatsiko twabonye mu nyigisho ya Yesu yo ku musozi–abakiranutsi gusa ni bo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Abatera imbuto bazajugunywa mu muriro.

Iyo Yohana aza kuba ariho muri iki gihe, nta gushidikanya ko yari kwitwa amazina n’abitwa ko ari abakristo benshi “umuvugabutumwa w’umuriro wa gehinomu n’amazuku,” “umuhanuzi w’ibyago n’amakuba,” “utitaye ku byo abantu bakeneye,” cyangwa ibibi kurushaho bati, “wa wundi utagira icyiza abona,” “ucira abantu ho iteka,” “umunyamigenzo” cyangwa “uwigira umukiranutsi.” Nyamara Yohana ni we muvugabutumwa Yesu yemeraga. Icyiza cye cya gatanu: Yohana yabwirizaga ibya gehinomu kandi akagaragaza neza abantu bari mu nzira ijyayo. Igishimishije ni uko Luka yise ubutumwa bwa Yohana “ubutumwa bwiza” (Luke 3:18).

Icyiza cya gatandatu cya Yohana

(John’s Sixth Quality)

Nubwo Yohana yakoreshwaga n’Imana mu buryo bukomeye cyane kandi akaba icyamamare cyane kandi agakundwa na benshi, yari azi ko ntacyo ari cyo umugereranije na Yesu, nuko rero muri ubwo buryo ahesha Umwami we ikuzo:

Jyeweho ndababatirisha amazi ngo mwihane, ariko uzaza hanyuma yanjye andusha ubushobozi, ntibinkwiriye no kumutwaza inkweto. Ni we uzababatirisha Umwuka Wera n’umuriro (Mat. 3:11).

Mbega ukuntu Yohana yivuga bitandukanye cyane n’ubwirasi bukunze kumvikana kenshi ku “bakozi b’Imana” bo muri iki gihe cyacu! Ibinyamakuru by’amatorero yabo biba birimo amafoto yabo kuri buri rupapuro, mu gihe Yesu bamuvugaho gato cyane. Bagenda bakimbagira nk’imisambi yirata ubwiza batambagira kuri altari z’insengero zabo, bishyira hejuru bivuga ibigwi imbere y’abayoboke babo. Ntibakorwaho ntabegerwa, buzuye ubwibone. Bamwe ahubwo usanga bategeka n’Imana n’abamalayika! Nyamara Yohana we yumvaga ko bitanamukwiriye gupfundura udushumi tw’inkweto za Yesu, kandi uwo wari umurimo ukorwa n’umugaragu w’imbata wo hasi cyane. Yabanje kwanga kubatiza Yesu igihe yari aje amusanga ngo amubatize, ariko aho amariye kumenya ko Yesu ari we Kristo, yahereye ko amwerekezaho byose, avuga ko ari we “Mwana w’intama w’Imana ukuraho ibyaha by’abari mu isi” (Yohana1: 29). “Uwo akwiriye gukuzwa, naho jye nkwiriye kwicisha bugufi” (Yohana 3:30) ihinduka intero n’inyikirizo ye yo kwiyoroshya.

Iki ni cyo kintu cyiza cya gatandatu cya Yohana cyatumye aba umuvugabutumwa Yesu akunda cyane: Yohana yicishaga bugufi agashyira Yesu hejuru. Ntabwo yari akeneye ikuzo yihaye ubwe.

Icyiza cya Yohana cya Karindwi

(John’s Seventh Quality)

Abavugabutumwa benshi b’iki gihe bavuga ibintu bitumvikana bavugira muri rusange ibintu bibaho ngo kugira ngo batagira uwo bakomeretsa. Mbega ukuntu byoroshye kubwiriza ngo, “Imana irashaka ko dukora ibitunganye!” Abakristo bose baba ab’ukuri cyangwa ab’ibinyoma bavugira rimwe ngo “Amen” ku butumwa nk’ubwo. Abavugabutumwa benshi na none biraborohera gukomeza kwivugira gusa ku byaha by’agahomamunwa bikorwa mu isi, bakirinda kugira icyo bavuga ku byaha nk’ibyo bikorerwa mu Itorero. Urugero, usanga basakuza cyane bamagana amasinema y’ubusambanyi, ariko ntibatinyuke kugira icyo bavuga ku ma video n’ama DVD yuzuye ibintu by’ubusambanyi arebwa n’abayoboke babo. Bamaze kugwa mu mutego wo gutinya umwana w’umuntu.

Yohana, nyamara we ariko, ntiyashidikanyaga mu kubwiriza ubutumwa adomaho urutoki. Luka arabivuga:

Abantu baramubaza bati, “None se tugire dute? Arabasubiza ati, ” Ufite imyenda ibiri umwe awuhe utawufite n’ufite ibyo kurya nagire atyo na we.” N’abakoresha b’ikoro na bo baje ngo babatizwe baramubaza bati, “Mwigisha tugire dute?” Arabasubiza ati, “Ntimukake abantu ibiruta ibyo mwategetswe.” N’abasirikare na bo baramubaza bati, “Natwe tugire dute?” Arabasubiza ati, “Ntimukagire umuntu muhongesha cyangwa ngo mumurege ibinyoma, kandi ibihembo byanyu bibanyure” (Luka 3:10-14).

Biratangaje ukuntu bitanu mu bisubizo bitandatu bitaziguye bya Yohana byerekeye amafaranga cyangwa ibintu. Yohana ntiyatinyaga kubwiriza ku byerekeye kuba umwizerwa mu gucunga neza umutungo nk’uko bifitanye isano n’itegeko rya kabiri rikomeye. Kandi nta nubwo Yohana yategerezaga imyaka myinshi ngo abone kwigisha “abizera” bashya inyigisho nk’izo “ziremereye”. Yizeraga ko bidashoboka gukorera Imana na mamoni, bityo rero ibyo kuba igisonga cyiza ni iby’ingenzi cyane kubyigishwa kuva mu ntangiriro.

Ibi bizana indi ngingo. Yohana ntiyataga umwanya we ku tuntu duto, ngo ahore avuga ku by’imyambarire n’ibindi bintu byo gukiranuka gushingiye ku bigaragara by’inyuma. Yibandaga ku “bintu bifite agaciro cyane mu mategeko” (Mat. 23:23). Yari azi ko iby’ingenzi ari ugukunda mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda kandi ukagirira abandi ibyo washaka ko bakugirira nawe. Ni ukuvuga gusangira ibyo kurya byawe n’abatabifite ukambika abambaye ubusa, ukabana n’abandi neza mu bunyangamugayo, kandi ukanyurwa n’ibyo ufite.

Iki ni cyo cyiza cya karindwi cyatumaga Yohana atona kuri Yesu: Ntiyabwirizaga mu rujijo avugira ibintu muri rusange, ahubwo yavugaga mu buryo butomoye ibintu abantu bakwiye gukora kugira ngo bashimishe Imana, ndetse n’ibintu bijyanye no kuba igisonga cyiza. Kandi yibandaga ku bintu by’ingenzi cyane.

Mu gusōza

In Conclusion

Birumvikana ko umurimo w’umupastori cyangwa umwigisha wari ukwiye kugira byinshi ukoraho kurusha uwa Yohana. Yohana yabwirizaga abantu batihannye ibyaha. Abapastori n’abigisha bo baba bigisha abamaze kwihana. Kwigisha kwabo gushingiye ku bintu Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be kandi byanditse mu nzandiko ziri mu Isezerano Rishya.

Nyamara akenshi tunanirwa kumenya neza abo tubwira abo ari bo, kandi bisa nk’aho muri iki gihe abanyabyaha kenshi babwirizwa nk’ibyakabwirijwe abera/abakiranutsi. Kuba umuntu yaje akicara mu rusengero, ntibivuga ko akazi kacu ubwo ari ako kumwizeza ko yakijijwe, cyane cyane iyo nta tandukaniro hagati y’imyifatire yabo n’iy’ab’isi. Muri iki gihe hakenewe cyane miliyoni nyinshi za ba “Yohana Umubatiza” kugira ngo babwirize mu nsengero. Mbese wahaguruka ugahangana n’icyo kibazo? Mbese waba umwe mu bavugabutumwa Yesu yishimira?

Kubwo gushaka guhindura abantu abigishwa, abigisha kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse byose, umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa ashishikazwa cyane no gusobanukirwa inyigisho ya Yesu yigishirije ku musozi avuga abahiriwe abo ari bo. Nta yindi nyigisho ndende cyane nk’iyo mu zo Yesu yigishije zanditswe, kandi yuzuyemo amategeko yatanze. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa azihatira kumvira no kwigisha ibyo Yesu yategetse byose muri iyo nyigisho.

Ubwo bimeze bityo ngiye kuvuga icyo numva muri iyo nyigoisho iri muri Matayo ibice 5-7. Ndashishikariza abakozi b’Imana kwigisha abigishwa babo iyo nyigisho yo ku musozi umurongo ku wundi. Nizere ko ibyo nanditse bizatanga umusanzu muri ubwo buryo.

Hepho hari urutonde rw’ibika bigize iyo nyigisho, nko kwerekana neza muri make insanganyamatsiko z’ingenzi ziyigize.

I.) Yesu yegerenya abari bamuteze amatwi (5:1-2)

II.) Intangiriro (5:3-20)

A.) Ibiranga abahiriwe n’imigisha bahabwa (5:3-12)

B.) Akangurira abantu gukomeza kuba umunyu n’umucyo (5:13-16)

C.) Aho amategeko ahuriye n’abayoboke ba Kristo (5:17-20)

III.) Inyigisho: Mukiranuke kurusha abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (5:21-7:12)

A). Mukundane, bitari nk’iby’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (5:21-26)

B.) Mwirinde ubusambanyi, bitandukanye n’iby’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (5:27-32)

C.) Mube inyangamugayo, ntimumere nk’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (5:33-37)

D.) Ntimukihorere, nk’uko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bagira (5:38-42)

E.) Ntimukange abanzi banyu, nk’uko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bagenza (5:43-48)

F.) Mukore ibyiza musunitswe n’impamvu nziza, bitari nk’iby’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (6:1-18)

1.) Mufashe abakene mubitewe n’impamvu nzima (6:2-4)

2.) Musenge mubitewe n’impamvu nyazo (6:5-6)

3.) Ibyerekeye gusenga no kubabarira (6:7-15)

a.) Amabwiriza yerekeye gusenga (6:7-13)

b.) Impamvu kubabarirana ari ngombwa (6:8-15)

4.) Mwiyirize ubusa mubitewe n’impamvu nyazo (6:16-18)

G.) Ntimukabe abagaragu b’amafaranga nk’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo (6:19-34)

H.) Ntimugakurikirane udukosa duto twa bene So (7:1-5)

I.) Ntimugate igihe cyanyu mugeza ukuri ku bantu batabyumva ngo bamenye ubwiza bwabyo (7:6)

J.) Ashishikariza abantu gusenga (7:7-11)

IV.) Umusozo: Inyigisho yose mu ncamake.

A.) Ijambo ry’incamake y’inyigisho (7:12)

B.) Ategeka kumvira (7:13-14)

C.) Uko umuntu yamenya abahanuzi b’ibinyoma n’abizera bayobye (7:15-23)

D.) Arangiza aburira abantu ku kaga ko kutumvira kandi avuga mu ncamake ibyo yigishije (7:24-27)

Yesu yiyegereza abamuteze amatwi

(Jesus Gathers His Audience)

Abonye abantu benshi azamuka umusozi, amaze kwicara abigishwa be baramwegera. Aterura amagambo ati (Mat. 5:1-2).

Birasa nk’aho Yesu yabikoze abishaka, agambiriye kugabanya ubwinshi bw’abari bamuteze amatwi, maze azamuka ku musozi yitarura “abantu benshi”. Hanyuma turabwirwa ngo “abigishwa be baramwegera,” bishatse nko kwerekana ko abari bafite inyota yo kumutega amatwi bonyine ari bo bagize ishyaka ryo kwiyemeza na bo bagahumagira bazamuka umusozi bakamusanga aho yicaye. Birasa nk’aho bari bake rwose; muri 7:28 bitwa “abantu benshi”.

Nuko Yesu atangira inyigisho ye, abwira abigishwa be, kandi agitangira umuntu ahita acishiriza akabona icyo insanganyamatsiko y’inyigisho ye iri bube cyo. Akababwira ko bazaba bahiriwe nibagira ibintu runaka bibaranga, kuko ibyo bintu bigirwa n’abarimo bajya mu ijuru. Iyo ni yo nsanganyamatsiko rusange muri iyo nyigisho–Abera mu ngeso zabo ni bo gusa bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Kwerekana abahiriwe abo ari bo nk’uko umutwe w’amagambo ari muri 5:3-12 ukunze kwitwa ni yo nsanganyamatsiko.

Yesu yashyize ku rutonde ibimenyetso bitandukanye biranga abantu bahiriwe, kandi atanga n’amasezerano y’imigisha yihariye kuri bo. Abadakunze gusoma Bibiliya bagasoma bacisha hejuru, akenshi usanga bibwira ko buri mukristo agomba kwisanga mu cyiciro kimwe gusa cy’abahiriwe. Nyamara abasomana ubushishozi babona ko Yesu atavugaga ibyiciro bitandukanye by’abizera bazahabwa imigisha y’uburyo bunyuranye, ahubwo ni abizera bose nyakuri bazahabwa umugisha umwe ukubiyemwo iyindi yose: kuzaragwa ubwami bw’ijuru. Nta bundi buryo bw’ubuhanga bwo gusobanura amagambo ye:

Hahirwa abakene mu mitima yabo, kuko ubwami bwo mu ijuru ari ubwabo.

Hahirwa abashavura, kuko ari bo bazahozwa.

Hahirwa abagwaneza, kuko ari bo bazahabwa isi.

Hahirwa abafite inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka, kuko ari bo bazahazwa.

Hahirwa abanyambabazi, kuko ari bo bazazigirirwa.

Hahirwa ab’imitima iboneye, kuko ari bo bazabona Imana.

Hahirwa abakiranura, kuko ari bo bazitwa abana b’Imana.

Hahirwa abarenganyirijwe gukiranuka, kuko ubwami bwo mu ijuru ari ubwabo.

Namwe muzahirwa ubwo bazabatuka bakabarenganya, bakababeshyera ibibi byinshi babampora. Muzanezerwe, muzishime cyane kuko ingororano zanyu ari nyinshi mu ijuru, kuko ari ko barenganyije abahanuzi ba mbere (Mat. 5:3-12).

Imigisha n’ibimenyetso biranga abahiriwe

(The Blessings and Character Traits)

Reka tubanze turebe imigisha yasezeranijwe. Yesu yavuze ko abahiriwe (1) bazaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru, (2) ko bazahozwa, (3) ko bazahabwa isi, (4) ko bazahazwa, (5) ko bazagirirwa imbabazi, (6) ko bazabona Imana, (7) ko bazitwa abana b’Imana, kandi (8) ko bazaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru (icyambere gisubiwemo ubwa kabiri).

Mbese Yesu ashaka ko twumva ko abazaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru ari abakene mu mitima yabo hamwe n’abarenganyirizwa gukiranuka gusa? Ab’imitima iboneye gusa ni bo bazabona Imana maze n’abakiranura abe ari bo gusa bazitwa abana b’Imana ariko ntibaragwe ubwami bwo mu ijuru? Mbese abakiranura ntibazagirirwa imbabazi cyangwa se abagira imbabazi bo ntibazitwa abana b’Imana? Birumvikana ko ibi byose byaba ari imyanzuro ipfuye. Nuko rero, umwanzuro muzima ni uko iyi migisha yose ikubiye mu mugisha umwe ukomeye cyane–kuragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru.

Noneho reka turebe ibiranga abahiriwe Yesu yavuze: (1) abakene mu mutima, (2) abashavura, (3) abagwaneza, (4) abafite inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka, (5) abanyambabazi, (6) ab’imitima iboneye, (7) abakiranura, n’ (8) abarenganywa.

Mbse Yesu arashaka ko twumva ko umuntu ashobora kugira umutima uboneye ariko ntabe umunyambabazi? Mbese umuntu yaba arenganyirizwa gukiranuka ariko akaba adafite inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka? Na none turabona ko bidashoboka. Ibimenyetso byinshi bitandukanye biranga abahiriwe, bifite uko bihuriweho n’abahiriwe bose.

Biragaragara neza ko iyi nyigisho ya Yesu yerekana abahiriwe abo ari bo igaragaza ibiranga abayoboke be nyakuri. Yesu atondagurira abigishwa be ibiranga abahiriwe, yabemezaga ko ari bo bantu bahiriwe bakijijwe kandi ari bo umunsi umwe bazaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru. Muri iki gihe cya none bashobora kutabona ko bahiriwe bitewe n’imibabaro bafite, ndetse n’isi ibitegereza ishobora kutabafata nk’abahiriwe, ariko mu maso y’Imana ni abanyamugisha..

Abantu badafite ibyo byangombwa Yesu yavuze ntabwo bahiriwe kandi ntibazaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru. Buri mupastori wese uhindura abantu abigishwa yumva ahatirwa kureba neza ko abantu bo mu mukumbi we bazi neza ibyo bintu.

Ibiranga Abahiriwe

(The Character Traits of the Blessed)

Ibintu umunani biranga abahiriwe, hari urwego bishobora gusobanurwamo.Urugero, mbese kuba “umukene mu mutima” ni iki cyiza kibirimo? Ntekereza ko Yesu yavugaga ikintu cya mbere cya ngombwa kigomba kuranga ujya gukizwa–agomba kubanza akimenyaho ubukene bwo mu mutima afite. Umuntu agomba kubona ko akeneye Umukiza mbere y’uko akizwa, kandi mu bari bateze Yesu amatwi hari harimo abantu nk’abo bamaze kubona akaga barimo. Mbega ukuntu bari bahiriwe ubagereranyije n’abibone bo muri Isirayeli abo amaso yabo yari ahumye badashobora kubona ibyaha byabo!

Ikiranga abahiriwe cya mbere ni uko nta kantu ko kumva ko bakwiriye, bihagije, cyangwa igitekerezo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo kumva ko agakiza ari akabo nta kabuza. Umuntu uhiriwe nyakuri ni wa wundi wumva neza ko ntacyo afite yaha Imana kandi ko gukiranuka kwe guhwanye “n’ubushwambagara bufite ibizinga” (Yes. 64:6).

Yesu ntiyashakaga ko hari umuntu wakwibwira ko imbaraga ze gusa ubwazo zamugeza ku biranga abahiriwe. Oya, abantu bahabwa umugisha, bishaka kuvuga ko, bahabwa umugisha n’Imana mu gihe bujuje ibyangombwa biranga abahiriwe. Byose bishingiye ku buntu bw’Imana. Abahiriwe Yesu yavugaga bari bahiriwe bidatewe gusa n’ibibategereje mu ijuru, ariko bitewe n’umurimo Imana yakoze mu bugingo bwabo ku isi. Mu gihe mbonye ikintu kiranga uhiriwe mu bugingo bwanjye, ntibikwiye kunyibutsa ibyo nakoze jyewe, ahubwo bikwiye kunyibutsa icyo Imana yakoze mu bugingo bwanjye ku bw’ubuntu bwayo.

Abashavura

(The Mournful)

Niba icyambere kiranga abahiriwe kiri ku numero ya mbere bitewe n’uko ari cyo cya mbere cy’ingenzi mu biranga abajya mu ijuru, birashoboka ko n’icya kabiri gifite uwo mwanya bitewe no gukomera kwacyo: “Hahirwa abashavura” (Mat. 5:4). Mbese Yesu yaba yaravugaga kwihana bivuye ku mutima no kwicuza gukomeye? Ni ko nibwira cyane cyane ko Ibyanditswe bivuga ko agahinda ko mu buryo bw’Imana gatera kwihana kandi uko kwihana ni ukwa ngombwa cyane kugira ngo agakiza kabeho (2 Kor. 7:10). Wa mukoresha w’ikoro Yesu yavuze wari ushavuye yicuza ni urugero rwiza rw’umuntu uhiriwe. Yicishije bugufi cyane yubika umutwe we, yikubita mu gituza atakira Imana ngo imubabarire. Nyamara umufarisayo wari umuri hafi we si uko byari bimeze asenga, mu bwibone bwinshi yibutsaga Imana ko atanga kimwe mu icumi mu byo yungutse byose kandi ko yiyiriza ubusa kabiri mu cyumweru; wa mukoresha w’ikoro yatashye ababariwe ibyaha bye. Muri iyo nkuru, umukoresha w’ikoro ni we uhirwa ntabwo ari umufarisayo (Luka 18:9-14). Ndakeke ko mu bari bateze amatwi Yesu hari abari bafite agahinda mu mutima barimo kurira bitewe no kwemezwa n’Umwuka Wera. Mu kanya gato bendaga guhozwa n’Umwuka Wera!

Niba Yesu ataravugaga agahinda umuntu wihana bwa mbere agira aza kuri Yesu, wenda yavugaga agahinda abizera nyakuri bagira bagatewe no guhora babona ukuntu ab’isi bakomeza gutera umugongo Imana ibakunda.Pawulo yabivuze muri aya magambo ati “yuko mfite agahinda kenshi n’umubabaro udatuza mu mutima wanjye”(Rom. 9:2).

Abagwa neza

(The Gentle)

Icya gatatu kiranga abahirwa ni ubugwaneza; icyo na none tugisanga mu Byanditswe ku rutonde rw’imbuto z’Umwuka (Gal. 5:22-23). Ubugwaneza ntabwo ari ikintu umuntu yihangishaho.Abakiriye ubuntu bw’Imana kandi Umwuka Wera akabaturamo banahawe umugisha wo guhindurwa abagwaneza. Umunsi umwe bazaragwa isi, kuko abakiranutsi ari bo bonyine bazatura mu isi nshya Imana izarema. Abakristo b’umwaga n’urugomo bararye bari manga.Ntibari mu mubare w’abahirwa.

Inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka

(Hungering for Righteousness)

Ikiranga abahirwa cya kane, inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka,kivuga kwifuza kw’imbere mu mutima kuva ku Mana buri muntu wese wavutse bwa kabiri agira.Ababazwa cyane no gukiranirwa kose gukorerwa mu isi n’ugusigaye muri we ubwe.Yanga icyaha (Zab. 97:10; 119:128, 163) agakunda gukiranuka.

Kenshi cyane, iyo dusomye ijambo gukiranuka mu Byanditswe, duhera ko twumva ko rishaka kuvuga , “gukiranuka kuzima duhabwa na Kristo,” ariko si cyo iryo jambo buri gihe rishatse kuvuga. Akenshi rishatse kuvuga,”Kugira imyifatire myiza yo gukiranuka ku rugero rushimwa n’Imana.” Biragaragara neza ko ari cyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga hano, kuko nta mpamvu umukristo yagira inzara n’inyota y’icyo yamaze gushyikira. Ababyawe n’Umwuka bifuza cyane kubaho bakiranuka, kandi bafite isezerano ry’uko “bazahazwa” (Mat. 5:6), ni ukuri koko Imana, ku bw’ubuntu bwayo, izasōza umurimo yatangiye muri bo (Fili. 1:6).

Amagambo ya Yesu hano kandi ahanura iby’igihe cy’isi nshya “iyo gukiranuka kuzabamo”(2 Pet. 3:13). Aho nta cyaha kizabayo.Umuntu wese azaba akunda Imana n’umutima we wose kandi akunda na mugenzi we nk’uko yikunda.Twebwe abazi inzara n’inyota yo gukiranuka icyo gihe tuzahazwa.Noneho amaherezo isengesho dusenga dukuye ku mutima rizaba rishubijwe rwose, “Ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi nk’uko biba mu ijuru” (Mat. 6:10).

Abanyambabazi

(The Merciful)

Icya gatanu kiranga abahirwa, kugira imbabazi, na cyo ni ikintu buri muntu wese wavutse bwa kabiri agira ku bw’uko Imana y’imbabazi iba ituye muri we. Abatagira imbabazi ntibahabwa umugisha n’Imana kandi berekana ko badafite umugabane ku buntu bwayo. Intumwa Yakobo akabivugaho atya ati: “kuko utagira imbabazi atazababarirwa mu rubanza” (Yak. 2:13).Mbese umuntu ahagaze imbere y’Imana agacirwa urubanza rutababarira, urumva yajya mu ijuru cyangwa mu muriro?[1] Igisubizo kiragaragara.

Yesu yigeze guca umugani wagiriwe imbabazi na shebuja, ariko we yanga kugirira imbabazi na nkeya umugaragu mugenzi we. Igihe shebuja yaje kumenya ibyabaye, “yamuhaye abamwica urubozo (torturers) kugeza ubwo azamarira kwishyura umwenda wose” (Mat 18:34). Wa mwenda wose yari yababariwe mbere wongeye kumubarwaho. Nuko Yesu aburira abigishwa be ati “Na Data wo mu ijuru ni ko azabagira, nimutababarira umuntu wese mwene so mubikuye ku mutima” (Mat. 18:35).Nuko rero kwanga kubabarira mwene so muri Kristo ugusaba imbabazi bituma ibyaha byawe bya kera byari byarababariwe bisubira kukubarwaho.Ibyo bituma uhabwa abakwica urubozo kugeza umaze kwishyura umwenda utazigera ushobora kwishyura. Aho jye ntabwo numva ko ari mu ijuru uzaba ubabarizwa. Na none abantu batagira imbabazi biragaragara ko na bo batazahabwa imbabazi n’Imana.

Ntibari mu mubare w’abahirwa.

Ab’imitima iboneye

(The Pure in Heart)

Icya gatandatu kiranga abajya mu ijuru ni ukubonera k’umutima. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubw’abandi bose bitwa abakristo, abayoboke ba Kristo bo ntabwo ari ishusho yo kwera igaragara inyuma gusa.Ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana imitima yabo yagizwe iyera. Bakunda Imana rwose babikuye ku mutima,kandi ibyo bikanagendana n’ibitekerezo byabo n’imikorere yabo. Yesu yasezeranye ko abo bazabona Imana.

Mbese na none mbaze iki kibazo, tuvuge ko hari abakristo bizera ariko bafite imitima itaboneye bityo bakaba batazabona Imana?Mbese ubwo Imana izababwira iti, “Mushobora kuza mu ijuru ariko ntimushobora kuzigera mumbona”? Oya, birumvikana ko umuntu wese uri mu nzira ijya mu ijuru koko aba afite umutima uboneye.

Abakiranura

(The Peacemakers)

Abakiranura ni bo bakurikiraho kuri urwo rutonde. Bazitwa abana b’Imana. Na none ahangaha, Yesu agomba kuba yaravugaga buri muyoboke wese wa Kristo nyakuri, kuko uwizera Kristo wese ari umwana w’Imana (Gal. 3:26).

Ababyawe n’Umwuka ni abakiranura/abashaka amahoro, mu buryo butatu nibura:

Ubwa mbere bikiranuye n’Imana yahoze ari umwanzi wabo(Rom. 5:10).

Ubwa kabiri babana n’abantu bose amahoro mu buryo bushoboka bwose.Ntibarangwa n’intonganya n’amahane.Pawulo yanditse avuga ko abatongana, bakagira ishyari, n’umujinya n’amahane, no kwitandukanya no kwirema ibice batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (Gal. 5:19-21). Abizera nyakuri barongera bo bagatera indi ntambwe kugira ngo birinde intambara kandi bagumane amahoro mu mibanire yabo n’abandi. Ntibirata ngo bafitanye amahoro n’Imana kandi badakunda bene Se (Mat. 5:23-24; 1 Yohana 4:20).

Ubwa gatatu, ni mukugeza ubutumwa bwiza ku bandi, abayoboke nyakuri ba Kristo banafasha abandi kwikiranura n’Imana na bagenzi babo. Yakobo yaranditse, ahari aganisha kuri uwo murongo wo muri iyo nyigisho y’abahirwa, ati “Kandi imbuto zo gukiranuka zibibwa mu mahoro n’abahesha abandi amahoro” (Yak. 3:18).

Abarenganywa

(The Persecuted)

Hanyuma abarenganyirijwe gukiranuka Yesu yabise abanyamugisha.Biragaragara ko yavugaga abantu mu mibereho yabo babaho bakiranuka, si abibwira gusa ngo bahawe gukiranuka kwa Kristo. Abantu bumvira amategeko ya Kristo ni bo batotezwa cyane n’abatizera.Bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.

Mbese ni ukuhe kurenganywa Yesu yavugaga? Iyicwa rubozo? Gupfa uhorwa Imana? Oya, yavuze yeruye ko ari ugutukwa no kubeshyerwa ibibi byinshi umuntu ari we azira. Ibi na none birrerekana ko iyo umuntu ari umukristo nyakuri bigaragarira abatizera, naho ubundi abatizera ntibamuvugaho ibibi bamubeshyera. Ni bangahe bitwa abakristo nyamara ugasanga nta n’akantu na gato kabatandukanya n’abatizera ku buryo ndetse nta n’utizera wigera agira icyo abavugaho nabi? Ntabwo ari abakristo na gato. Nk’uko Yesu yavuze ati, “Muzabona ishyano abantu nibabavuga neza, kuko ari ko abasokuruza babo bagenje abahanuzi b’ibinyoma” (Luka 6:26). Igihe abantu bose bakuvuga neza, icyo ni ikimenyetso cy’uko uri umukristo utari uw’ukuri. Isi yanga abakristo nyabo (Yohana 15:18-21; Gal. 4:29; 2 Tim. 3:12; 1 Yohana 3:13-14).

Umunyu n’Umucyo

(Salt and Light)

Yesu amaze kumvisha abigishwa be bamugandukira ko bari koko mu mubare w’abahinduwe kandi bahawe umugisha babikiwe kuzaragwa ubwami bwo mu ijuru, aterura ijambo ryo kubihanangiriza. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubw’abavugabutumwa b’iki gihe bahora bizeza ihene zo mu buryo bw’umwuka ko ngo zidashobora na rimwe gutakaza agakiza zitwa ngo zirafite, Yesu we yakundaga abigishwa nyakuri be ku buryo yababuriraga ngo bitonde kuko bashobora kuba bakwivutsa umugisha bakikura mu mubare w’abahiriwe.

Muri umunyu w’isi.Mbese umunyu nukayuka uzaryoshywa n’iki?Nta cyo uba ukimaze keretse kujugunywa hanze, abantu bakawukandagira.Muri umucyo w’isi. Umudugudu wubatswe ku mpinga y’umusozi ntubasha kwihisha.Nta bakongeza itabaza ngo baritwikirize intonga, ahubwo barishyira ku gitereko cyaryo rikamurikira abari mu nzu bose.Abe ari ko umucyo wanyu umurikira imbere y’abantu, kugira ngo babone imirimo yanyu myiza, bahereko bahimbaze So wo mu ijuru (Mat. 5:13-16).

Urabona ko Yesu atakanguriye abigishwa be kuba umunyu cyangwa guhinduka umucyo. Yavuze (mu mvugo igereranya) ko barangije kuba umunyu, nuko ahubwo abahamagarira gukomeza kugira uburyohe. Yavuze (agereranya) ko bamaze kuba umucyo, maze abahugurira kugira ngo urumuri rwabo batarureka ngo rutwikirwe, ahubwo ngo bakomeze bamurike. Mbega ukuntu ibi bihabanye cyane n’iby’inyigisho nyinshi zijya zihabwa abakristo mu matorero bakangurirwa kugira ngo babe umunyu n’umucyo.Niba umuntu ataramaze kuba umunyu n’umucyo, ubwo si umwigishwa wa Kristo.Ntabwo ari mu mubare w’abahirwa.Ntabwo ari mu nzira ijya mu ijuru.

Mu gihe cya Yesu umunyu wakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu kubika inyama ngo zitangirika. Natwe nk’abayoboke ba Yesu baganduka, ni twe dutuma iyi si y’ibyaha itabora burundu ngo yangirike. Ariko tubaye nk’isi uko igenda mu myifatire yacu, rwose “ntacyo tuba tukimaze” (umurongo 13). Yesu yihanangirije abahirwa ngo bakomeze kuba umunyu, bakomeze ibibaranga byabo byihariye. Bagomba gukomeza kwitandukanya n’isi ibazengurutse, kugira ngo “badakayuka,” bakaba bakwiriye “kujugunywa bagakandagirirwa hasi.” Aya ni amwe mu magambo y’ibyanditswe byinshi tubona mu Isezerano Rishya, asobanutse neza aburira abizera nyakuri kugira ngo badasubira inyuma. Iyo umunyu ari umunyu koko, uba ufite uburyohe. N’abayoboke ba Yesu bitwara nk’abayoboke ba Yesu koko, naho ubundi ntibaba ari abayoboke ba Yesu, n’ubwo baba barigeze kuba bo.

Abayoboke ba Kristo ni umucyo w’isi. Umucyo umurika iteka. Iyo utamurika, uwo ntuba ari umucyo. Mu kubigereranya, umucyo ni imirimo yacu myiza (Mat. 5:16). Yesu ntiyahamagariraga abatagira imirimo ngo batangire kuyishakamo, ahubwo yahuguraga abafite imirimo myiza ngo ibyiza byabo ntibakabihishe abantu. Muri ubwo buryo, bizatuma bahimbaza Se wo mu ijuru bitewe ni uko umurimo yakoze muri bo ari wo sōko y’ibyiza bakora. Aha turabona ukuntu umurimo w’ubuntu bw’Imana ugendera hamwe neza no gufatanya kwacu na yo; byombi birakenewe kugira ngo umuntu abe uwera.

Aho Abayoboke ba Kristo bahuriye n’Amategeko

(The Law’s Relationship to Christ’s Followers)

Ubu dutangiye ikindi gika muri Bibiliya.Ni igice cy’ingenzi cyane gishamikiyeho byinshi, intangiriro y’ibyo Yesu avuga mu gice gisigaye cy’inyigisho ye yo ku musozi.

Mwitekereza ko naje gukuraho amategeko cyangwa ibyahanuwe. Sinaje kubikuraho, ahubwo naje kubisohoza. Kandi ndababwira ukuri yuko ijuru n’isi kugeza aho bizashirira, amategeko atazavaho inyuguti imwe cyangwa agace kayo gato, kugeza aho byose bizarangirira. Nuko uzica rimwe ryo muri ayo mategeko n’aho ryaba ryoroshye hanyuma y’ayandi, akigisha abandi kugira batyo, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mutoya rwose. Ariko uzayakora akayigisha abandi, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mukuru. Kandi ndababwira yuko gukiranuka kwanyu nikutaruta ukw’abanditsi n’ukw’Abafarisayo, mutazinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru (Mat. 5:17-20).

Niba Yesu yarihanangirije abari bamuteze amatwi ngo batibwira ko yaje gukuraho amategeko cyangwa abahanuzi, dushobora guhamya nta mpungenge ko hari abantu bamwe mu bari bari aho biwiraga batyo. Impamvu bibwiraga batyo twazikeka gusa. Wenda ni ukuntu Yesu yacyahaga cyane abanyamategeko b’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo byatumaga bamwe bumva ko arimo arakuraho amategeko n’abahanuzi.

Uko biri kose, biragragara neza ko Yesu yashaka ko abigishwa be basobanukirwa amakosa yabo mu kwibwira batyo. Ni we wahumetse Isezerano rya Kera ryose, rero birumvikana ko atajyaga gukuraho ibyo yavugiye muri Mose n’abahanuzi byose. Ahubwo nk’uko yabivuze, yarimo asohoza amategeko n’abahanuzi.

None ni mu buhe buryo neza neza yari gusohozamo Amategeko n’Abahanuzi? Bamwe batekereza ko Yesu yavugaga gusa ku byerekeranye no gusohoza ubuhanuzi buvuga kuri Mesiya. N’ubwo koko Yesu yasohoje ( cyangwa azanasohoza) buri buhanuzi buvuga kuri Mesiya, ariko ibyo sibyo gusa yari afite mu bitekerezo bye. Mu buryo busobanutse neza, Ibyanditswe ahongaho byerekana ko yavugaga gusohoza ibyanditswe byose mu mategeko n’abahanuzi, kugeza no ku “kanyuguti gato mu zindi cyangwa agace k’inyuguti” (umurongo wa 18) k’amategeko, ndetse n’itegeko “ryoroshye hanyuma y’ayandi yose” (umurongo wa 19).

Abandi na bo bakavuga ko Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ko azasohoza amategeko atunganya ibyo amategeko asaba byose mu cyimbo cyacu binyuze mu kumvira kwe n’urupfu rwe atwitangira (reba Rom. 8:4). Ariko ibyo, nk’uko amagambo dusoma aho abyerekana, ntabwo ari byo byari mu bitekerezo bye. Mu mirongo ikurikiraho, nta na kimwe Yesu yigeze avuga ku buzima bwe cyangwa urupfu rwe cyagaragaza ko ari byo byari ugusohoza amategeko. Ahubwo mu nteruro ikurikiraho, avuga ko amategeko azahorana agaciro kayo kugeza nibura “ijuru n’isi birangiye” ndetse kugeza aho “byose bizarangirira,” ingingo zumvikanisha ko ari ukugeza kera cyane nyuma y’urupfu rwe ku musaraba. Hanyuma avuga ko uko abantu bafata amategeko bizagira ingaruka ku rwego bazabamo mu ijuru (umurongo 19), kandi ko abantu bakwiriye gukurikiza amategeko no kurusha abanditsi n’Abafarisayo, ko niba bitagenze gutyo batazinjira mu ijuru (umurongo wa 20).

Biragaragara ko uretse kuba ari ugusohoza gusa ibyahanuwe kuri Mesiya, no kuba gusa igicucu cy’ibizaza, ndetse no gusohoza mu cyimbo cyacu ibyo amategeko asaba, Yesu yashakaga n’uko abamuteze amatwi bakomeza amategeko kandi bagakora ibyo Abahanuzi bavuze. Mu buryo bumwe,Yesu yagombaga gusohoza amategeko mu guhishura umugambi nyakuri Imana yari ifite mu kuyashyiraho, mu kuyashyigikira kandi akayasobanura neza, no kuzuza icyaburaga kugira ngo abari bamuteze amatwi bayasobanukirwe neza.[2] Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki rivuga gusohoza mu murongo wa17 na none mu Isezerano Rishya risobanurwa nko gusoza, kurangiza, kuzuza, no gutunganya neza rwose. Ibyo ni byo rwose Yesu yendaga gukora, ahereye ku nteruro ya gatanu ikurikiraho.

Oya, Yesu ntiyaje gukuraho Amategeko n’Abahanuzi, ahubwo yaje kuyasohoza, ni ukuvuga, “kuyuzuza neza akagera ku rugāra/agasēndēra.” Iyo nigisha iki gice cy’iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi, kenshi ntanga urugero nereka abantu ikirahure gicagase amazi mbigereranya n’ihishurirwa Imana yatanze mu mategeko n’Abahanuzi. Yesu ntiyaje gukuraho Amategeko n’Abahanuzi (iyo mvuga gutyo mera nk’ugiye kujugunya icyo kirahure gicagase). Ahubwo, yagombaga gusohoza Amategeko n’Abahanuzi (nuko ubwo ngafata icupa ry’amazi ngasuka muri cya kirahure nkuzuza ngasēndereza). Ibyo bifasha abantu kumva ibyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga.

Akamaro ko gukomeza kubahiriza amategeko

(The Importance of Keeping the Law)

Ku byerekeye ibyo gukomeza kubahiriza Amategeko n’Abahanuzi, nta bundi buryo Yesu yari kubishimangira burenze aho. Yashakaga ko abigishwa be bayubahiriza. Yari ay’ingenzi cyane nk’uko yahoze. Mu by’ukuri ndetse, uko bazabaho mu ijuru byagombaga guterwa n’ukuntu bubahirije amategeko: “Nuko uzica rimwe ryo muri ayo mategeko n’aho ryaba ryoroshye hanyuma y’ayandi, akigisha abandi kugira batyo, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mutoya rwose. Ariko uzayakora akayigisha abandi, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mukuru” (5:19).

Hanyuma tukagera ku murongo wa 20: “Kandi ndababwira yuko gukiranuka kwanyu nikutaruta ukw’abanditsi n’ukw’Abafarisayo, mutazinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru.”

Urabona ko icyo kitari igitekerezo gishya, ahubwo yari ingingo asorejeho ariko ifatanye n’indi mirongo yabanje. Mbese gukomeza kubahiriza amategeko bifite kamaro ki?Umuntu agomba kuyubahiriza cyane kurusha abanditsi n’Abafarisayo kugirango azinjire mu bwami bwo mu ijuru. Na none aha turabona ko Yesu agumye mu murongo w’insanganyamatsiko ye–Abakiranutsi/abera gusa ni bo bonyine bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.

Kugira ngo rero umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa atavuguruza Kristo, ntazigera na rimwe agira umuntu yizeza ko yashyikiriye agakiza kandi gukiranuka kwe kutararenze ukw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo.

Mbese ni ugukiranuka bwoko ki Yesu yavugaga?

(Of What Kind of Righteousness Was Jesus Speaking?)

Mbese igihe yavugaga ko kwizera kwacu kugomba kuruta ukw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo, aho wenda ntiyaba yarashakaga kuvuga gukiranuka gushyitse duhabwa nk’impano ku buntu? Oya, si uko gukiranuka yavugaga, kandi bitewe n’impamvu ifite ishingiro. Icya mbere, ibyo yari ariho avuga muri rusange ntaho bihuriye n’iyo nsobanuro. Haba mbere cyangwa nyuma y’uko avuga ayo magambo (ndetse no mu nyigisho yose yo ku musozi), Yesu yariho avuga ibyerekeye kubahiriza amategeko, bisobanura kubaho ukiranuka. Insobanuro yoroheje y’ayo magambo ye ni uko tugomba kugira imyifatire myiza ikiranutse kurusha iy’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo. Byaba ari ibintu bitumvikana ukuntu Yesu yafatira abanditsi n’Abafarisayo ku rwego adashobora gufatiraho abigishwa be ubwe. Byaba ari ubupfapfa kwibaza ko Yesu yacira iteka abanditsi n’Abafarisayo kubw’ibyaha byabo ariko abigishwa be bo ntabacireho iteka ngo kuko gusa basenze isengesho ryo “kwakira agakiza.”[3]

Ikibazo tugira ni ukutemera insobanura igaragara neza y’uyu murongo, kuko yumvikana nk’aho ari ukubatwa n’amategeko. Ahubwo ikibazo nyacyo ni uko tutumva uburyo uku gukiranuka tubarwaho gusa tuguhawe nk’impano kugendana iteka mu buryo budatandukanywa no gukiranuka gusanzwe.Ariko intumwa Yohana we yarabisobanukiwe. Yaranditse ati: “Bana bato, ntihakagire ubayobya. Ukiranuka ni we mukiranutsi” (1 Yohana 3:7). Nta n’ubwo twumva isano iri hagati yo kuvuka bwa kabiri no gukiranuka nk’uko Yohana na none we abyumva neza: “Umuntu wese ukiranuka yabyawe na we” (1 Yohana 2:29).

Yesu aba yarongeye ku magambo ye muri 5:20 ati,”Kandi nimwihana, mukavuka ubwakabiri koko, mukakira mu kwizera kuzima impano yanjye ntanga ku buntu yo gukiranuka, gukiranuka kwanyu kuzaruta ukw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo mu gihe mugendera mu mbaraga z’Umwuka wanjye uba muri mwe.”

Uko umuntu yakiranuka kurusha Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo

(How to be Holier than the Scribes and Pharisees)

Ikibazo gihita kiza mu mutwe umuntu akimara kumva amagambo ya Yesu muri 5:20 ni iki: Mbese abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bakiranukaga bate mu by’ukuri? Igisubizo: Ntibakiranukaga cyane.

Ikindi gihe Yesu yabagereranije n’ “ibituro byasizwe ingwa, bigaragara inyuma ari byiza, nyamara imber byuzuye amagufwa y’abapfuye n’ibihumanya byose”(Mat. 23:27). Ni ukuvuga ko bakiranukaga mu buryo bw’inyuma gusa bugaragarira amaso y’abantu, ariko imbere mu mitima bakaba babi. Bakoze umurimo ukomeye mu gukomeza amategeko mu buryo bw’inyuguti, ariko birengagiza umwuka uyagenga, akenshi bagashaka kumvikanisha ko imigenzereze yabo ari myiza bagoreka amategeko y’Imana cyangwa bayahindura.

Icyo kizinga mu ngezo z’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo, urebye ahanini, ni cyo Yesu yibanzeho muri iyo nyigisho ye yo ku musozi. Tubona ko yakunze kugaruka ku mategeko y’Imana yari azwi cyane, kandi buri gihe nyuma yo kuvuga itegeko runaka, akagaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati yo kugendera ku mategeko mu buryo bw’inyuguti no kuyagenderamo mu buryo bwo kubahiriza umwuka wayo. Muri ubwo buryo yakomeje kugenda ashyira ahagaragara inyigisho z’ibinyoma n’uburyarya bw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo, kandi akagaragaza uko yifuza abigishwa be bo bamera.

Buri rugero Yesu yajyaga gutanga yatangizaga aya magambo ngo, “Mwarumvise ngo” Abantu yabwiraga ni abantu bashobora kuba batari barigeze basoma, ariko bakaba bari baragiye basomerwa n’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo mu masinagogi, imizingo y’ibitabo by’Isezerano rya Kera. Umuntu yashobora kuvuga ko abo bantu bari bamuteze amatwi aria bantu bari baragendeye mu nyigisho z’ibinyoma ubuzima bwabo bwo, uko bakomezaga kumva aho abanditsi n’Abafarisayo basobanura Ijambo ry’Imana barigoreka kandi bagakomeza no kwitegereza imyifatire yabo itejejwe.

(Mukundane, ntimumere nk’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo)

Love Each Other, Unlike the Scribes and Pharisees

Mu gutanga itegeko rya gatandatu ho urugero rwe rwa mbere, Yesu yatangiye yigisha abigishwa be icyo Imana ibashakaho, kandi na none agaragaza uburyarya bw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo.

Mwumvise ko abakera babwiwe ngo, “Ntukice” kandi ngo “Uwica akwiriye guhanwa n’abacamanza.” Ariko jyeweho ndababwira yuko umuntu wese urakarira mwene se akwiriye guhanwa n’abacamanza, uzatuka mwene se ati, “wa mupfu we,” akwiriye guhanirwa mu rukiko, uzabwira mwene se ati, “wa gicucu we,” akwiriye gushyirwa mu muriro w’I Gehinomu (Mat. 5:21-22).

Icya mbere, urabona ko Yesu yaburiraga abantu ku bintu byatuma bajya muri gehinomu. Iyo ni yo yari insanganyamatsiko ye y’ibanze–Abakiranutsi gusa ni bo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.

Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bigishaga bamagana ubwicanyi, bakibutsa abantu itegeko rya gatandatu, mu bigaragara ari nko kuburira abantu ko ibyo bishobora kubageza imbere y’ubucamanza.

Nyamara Yesu, yashakaga ko abigishwa be bamenya icyo abanditsi n’Abafarisayo basa nk’aho batasobanukirwaga–hari ibyaha “bito” bishobora gutuma umuntu ajyanwa mu rukiko, biragaragara nk’aho ari urukiko rw’Imana ruvugwa. Bitewe n’uko ari ibya ngombwa cyane ko dukundana (itegeko rya kabiri riruta ayandi yose), igihe turakariye mwene Data tuba dukwiye kumva ko twamaze kugaragaraho icyaha mu rukiko rw’Imana. Iyo noneho uburakari bwacu tubushyize mu magambo mabi tubwira mwene Data, icyaha cyacu noneho kiba kirushijeho kuremera, kandi tugomba kumva ko mu rukiko rukuru rw’Imana twamaze guhamwa n’icyaha. Noneho iyo turenze aho, tugasuka urwango rwacu kuri mwene Data n’ikindi gitutsi, icyaha cyacu kiba gihagije imbere y’Imana kugira ngo tujugunywe muri gehinomu![4] Birakomeye!

Ubusabane bwacu n’Imana bupimirwa ku busabane bwacu na bene Data. Igihe twanga mwene Data, byerekana ko tudafite ubugingo buhoraho. Yohana yaranditse ati,

Umuntu wese wanga mwene Se ni umwicanyi, kandi muzi yuko nta mwicanyi ufite ubugingo buhoraho muri we (1 Yohana 3:15).

Umuntu navuga ati,”Nkunda Imana,”akanga mwene Se aba ari umunyabinyoma, kukoudakunda mwene Se yabonye atabasha gukunda Imana atabonye (1 Yohana 4:20).

Mbega ukuntu ari ibyangombwa ko dukundana kandi, nk’uko Yesu yategetse, tugaharanira ukuntu twakwiyunga igihe habayeho kubabazanya (Mat. 18:15-17).

Yesu arakomeza:

Nuko nujyana ituro ryawe ku gicaniro ukahibukira mwene So ko afite icyo mupfa, usige ituro ryawe imbere y’igicaniro ubanze ugende wikiranure na mwene So, uhereko ugaruke uture ituro ryawe (Mat. 5:23-24).

Ibi ni ukuvuga ko iyo umubano wacu na bene Data utari mwiza, ubwo n’umubano wacu n’Imana ntuba umeze neza. Ikosa ry’Abafarisayo ni uko bibandaga ku bintu bifite agaciro gake nyamara ahubwo iby’ingenzi cyane ntibabihe agaciro, “bakamimina umubu nyamara ingamiya bakayimira bunguri” nk’uko Yesu yabivuze (Mat. 23:23-24). Bashimangiraga cyane akamaro ko gutanga icyacumi n’amaturo, ariko bakirengagiza icy’ingenzi cyane kubiruta, itegeko rya kabiri riruta ayandi yose, gukundana. Mbega ukuntu ari uburyarya bukabije umuntu kuzana ituro, ngo arerekana urukundo akunda Imana, kandi arimo yica itegeko ryayo rya kabiri mu mategeko abiri akomeye kurusha ayandi yose! Ibi ni byo Yesu yaburiraga abantu ngo birinde.

Na none ku ngingo yo gukara k’urukiko rw’Imana Yesu arakomeza:

Wikiranure vuba n’ukurega mukiri mu nzira, ukurega ye kugushyikiriza umucamanza, umucamanza ataguha umusirikare akagushyira mu nzu y’imbohe. Ndakubwira ukuri yuko utazavamo rwose, keretse wishyuye umwenda wose hadasigaye ikuta na rimwe (Mat. 5:23-26).

Ni byiza cyane ko tutakwigera tugera mu rukiko rw’Imana mu kubana amahoro na bene Data mu buryo bushoboka bwose. Niba hari mwene Data twababaje kandi tugakomeza tukanga kugonda ijosi ngo twiyunge na we “mu gihe tukiri mu nzira igana urukiko,” ni ukuvuga mu gihe tukiri mu rugendo rwo muri ubu buzima twerekeza kuzahagarara imbere y’Imana, nta gushidikanya ko dushobora kuzabyicuza. Ibyo Yesu yavuze hano birasa cyane n’ukuntu yihanangirije abantu cyane ababurira ngo birinde batazamera nka wa mugaragu utababarira uri muri Matayo 18:23-35. Umugaragu wababariwe ariko we akanga kubabarira, umwenda we washubijweho, hanyuma atabwa mu maboko y’abamukubita “kugeza yishyuye ibyo yagombaga byose” (Mat 18:34).Na none hano Yesu aratuburira atubwira ingaruka ziteye ubwoba kandi z’iteka ryose zo kudakunda bene Data nk’uko Imana ibishaka.

Mube abera mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, ntimukabe nk’Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo

(Be Sexually Pure, Unlike the Scribes and Pharisees)

Itegeko rya karindwi ni ryo Yesu yashingiyeho atanga urugero rw’ukuntu abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bakomezaga inyuguti gusa ariko bakirengagiza umwuka w’amategeko. Yesu yashakaga ko abigishwa be barusha abanditsi n’Abafarisayo gukiranuka mu byerekeranye n’ibitsina.

Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo, “Ntugasambane”. Jyeweho ndababwira yuko umuntu wese ureba umugore akamwifuza, aba amaze gusambana na we mu mutima we. Ijisho ryawe ry’iburyo nirigushuka rikakugusha, urinogore urite kure. Ibyiza ni uko wapfa ijisho rimwe, biruta ko umubiri wawe wose wajugunywa muri Gehinomu. N’ikiganza cyawe cy’iburyo nikikugusha, ugice ugite kure. Ibyiza ni uko wabura urugingo rwawe rumwe, biruta ko umubiri wawe wose wajugunywa muri Gehinomu. (Mat. 5:27-30).

Na none urabona ko Yesu akiri ku nsanganyamatsiko ye y’ibanze–Abakiranutsi gusa ni bo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.Na none araburira abantu ngo birinde batazajya muri Gehinomu n’icyo bakora ngo bitazababaho.

Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo ntibashoboraga kwirengagiza itegeko rya karindwi, ubwo rero mu buryo bugaragara inyuma bararyubahirizaga, bagakomeza kuba abizerwa ku bagore babo. Nyamara mu bitekerezo baryamanaga n’abandi bagore. Mu bitekerezo bambikaga ubusa abagore babona mu masoko. Bari abasambanyi mu mutima, bityo bakica umwuka w’itegeko rya karindwi. Ni bangahe bameze batyo mu Itorero muri iki gihe?

Birumvikana ko Imana ishaka ko abantu baba abera mu byerekeye ibitsina. Birumvikana ko niba ari icyaha kuryamana n’umugore wa mugenzi wawe, ni n’icyaha gutekereza uryamanye na we. Ntabwo Yesu yarimo ashyiraho itegeko rikomeye kuruta ibyari bisanzwe bisabwa n’amategeko ya Mose. Itegeko rya cumi ryamaganaga irari ku buryo bugaragara: “Ntukifuze umugore wa mugenzi wawe” (Kuva 20:17).

Mbese mu bari bateze amatwi Yesu, hari abumvise batsinzwe n’urubanza? Birashoboka. Bakagombye kuba barakoze iki? Bakagombye kuba barahise bihana nk’uko Yesu yategetse. Icyo byaba bisaba cyose, uko igiciro cyaba kingana kose, abanyerari bakagombye guhita barekeraho kugira irari, kuko abararikira bazajya muri Gehinomu.

Mu by’ukuri umuntu wese utekereza neza ntiyakumva ko icyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ari uko umuntu ufite irari yakwinogora ijisho cyangwa ngo ikiganza cye agice koko. Umuntu ufite irari yinogoyemo ijisho rimwe, nta kindi gihinduka uretse ko akomeza kuba umunyerari ufite ijisho rimwe! Yesu yashimangiraga cyane akamaro ko kumvira umwuka w’itegeko rya karindwi.Ubugingo buhoraho niho bwari bushingiye.

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa, ashingiye ku rugero rwa Kristo, azakangurira abayoboke be “gukuraho” ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyababera ikigusha. Niba ari umurongo wa televiziyo, uwo murongo ugomba guhagarikwa. Niba ari televiziyo muri rusange, televiziyo igomba gukurwaho. Niba ari ikinyamakuru runaka ubereye umwe mu bafatabuguzi bacyo, iryo fatabuguzi ugomba kurihagarika. Niba ari interineti, igomba guhagarara. Niba ari idirishya rikinguye, rigomba gukingwa. Nta na kimwe muri ibyo kingana no kuzaba muri gehinomu iteka ryose, kandi bitewe n’uko umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa akunda koko umukumbi we, azababwira ukuri kandi abihanangirize ngo birinde nk’uko Yesu yabigenje.

Ubundi buryo bwo Gusambana

(Another Way to Commit Adultery)

Urundi rugero rwa Yesu rukurikiraho rufitanye isano cyane na ruriya tumaze kubona, ari nay o mpamvu wenda ari rwo rukurikiraho. Rugomba gufatwa nk’amagambo yongeweho yo gusobanura neza, ntabwo ari indi ngingo nshya. Ingingo ni, “Ikindi kintu Abafarisayo bakora kingana n’ubusambanyi.”

Kandi byaravuzwe ngo, “Uzasenda umugore we, amuhe urwandiko rwo kumusenda”. Ariko jyeweho ndababwira yuko umuntu wese usenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, aba amuteye gusambana, kandi uzacyura uwasenzwe azaba asambanye (Mat 5:31-32).

Uru ni urugero rw’ukuntu abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bagorekaga amategeko y’Imana kugira ngo babone uko bakingira ikibaba imibereho yabo y’ibyaha.

Reka dutekereze Umufarisayo runaka wo mu gihe cya Yesu. Ku rundi ruhande rw’umuhanda atuyeho hari umugore mwiza ararikira uhatuye. Buri munsi iyo amubonye aramwegera akamubwira utugambo tw’ubuhehesi amwishinzaho. Uwo mugore kandi na we arasa n’ugenda amukunda, ibyifuzo bya wa mugabo biragenda bikura. Arifuza kumubona yambaye ubusa, kandi buri gihe amutekereza baryamanye. Oo, icyamuha gusa akamugeraho!

Ariko afite ikibazo. Yarashatse afite umugore, kandi idini rye ribuza ubusambanyi. Ntashaka kwica itegeko rya karindwi (n’ubwo yamaze kuryica buri gihe uko agize irari). Abigenze ate?

Igisubizo kirabonetse! Atandukanye n’umugore bari kumwe, yakwirongorera rya habara ryo mu bitekerezo bye! Ariko se amategeko yemera gutandukana? Umufarisayo mugenzi we akamubwira ati Yego! Hari icyanditswe cyabyo! Gutegeka Kwa Kabiri 24:1 hari icyo havuga cyerekeye guha umugore wawe urwandiko rwo kumusenda igihe umusenze. Gutandukana bigomba kuba byubahirije amategeko bitewe n’ibintu runaka! Ariko se ibyo bintu ni ibihe? Agasoma yitonze icyo Imana yavuze:

Umuntu narongora umugeni maze ntamukundwakaze kuko hari igiteye isoni yamubonyeho, amwandikire urwandiko rwo kumusenda arumuhe, maze amwirukane mu nzu ye… (Guteg 24:1).

Ahaaa! Ashobora gusenda umugore we niba hari igiteye isoni yamubonyeho! Kandi yakibonye! Si mwiza nka wa mugore wo hakurya y’umuhanda! (Uru ntabwo ari urugero dupfuye gutanga rwo gushakisha gusa. Dushingiye ku magambo ya Rabbi Hillel, uzwi cyane ku nyigisho zamamaye zivuga ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye mu gihe cya Yesu, avuga ko umugabo yashoboraga gusenda umugore we igihe yabaga yabengutse undi umurusha ubwiza, kuko ibyo byabaga bihinduye umugore we “uteye isoni” kuri we. Rabbi Hillel yanavuze ko umuntu yashoboraga no gusenda umugore amuhoye ko ngo ateka umunyu mwinshi ukabije mu biryo, cyangwa ngo kuko yavuganye n’undi mugabo, cyangwa ngo kuko nta mwana w’umuhungu yamubyariye.)

Nuko rero wa Mufarisayo wacu w’umunyerari agasenda umugore we mu kumuha urwandiko ruteganywa n’amategeko maze vuba cyane agahita ashaka wa mugore uba mu bitekerezo bye. Kandi ibyo akabikora nta mutima umucira urubanza na gato ngo kuko amategeko y’Imana yubahirijwe!

Imyumvire itandukanye

(A Different View)

Birumvikana ko Imana yo ibibona ukundi. Ntabwo yigeze ivuga icyo”giteye isoni” kiri mu Guteg 24:1-4 mu by’ukuri icyo ari cyo, cyangwa se ngo ivuge niba iyo ari impamvu yemewe yo gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Mu by’ukuri icyo gice cy’Ibyanditswe ntacyo kivuga ku byerekeye kuvuga ko gutandukana byemewe cyangwa bitemewe. Harimo gusa ko bitemewe ko umugore umaze gusendwa kabiri cyangwa rimwe yongera gushakana n’umugabo we wa mbere. Kuvuga ko hagomba kubaho “igiteye isoni” mu maso y’umugabo, kugira ngo yemererwe gusenda umugore we, ibyo ni ugushaka kuvugisha ku ngufu Ibyanditswe icyo bitavuga.

Ibyo ari byo byose ku Mana, wa mugabo navuze haruguru ntaho atandukaniye n’umusambanyi. Yishe itegeko rya karindwi. Mu by’ukuri icyaha cye kinarushije uburemere iby’abandi basambanyi basanzwe, kuko we ari “umusambanyi incuro ebyiri.” Mu buhe buryo? Ubwa mbere, ubwe yasambanye. Yesu hanyuma yaje kuvuga ati, “Umuntu wese uzasenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, akarongora undi azaba asambanye” (Mat 19:9).

Ubwa kabiri, bitewe n’uko wa mugore we yasenze agomba kujya kwishakira undi mugabo babana, mu maso y’Imana ni nk’aho uyu Mufarisayo yohereje umugore we ku ngufu kujya kuryamana n’undi mugabo. Bityo rero n’ubwo “busambanyi” bw’umugore we buramubarwaho.[5] Yesu yaravuze ati, “Umuntu wese usenda umugore we atamuhora gusamabana, aba amuteye gusambana” (Mat 5:32).

Yesu ashobora no kubara wa Mufarisayo ho kuba “umusambanyi incuro eshatu” niba uko yavuze ati , “kandi uzacyura uwasenzwe azaba asambanye” (Mat. 5:32), bisobanura ko Imana ibara kuri uwo Mufarisayo “ubusambanyi” bw’umugabo urongoye umugore we wa mbere yasenze.[6]

Iki cyari ikibazo gihagurukije impaka nyinshi mu gihe cya Yesu, nk’uko dusoma ahandi Abafarisayo bamubaza iki kibazo ngo, “Mbese amategeko yemera ko umuntu asenda umugore we amuhora ikintu cyose?” (Mat 19:3). Ikibazo cyabo kiragaragaza uko imitima yabo imeze. Biragaragara ko bamwe muri bo bashakaga kwizera ko amategeko yemera ko umuntu yasenda umugore bitewe n’impamvu iyo ari yo yose.

Ahangaha ngomba kongeraho ko biteye isoni kubona hari abakristo bajya bafata ibi byanditswe byerekeye gusenda, bakabisobanura mu buryo bugoramye, ugasanga barabohesha abana b’Imana ingoyi zikomeye. Yesu ntiyavugaga umukristo watandukanye n’uwo bashakanye atarakizwa, hanyuma amaze gukizwa agahura n’umuntu mwiza yishimiye na we ukunda Kristo bagashakana. Ibyo si ubusambanyi. Niba ari byo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga, twese rero tugomba guhindura ubutumwa tuvuga, kuko ubwo ntabwo ibyaha byose byaba bibabarirwa. Ubwo noneho reka dutangire kujya tubwiriza tuti, “Yesu yaragupfiriye, kandi niwihana ukamwizera, ibyaha byawe byose ushobora kubibabarirwa. Ariko niba waratandukanye n’uwo mwashakanye, uramenye utazongera gushaka nubikora uzaba ugiye kubaho ubuzima bw’ubusambanyi, kandi Bibiliya abasambanyi bazajya mu muriro. Kandi niba wari waratandukanye n’uwo mwashakanye hanyuma ukongera ugashaka, mbere y’uko uza kuri Kristo ugomba kongera ugakora ikindi cyaha ugatandukana n’uwo muri kumwe ubu. Naho ubundi uzakomeza kubaho mu busambanyi, kandi abasambanyi ntibakijijwe.”[7] Mbese ubwo ni ubutumwa bwiza?[8]

Ube umunyakuri, ntukabe nk’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo

(Be Honest, Unlike the Scribes and Pharisees)

Urugero rwa gatatu Yesu yatanze rw’imyitwarire yo kudakiranuka no gukoresha nabi Ibyanditswe kw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo rwerekeye ku itegeko ry’Imana ryo kuvuga ukuri. Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari barahimbye uburyo bw’amayeri bwo kubeshya. Matayo 23:16-22 hatwereka ko bumvaga ko badahatirwa gusohoza indahiro barahiriye ku rusengero, ku gicaniro cyangwa ku ijuru. Ariko iyo barahiriraga ku izahabu yo mu rusengero, ku gitambo kiri ku gicaniro, cyangwa ku Mana yo mu ijuru, ubwo ngo ni ho babaga bahatirwa kubahiriza indahiro barahiye! Ibyo ni nk’umwana wumva ko yemerewe kutavuga ukuri igihe asobekeranije intoki ze mu mugongo. Yesu ashaka ko abigishwa be bavuga ukuri.

Kandi mwumvise ko abakera babwiwe ngo, “Ntukarahire ibinyoma, ahubwo uzakorere Umwami Imana ibyo wayirahiye.” Ariko jyeweho ndababwira kutarahira rwose, n’aho ryaba ijuru kuko ari ryo ntebe y’Imana,cyangwa isi kuko ari yo ntebe y’ibirenge byayo, cyangwa i Yerusalemu kuko ari ururembo rw’Umwami ukomeye. Kandi ntukarahire umutwe wawe, kuko utabasha kweza agasatsi kamwe cyangwa ngo ukirabuze. Ahubwo ijambo ryanyu ribe, “Yee, yee” cyangwa “Oya, oya”; ibirenze ibyo bituruka ku Mubi (Mat 5:33-37).

Itegeko ry’Imana ry’umwimerere ku byerekeye indahiro ntacyo ryavugaga ku kintu runaka ugomba kurahiriraho. Icyo Imana yashakaga ku bantu bayo ni uko bavuga ukuri igihe cyose, ku buryo bitaba ngombwa kurahira na rimwe.

Nta cyaha kiri mu kurahira, kuko indahiro ni umuhigo gusa cyangwa isezerano umuntu asezerana. Mu by’ukuri indahiro yo kumvira Imana ni nziza cyane. Agakiza gatangirana no kurahira kuzakurikira Yesu. Ariko iyo umuntu arinze kurahirira ku kindi kintu kugira ngo yemeze abandi kumwizera, ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza neza ko ubusanzwe abeshya. Abantu basanzwe bavuga ukuri iteka, nta na rimwe bakenera kurahira. Nyamara amatorero menshi muri iki gihe yuzuye abanyabinyoma, kandi abakozi b’Imana ni bo kenshi na kenshi bari ku isonga mu kuriganya no kwishushanya.

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa aba ikitegererezo cyo kugendera mu kuri kandi yigisha abigishwa be kuvugisha ukuri iteka. Aba asobanukiwe neza ko Yohana yaburiye abantu ko abanyabinyoma bose bazajugunywa mu nyanja yaka umuriro n’amazuku (reba Ibyah. 21:8).

Ntukihōrere nk’uko Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo babigenza

(Don’t Take Revenge, as do the Scribes and Pharisees)

Ikindi kintu ku rutonde rw’ibyababazaga Yesu ni ukuntu Abafarisayo bari baragoretse umurongo uzwi cyane mu Isezerano rya Kera.Ibyo byanditswe twari twabivuzeho mu gice kivuga ku buryo bwo gusobanura Bibiliya.

Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo, “Ijisho rihōrerwe irindi n’iryinyo rihōrerwe irindi.” Ariko jyeweho ndababwira kutabuza umuntu mubi kubagirira nabi; ugukubise urushyi mu musaya w’iburyo, umuhindurire n’uw’ibumoso, umuntu nashaka kukuburanya ngo agutware ikanzu yawe, umuhe n’umwitero, ugutegeka kujyana na we mu gikingi kimwe, umujyane no mu cya kabiri.Ukwaka umuhe kandi ushaka kugutira ntumwerekeze umugongo” (Matt. 5:38-42).

Amategeko ya Mose yavugaga ko umuntu uhamwe mu rukiko n’icyaha cyo gukomeretsa undi muntu, igihano cye kigomba kungana n’ibibazo yateje. Igihe yakubise umuntu akamukura iryinyo, mu gushyiro mu gaciro n’ubutabera bwose, na we iryinyo rye ryagombaga gukurwa. Iri tegeko ryashyiriweho kugira ngo ubutabera bwubahirizwe ku birego byagiye mu nkiko ku byaha bikomeye. Imana yashyizeho uburyo bw’inkiko n’abacamanza kugira ngo ibyaha bihanwe, ubutabera buboneke, kandi kugira ngo ntihabeho kwihōrera. Kandi Imana itegeka abacamanza kudaca urwa kibera cyangwa ngo babogame igihe baca imanza. Bagombaga guhōrera “ijisho irindi n’iryinyo irindi.” Ariko ayo magambo n’iryo tegeko iteka bigaragara mu bice by’Ibyanditswe bijyanye n’ubutabera mu nkiko.

Na none, nyamara, iri tegeko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari bararigoretse, barihinduramo yuko umuntu kwihōrera ari ari ikintu gitunganye cyategetswe n’Imana. Urebye bari barashyizeho politike yo “kutababarira na busa” (“zero tolerance”), bagashaka kwihōrera no ku kantu gato cyane ko kwihanganirwa.

Nyamara Imana iteka yakomeje gushaka ko abantu bayo baba intungane. Kwihōrera ni ikintu yamaganye mu buryo busesuye (reba Guteg. 32:35). Isezerano rya Kera ryigishaga ko umuntu agomba kugirira neza abanzi be (reba Kuva 23:4-5; Imig. 25:21-22). Yesu yashyigikiye iryo hame abwira abigishwa be guhindura undi musaya no kujya mu gikingi cya kabiri mu gihe basagariwe n’abantu babi. Igihe baduhemukiye, Imana ishaka tugira imbabazi, inabi tukayitūra ineza.

Ariko se Yesu ashaka ko tureka abantu bakatugenza uko bashaka, ubuzima bwacu bakabwangiza uko babyifuza? Mbese ni icyaha kujyana umupagani mu rukiko, dushaka ubutabera igihe twarenganyijwe? Oya. Yesu ntiyavugaga ku byerekeye kurenganurwa mu nkiko igihe twakorewe ibyaha bikomeye, ahubwo yavugaga ku byerekeye kwihōrera ubwacu igihe ari n’icyaha cyoroheje badukoreye. Urabona ko Yesu atavuze ngo ujye utega n’ijosi igihe umuntu amaze kugutera inkota mu mugongo. Ntiyavuze ngo ugutegetse kumuha imodoka ujye umuha n’inzu wari utuyemo. Yesu icyo yatubwiraga gusa ni ukugaragaza kwihangana n’imbabazi cyane mu dukosa batugirira mu buzima bwa buri munsi n’ibibazo duhura na byo mu kubana n’abantu bikunda. Ashaka ko tugira neza kurusha uko abantu bikunda babidukekagaho. Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo ntabwo bigeze bagera kuri urwo rwego na gato.

Kuki abantu benshi bitwa abakristo bababazwa n’ubusa? Kuki barakazwa vuba n’akantu gato incuro cumi ugereranyije no gukubitwa urushyi ku itama? Mbese abo bantu barakijijwe? Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa aba ikitegererezo mu gutega undi musaya kandi akigisha n’abigishwa be kugenza batyo.

Ntimukange abanzi banyu nk’uko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bagira

(Don’t Hate Your Enemies, as do the Scribes and Pharisees)

Nuko hanyuma Yesu avuga irindi tegeko ry’Imana abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari baragoretse kugira ngo babone uko basohoza iby’imitima yabo yuzuye urwango ishaka.

Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo, “Ukunde mugenzi wawe, wange umwanzi wawe.” Ariko jyeweho ndababwira nti, mukunde abanzi banyu, musabire ababarenganya, ni bwo muzaba abana ba So wo mu ijuru, kuko ategeka izuba rye kurasira ababi n’abeza, kandi abakiranutsi n’abakiranirwa abavubira imvura.Nimukunda ababakunda gusa, muzahembwa iki? Mbese abakoresha ikoro na bo ntibagira batyo? Nimuramutsa bene wanyu bonyine, abandi mubarusha iki?Mbese abapagani na bo ntibagira batyo? Namwe mube mukiranutse nk’uko So wo mu ijuru akiranuka (Mat 5:43-48).

Mu Isezerano rya Kera, Imana yaravuze iti, “Ukunde mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda” (Lewi 19:18), ariko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari barashyizeho indi nsobanuro ivuga ko mugenzi wawe ari umuntu ugukunda gusa. Abandi bose bakaba ari abanzi, kandi kuko Imana yavuze ko dukunda bagenzi bacu gusa, ubwo birumvikana ko bikwiriye kwanga abanzi bacu. Nyamara Yesu we, avuga ko icyo atari cyo Imana yari igamije.

Nyuma Yesu yaje kwigisha mu nkuru y’umusamariya mwiza ko tugomba kumva ko buri muntu wese ari mugenzi wacu.[9] Imana ishaka ko dukunda buri wese, ndetse n’abanzi bacu. Urwo ni rwo rwego Imana ishakamo abana bayo, urwego na yo ubwayo ibamo. Itanga imvura n’izuba bikuza imyaka, kandi ntibiha abantu beza gusa, ahubwo n’ababi irabaha. Ugomba gukurikiza urugero rwayo, tukagirira neza n’abantu batabikwiye. Iyo tugenje dutyo, byerekana ko turi “abana ba Data wo mu ijuru” (Mat 5:45). Abantu bavutse bwa kabiri nyakuri bagenza nka Se.

Urukundo Imana ishaka ko dukuda abanzi bacu si amarangamutima cyangwa gushyigikira ububi bwabo. Imana ntidusaba ko tugomba kuzura ibinezaneza igihe tubonye abaturwanya. Ntabwo itubwira kuvuga ibitari byo, ngo tuvuge ko abanzi bacu aria bantu beza bihebuje. Ariko icyo idushakaho ni ukubagirira imbabazi, tugakora n’ibikorwa bibyerekana, nibura mu kubaramutsa no kubasengera.

Urabona ko aha na none Yesu agishimangira ya nsanganyamatsiko ye y’ibanze–Abakiranutsi gusa ni bo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Yabwiye abigishwa be ko nibakunda ababakunda gusa, bazaba ntacyo barusha abapagani n’abakoresha ikoro, abo kandi bari abantu buri Muyuda wese yashoboraga kwemeza ko byanze bikunze bazajya muri gehinomu. Bwari ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga ko abantu bakunda ababakunda gusa bazajya mu muriro wa gehinomu.

Ukore ibyiza ubitewe n’impamvu nziza, ntukamere nk’Abanditsi n’Abafarisayo

(Do Good for the Right Motives, Unlike the Scribes and Pharisees)

Ntabwo Yesu ashaka ko abayoboke be bakiranuka gusa, ahubwo ashaka ko bakiranuka ariko bitewe n’impamvu nyazo. Birashoboka cyane ko wakumvira amategeko y’Imana nyamara ukanga ntuyinezeze bitewe n’uko utabitewe n’impamvu nziza. Yesu yaciriye abanditsi n’Abafarisayo ho iteka kuko ibyiza byabo babikoreraga gushaka gushimwa n’abantu gusa nta kindi (reba Mat 23:5). Ashaka ko abigishwa be batamera batyo.

Mwirinde, ntimugakorere ibyiza byanyu imbere y’abantu kugira ngo babarebe, kuko nimugira mutyo ari nta ngororano muzagororerwa na So wo mu ijuru. Ahubwo nugira ubuntu, ntukavuze ihembe imbere yawe nk’uko indyarya zigira mu masinagogi no mu nzira[Abari bateze Yesu amatwi bari bazi neza abo yarimo kuvuga] ngo zishimwe n’abantu.Ndababwira ukuri yuko bamaze kugororerwa ingororano zabo.Ahubwo wehoho nugira ubuntu, ukuboko kwawe kw’ibumoso kwe kumenya icyo ukw’iburyo gukora, ahubwo ugire ubuntu bwawe wiherereye.Nuko So ureba ibyiherereye azakugororera. (Mat 6:1-4).

Yesu yashakaga ko abyoboke be bafasha abake. Amategeko yarabitegekaga (reba Kuva 23:11; Lewi 19:10; 23:22; 25:35; Guteg. 15:7-11), ariko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo barabikoraga biherekejwe n’impanda bavuzaga bahamagarira abakene kuza guhabwa imfashanyo mu ruhame. Nyamara se ni abakristo bangahe batajya bagira akantu na gato baha abakene? Nta no kurushya bagera ku rugero rwo kugeraho ngo bibaze impamvu ibatera gufasha abakene.Niba se abanditsi n’Abafarisayo baravuzaga impanda mu gufasha abakene barabiterwaga n’ubwirasi bwabo kugira ngo bigaragaze, abakristo b’iki gihe bo ni iki kibatera kwirengagiza uburenganzira bw’abakene? Mu bijyanye n’ibyo se, umuntu yavuga ko gukiranuka kwabo kuruta ukw’Abafarisayo?

Pawulo na we yunganira ayo magambo mu 1 Abakorinto 3:10-15 ati, dushobora gukora ibyiza tubitewe n’impamvu zitari nziza. Iyo impamvu zidutera gukora neza zidatunganye, imirimo yacu myiza ntabwo izabona ingororano.Pawulo yavuze ko umuntu ashobora no kubwiriza ubutumwa nyamara bidatewe n’impamvu nziza (reba Fili 1:15-17). Nk’uko Yesu yategetse, uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya ko gutanga kwacu gusunitswe n’impamvu zitunganye ni ugutanga mu ibanga mu buryo bushoboka bwose, nta kureka ngo ukuboko kw’ibumoso kumenye icyo ukw’iburyo gukora. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa yigisha abayoboke be guha abakene (niba bafite ubushobozi), kandi na we agakora ibyo yigisha.

Kwiyiriza ubusa no gusenga ku bw’impamvu nyazo

(Prayer and Fasting for the Right Reasons)

Yesu kandi yashakaga ko abayoboke be basenga bakiyiriza n’ubusa, kandi ibyo bakabikora, atari ukugira ngo biyerekane, ahubwo bakabikorera ku bwo gushimisha Se. Bitabaye ibyo ntaho baba batandukaniye na ba banditsi n’Abafarisayo bagana gehinomu, biyirizaga ubusa bagasenga ari ukugira gusa ngo bashimwe n’abantu, ingororano y’igihe gito cyane. Yesu yahuguye abayoboke be ati:

Nimusenga ntimukamere nk’indyarya, kuko bakunda gusenga bahagaze mu masinagogi no mu nzira ngo abantu babarebe [Abari bateze amatwi Yesu bumvaga neza abo avuga abo ari bo]. Ndababwira ukuri yuko bamaze kugororerwa ingororano zabo. Wehoho nusenga ujye winjira mu nzu ubanze ukinge urugi, uhereko usenge So mwihereranye.Nuko So ureba ibyiherereye azakugororera.

Kandi nimwiyiriza ubusa ntimukamere nk’indyarya zigaragaza umubabaro, kuko bagaragaza umubabaro kugira ngo abantu babarebe ko biyirije ubusa[Aha na none abari bateze amatwi Yesu bumvaga neza abo avuga abo ari bo].Ndababwira ukuri yuko bamaze kugororerwa ingororano zabo. Ariko weho niwiyiriza ubusa wisige amavuta mu mutwe, kugira ngo abantu batamenya ko wiyirije ubusa, keretse So uri ahiherereye, kandi So ureba ibyiherereye azakugororera (Mat 6:5-6, 16-18).

Ni abakristo bangahe ubuzima bwabo bwo gusenga busa n’ubutabaho ndetse batarigera biyiriza ubusa na rimwe?[10] Urebye ibyo se, gukiranuka kwabo guhuriye he n’ukw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bo babikoraga byombi (n’ubwo byabaga bitewe n’impamvu mbi)?

Ibindi ku byerekeye Gusenga no Kubabarira

(A Digression Regarding Prayer and Forgiveness)

Akiri kuri icyo cyo gusenga, Yesu yongeyeho aha abigishwa be amabwiriza y’uburyo bagomba gusengamo. Yesu ashaka ko dusenga mu buryo tutatuka Se duhakana, mu misengere yacu, ibyo ubwe yahishuye kuri We. Urugero, ubwo Imana izi ibyo dukeneye tutaranabiyisaba (Izi byose), nta mpamvu yo gukoresha amagambo atagize icyo avuze tuyasubiramo hato na hato igihe dusenga:

Namwe nimusenga, ntimukavuge amagambo muyasubiramo hato na hato nk’uko abapagani bagira, bibwira ko kuvuga amagambo menshi ari byo bituma bumvirwa. Nuko ntimugase na bo, kuko So azi ibyo mukennye mutaramusaba (Mat 6:7-8).

Mu by’ukuri, uburyo dusenga bigaragaza aho tugeza mu kumenya Imana.Abayizi nk’uko Ijambo ryayo riyigaragaza basenga basaba ngo ubushake bwayo bukorwe kandi ihabwe icyubahiro. Icyo bifuza kurusha ibindi ni ukuba abera, bakayishimisha rwose. Ibi bigaragara mu isengesho ry’ikitegererezo Yesu yatanze, iryo dukunze kwita isengesho ry’Umwami, riri mu mabwiriza akurikira Yesu yahaye abigishwa be. Rigaragaza ibyo ashaka ko dushyira imbere n’uburyo ashaka ko dusengamo:[11]

Nuko musenge mutya muti: “Data wa twese uri mu ijuru, Izina ryawe ryubahwe. Ubwami bwawe buze.Ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi, nk’uko bibaho mu ijuru.Uduhe none ibyo kurya byacu by’uyu munsi” (Mat 6:9-11).

Ikintu cyakagombye gushishikaza abayoboke ba Kristo mbere na mbere ni uko izina ry’Imana rihabwa ikuzo, rikubahwa, rigashyirwa hejuru, kandi rigafatwa nk’iryera.

Birumvikana ko umuntu usenga ngo izina ry’Imana ryubahwe, yakagombye ubwe kuba akiranuka, akubahisha izina ry’Imana. Bitabaye ibyo byaba ari uburyarya. Bityo rero iri sengesho ryerekana ko twifuza ko abandi bagandukira Imana nk’uko natwe tuyigandukira.

Icya kabiri gisabwa muri iri sengesho na cyo gisa n’icyo cya mbere: “Ubwami bwawe buze.” Icyo gitekerezo cy’ubwami kirashaka kuvuga ko hari Umwami uganje mu bwami bwe. Umukristo w’umwigishwa yifuza cyane kubona Umwami we, wa wundi utegeka ubugingo bwe, ugenga isi yose. Oo, icyampa abantu bose bagapfukamira Umwami Yesu bakamwizera bakamwumvira!

Icya gatatu gitera mu ry’icya mbere n’icya kabiri: “Ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi nk’uko bibaho mu ijuru.” Na none, ni buryo ki dushobora gusenga iryo sengesho tubikuye ku mutima kandi twebwe ubwacu tudakora ibyo Imana ishaka? Umwigishwa nyawe wa yifuza ko ibyo Imana ishaka byakorwa mu isi nk’uko bikorwa mu ijuru–neza kandi mu buryo bunonosoye.

Kubahwa kw’izina ry’Imana, gukorwa kw’ibyo ishaka, no kuza k’ubwami bwayo,byakagombye kuba ari byo by’ingenzi kuri twe kurusha kubona ibyo kurya bidutunga, “ibyo kurya byacu bya buri munsi.” Icya kane gisabwa cyashyizwe ku mwanya wa kane kubw’impamvu. Ubwacyo kigaragaza uburyo bukwiriye bwo gukurikiranya ibintu uko birutana mu kuba iby’ibanze, kandi nta kintu gisa no kurarikira cyangwa gukurura wishyira cyumvikanamo na gato.Abigishwa ba Kristo bakorera Imana ntabwo bakorera mamoni.Ntabwo intego yabo ari ukugwiza ubutunzi bw’isi.

Reka nongereho yuko iki cyifuzo cya kane gisa n’icyerekana ko ubu buryo bwo gusenga ari bwo bukwiriye gukurikizwa buri munsi, uko umunsi utangiye.

Iryo sengesho ry’ikitegererezo rirakomeza

(The Model Prayer Continues)

Mbese abigishwa ba Kristo bajya bakora ibyaha? Bisa nk’aho rimwe na rimwe babikora, kuko Yesu yabigishije gusaba imbabazi z’ibyaha byabo.

“Uduharire imyenda yacu, nk’uko natwe twahariye abarimo imyenda yacu.Ntuduhāne mu bitwoshya,ahubwo udukize umubi.Kuko ubwami n’ubushobozi n’icyubahiro ari ibyawe, none n’iteka ryose.Amen.”Kuko nimubabarira abantu ibyaha byabo, na So wo mu ijuru azababarira namwe. Ariko nimutababarira abantu, na So na we ntazabababarira ibyaha byanyu (Mat. 6:12-15).

Abigishwa ba Yesu basobanukirwa neza ko kutumvira kwabo bibabaza Imana, kandi igihe bakoze icyaha, bumva bibateye isoni. Bifuza ko icyo kizinga cyakurwaho, kandi Se wo mu ijuru wuzuye ubuntu yishimira rwose kubababarira. Ariko bagomba gusaba imbabazi, ari cyo cya gatanu gisabwa muri iri sengesho ry’Umwami.

Kubabarirwa kwabo nyamara,gushingiye ku buryo bababarira abandi. Bitewe n’uko na bo bababariwe byinshi cyane, bagomba kubabarira umuntu wese ubasabye imbabazi (no gukunda kandi no gushakisha uko bakwiyunga n’abatazibasabye). Nibanga kubababarira, Imana na yo ntizabababarira.

Icya gatandatu gisabwa ari na cyo cya nyuma, na cyo kigaragaza ko umwigishwa nyakuri agomba kuba akiranuka: “Ntuduhāne mu bitwoshya, ahubwo udukize umubi [cyangwa ‘wa mubi’].” Umwigishwa nyakuri aba yifuza kwera no gukiranuka cyane ku buryo asaba Imana ngo ntimureke ngo ajye mu bintu byamwoshya bikaba byamutera gutsindwa.Na none kandi agasaba Imana ngo imukize ibibi byashaka kumwizingiraho.Nta gushidikanya ko iri ari isengesho rikomeye umuntu yasenga mu ntangirro za buri munsi, mbere y’uko tujya mu isi yuzuye ibibi n’amoshya menshi. Kandi nta gushidikanya ko Imana igomba gusubiza iri sengesho ubwayo yatubwiye gusenga!

Abazi Imana bumva neza impamvu ibi bintu byose uko ari bitandatu bisabwa muri iri sengesho bikwiriye.Impamvu igaragarira mu gace karyo gasoza: “Kuko [cyangwa bitewe n’uko] ubwami, n’ubushobozi, n’icyubahiro, ari ibyawe none n’iteka ryose” (Mat. 6:13). Imana ni Umwami ukomeye utegeka ubwami bwe turimo nk’abagaragu be.Ashobora byose, nta muntu n’umwe wagatinyutse kurwanya ubushake bwe.Azahorana icyubahiro cyose iteka ryose.Akwiriye kubahwa.

Mbese ni iyihe nsanganyamatsiko yiganje cyane muri iri sengesho ry’Umwami?Kwera no gukiranuka. Abigishwa ba Kristo bifuza cyane ko izina ry’Imana ryubahwa, ko ubutegetsi bwayo bukwira isi yose, kandi ko ibyo ishaka bikorwa neza hose.Kandi ibyo bibarutira cyane n’ibyo kurya byabo bya buri munsi.Bifuza kuyinezeza, kandi mu gihe bibananiye, bayoisaba imbabazi. Nk’abantu bababariwe, na bo bababarira abandi.Bifuza cyane gukiranuka rwose, ku buryo bifuza kwirinda amoshya, kuko amoshya yatuma batsindwa bakagwa mu byaha. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa yigisha ibi bintu abigishwa be.

Umwigishwa n’ubutunzi bwe bw’iby’isi

(The Disciple and His Material Possessions)

Ingingo ikurikiyeho muri ya nyigisho yo ku musozi ishobora guhungabanya cyane Abakristo usanga icyo bashyize imbere mu buzima bwabo ari ukwigwizaho ubutunzi bw’iby’isi:

Ntimukibikire ubutunzi mu isi, aho inyenzi n’ingese ziburya, kandi abajura bacukura bakabwiba.Ahubwo mwibikire ubutunzi mu ijuru, aho inyenzi n’ingese zitaburya, kandi abajura ntibacukure ngo babwibe, kuko aho ubutunzi bwawe buri, ari ho n’umutima wawe uzaba.Itabaza ry’umubiri ni ijisho.Ijisho ryawe nirireba neza, umubiri wawe wose uzaba ufite umucyo, ariko niriba ribi, umubiri wawe wose uba ufite umwijima. Nuko umucyo ukurimo nuba umwijima, mbega uwo mwijima uko uba ari mwinshi!Ntawe ucyeza abami babiri kuko yakwanga umwe agakunda undi, cyangwa yaguma kuri umwe agasuzugura undi.Ntimubasha gukorera Imana n’ubutunzi (Mat. 6:19-24).

Yesu yategetse ko tutibikira ubutunzi mu isi. None se “ubutunzi”bugizwe n’iki ? Ubusanzwe ubutunzi bubikwa mu masanduku yabugenewe, akabikwa ahantu hiherereye, nta na rimwe bwigera bukoreshwa ibintu bisanzwe. Yesu yabusobanuye nk’ikintu gishobora gukurura inyenzi, ingese n’abajura.Ubundi buryo bwo kubusobanura bwaba, “ibintu bitari ngombwa cyane.” Inyenzi zirya ibiri hirya kure ku kibambasi mu kabati kabikwamo imyenda, ntabwo zirya imyenda dukunda kwambara kenshi. Ingese zangiza ibintu tudakunda gukoresha cyane. Mu bihugu biteye imbere cyane, ibyo abajura bakunze kwiba cyane, usanga mu by’ukuri ari ibintu abantu badakeneye cyane: imitāko, ibyo abantu bambara by’umurimbo nk’imikufi n’ibindi byo kwambara mu ijosi cyangwa ku maboko, n’ubutunzi bubitswe bushobora gutangwaho ingwati.

Abigishwa nyakuri baba “bararekuye ubutunzi bwabo bwose” (reba Luka 14:33). Baba ari ibisonga gusa byabikijwe amafaranga y’Imana ngo biyacunge, ubwo rero buri cyemezo cyo kugira ifaranga rikoreshwa kiba ari icyemezo cy’umwuka. Ibyo dukoresha amafaranga yacu bigaragaza ufite ubutware ku bugingo bwacu.Igihe dukomeza kurundanya “ubutunzi,” tukangiza amafaranga tugura ibitari ngombwa, tuba twerekana ko Yesu atadufiteho ubutware, kuko iyo aba yari abudufiteho, twagakoresheje neza amafaranga yatubikije dukora ibyiza kurushaho.

Ibyo byiza kurushaho ni ibihe?Yesu adutegeka kwibikira ubutunzi mu ijuru.Mbese ibyo bishoboka bite? Arabitubwira mu Butumwa bwiza bwa Luka: “Mugure ibyo mufite, mutange ku buntu.Mwidodere udusaho tudasaza, ari bwo butunzi budashira buri mu ijuru, aho umujura atabwegera n’inyenzi ntizibwonone” (Luka 12:33).

Mu gutanga amafaranga yo gufasha abakene no gukwiza ubutumwa, tuba twibikira ubutunzi mu ijuru.Yesu aratubwira gufata ibintu bita agaciro byanze bikunze, ndetse kugera aho bitakigira n’icyo bimaze, tukabishora mu kintu kitazigera gita agaciro na rimwe. Ibyo ni byo umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa akora, kandi akigisha abigishwa be kugenza batyo.

Ijisho Ribi

(The Bad Eye)

Yesu yashakaga kuvuga iki igihe yavugaga umuntu ufite ijisho rireba neza maze umubiri we wose ukaba umurikiwe, n’umuntu w’ijisho ribi maze umubiri we wose ukaba ufite umwijima?Ayo magambo ye agomba kuba hari icyo ahuriyeho n’amafaranga n’imitungo, kuko ibyo ni byo yavugagaho mbere yaho na nyuma yaho.

Ijambo ry’ikigiriki ryasobanuwe ngo “ribi” muri 6:23 ni ryo jambo ryasobanuwe muri Matayo 20:15 ngo “igitsure/ijisho ry’ishyari ” (“envious”).Aho tuhabona umuntu nyir’uruzabibu wabwiye umukozi we ati, “Urandeba igitsure kuko ngize ubuntu?” Birumvikana ko ijisho ridashobora kuba irinyeshyari ubwaryo. Ubwo rero iyo mvugo ngo ijisho “ry’ishyari/igitsure (cyangwa ribi) ” isobanura umuntu ufite ubugūgu no kugundira ibintu. Ibi bidufasha kumva neza kurushaho ibyo Kristo yashakaga kuvuga muri Matayo 6:22-23.

Umuntu w’ijisho ribona neza bishaka kuvuga umuntu w’umutima uboneye, ureka umucyo w’ukuri ukamwijiramo.Nuko bityo agakorera Imana kandi ubutunzi bwe ntabubike mu isi, ahubwo akabubika mu ijuru aho umutima we uri.Umuntu w’ijisho ribi akingiranira hanze umucyo w’ukuri hanze ntawemerere kumwinjiramo, kuko aba yibwira ko yamaze kumenya ukuri, nuko akuzura umwijima yizera ibinyoma. Ubutunzi bwe abubika mu isi aho umutima we uri.Yibwira ko intego y’ubuzima bwe ari ukwinezeza. Amafaranga ni imana ye.Ntabwo ari mu kujya mu ijuru.

Bivuga iki kugira amafaranga ho imana yawe? Bivuga ko amafaranga yafashe umwanya wagombaga kugirwaho uburenganzira n’Imana gusa mu mutima wawe. Amafaranga ni yo ayoboye ubugingo bwawe. Ni yo atwara imbaraga zawe, ibitekerezo byawe n’igihe cyawe. Ni yo sōko yawe nkuru y’ibyishimo byawe. Urayakunda.[12] Iyo ni yo mpamvu Pawulo yavuze ko kurarikira ari cyo kimwe no gusenga ibigirwamana, akavuga ko nta muntu urarikira ufite ibyo azaragwa mu bwami bwa Kristo n’Imana (reba Ef. 5:5; Kolo 3:5-6).

Imana ishaka kugenga ubugingo bwacu n’amafaranga akabishaka, kandi Yesu yavuze ko tutakorera Imana ngo dukorere n’amafaranga. Na none turabona ko Yesu agumye mu nsanganyamatsiko ye yatangiranye–Abakiranutsi gusa ni bo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Yasobanuye neza ko abantu buzuye umwijima, abo imana yabo ari amafaranga, abo imitima yabo iri mu isi kandi bikusanyaho ubutunzi bw’isi, batari mu nzira ifunganye ijyana mu bugingo.

Umukene urarikira

(The Covetous Poor)

Kwitwararika iby’isi ntibiba bibi gusa igihe ibyo bintu ari ibintu by’igiciro.Umuntu ashobora guhangayikishwa mu mafuti n’ibintu bisanzwe cyane by’ibanze umuntu akenera mu buzima.Yesu arakomeza ati:

Ni cyo gitumye [ni ukuvuga ngo nshingiye ku byo maze kubabwira] mbabwira nti, ntimukiganyire ngo mutekereze ubugingo muti, ‘Tuzarya iki?’ Cyangwa muti,”Tuzanywa iki?’ Mbese ubugingo ntiburuta ibyo kurya, umubiri nturuta imyambaro?Nimurebe ibiguruka mu kirere: ntibibiba, ntibisarura, ntibihunika mu bigega, kandi So wo mu ijuru arabigaburira na byo. Mwebwe se ntimubiruta cyane?Ni nde muri mwe wiganyira wabasha kwiyunguraho umukono umwe? None se ikibiganyisha imyambaro ni iki? Mutekereze uburabyo bwo mu gasozi uko bumera: ntibugira umurimo, ntibuboha imyenda, kandi ndababwira yuko Salomo mu bwiza bwe bwose, atarimbaga nk’akarabyo kamwe ko muri ubu. Ariko Imana ubwo yambika ubwatsi bwo mu gasozi ityo, buriho none ejo bakabujugunya mu muriro, ntizarushaho kubambika mwa bafite kwizera guke mwe?Nuko ntimukiganyire mugira ngo,”Tuzarya iki?” cyangwa ngo “Tuzanywa iki?” cyangwa ngo “Tuzambara iki?” Kuko ibyo byose abapagani babishaka, kandi So wo mu ijuru azi ko mubikwiriye byose. Ahubwo mubanze mushake ubwami bw’Imana no gukiranuka kwayo, ni bwo ibyo byose muzabyongerwa.Ntimukiganyire mutekereza iby’ejo, kuko ab’ejo baziganyira iby’ejo.Umunsi wose ukwiranye n’ibibi byawo (Matt. 6:25-34).

Abasomyi benshi b’iki gitabo ntibazashobora kumva abo Yesu yabwiraga. Mbese ni ryari waba uheruka guhangayikira ibyo kurya cyangwa ibyo kunywa cyangwa imyambaro?

Nyamara nta gushidikanya ko aya magambo ya Yesu atureba twese. Niba ari icyaha guhangayikishwa n’ibintu bikenewe cyane by’ibanze mu buzima, ni icyaha kingana iki noneho guhangayikishwa n’ibintu bidakenewe cyane bitari iby’ibanze? Yesu ashaka ko abigishwa be bibanda mbere na mbere ku bintu bibiri: ubwami bwe no gukiranuka kwe. Iyo umuntu witwa umukristo adashobora kubona ubushobozi bwo gutanga icyacumi (nongereho ko ari itegeko ryo mu Isezerano rya Kera), ariko agashobora kubona ubushobozi bwo kugura ibintu byinshi bitari iby’ibanze mu buzima, mbese aba abaho ku rwego Kristo amushakaho rwo kubanza mbere na mbere gushaka ubwami bw’Imana no gukiranuka kwayo?Igisubizo kirumvikana.

Ntukabe umuntu uhīga amakosa

(Don’t be a Fault-Finder)

Andi mategeko Yesu yahaye abayoboke be yerekeranye n’ibyaha byo gucira abandi imanza no kubashakishaho ibyaha:

Ntimugacire abandi urubanza mu mitima yanyu kugira ngo namwe mutazarucirwa, kuko urubanza muca ari rwo muzacirwa namwe, urugero mugeramo ari rwo muzagererwamo namwe.Ni iki gituma ubona agatotsi kari mu jisho rya mwene So, ariko ntiwite ku mugogo uri mu jisho ryawe? Cyangwa wabasha ute kubwira mwene So uti, “Henga ngutokore agatotsi kari mu jisho ryawe,” kandi ugifite umugogo uri mu jisho ryawe? Wa ndyarya we, banza wikuremo umugogo uri mu ryawe jisho, kuko ari bwo wabona uko utokora agatotsi mu jisho rya mwene So (Mat. 7:1-5).

Nubwo Yesu atadomye agatoki neza ngo ashinje Abafarisayo mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa buziguye muri aya magambo, nta gushidikanya ko bari bafite iki cyaha; bamubonagamo amakosa!

Ni iki mu by’ukuri Yesu yashakaga kuvuga yihanangiriza kudacira abandi urubanza?

Reka tubanze tuvuge icyo atashatse kuvuga. Ntabwo yashatse kuvuga yuko tutagomba gushishoza ngo tumenye abantu uko bateye mu kwitegereza ibikorwa byabo. Ibyo birasobanutse neza. Nyuma y’ayo magambo ako kanya, Yesu aha abigishwa be amabwiriza ababwira ko batagomba kujugunyira imaragarita zabo ingurube, cyangwa ngo ibyera babihe imbwa (reba 7:6).Yavugaga mu buryo bwo kugereranya, avuga abantu b’imiterere runaka, akabita ingurube n’imbwa, abantu batamenya agaciro k’ibintu byejejwe, “imaragarita,” bahawe. Biragaragara ko ari abantu badakijijwe. Kandi birumvikana ko ari ngombwa ko duca urubanza tukamenya niba abantu duhuye na bo ari ingurube cyangwa imbwa, niba tugomba koko gukurikiza iri itegeko.

Kandi nyuma yaho gato na none, Yesu abwira abayoboke be uburyo bwo gushishoza/guca urubanza ukamenya abigisha b’ibinyoma, “amasega yambaye uruhu rw’intama” (reba 7:15), ubamenya usuzumye imbuto zabo. Ikigaragara neza ni uko niba dushaka kumvira amabwiriza ya Yesu, tugomba gushishoza tugaca urubanza ku myitwarire y’abantu.

Mu buryo busa n’ubwo Pawulo yabwiye abizera b’Abakorinto ati:

Ahubwo none nabandikiye ko mutifatanya n’uwitwa mwene Data, niba ari umusambanyi cyangwa uwifuza ibibi, cyangwa usenga ibishushanyo cyangwa utukana, cyangwa umusinzi cyangwa umunyazi, umeze atyo ntimugasangire na we (1 Kor. 5:11).

Kugira ngo twumvire iri bwirizwa,bidusaba kwitegereza imibereho y’abantu hanyuma tugaca urubanza dushingiye ku byo tubona.

Intumwa Yohana na we atubwira ko dushobora kumenya umuntu w’Imana n’uwa Satani. Iyo urebye imyifatire y’abantu, ukijijwe n’udakijijwe baragaragara cyane (reba 1 Yohana 3:10).

Ubwo ibi byose bimeze gutyo rero, gushishoza ukamenya imitere y’umuntu ushingiye ku kwitegereza imikorere ye ugaca urubanza ugahamya ko ari uw’Imana cyangwa ari uwa satani ntabwo ari cyo cyaha Kristo yihanangirizaga abantu ngo birinde. None se ni iki Yesu yashakaga kuvuga?

Wibuke ko Yesu yavugaga ku byerekeye gushakisha udukosa duto, akatsi, kuri mwene So (urabona ko Yesu yakoresheje ijambo mwene So incuro eshatu muri iki gice). Yesu ntiyatwihanangirizaga kudacira urubanza abantu tuvuga ngo ntibakijijwe igihe twitegereje ibyaha byabo babamo bigaragara cyane (nk’uko ahita abiduhamo amabwiriza muri iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi).Ahubwo aya ni amabwiriza y’ukuntu Abakristo bagomba gufata Abakristo bene Se. Ntibakwiye kujya bashakanamo udukosa, cyane cyane igihe na bo ubwabo batireba ngo babone amakosa yabo manini arenze utwo duto.Muri icyo gihe bagaragara nk’indyarya. Nk’uko Yesu yigeze kubwira indyarya z’abacamanza zari zateranye ari nyinshi ati,”Muri mwe udafite icyaha, abe ari we ubanza kumutera ibuye” (Yohana 8:7).

Intumwa Yakobo, usanga urwandiko rwe rusa na ya nyigisho yo ku musozi ya Yesu, nawe yaranditse ati, “Ntimwitotomberane bene Data, mudacirwaho iteka dore umucamanza ahagaze ku rugi” (Yak. 5:9). Ahari ibi hari icyo bidufasha kumva mu byo Yesu yihanangirizagamo abantu–gushaka amakosa kuri mwene So w’umukristo wamara kuyabona ukihutira kujya kuyatangaza hose, witotombera mwene So. Ibi ni byo byaha byiganje cyane mu Itorero, kandi abakora bene ibyo bishyira mu kāga ko gucirwaho iteka. Iyo tuvuga mwene Data w’umwizera, tukagaragariza abandi amakosa ye, tuba twice itegeko rikomeye cyane, kuko twebwe tutakwifuza ko hari uwatuvuga nabi tudahari.

Dushobora kwegera mu buryo bw’urukundo mwene Data tukavugana na we ku makosa ye, ariko ibyo tukabikora mu buryo buzira uburyarya, ni ukuvuga igihe natwe tudafite ayo makosa (cyangwa tunamurusha) nk’ayo mwene Data tugiye kuganiriza ashinjwa. Nyamara na none ibi kubikora ku muntu udakijijwe ni uguta igihe cyane; ari na cyo kivugwa mu murongo ukurikiraho. Yesu yaravuze ati,

Ibyejejwe by’Imana ntimukabihe imbwa,kandi n’imaragarita zanyu ntimukazite imbere y’ingurube, kugira ngo zitaziribata maze zikabahindukirana zikabarya (Mat 7:6).

Mu migani na ho havuga kimwe n’ibyo ngo, “Ntuhane umukobanyi kugira ngo atakwanga, ariko nuhana umunyabwenge azagukunda” (Imig. 9:8). Ikindi gihe Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ngo bajye bakunkumurira umukungugu wo mu birenge byabo abantu banze kumva ubutumwa bwiza. Igihe wamaze kumenya “imbwa” uzimenyeye ku kudakunda ukuri, Imana ntijya ishaka ko abagaragu bayo bata igihe bagerageza gushaka kuzibwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, kandi hari abandi bantu ayo mahirwe atarageraho.

Gukangurirwa Gusenga

(Encouragement to Pray)

Hanyuma tugera ku gice cya nyuma cy’iyo nyigisho yo ku musozi ya Yesu.Gitangirana amasezerano meza atera imbaraga ku byerekeye gusenga:

Musabe muzahabwa;mushake muzabona; mukomange ku rugi muzakingurirwa. Kuko umuntu wese usaba ahabwa,ushatse abona, n’ukomanga agakingurirwa. Mbese muri mwe hari umuntu umwana we yasaba umutsima akamuha ibuye,cyangwa yamusaba ifi akamuha inzoka? Ko muri babi kandi mukaba muzi guha abana banyu ibyiza, none So wo mu ijuru ntazarushaho guha ibyiza ababimusabye? (Mat. 7:7-11).

“Aha!” hari umusomyi ushobora kuba arimo kuvuga atyo. Ati “Iki gice cy’inyigisho yo ku musozi cyo ntaho gihuriye no gukiranuka.”

Byose biterwa n’icyo dusaba, dukomangira n’icyo dushaka igihe dusenga. Nk’ “abafite inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka,” twifuza cyane kumvira ibyo Yesu yategetse byose muri iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi, kandi uko kwifuza kumwumvira kumvikana mu masengesho yacu. Mu by’ukuri, iri sengesho ry’ikitegererezo Yesu yatweretse haruguru muri iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi rigaragaza icyifuzo cyo gukiranuka n’icy’uko ibyo Imana ishaka bikorwa.

Ndetse mu butumwa bwa Luka aya masezerano yo gusenga arangiza avuga ngo, “None se ko muzi guha abana banyu ibyiza kandi muri babi, So wo mu ijuru ntazarushaho rwose guha Umwuka Wera abamumusabye?” (Luka 11:13). Yesu avuga ngo “ibyiza” ntabwo yavugaga ibintu by’igiciro nk’ibikoresho cyangwa imyambaro. Kuri We, Umwuka Wera ni “impano nziza,” kuko Umwuka Wera atuma dukiranuka kandi akadufasha kubwiriza ubutumwa butuma abandi bantu bakiranuka. Kandi abakiranuka ni bo bajya mu ijuru.

Ibindi bintu byiza bitari mu bushake bw’Imana ntacyo bivuze. Birumvikana ko icyo Imana yitayeho cyane ari ubwami bwayo no gukiranuka kwayo, kandi tugomba gutegereza twizeye ko amasengesho dusenga yose dusaba kurushaho kuba ab’ingirakamaro mu bwami bw’Imana agomba gusubizwa.

Amagambo abisubiramo muri macye

(A Summarizing Statement)

Noneho tugeze ku murongo twavuga ko ari incamacye y’ibyo Yesu yavuze byose kugeza kuri iyo ngingo. Abasobanuzi benshi ba Bibiliya bakunda kubica hejuru, ariko twe ni ngombwa cyane ko tutabinyuraho. Uyu murongo ku buryo bw’umwihariko, biragaragara neza ko ari amagambo avuga muri macye ibyavuzwe byose, urebye ukuntu utangizwa n’ijambo nuko rero. Bityo rero uwo murongo ufatanye n’amabwirizwa yatanzwe mbere; ariko ikibazo ni ikingiki: Ni ibingana iki uyu murongo uvuga muri macye? Reka tuwusome hanyuma tubitekerezeho:

Nuko ibyo mushaka ko abantu babagirira byose mube ari ko mubagirira namwe, kuko ayo ari yo mategeko n’ibyahanuwe (Mat. 7:12).

Aya magambo ntabwo ashobora kuba incamake y’imirongo micye gusa iyabanjirije ivuga ku gusenga, ntabwo byaba bisobanutse.

Wibuke ko mu ntangiriro y’inyigisho ye, Yesu yari yatangiye yihanangiriza abantu ngo batibwira ko yaje gukuraho Amategeko cyangwa Ibyahanuwe (Mat. 5:17). Uhereye kuri iyo ngingo ukagera kuri uyu murongo tugezeho, urebye nta kindi Yesu yakoze uretse gushyigikira no gusobanura amategeko y’Imana yo mu Isezerano rya Kera. Bityo rero noneho aha arasubiramo mu magambo macye ibyo yategetse byose, kandi byose n’ibyo yavanye mu mategeko n’ibyahanuwe: “Nuko ibyo mushaka ko abantu babagirira byose mube ari ko mubagirira namwe, kuko ayo ari yo mategeko n’ibyahanuwe (Mat. 7:12)”. Amagambo, “Amategeko n’Ibyahanuwe,” afatanya ibyo Yesu yavuze byose hagati ya Matayo 5:17 na 7:12.

Noneho Yesu atangira umusozo w’inyigisho ye, agashimangira na none insanganyamatsiko ye y’ibanze–Abakiranutsi gusa nibo bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana:

Munyure mu irembo rifunganye, kuko irembo ari rigari, n’inzira ijyana abantu kurimbuka ari nini, kandi abayinyuramo ni benshi. Ariko irembo rifunganye, n’inzira ijya mu bugingo iraruhije, kandi abayinyuramo ni bake (Mat 7:13-14).

Biragaragara ko irembo rifunganye n’inzira ijya mu bugingo, inyurwamo na bake, ari ikigereranyo cy’agakiza. Irembo rigari n’inzira nini ijyana abantu kurimbuka, inyurwamo na benshi, ivuga gucirwaho iteka. Niba hari icyo ibyo Yesu yari yavuze byose mbere y’aya magambo bivuze, niba hari gahunda nziza y’urukurikirane rw’ibitekerezo, niba hari ubuhanga Yesu yari afite mu kuvugana n’abantu no gusohora ibitekerezo bye, insobanuro yumvikana ni iy’uko inzira ifunganye ari iyo gukurikira Yesu, wumvira amategeko ye. Inzira ngari ni ikinyuranyo cy’iyo. Mbese ni abitwa abakristo bangahe bari muri iyo nzira ifunganye ivugwa mu nyigisho yo ku musozi? Nta gushidikanya ko umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa ari mu nzira ifunganye, kandi ayobora abigishwa be muri iyo nzira.

Bizazānira abakristo bamwe ukuntu muri iyo nyigisho yo ku musozi yavuze cyane ku gakiza no gucirwaho iteka ariko ntagire ikintu na kimwe avuga kerekeranye no kwizera cyangwa kumwizera.Nyamara ku bumva isano iri hagati yo kwizera n’imyifatire iyi nyigisho nta kibazo bayigiraho.Abumvira Yesu bagaragariza kwizera kwabo mu bikorwa byabo. Abatamwumvira ntibizera ko ari Umwana w’Imana. Si agakiza gusa kagaragaza ubuntu Imana yatugiriye,ahubwo n’impinduka zabaye kuri twe zirabigaragaza. Gukiranuka kwacu ni ugukiranuka kwayo koko.

Uko umuntu amenya abanyedini b’ibinyoma

(How to Recognize False Religious Leaders)

Nk’uko Yesu yari akomeje amagambo ye yo gusoza, yihanangiriza abigishwa be abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bajyana abantu badashishoza mu nzira ngari ibajyana kurimbuka. Ni babandi batari ab’Imana nyakuri, nyamara bakishushanya nk’ab’Imana.Abigisha n’abakozi b’Imana bose b’ibinyoma bari muri icyo kiciro. Wabamenya ute?

Mwirinde abahanuzi b’ibinyoma baza aho muri basa n’intama, ariko imbere ari amasega aryana.Muzabamenyera ku mbuto zabo.Mbese hari abasoroma imizabibu ku migenge cyangwa imbuto z’umutini ku gitovu?Nuko igiti cyiza cyose cyera imbuto nziza, ariko igiti kibi cyera imbuto mbi.Igiti cyiza ntikibasha kwera imbuto mbi, kandi n’igiti kibi ntikibasha kwera imbuto nziza.Igiti cyose kitera imbuto nziza kiracibwa, kikajugunywa mu muriro.Nuko muzabamenyera ku mbuto zabo. Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka.Benshi bazambaza kuri uwo munsi bati, “Mwami, Mwami, ntitwahanuraga mu izina ryawe, ntitwirukanaga abadayimoni mu izina ryawe, ntitwakoraga ibitangaza byinshi mu izina ryawe?” Nibwo nzaberurira nti, “Sinigeze kubamenya, nimumve imbere mwa nkozi z’ibibi mwe”(Mat. 7:15-23).

Biragaragara neza, Yesu yerekanye ko abigisha b’ibinyoma biyoberanya cyane.Bafite ibintu bigaragara inyuma nk’aho ari ab’ukuri.Bashobora kwita Yesu Umwami wabo, bashobora guhanura, kwirukana abadayimoni no gukora ibitangaza.Ariko urwo “ruhu rw’intama” ruhishe “isega riryana.” Si abo mu ntama nyakuri.Wamenya ute ko ari ab’ukuri cyangwa ko ari ab’ibinyoma?Imiterere yabo nyayo wayibwirwa n'”imbuto” bera.

Ni izihe mbuto Yesu yavugaga?Birumvikana ko atari imbuto z’ibitangaza. Ahubwo ni imbuto zo kumvira ibyo Yesu yigishije byose.Abo mu ntama nyazo bose bakora ibyo Data ashaka. Ab’ibinyoma bose ni “inkozi z’ibibi” (7:23). Ubwo rero icyo dukora ni ukugereranya ubuzima bwabo n’ibyo Yesu yigishije kandi yategetse.

Abigisha b’ibinyoma muri iki gihe baragwiriye mu Itorero, kandi ntibyari bikwiye kudutungura, kuko yaba Yesu cyangwa Pawulo bose babitumenyesheje hakiri kare, ko uko imperuka yegereza, nta kindi dukwiye kwitegura kubona uretse bene ibyo (reba Mat. 24:11; 2 Tim. 4:3-4). Abiganje cyane mu bahanuzi b’ibinyoma muri iki gihe ni abigisha ko ijuru ritegereje abakiranirwa. Abo ni bo nkomoko yo kurimbuka kw’iteka kw’amamiliyoni y’abantu. Kuri bo John Wesley yaranditse ati,

Mbega ishyano!–igihe abambasaderi b’Imana bahindutse abakozi ba Satani!–igihe abahawe inshingano yo kwigisha abantu inzira ijya mu ijuru batangiye ahubwo kubigisha inzira ijya muri gehinomu….Umbajije uti, “Kubera iki, ni nde waba warakoze…. ibyo?”…Ndasubiza nti, ni ibihumbi icumi by’abanyabwenge ndetse abantu biyubashye; abo bose, bo mu madini atandukanye, bashyigikira abibone, inkorabusa, ababaye imbata z’ingeso zabo mbi, abakunzi b’isi, ababa mu bibanezeza gusa, abarenganya cyangwa abagome, aboroshye cyane ujyana aho ushaka, abatagira icyo bitayeho, abatagize icyo batwaye, ibiremwa bitagira icyo bimaze, abatagira ikibazo na kimwe bahura na cyo kubwo gukiranuka, bakabashyigikira kwibwira ko ngo bari mu nzira ijya mu ijuru. Abo ni abahanuzi b’ibinyoma ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane rw’iryo jambo. Abo ni abagambanyi bagambanira Imana n’abantu….Bakomeza kongera umubare w’abajya ahantu h’umwijima; kandi iyo bakurikiye inzirakarengane barimburiye ubugingo, “ikuzimu hazamurwa no kubasanganira!”[13]

Igishimishije, Wesley yavugaga ku bigisha b’ibinyoma Yesu yavuzeho muri Matayo 7:15-23.

Urabona ko Yesu na none, mu buryo butandukanye n’ibyo abigisha b’ibinyoma benshi cyane batubwira muri iki gihe, yavuze yeruye ko, abatera imbuto nziza bose bazatabwa mu muriro (reba 7:19).Kandi ibi ntibireba gusa abigisha n’abahanuzi b’ibinyoma ahubwo bireba buri wese. Yesu yaravuze ati, “Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21). Ibireba abahanuzi bireba na buri wese. Iyi ni yo nsinganyamatsiko y’ingenzi ya Yesu–Abakiranutsi gusa nib o bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Abantu batumvira Yesu bari mu nzira ijya kurimbuka.

Na none reba ashyiraho isano iri hagati y’umutima w’umuntu imbere n’imyifatire ye y’inyuma.Ibiti byiza byera imbuto “nziza”.Ibiti “bibi” ntibibasha kwera imbuto nziza. Inkomoko y’imbuto nziza zigaragara inyuma ni imiterere y’umuntu.Imana mu buntu bwayo, yahinduye imiterere y’abantu bizeye Yesu nyabyo.[14]

Kwihanangiriza Gusōza n’Incamake

(A Final Warning and Summary)

Yesu yashoje inyigisho ye atanga urugero rwo kwihanangiriza abantu ngo babe maso kandi avuga mu magambo make ibyo yigishije. Nk’uko ushobora kubyibwira nawe, ni urugero rwo gusobanura neza insanganyamatsiko ye–Abakiranutsi ni bo gusa bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.

Nuko umuntu wese wumva ayo magambo yanjye akayakomeza [cyangwa, “akayashyira mu bikorwa”], azaba nk’umunyabwenge wubatse inzu ye ku rutare, imvura iragwa, imivu iratemba, umuyaga urahuha, byose byikubita kuri iyo nzu ntiyagwa, kuko yari ishinzwe ku rutare. Kandi umuntu wese wumva ayo magambo yanjye ntayakomeze [cyangwa, “ntayashyire mu bikorwa”], azaba ari nk’umupfapfa wubatse inzu ye ku musenyi, imvura iragwa, imivu iratemba, umuyaga urahuha, byose byikubita kuri iyo nzu iragwa, kandi kugwa kwayo kwabaye kunini (Mat. 7:24-27).

Uru rugero rwo gusoza Yesu yatanze ntabwo ari uburyo bwo “gutera imbere mu buzima” nk’uko bamwe barukoresha.Igihe rutanzwemo kiragaragaza ko atatangaga inama y’ukuntu umuntu yatera imbere mu butunzi no mu bihe bikomeye igihe yizeye amasezerano Yesu yamuhaye. Iyi ni incamake y’ibyo Yesu yari yavuze byose mu nyigisho ye yo ku musozi. Abakora ibyo avuga ni abanyabwenge kandi bazahagarara badatsinzwe; ntibagomba gutinya umujinya w’Imana igihe uje. Abatamwumvira ni abapfu kandi bazababazwa cyane, bahanishwe “igihano cyo kurimbuka kw’iteka” (2 Tes. 1:9).

Subiza ikibazo

(Answer to an Question)

Mbese wenda ntibishoboka ko ‘ Inyigisho yo ku Musozi’ ya Yesu yaba yararebaga gusa abayoboke be ba mbere y’urupfu rwe rwo kuducungura no kuzuka kwe?Mbese ntibaba baratwarwaga n’amategeko nk’uburyo bw’agakiza kabo k’igihe gito, ariko aho Yesu amariye gupfira ibyaha byabo, bakaba noneho barakijijwe no kwizera, bityo insanganyamatsiko yo muri iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi ikaba itagifite agaciro?

Iyo mitekerereze ni mibi.Nta muntu n’umwe wigeze akizwa n’imirimo ye. Ni kubwo kwizera; mu gihe cy’Isezerano rya Kera na mbere yaho. Pawulo mu Abaroma 4 agaragaza ko ari Aburahamu (wa mbere y’Isezerano rya Kera) cyangwa Dawidi (wo mu Isezerano rya Kera) nta watsindishirijwe n’imirimo ye ahubwo ni ukwizera.

Kandi ntibyashobokaga ko mu gihe cya Yesu haba umuntu wakizwa n’imirimo ye, kuko bose bakoze ibyaha ntibashyikira ubwiza bw’Imana (reba Rom. 3:23). Ubuntu bw’Imana ni bwo bwashoboraga kubakiza, kandi ubuntu bwayo bwakirwa mu kwizera gusa.

Ikibabaje ni uko, abenshi mu Itorero muri iki gihe babona amategeko ya Yesu nta kindi abereyeho atari ugutuma gusa twumva dushinjwa ibyaha ku buryo twumva ko tudashobora gushyikira agakiza kubw’imirimo. Bati noneho ubwo “twamaze kubyumva”kandi tukaba twarakijijwe kubwo kwizera, amategeko ye menshi dushobora kuyirengagiza.Keretse, nyine birumvikana, dushaka ko abandi “bakizwa”. Icyo gihe dushobora kuzana ya mategeko na none kugira ngo twereke abantu ukuntu ari abanyabyaha maze bakizwe no “kwizera” kutagira imirimo.

Nyamara Yesu ntabwo yigeze abwira abigishwa be ngo, “Nimujye mu isi yose muhindure abantu abigishwa, kandi murebe neza ko bumvise neza ko ari abanyabyaha, maze nibamara kumva ko batsinzwe n’urubanza hanyuma bagakizwa no kwizera, icyo gihe amategeko yanjye azaba yarangije umurimo wayo mu bugingo bwabo.” Ahubwo yaravuze ati, “Nuko mugende muhindure abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa…mubigisha kwitondera ibyo nababwiye byose” (Mat. 28:19-20). Abakozi b’Imana bahindura abantu abigishwa ni ibyo bakora.

 

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[1] Ikintu gishimishije ni uko umurongo ukurikiraho muri icyo gitabo cya Yakobo ari uyu, “Mbese bene Data, byavura iki niba umuntu avuga ko afite kwizera, nyamara akaba ari nta mirimo akora?Bene uko kwizera kwabasha kumukiza?” (Yak. 2:14).

[2] Ibyo byaba ukuri ku byo bakunze kwita “imihango” kimwe n’ibijyanye n’ “imyifatire ,” n’ubwo nyuma y’izuka Umwuka Wera yagombaga kuzaha intumwa ubusobanuro bwuzuye bw’uburyo Yesu yashohoje amategeko mu byerekeranye n’imihango. Ubu twumva impamvu atari ngombwa gutanga ibitambo by’inyamaswa mu Isezerano Rishya, kuko Yesu ari we wabaye Umwana w’Intama w’Imana.Kandi nta n’ubwo dukurikiza amategeko y’imirire yo mu Isezerano rya Kera kuko Yesu yemeje ko ibyo kurya byose nta gihumanye kirimo (reba Mariko 7:19). Ntidukeneye umutambyi mukuru utugerera ku Mana kuko ubu Yesu ari we Mutambyi Mukuru, n’ibindi. Nyamara mu buryo butandukanye n’iby’amategeko y’imihango, nta gace na kamwe k’amategeko y’imyifatire kigeze gahindurwaho na hato n’ibyo Yesu yavuze cyangwa yakoze mbere cyangwa nyuma yo gupfa no kuzuka kwe. Ahubwo Yesu yashimangiye cyane kandi ashyigikira amategeko y’Imana yerekeye imyifatire, nk’uko intumwa na zo zabigenje zihumekewe n’Umwuka nyuma y’izuka rye. Amategeko ya Mose ku by’imyifatire tuyasanga yose mu mategeko ya Kristo, amategeko y’Isezerano Rishya. Wibuke kandi ko abo Yesu yabwiraga icyo gihe ari Abayuda batwarwa n’amategeko ya Mose. Nuko rero amagambo ye muri Mat. 5:17-20 agomba gusobanurwa hakurikijwe uko agenda ahishura amabanga mu Isezerano Rishya.

[3] Byongeye kandi, niba Yesu yaravugaga gukiranuka kwemewe duhabwa ku buntu nk’impano ku bwo kumwizera, kuki nibura nta n’akajambo yabivuzeho kabigaragaza?Kuki yari kugomba gukoresha amagambo abantu batize cyane nk’abo yarimo abwira bashoboraga kutumva neza, ndetse ntibazapfe banamenye ko ari ugukiranuka duhabwa nk’impano yavugaga?

[4] Ibi bireba umubano uri hagati yacu na bene Data muri Kristo. Yesu yise abayobozi b’amadini bamwe abapfu (reba Mat 23:17), nk’uko muri rusange Ibyanditswe byera bivuga (reba Imig 1:7; 13:20).

[5] Birumvikana ko Imana itamubaraho ubusambanyi iyo yongeye gushaka; we yazize gusa ibyaha by’umugabo we. Biragaragara ko amagambo ya Yesu nta shingiro yaba afite keretse gusa yongeye kurongorwa ahandi.Naho ubundi nta bundi buryo yakwitwa umusambanyi.

[6] Na none Imana ntiyabara uwo mugabo wa kabiri ho ubusambanyi. Igikorwa akoze ni igikorwa cyiza, kurongora umugore wasenzwe utakigira kivurira agatangira kumwitaho. Nyamara umugabo aramutse ariwe watije umurindi umugore gutandukana n’umugabo we kugira ngo azamwirongorere, icyo gihe abarwaho icyaha cy’ubusambanyi, kandi birashoboka ko ari cyo cyaha Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ahangaha.

[7] Yego na none hari ibindi bintu umuntu agomba kugira icyo avugaho. Urugero nk’umukristokazi umugabo we udakijijwe asenze nta gushidikanya ko nta busambanyi abarwaho igihe agiye akishakira undi mugabo ukijijwe.

[8] Mu kindi gice kivuga ku rushako no gutandukana kw’abashakanye,nzabivugaho mu buryo bunonosoye kurushaho.

[9] Ni umwigishamategeko w’Umuyuda, washakaga kwishyira heza, wabajije Yesu ati, “Mugenzi wanjye ni nde?” Mu by’ukuri we yibwiraga ko yisanganiwe igisubizo nyakuri. Yesu amusubiza mu kumubwira inkuru y’Umusamariya, umuntu uturuka mu bwoko Abayuda bangaga, nyamara wagaragaje ko ari mugenzi w’Umuyuda bari bakubise bakanambura (reba Luka 10:25-37).

[10] Mu bice biri buze nyuma muri iki gitabo nashyizemo igice cyose kivuga ku kwiyiriza ubusa.

[11] Gusa birababaje ko hari abantu bamwe bavuga ko iri atari isengesho abakristo bakwiriye gukoresha kuko ridasenzwe “mu izina rya Yesu.” Nyamara turamutse tugendeye muri iyo mitekerereze, twavuga ko amasengesho yose y’intumwa dusanga mu gitabo cy’ibyakozwe n’intumwa ndetse no mu nzandiko atari “amasengesho y’abakristo.”

[12] Ikindi gihe Yesu yavuze amagambo nk’ayo avuga ko ntawe ushobora gukorera Imana na mamoni, hanyuma Luka akatubwira ati, “Abafarisayo kuko bari abakunzi b’ubutunzi, bumvise ibyo byose baramukoba cyane” (Luka 16:14).Na none rero hano muri iyi nyigisho yo ku musozi Yesu yaneguraga imikorere n’imyigishirize y’Abafarisayo.

[13] Biri mu gitabo kitwa The Works of John Wesley (“Imirimo ya John Wesley”) (Baker: Grand Rapids, 1996), cyanditswe na John Wesley, ubwo cyongeye kujyanwa mu icapiro hakurikijwe icyasohowe mu w’1872 n’icapiro ryitwa the Wesleyan Methodist Book Room, London, ku mpapuro zacyo za 441, 416.

[14] Sinakwihanganira kutaboneraho umwanya wo kugira icyo mvuga ku byerekeye imvugo ikunze gukoreshwa n’abantu bashaka kwirengagiza no koroshya ibyaha by’abandi ngo: “Ntituzi ibiri mu mitima yabo.” Mu kuvuguruza ibyo, Yesu yavuze ko ibiri inyuma bigaragaza ibiri imbere. Ahandi na ho yaravuze ati, “Ibyuzuye mu mutima ni byo akanwa kavuga” (Mat. 12:34). Iyo umuntu avuga amagambo yo kwangana, byerekana ko umutima we wuzuye urwango. Na none Yesu yatubwiye ko “imbere mu mitima y’abantu ari ho havamo imigambi mibi, guheheta no gusambana, kwiba no kwica, kwifuza kubi no kugira nabi, uburiganya n’iby’isoni nke, ijisho ribi n’ibitutsi, ubwibone n’ubupfu” (Mariko 7:21-22). Iyo umuntu asambanye, tuzi neza ikiba kiri mu mutima we: ubusambanyi.

Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo ati:

Wirinde ku bwawe no ku nyigisho wigisha; uzikomeze kuko nugira utyo uzikizanya n’abakumva (1 Tim. 4:16).

Buri mukozi w’imana wese akwiye gushyira iyi mpanuro ku mutima, akirinda mbere na mbere ubwe, akareba neza ko arimo atanga icyitegererezo cyiza cyo kubaha Imana.

Ubwa kabiri , akwiye kwitondera cyane inyigisho yigisha, ku bw’agakiza ke k’iteka ryose kandi no ku bw’agakiza k’iteka ryose k’abamwumva bakagendera ku byo abigisha, nk’uko Pawulo yanditse mu Cyanditswe twabonye haruguru.[1] Iyo umukozi w’Imana yakiriye inyigisho z’ibinyoma cyangwa ntiyiteho kubwira abantu ukuri, bishobora kumuviramo kurimbuka iteka ryose we n’abandi.

Kandi rero nta n’icyo umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa yakwitwaza yigisha ibinyoma, kuko Imana yamuhaye Umwuka Wera n’Ijambo ryayo ngo bimuyobore mu kuri. Bitandukanye n’iby’abakozi b’Imana baba barahagurukijwe n’impamvu mbi usanga basubiramo gusa nka gasuku iby’abandi bigisha byamamaye mu bantu, ntibige Ijambo ubwabo, bityo bakaba bashobora kuyoba cyane mu myizerere yabo no mu byo bigisha. Kugira ngo umukozi w’Imana yirinde ibyo agomba gutunganya umutima we, akareba neza ko impamvu imusunika gukorera Imana ari ugushaka (1) kunezeza Imana (2) gufasha abantu kwitegurira kuzahagarara imbere ya Yesu, aho kwishakira kuba abatunzi gusa, gukomera no kwamamara. Na none kandi agomba kugira umwete wo kwiga Ijambo ry’Imana kugira ngo arisobanukirwe neza kandi ku buryo butabogamye. Pawulo na none yandikiye Timoteyo ati,

Ujye ugira umwete wo kwishyira Imana nk’ushimwa, umukozi udakwiriye kugira ipfunwe, ukwiriranya neza ijambo ry’ukuri (2 Tim. 2:15).

Gusoma, kwiga, no gutekereza ku Ijambo ry’Imana bigomba kuba umwitozo umukozi w’Imana akora iteka. Umwuka Wera azamufasha gusobanukirwa neza kurushaho Ijambo ry’imana uko akomeza kugira umwete wo kuryiga, bityo agashobora “gukwiriranya neza ijambo ry’ukuri.” Kimwe mu bibazo bikomereye cyane itorero muri iki gihe ni uko abakozi b’imana basobanukirwa nabi Ijambo ry’Imana hanyuma bakayobya abo bigisha. Ibyo bishobora kubaviramo akaga. Yakobo yarihanangirije ati,

Bene Data, ntihakabe benshi muri mwe bashaka kuba abigisha: muzi yuko tuzacirwa urubanza ruruta iz’abandi (Yak. 3:1).

Ku bw’iyo mpamvu ni ngombwa ko umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa amenya neza gusobanura Ijambo ry’Imana, afite intego yo gusobanukirwa no kugeza ku bandi neza ubusobanuro nyabwo bw’ibyanditswe ibyo ari byo byose ahuye na byo.

Gusobanura mu buryo nyabwo Ijambo ry’Imana ni kimwe no gusobanura neza amagambo y’undi muntu uwo ari we wese. Iyo dushaka gusobanukirwa neza icyo umuntu yashatse kuvuga cyangwa kwandika, hari amategeko runaka tugomba kugenderaho, amategeko ashingiye ku gushyira mu gaciro. Muri iki gice turareba amategeko atatu y’ingenzi mu gusobanura Bibiliya mu buryo bukwiye. Ayo ni aya: (1) Gusomana ubwenge (Read intelligently), (2) Gusoma ukurikije ibivugwa muri rusange (Read contextually), no (3) Gusomana ubunyangamugayo (Read honestly).

Itegeko rya 1: Gusomana ubwenge. Umva ibyo usoma nk’uko byanditswe neza neza, keretse niba ari imvugo ngereranyo igomba kumvikana nk’igishushanyo cyangwa ikimenyetso.

Ibyanditswe Byera, kimwe n’izindi nyandiko zose cyangwa ibitabo, byuzuyemo imvugo yo kugereranya ibintu n’ibindi, nk'”imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi” (metaphors), “imvugo ikabya ibintu” (hyperboles) n’“imvugo isānisha Imana n’abantu” (anthropomorphisms). Bigomba gufatwa bityo.

Imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi ni ukugereranya ibintu bisa ku bintu bibiri ubusanzwe bitandukanye. Ibyanditswe bikoresha iyo mvugo cyane. Hamwe umuntu ashobora kuyisanga ni nko mu magambo ya Kristo yavuze igihe yatangizaga Ifunguro Ryera:

Bakirya Yesu yenda umutsima arawushimira, arawumanyagura, awuha abigishwa be arababwira ati, “Nimwende murye, uyu ni umubiri wanjye.” Yenda igikombe aragishimira, arakibaha, arababwira ati, “Munywere kuri iki mwese, kuko aya ari amaraso yanjye y’isezerano rishya, ava ku bwa benshi ngo bababarirwe ibyaha” (Mat. 26:26-28).

Mbese Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ko umugati yari abahaye ari umubiri we koko neza neza maze na divayi banyoye ikaba ari amaraso ye koko? Ushyize mu gaciro wumva ko atari byo. Ibyanditswe bivuga neza ko ari umugati na divayi yabahaye, kandi ntacyo bivuga cy’uko byaba byarahise bihinduka ngo bibe koko umubiri n’amaraso na rimwe. Yaba Petero cyangwa Yohana nk’abantu bari bari ahongaho igihe cy’Ifunguro Ryera, nta n’umwe wigeze avuga icyo kintu mu nzandiko ze, kandi ntibyumvikana ukuntu abigishwa byari kuborohera gutangira kurya inyama z’umuntu!

Hari uvuga ati, “Jyewe kuko Yesu yavuze ko umugati na divayi ari umubiri we n’amaraso ye, ubwo rero jye ndizera ibyo Yesu yavuze!”

Na none Yesu yigeze kuvuga ko ari we rembo/urugi/umuryango (reba Yohana 10:9). None se Yesu yahereye ko aba umuryango n’amapata na serire n’ibindi koko? Yesu ubundi yavuze ko ari umuzabibu natwe tukaba amashami (reba Yohana 15:5). Mbese Yesu yahindutse koko igiti cy’umuzabibu? Twebwe se twahindutse amashami y’igiti koko? Ahandi Yesu yavuze ko ari umucyo w’isi kandi ko ari umugati wamanutse mu ijuru (reba Yohana 9:5; 6:41). None se Yesu ni umucyo akaba n’umugati icyarimwe?

Biragaragara ko aho hose ari imvugo yo kugereranya, imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi, kugereranya ibintu ubusanzwe bidahuye ariko bikaba bifite ibintu bihuriyeho. Mu buryo bumwe Yesu yari nk‘umuryango kandi akaba nk‘umuzabibu. N’amagambo Yesu yavuze atanga Ifunguro Ryera, biragaragara ko nayo yari imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi. Divayi yari nk’amaraso ye (mu buryo runaka). Umugati washushanyaga umubiri we (mu buryo runaka).

Imigani ya Kristo

(Christ’s Parables)

Imigani ya Kristo ni ibigereranyo (similes), ni kimwe n’imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi, ariko mu bigereranyo ho iteka haba harimo ijambo nka, kimwe na cyangwa nuko rero. Na byo byigisha bikoresheje kugereranya ibintu bisa biri ku bintu bibiri ubusanzwe bitameze kimwe. Icyo ni ikintu cy’ingenzi umuntu agomba kwibuka igihe abisobanura, naho ubundi wakora ikosa ryo gushaka gusobanura icyo buri kantu kose kari muri buri mugani gashatse kuvuga. Imvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi n’ibigereranyo byose bigira aho bigera maze bya bintu byahurirwagaho n’ibintu byombi bikarangira ahubwo amatandukaniro yabyo agatangira kugaragara. Urugero mbwiye umugore wanjye nti, “Amaso yawe ni pisine/ibidendezi by’amazi yo kogamo (pools),” mba nshatse kuvuga ko amaso ye ari ubururu, yimbitse kandi ari ay’igikundiro. Ntabwo nshatse kuvuga ko ifi ziyogamo, ko inyoni ziyagwamo, cyangwa ko mu gihe cy’ubukonje bukabije ahinduka urubura.

Reka turebe imwe mu migani ya Yesu, kandi yose ni ibigereranyo, uwa mbere ni umugani w’urushundura:

Nuko kandi ubwami bwo mu ijuru bugereranywa n’urushundura bajugunya mu nyanja, ruroba ifi z’amoko yose. Iyo rwuzuye barukururira ku nkombe, bakicara bagatoranyamo inziza bakazishyira mu mbehe, imbi bakazita. Uko ni ko bizaba ku mperuka y’isi: abamarayika bazasohoka batoranye abanyabyaha mu bakiranutsi, babajugunye mu itanura ry’umuriro, ni ho bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo (Mat. 13:47-50).

Mbese ubwami bwo mu ijuru n’urushundura mu miterere yabyo ubusanzwe ni kimwe? Oya nta na mba! Biratandukanye cyane, ariko hari ibintu bicye bihuriyeho. Nk’uko ifi zisuzumwa zigatandukanywa mu bice bibiri, izikenewe n’izidakenewe, iyo zikuwe mu rushundura, ni na ko bizagenda mu bwami bwo mu ijuru. Ubu abanyabyaha n’abakiranutsi barabana baragendana, ariko umunsi umwe bazatandukanywa. Ariko aho ni ho bya bindi bihuriweho birangirira. Ifi ziroga; abantu baragenda. Abarobyi batoranya ifi. Abamarayika bazatandukanya abanyabyaha n’abakiranutsi. Ifi zitoranywa bakurikije uko ziryoha zihiye. Abantu bacirwa urubanza hakurikijwe uko bagandukiye Imana cyangwa bayigomeye. Ifi nziza zishyirwa mu bubiko imbi bakazijugunya. Abakiranutsi bazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana hanyuma abanyabyaha batabwe mu muriro.

Uyu mugani ni rwo rugero rwiza cyane rw’ukuntu buri kigereranyo na buri mvugo yitirira ikintu ikindi amaherezo byerekana ko mu by’ukuri ubundi ibigereranywa biba ntaho bihuriye kuko biba bitandukanye muri kamere yabyo. Ntidukwiye kurenga ngo dutange insobanuro irenze ibyo nyirubwite yashakaga kuvuga, ngo ibidahuye tuvuge ko bihuye. Urugero twese tuzi ko mu by’ukuri “ifi nziza” ibyazo birangirira mu nkono bayiteka, naho “ifi mbi” zisubira mu mazi zikaba zongewe undi munsi. Yesu ibyo ntiyabivuze! Byajyaga kubangamira intego ye.

Uyu mugani ntiwigisha uburyo bw'”ivugabutumwa ry’urushundura”(n’ubwo buri wese ari ko avuga), aho usanga tugerageza gukururira buri muntu wese mu itorero, ababi n’abeza, bashaka kuza cyangwa batabishaka! Uyu mugani ntuvuga ko ku nkombe z’ikiyaga ari ho hantu heza ho kuvugira ubutumwa. Uyu mugani ntunemeza ko kuzamurwa kw’itorero bizaba kw’iherezo rya cya gihe cyo gutoteza gukomeye. Nta n’ubwo uyu mugani ushaka kutubwira ko agakiza kacu ari Imana ihitamo uwo igaha n’uwo itagaha kuko za fi zatoranijwe nta cyo zari zakoze ngo abe ari zo zitoranywa. Ntugatwerere umugani wa Yesu ubusobanuro budafite ishingiro!

Kuba Maso

(Remaining Ready)

Hari undi mugani tumenyereye cyane, umugani w’abakobwa cumi:

Icyo gihe ubwami bwo mu ijuru buzagereranywa [busa] n’abakobwa cumi bajyanye amatabaza yabo, bajya gusanganira umukwe. Ariko muri abo cumi, abatanu bari abapfu, abandi batanu bari abanyabwenge. Abapfu bajyanye amatabaza yabo ntibajyana n’amavuta, ariko abanyabwenge bo bajyana amavuta mu mperezo zabo hamwe n’amatabaza yabo. Umukwe atinze bose barahunikira, barasinzira. Ariko nijoro mu gicuku habaho urusaku ngo ‘Umukwe araje, nimusohoke mumusanganire!’ Maze ba bakobwa bose barahaguruka baboneza amatabaza yabo. Abapfu babwira abanyabwenge bati, ‘Nimuduhe ku mavuta yanyu, kuko amatabaza yacu azima.’ Ariko abanyabwenge barabahakanira bati, ‘Oya, ntiyadukwira twese, ahubwo nimujye mu bahanjuzi muyigurire.’ Bagiye kugura, umukwe araza, abari biteguye binjirana na we mu bukwe, urugi rurakingwa. Hanyuma ba bakobwa bandi nabo baraza, barahamagara bati, ‘Nyakubahwa, dukingurire.’ Na we arabasubiza ati, ‘Ndababwira ukuri yuko ntabazi.’ Nuko mube maso kuko mutazi umunsi cyangwa igihe (Mat. 25:1-13).

Ni iyihe nyigisho y’ingenzi dukura muri uyu mugani? Tuyisanga mu nteruro ya nyuma: Mube maso mutegereje kugaruka k’Umwami, kuko ashobora gutinda kurusha igihe mwari mumwiteguye. Ni ibyo.

Nk’uko nari nabivuze mu gice giheruka, Yesu yaciriye uyu mugani bamwe mu bigishwa be b’inkoramutima (reba Mat. 24:3; Mariko 13:3), bigaragara ko bamukurikiraga bamugandukira cyane icyo gihe. Icyumvikana neza rero muri uyu mugani ni uko byashobokaga ko Yesu ashobora kugaruka agasanga Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya batiteguye. Ni cyo gituma Yesu yabihanangirizaga. Bityo uyu mugani uratwigisha ko bishoboka ko abiteguye uyu munsi bategereje kugaruka kwa Kristo bashobora kuzaba batiteguye igihe azaba agarutse koko. Ba bakobwa uko ari icumi ubundi bose bari batangiye biteguye, ariko batanu baza gusangwa batiteguye. Iyo umukwe aza kugaruka mbere, ba bandi bose cumi baba barashoboye kwinjira mu birori by’ubukwe.

None se kuba havugwa batanu b’abapfu na batanu b’abanyabwenge bishatse kuvuga iki? Mbese birasobanura ko Kristo nagaruka azasanga kimwe cya kabiri cy’abizera ari bo biteguye gusa? Oya.

Amavuta se asobanura iki? Arasobanura Umwuka Wera se? Oya. Bishatse se kuvuga ko ababatijwe mu Mwuka Wera ari bo bonyine bazajya mu ijuru? Oya.

Kugaruka k’umukwe hagati mu gicuku se birerekana ko Yesu azagaruka mu gicuku hagati? Oya.

Mbese kuki umukwe atabwiye ba bakobwa batanu b’abanyabwenge ngo bajye kureba bagenzi babo b’abapfu ku muryango? Iyo umukwe aza gutuma abanyabwenge gushaka ba bandi b’abapfu umugani uba waratakaje intego yawo, kuko amaherezo ba batanu b’abapfu na bo bari kwinjira.

Ahāri twavuga ko bitewe n’uko ba bakobwa b’abapfu batari bagifite urumuri bigiriye kuryama, bityo rero abizera batangiye kugendera mu mwijima wo mu buryo bw’umwuka barasinzira mu mwuka, nuko bikabageza ku gucirwaho iteka. Ahāri na none umuntu yagereranya ibi birori by’ubukwe bivugwa muri uyu mugani n’ibirori by’ubukwe bw’Umwana w’intama bizaba mu ijuru; aho ni ho umuntu yagarukira adashatse kwishyiriraho ibye umugani ubwawo utavuga cyangwa ngo ajye gusobanura buri kantu kose kavugwa mu mugani.

Kwera Imbuto

(Bearing Fruit)

Ngirango nabēra nta nsobanuro mbi nigeze numva nk’iyo numvanye umuvugabutumwa umwe asobanura ibya wa mugani wa Kristo w’amasaka n’urukungu. Reka tubanze tuwusome:

Nuko abacira undi mugani aravuga ati, “Ubwami bwo mu ijuru bugereranywa [busa] n’umuntu wabibye imbuto nziza mu murima we, nuko abantu basinziriye, umwanzi araza abiba urukungu mu masaka ye, aragenda. Nuko amaze kumera no kwera, urukungu na rwo ruraboneka. Abagaragu be baraza babaza umutware bati, “Mutware, ntiwabibye imbuto nziza mu murima wawe? None urukungu rurimo rwavuye he?” Ati, “Umwanzi ni we wagize atyo!” Abagaragu baramubaza bati, “Noneho urashaka ko tugenda tukarurandura?” Na we ati, “Oya; ahari nimurandura urukungu murarurandura n’amasaka, mubireke bikurane byombi bigere igihe cyo gusarurwa. Mu isarura nzabwira abasaruzi nti, ‘Mubanze muteranye urukungu muruhambire imitwaro rutwikwe, maze amasaka muyahunike mu kigega cyanjye'” (Mat. 13:24-30).

Dore rero uko uwo muvugabutumwa yawusobanuraga:

Biragaragara ko igihe amasaka yameraga n’urukungu rukamera byombi byasaga cyane. Nta muntu n’umwe wagashoboye kubitandukanya. Uko ni na ko bimeze mu isi no mu itorero. Nta n’umwe ushobora kumenya umukristo nyakuri ngo amutandukanye n’utizera. Ntiwabamenyera ku buryo bitwara mu mibereho yabo, kuko abakristo benshi ntaho batandukaniye n’abatizera mu kutumvira Kristo. Imana yonyine ni yo izi imitima yabo, ku mperuka izabavangura. .

Birumvikana rwose ko icyo atari cyo uwo mugani w’urukungu mu masaka ushaka kuvuga! Mu by’ukuri uwo mugani uravuga ahubwo ko abizera byoroshye cyane kubamenya ukabatandukanya n’abapagani. Urabona ko igihe amasaka yari amaze kumera no kwera abagaragu bamenye ko hatewemo urukungu (reba umurungo wa 26). Urukungu nta mbuto rwera; icyo ni cyo umuntu amenyeraho bitamuruhije ko ari urukungu. Ndumva bifite icyo bivuga kubona Yesu yaratoranyije ko ikintu kitagira imbuto nk’urukungu ari cyo agereranya n’abanyabyaha bazateranyirizwa hamwe ku munsi w’imperuka maze bagatabwa mu muriro.

Iby’ingenzi uyu mugani ushatse kuvuga biragaragara cyane: Abakijijwe nyakuri bera imbuto; abadakijijwe nta mbuto bera. N’ubwo Imana itaracira iteka ku banyabyaha babana n’abakijijwe, umunsi umwe izabatandukanya n’abakiranutsi maze ibajugunye mu muriro.

Ubundi Yesu uyu mugani wo yanawutangiye insobanuro, nta n’impamvu yatuma umuntu yimena umutwe ashakisha ibindi birenze uko yawusobanuye:

Ubiba imbuto nziza ni Umwana w’umuntu, umurima ni isi, imbuto nziza ni zo bana b’ubwami, urukungu ni abana b’Umubi, umwanzi warubibye ni Umwanzi, isarura ni imperuka y’isi, Abasaruzi ni abamarayika. Nk’uko urukungu rurandurwa rugatwikwa, ni ko bizaba ku mperuka y’isi. Umwana w’umuntu azatuma abamarayika be, bateranye ibintu bigusha byose n’inkozi z’ibibi babikure mu bwami bwe, babajugunye mu itanura ry’umuriro. Ni ho bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo. Icyo gihe abakiranutsi bazarabagirana nk’izuba mu bwami bwa se. Ufite amatwi niyumve. (Mat. 13:36-43).

Imvugo ikabya

(Hyperbole)

Indi mvugo ikunze kuboneka cyane muri Bibiliya ni imvugo ikabya/ihanika (hyperbole). Iyo mvugo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo gukabya ishusho y’ibintu cyane ugamije kubishimangira no kumvikanisha uburemere bwabyo. Iyo umubyeyi abwiye umwana we ati, “Naguhamagaye incuro igihumbi ngo utahe uze kurya,” ni iyo mvugo iba ikoreshejwe. Urugero rw’iyo mvugo ikabya muri Bibiliya twarufatira kuri ya magambo ya Yesu avuga ngo umuntu akwiye guca ikiganza cye cy’iburyo akagita:

N’ikiganza cyawe cy’iburyo nikikugusha, ugice ugite kure. Ibyiza ni uko wabura urugingo rwawe rumwe, biruta ko umubiri wawe wose wajugunywa muri Gehinomu (Mat. 5:30).

Niba Yesu yarashakaga kuvuga koko ko buri wese muri twe ukoze icyaha agikoresheje ikiganza cye cy’iburyo agomba kugica akagita, twese ntawe uba agifite ikiganza cy’iburyo! Birumvikana ko gukora ibyaha mu by’ukuri bidaturuka ku biganza byacu. Ahubwo ikigaragara cyane ni uko Yesu yarimo atwigisha ko icyaha gishobora kuduta muri Gehinomu, kandi ko uburyo bwo kukirinda ari ugukuraho ibitugerageza n’ibindi bintu byose byashobora kutugusha.

Imvugo Isānisha Imana n’abantu

(Anthropomorphism)

Imvugo ya gatatu iboneka mu Byanditswe Byera ni imvugo isānisha Imana n’abantu (anthropomorphism). Iyo mvugo ikoresha uburyo bwo kwitirira Imana ibintu ubusanzwe bigirwa n’abantu, intego ari ugufasha abantu gusobanukirwa Imana neza. Urugero dusoma mu Itangiriro 11:5 ngo:

Uwiteka amanurwa no kureba umudugudu n’inzu ndende, abana b’abantu bubatse (Itang. 11:5).

Iyi ni imvugo yo gusānisha Imana n’abantu kuko bitumvikana ukuntu Imana izi byose igomba gufata urwo rugendo rwose rwo kuva mu ijuru ijya i Babeli kugenzura inyubako abantu bazamuye!

Abahanga b’abashakashatsi ba Bibiliya bavuga ko amagambo yose ya Bibiliya avuga ku bice by’umubiri w’Imana, nk’amaboko yayo, ibiganza, izuru, amaso n’umusatsi, ari iyo mvugo isānisha Imana n’abantu. Bakavuga ko mu by’ukuri, Imana ishobora byose idafite bene ibyo bice by’umubiri nk’abantu.

Ariko jye sinemeranya na bo bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye. Ubwa mbere, kubera ko Ibyanditswe bivuga ko twaremwe mu ishusho y’Imana:

Imana iravuga iti, “Tureme umuntu mu ishusho yacu ase natwe” (Itang. 1:26).

Bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko twaremwe mu ishusho y’ Imana tugasa na yo mu buryo gusa bw’uko dufite natwe ubushobozi bwo kwimenya tukamenya ko turiho (self-awareness), tukagira inshingano zo kumenya ko tugomba kwitwara neza mu bunyangamugayo, ubushbozi bwo gutekereza n’ibindi. Nyamara reka dusome andi magambo asa cyane n’ayo mu Itangiriro 1:26, avugwa nyuma y’ibice bicye gusa ukomeje gusoma uvuye aho:

Kandi Adamu amaze imyaka ijana na mirongo itatu avutse, abyara umuhungu ufite ishusho ye, usa na we, amwita Seti (Itang. 5:3).

Ibi biragaragaza nta gushidikanya ko Seti yasaga na se mu buryo agaragara mu miterere ye y’umubiri. Niba ari cyo bisobanura rero mu Itangiriro 5:3, ntitwashidikanya ko na none ayo magambo amwe ari cyo avuga mu Itangiriro 1:26. Imyumvire myiza n’insobanuro ishyize mu gaciro bikumvisha ko ibyo ari cy bivuga.

Byongeye kandi hari Ibyanditswe Byera bivuga imiterere y’Imana byanditswe n’abantu bayibonye. Urugero ni Mose ari kumwe n’abandi Bisirayeli mirongo irindwi na batatu babonye Imana:

Maze Mose na Aroni na Nadabu na and Abihu, n’abakuru b’Abisirayeli mirongo irindwi bareba Imana y’Abisirayeli: munsi y’ibirenge byayo hameze nk’amabuye ashashwe ya safiro ibonerana, ahwanye n’ijuru ry’umupyēmure ubwaryo. Kandi abatoranijwe b’Abisirayeli ntiyarambura ikiganza cyayo ngo ibarwanye. Bareba Imana, bararya, baranywa (Kuva 24:9-11).

Iyo uza kubaza Mose niba Imana ifite ibiganza n’ibirenge, urumva aba yarakubwiye ngo iki?[2]

Umuhanuzi Daniyeli na we yeretswe Imana Data n’Imana Umwana:

Nkomeza kwitegereza kugeza aho bashyiriyeho intebe z’ubwami, haza Umukuru nyir’ibihe byose [Imana Data] aricara. Imyambaro ye yeraga nka shelegi, umusatsi we wasaga nk’ubwoya bw’intama bwera. Intebe y’ubwami bwe yasaga n’ibirimi by’umuriro ugurumana. Imbere ye hatembaga umuriro, uduhambagiza baramukoreraga kandi inzovu incuro inzovu bari bamuhagaze imbere. Imanza zirashingwa, ibitabo birabumburwa ….Hanyuma nkitegereza ibyo neretswe nijoro, mbona haje usa n’umwana w’umuntu [Imana Umwana] aziye mu bicu byo mu ijuru, aza umujyo umwe asanga wa Mukuru nyir’ibihe byose bamumugeza imbere. Nuko ahabwa ubutware n’icyubahiro n’ubwami, kugira ngo abantu b’amoko yose y’indimi zitari zimwe bajye bamukorera. Ubutware bwe ni ubutware bw’iteka ryose butazashira, kandi ubwami bwe ni ubwami butazakurwaho (Dan. 7:9-10, 13-14).

Iyo uza kubaza Daniyeli niba Imana igira umusatsi wera cyangwa niba iteye ku buryo ishobora kwicara ku ntebe, urumva yari kukubwira iki?

Nshingiye kuri ibyo byose, jye nemera neza ko Imana Data ifite ukuntu iteye mu buryo bw’icyubahiro n’ubwiza ariko ikaba imeze nk’umuntu, n’ubwo yo ari umwuka ikaba idafite inyama n’amaraso (reba Yohana 4:24).

Mbese wakoresha ute ubushishozi mu Byanditswe kugira ngo umenye niba wabifata nk’uko ubisoma cyangwa niba ari ibigereranyo cyangwa ibishushanyo? Ubundi ibyo ntibyaruhanyije ku muntu wese utekereza neza. Ibyanditswe byose ubifate nk’uko byanditswe, keretse niba nta bundi buryo bw’ubwenge bwakoreshwa uretse gusobanura ibyanditswe mu buryo bw’imigani. Urugero nk’ubuhanuzi bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera hamwe n’igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe, biragaragara ko birimwo ibigereranyo n’ibishushanyo byinshi, bimwe muri byo birasobanuye, ibindi nta busobanuro. Ariko ibyo bigereranyo usanga bitaruhije kubisobanukirwa.

Itegeko rya 2: Soma ukurikije ibivugwa muri rusange (contextually). Buri gice cyose cyo mu Byanditswe kigomba gusobanurwa hakurikijwe ibindi bice bigikikije ndetse na Bibiliya yose. Kandi n’amateka n’umuco bigomba gutekerezwaho igihe cyose bishoboka.

Gusoma Ibyanditswe utitaye ku kivugwa muri rusange aho ngaho no muri Bibiliya yose bishobora kuba ari yo ntandaro ya mbere ituma abantu bagoreka Ibyanditswe.

Birashoboka kuvugisha Bibiliya ibyo ushaka kuyivugisha byose ufashe agace gato ukwako ukagatandukanya n’andi magambo biri kumwe. Urugero, wari uzi ko Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana itabaho? Muri Zaburi 14 haranditswe ngo, “Nta Mana iriho” (Zab. 14:1). Dushatse gusobanura ayo magambo neza nyamara, tugomba kuyasomana n’andi biri kumwe: “Umupfapfa ajya yibwira ati, ‘Nta Mana iriho'” (Zab. 14:1). Noneho uyu murongo uhinduye cyane insobanuro!

Urundi rugero: Nigeze kumva umuvugabutumwa yigisha avuga ko abakristo bagomba “kubatizwa mu muriro.” Atangira kubwiriza yasomye amagambo ya Yohana Umubatiza ari muri Matayo 3:11: “Jyeweho ndababatirisha amazi ngo mwihane, ariko uzaza hanyuma yanjye andusha ubushobozi, ntibinkwiriye no kumutwaza inkweto. Ni we uzababatirisha Umwuka Wera n’umuriro.”

Ashingira kuri uwo murongo maze arabwiriza. Ndibuka avuga ati, “Kuba warabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera gusa ntibihagije! Yesu arashaka kukubatiza no mu muriro nk’uko Yohana Umubatiza yavuze!” Arakomeza ati iyo tumaze “kubatizwa mu muriro,” twuzura ishyaka ryo gukorera Umwmi. Hanyuma arangije ahamagara abantu bashaka “kubatizwa mu muriro.”

Ikibabaje, uwo muvugabutumwa yakoze ikosa rikunze gukorwa ryo gufata ijambo ukarikura mu yandi biri kumwe.

Yohana Umubatiza yashakaga kuvuga iki avuga ko Yesu azabatiza mu muriro? Igisubizo ukibona usomye imirongo ibiri ibanziriza uwo murongo n’undi umwe uwukurikira. Reka dutangirire kuri iyo ibiri iwubanziriza. Yohana arababwihana arababwira ati:

Ntimukibwire muti, “Dufite Aburahamu ni we sogokuruza”; ndandababwira yuko Imana ibasha guhindurira Aburahamu abana muri aya mabuye. Ndetse ubu intorezo igezwe ku bishyitsi by’ibiti, nuko igiti cyose kitera imbuto nziza kizacibwa, kijugunywe mu muriro (Mat. 3:9-10).

Icya mbere tubonamo ni uko abenshi mu bari bateze Yohana amatwi ari Abayuda bumvaga ko agakiza kabo gashingiye ku nkomoko yabo. Bityo rero iyi nyigishBityo rero iyi nyigisho ya Yohana kwari ukubwiriza.

Ikindi tubona ni uko Yohana yarimo aburira abantu yuko abadakijijwe bari mu kaga ko kuzatabwa mu muriro. Umuntu yaba ashyize mu gaciro avuze ko “umuriro” Yohana avuga mu murongo wa 10 ari na wo avuga mu murongo wa 11.

Ibi birushaho gusobanuka neza ndetse iyo dusomye umurongo wa 12:

“Intara ye iri mu kuboko kwe kandi azeza imbuga ye cyane, amasaka ye azayahunika mu kigega, ariko umurama wo azawucanisha umuriro utazima” (Mat. 3:12).

Haba mu murongo wa 10 no mu wa 12, hombi umuriro Yohana avuga ni umuriro wa Gehinomu. Mu murongo wa 12, aravuga mu buryo bugereranya bwo kwitirira ikintu ikindi avuga koYesu azagabanya abantu mo ibice bibiri–amasaka, ari yo “azashyira mu kigega,” n’umurama azacanisha “umuriro utazima.”

Dukurikije imirongo ikikije uwo murongo, Yohana agomba kuba yarashakaga kuvuga mu murongo wa 11 ko Yesu azabatiza bamwe mu Mwuka Wera, niba ari abizera, abandi akababatiza mu muriro, niba ari abatizera. Ubwo ari uko bimeze nta muntu ukwiye kwigisha ko abakristo bagomba kubatizwa mu muriro!

Turenze igice cy’ibyanditswe iyo mirongo irimo, tugomba no kureba icyo ibindi Byanditswe byose by’Isezerano Rishya bivuga. Mbese hari aho dushobora kubona urugero mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa rw’abakristo bavugwa ko “babatijwe mu muriro”? Oya. Ikintu gipfa kujya gusa n’ibyo ni uburyo Luka avuga uko ku munsi wa pantekote byagenze ubwo abigishwa babatizwaga mu Mwuka Wera indimi z’umuriro zikagaragara ku mitwe yabo. Ariko Luka ntabwo yigeze avuga ko kwari “ukubatizwa mu muriro.” Cyangwa se hari aho dushobora kubona na hamwe mu nzandiko zitandukanye zandikiwe abakristo, aho baba barigeze bahugurirwa “kubatizwa mu muriro”? Oya. Ni cyo gituma nta mpungenge mu kwanzura tuvuga ko nta mukristo ukwiriye gushaka umubatizo wo mu muriro.

Ubutumwa bw’ibinyoma buturuka ku Byanditswe Byera

( A False Gospel Derived From Scripture)

Kenshi na kenshi ubutumwa bwiza ubwabwo bujya butangwa nabi n’abavugabutumwa n’abigisha bumva nabi Ibyanditswe kuko badashoboye gusobanukirwa ibyo icyo gice cyose ibyo Byanditswe birimo gishatse kuvuga muri rusange. Ni yo mpamvu inyigisho z’ibinyoma zigwiriye ku byerekeye ubuntu bw’Imana.

Urugero, amagambo ya Pawulo mu Abefeso 2:8 avuga ko agakiza ari ku buntu atari ku bw’imirimo, yakoreshejwe nabi hanyuma bayabyazamo ubutumwa bw’ibinyoma bitewe no kudasobanukirwa icyo yari abivugiye igihe yabivugiye n’uburyo yabivuzemo. Pawulo yaranditse ati:

Mwakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera, ntibyavuye kuri mwe ahubwo ni impano y’Imana. Ntibyavuye no ku mirimo kugira ngo hatagira umuntu wirarira (Ef. 2:8-9).

Abenshi bibanda kuri ayo magambo gusa ya Pawulo avuga ku gukizwa n’ubuntu atari ku bw’imirimo. Bahereye aho bagatana, ku buryo bunyuranyije n’icyo amagana y’ibindi Byanditswe yemeza, bakavuga ko gukizwa ntaho bihuriye no kwera no gukiranuka. Bamwe ndetse bajya kure bakageza n’aho bavuga ko ku bw’iyo mpamvu kwihana atari ngombwa ngo umuntu akizwe. Uru ni urugero rufatika rw’ukuntu Ibyanditswe bigorekwa bitewe n’uko icyo igice byanditswemo kivuga muri rusange kitumvikanye.

Reka tubanze turebe icyo mu by’ukuri ayo magambo avuga mu bwuzure bwayo. Pawulo ntavuga ko twakijijwe n’ubuntu, ahubwo avuga ko twakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera. Kwizera, kimwe n’ubuntu, ni kimwe mu bigomba kuhaba kugira ngo agakiza kabeho. Ibyanditswe byemeza ko kwizera kutagira imirimo ntacyo kumaze, kuba gupfuye, kandi ntigushobora gukiza (reba Yak. 2:14-26). Bityo rero Pawulo ntavuga ko gukiranuka ntacyo bimaze mu gakiza. Aravuga ko imbaraga zacu atari zo zidukiza; ishingiro ry’agakiza kacu ni ubuntu bw’Imana. Ntitwari gushobora gukizwa iyo hatabaho ubuntu bw’Imana, ariko mu by’ukuri igihe twakiriye ubwo buntu bw’Imana mu kwizera ni ho agakiza kabaho mu bugingo bwacu. Iteka agakiza gakurikirwa no kumvira, ni yo mbuto yo kwizera kuzima. Tutagiye kure tukareba gusa umurongo ukurikiraho icyo uvuga, ibyo birumvikana neza. Pawulo aravuga ati:

Kuko turi abo yaremye ituremeye imirimo myiza muri Kristo Yesu, iyo Imana yiteguriye kera kugira ngo tuyigenderemo (Ef. 2:10).

Impamvu rero twahinduwe bashya n’Umwuka Wera, ubu tukaba turi ibyaremwe bishya muri Kristo, kwari ukugira ngo dushbore kugendera mu mirimo myiza yo kumvira. Uko Pawulo rero avuga agakiza biteye bitya:

Ubuntu + Kwizera = Gukizwa + Kumvira

Bishatse kuvuga ngo, ubuntu wongeyeho kwizera bibyara (cyangwa bitanga) gukizwa hamwe no kumvira. Iyo ubuntu bw’Imana bwakiriwe hakabaho kwizera, iteka icyo bibyara ni agakiza n’imirimo myiza.

Nyamara abatandukanyije amagambo ya Pawulo n’ibindi Byanditswe biri kumwe na yo, baremangatanije ishusho y’agakiza iteye itya:

Ubuntu + Kwizera – Kumvira = Agakiza

Biravuga ko, ubuntu woneyeho kwizera hatarimo (cyangwa ukuyemo) kumvira bibyara (cyangwa bitanga) gukizwa. Ukurikije Bibiliya ubwo ni ukuyoba.

Iyo dukomeje gusoma gato tukareba ibindi Byanditswe biri kumwe n’ayo magambo Pawulo yavuze, na none duhita duhishurirwa ko muri Efeso ibintu byari bimeze nk’uko byameraga ahandi hose Pawulo yabwirizaga ubutumwa bwiza. Ni ukuvuga ko Abayuda bigishaga abizeye bashya bo mu banyamahanga ko bagomba gukebwa no kubahiriza imwe mu mihango yo mu mategeko ya Mose niba bashaka gukizwa. Ni imirimo yo gukebwa n’indi mihango Pawulo yari afite mu bitekerezo igihe yavugaga ko gukizwa kwacu bitavuye no ku “mirimo” (reba Ef. 2:11-22).

Iyo dukomeje tukigera imbere dusoma, kugira ngo twongere turebe muri rusange icyo urwandiko rwa Pawulo rwavugaga yandikira Abefeso, tubona neza ko Pawulo yizeraga ko kwera no gukiranuka ari ngombwa cyane kugira ngo umuntu akizwe:

Ariko gusambana n’ibyonona byose no kurarikira ntibikavugwe rwose muri mwe nk’uko bikwiriye abera, cyangwa ibiteye isoni cyangwa amagambo y’ubupfu, cyangwa amashyengo mabi kuko ibyo bidakwiriye, ahubwo mushime Imana. Kuko ibi mubizi neza yuko ari nta musambanyi cyangwa ukora ibyonona cyangwa urarikira, ari we usenga ibigirwamana, ufite ibyo azaragwa mu bwami bwa Kristo n’Imana. Ntihakagire umuntu ubohēsha amagambo y’ubusa, kuko ibyo ari byo bizanira umujinya w’Imana abatayumvira (Ef. 5:3-6).

Iyo Pawulo aza kuba yizera ko ubuntu bw’Imana buhagije gukiza umusambanyi udashaka kubivamo, cyangwa ukora ibyonona cyangwa urarikira, ntaba yarigeze yandika aya magambo. Icyo Pawulo yari agamije kuvuga mu magambo yanditse mu Abefeso 2:8-9 gishobora kumvikana neza gusa ufatiye ayo magambo muri rusange rw’urwandiko rwe rwose yandikiye Abefeso.

Uko Igitabo cy’Abagalatiya cyagoretswe

(The Galatian Fiasco)

Amagambo ya Pawulo mu rwandiko rwe yandikiye Abagalatiya na yo yasobanuwe hadakurikijwe impamvu rusange y’urwandiko. Icyo byabyaye ni ukugoreka ubutumwa bwiza, kandi ari byo nyine Pawulo yashakaga gukosora yandikira Abagalatiya.

Inanganyamatsiko y’urwandiko rwa Pawulo yandikira Abagalatiya ni “Agakiza gaheshwa no kwizera, ntibituruka ku mirimo y’amategeko.” Ariko se Pawulo yari agamije ko abazasoma urwandiko rwe bazumva ko kwera no gukiranuka atari ngombwa kugira ngo wemererwe kwinjira mu bwami bw’Imana? Birumvikana ko atari byo.

Ubwa mbere turabona ko aha na none Pawulo yarwanaga n’Abayuda bari baje i Galatiya bakajya bigisha abizeye bashya ko badashobora gukizwa badakebwe kandi batubahirije amategeko ya Mose. Pawulo avuga kenshi mu rwandiko rwe kuri icyo kintu cyo gukebwa by’umwihariko, kuko bigaragara ko abo banyamategeko b’Abayuda ari cyo bibandagaho cyane (reba Gal. 2:3, 7-9, 12; 5:2-3, 6, 11; 6:12-13, 15). Pawulo ntiyari ahangayikishijwe n’uko abizera b’Abagalatiya barimo bakabya cyane kumvira amategeko ya Kristo; yari ahangayikishijwe n’uko kwizera kwabo batakigushyira kuri Kristo ku bwo gukizwa kwabo, ahubwo bakagushyira ku gukebwa no mu kugerageza gukurikiza amategeko ya Mose.

Iyo tureba impamvu muri rusange y’urwandiko rwa Pawulo yandikiye Abagalatiya, tubona ko mu gice cya 5 yandika ati:

Ariko niba muyoborwa n’Umwuka, ntimuba mugitwarwa n’amategeko. Dore imirimo ya kamere iragaragara ni iyi: gusambana no gukora ibiteye isoni n’iby’isoni nke, no gusenga ibishushanyo, no kuroga no kwangana no gutongana, n’ishyari n’umujinya n’amahane, no kwitandukanya no kwirema ibice, no kugomanwa no gusinda, n’ibiganiro bibi n’ibindi bias bityo. Ndababwira hakiri kare nk’uko nababwiye kera, yuko abakora ibisa bityo batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (Gal. 5:18-21).

Iyo Pawulo aza kuba agamije ko Abagalatiya bumva ko babaho ubuzima butejejwe kandi bakazajya mu ijuru, ntaba yarigeze yandika narimwe amagambo nk’ayo. Ubutumwa bwe ntibwavugaga ko abantu batejejwe bashobora kujya mu ijuru, ahubwo yavugaga ko abahindura ubusa ubuntu bw’Imana n’igitambo cya Kristo bagerageza kugera ku gakiza ku bwo gukebwa n’amategeko ya Mose badashobora gukizwa. Si ugukebwa kuzana agakiza. Kwizera Yesu ni byo bitanga agakiza gahindura abizera ibyaremwe bishya byera:

Kuko gukebwa kutagira umumaro cyangwa kudakebwa, keretse kuba ikiremwa gishya (Gal. 6:15).

Na none ibi byose ni ukutwereka ko ari ngombwa cyane kureba muri rusange ikigamijwe mu gice Ibyanditswe birimo kugira ngo ubisobanukirwe neza. Uburyo bumwe gusa ubutumwa bwiza bushobora kugorekwa biciye mu Ijambo ry’Imana ni mu kudasobanukirwa icyo Ibyanditswe byose ubifatiye hamwe muri rusange bishatse kuvuga (context). Dushobora gusa kwibaza ku mitima y'”abakozi b’Imana” bakora bene ibyo mu buryo bigaragara cyane ko babikoze babigambiriye.

Urugero, nigeze kumva umuvugabutumwa avuga ko tutagomba narimwe kuvuga ijambo “umujinya w’Imana” igihe tubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, ngo kuko Bibiliya ivuga ngo, “kugira neza kw’Imana ni ko kukurehereza kwihana” (Rom. 2:4). Ngo bityo rero, uburyo nyabwo bwo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza ni ukuvuga gusa ku rukundo rw’Imana no kugira neza kwayo. Ngo ibyo byatuma abantu bagera ku kwihana.

Nyamara iyo turebeye uwo murongo mu byanditswe umuvugabutumwa yawukuyemo, igice cya kabiri cy’igitabo cy’Abaroma, tubona ko uwo murongo ukikijwe n’ibyanditswe bivuga ku rubanza rw’Imana n’umujinya wayo wera! Igihita kigaragara muri ibyo byanditswe ni uko bidashoboka na gato ko ibyo Pawulo yashakaga kuvuga byagira aho bihurira n’ibyo uwo muvugabutumwa yabwirizaga:

Ariko tuzi yuko iteka Imana izacira ku bakora bene ibyo ari iry’ukuri. Wowe muntu ucira urubanza abakora bene ibyo nawe ukabikora, mbese wibwira yuko uzakira iteka ry’Imana, kandi usuzugura ubutunzi bwo kugira neza kwayo, n’ubw’imbabazi zayo, n’ubwo kwihangana? Ntuzi yuko kugira neza kw’Imana ari ko kukurehereza? Ariko kuko ufite umutima unangiye utihana, wirindirije umujinya uzaba ku munsi w’uburakari, ubwo amateka y’ukuri y’Imana azahishurwa, kuko Imana izītura umuntu wese ibikwiriye ibyo yakoze. Abashaka ubwiza n’icyubahiro no kudapfa, babishakisha gukora ibyiza badacogora, izabītura ubugingo buhoraho. Ariko abafite imitima ikunda kwirema ibice ntibumvire iby’ukuri ahubwo bakumvira gukiranirwa, izabītura umujinya n’uburakari n’amakuba n’ibyago. Ni byo izateza umuntu wese ukora ibyaha, uhereye ku Muyuda ukageza ku Mugiriki (Rom. 2:2-9).

Kugira neza kw’Imana Pawulo avuga ni uburyo Imana itinza umujinya wayo! Umuntu rero akibaza ukuntu umukozi w’Imana ashobora kuvuga ibintu nk’ibyo bidafite ishingiro, kandi areba ukuntu Bibiliya yuzuye ingero nyinshi z’abavugabutumwa baburiraga abanyabyaha mu ruhame babahamagarira kwihana.

Kutivuguruza kw’Ibyanditswe byera

(Scripture’s Consistency)

Bitewe n’uko Bibiliya yahumetswe n'”Umuntu” umwe, ubutumwa bwayo ni bumwe kuva ku ntangiriro ukageza ku iherezo ryayo. Iyo ni yo mpamvu dushobora kwiringira ko uburyo bwo gukoresha icyo ibyanditswe bivuga muri rusange (context) bwadufasha kumenya icyo Imana yari igamije kuvuga mu gice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’Ibyanditswe. Ntabwo Imana yavuga ikintu mu murongo umwe ngo kivuguruze undi murongo, kandi iyo bibaye nk’aho byumvikana bityo, tugomba gukomeza tugacukumbura kugeza ubwo imyumvire yacu kuri iyo mirongo yombi ihuza. Urugero, nko muri ya nyigisho ya Yesu yigishiriza ku musozi, bias nk’aho wagira ngo yavuguruzaga cyangwa agakosora amategeko yo mu Isezerano rya Kera. Urugero:

Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo, “ijisho rihōrerwe irindi, n’iryinyo rihōrerwe irindi.” Ariko jyewe ho ndababwira kutabuza umuntu mubi kubagirira nabi: ugukubise urushyi mu musaya w’iburyo, umuhindurire n’uw’ibumoso (Mat. 5:38-39).

Yesu yavugaga ibyanditswe mu mategeko ya Mose hanyuma ako kanya agahera ko avuga ibintu bisa nk’aho bivuguruza ayo mategeko yavuze. Wasobanura ute ibyo yavuze? Mbese Imana yaba yarahinduye imyumvire yayo ku byerekeranye n’uko abantu bakwiye kwifata? Mbese kwihōrera byari byemewe mu Isezerano rya Kera ariko mu Rishya bikaba bibujijwe? Kurebera hamwe muri rusange icyo ibyanditswe bivuga ni byo byadufasha gusobanukirwa.

Abo Yesu yabwiraga mbere na mbere ni abigishwa be (reba Mat. 5:1-2), abantu bari barumvise Ijambo ry’Imana biciye gusa mu nyigisho z’Abafarisayo n’abanditsi bigishirizaga mu masinagogi yabo. Aho ni ho bari barumviye amategeko y’Imana avugwa ngo, “Ijisho rihorwe irindi, n’iryinyo rihorwe irindi,” itegeko Abafarisayo n’abanditsi bari baragoretse ubusobanuro bwaryo bitewe no kutumva uko ibyanditswe biri kumwe naryo bivuga muri rusange. Ntabwo intego y’Imana yari uko iryo tegeko risobanurwa mu buryo bw’uko abantu bayo bagomba iteka kwihōrera ku gakosa ako ari ko kose bakorewe. Mu by’ukuri ahubwo mu mategeko ya Mose yavuze ko guhōra ari ukwayo (reba Guteg. 32:35), kandi ko abantu bayo bagomba kugirira neza abanzi babo (reba Kuva 23:4-5). Ariko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo birengagije ayo mategeko maze bihimbira insobanuro yabo y’itegeko ry’Imana ry’ “ijisho ku rindi”, ari ryo ryabaye intandaro yo kumva bafite uburenganzira bwo kwihōrera.[3] Ntibitaye ku cyo ibyanditswe bivuga muri rusange.

Itegeko ry’Imana ku byerekeye “ijisho ku jisho, n’iryinyo ku ryinyo” turisanga mu bijyanye n’amategeko y’Imana agaragaza uko ubutabera bukwiye kugenda mu nkīko za Isirayeli (reba Kuva 21:22-24; Guteg. 19:15-21). Gushyiraho imikorere y’inkīko ubwabyo biragaragaza ko Imana itishimiraga ibyo kwihōrera. Abacamanza batabera bashishoza bagashingira ku bimenyetso ni bo bashobora guca urubanza neza batabogamye kurusha abantu bahemukiwe bafite uruhande bamaze kubogamiramo. Imana icyo ishaka ni uko inkīko n’abacamanza bagena batabogamye ibihano bikwiranye neza neza n’ibyaha byakozwe. Ari byo rero bivugwa ngo, “ijisho ku jisho, n’iryinyo ku ryinyo.”

Ubwo bimeze bityo rero, noneho dushobora guhuza ibyasaga nk’aho bivuguruzanya. Yesu we yarimo afasha abamuteze amatwi, abantu bari barigishijwe inyigisho z’ibinyoma ubuzima bwabo bwose, abafasha gusobanukirwa neza ubushake nyakuri bw’Imana ku byo kwihōrera, kuko byari byarahishuwe mu mategeko ya Mose ariko bikagorekwa n’Abafarisayo. Yesu ntiyarimo avuguruza amategeko yahaye Mose. Ahubwo yerekanaga gusa insobanuro yayo y’umwimerere.

Ibi na none bidufasha kumva neza icyo Yesu adushakaho ku byerekeranye n’amakimbirane akomeye, bene ya yandi yatuma tujya mu rukiko. Imana ntiyashakaga ko hari akantu na gato kakwirengangizwa mu byaha Umwisirayeli yagiriwe na mugenzi we w’Umwisirayeli, bitari ibyo ntiyakabaye yarashyizeho uburyo bw’inkiko. Ni na ko kandi Imana idashaka ko hagira icyaha na kimwe kirengagizwa mu byo Umukristo yahemukiwe na mugenzi we w’umwizera (cyangwa utizera). Isezerano Rishya rivuga ko Abakristo bagiranye ibibazo iyo badashoboye kwiyunga ubwabo bagomba gushaka abandi bene Se b’abizera bakaza kubunga (reba 1 Kor. 6:1-6). Kandi nta kibi kirimo Umukristo kujyana utizera mu rukiko rusanzwe rw’isi igihe yamuhemukiye cyangwa bafitanye amakimbirane akomeye. Ibyaha bikomeye ni nk’umuntu kukumena ijisho cyangwa kugukubita akagukura iryinyo! Icyaha cyoroheje ni nk’ibyo Yesu yavuze nko gukubitwa urushyi ku itama, cyangwa guhuguzwa ikintu gito (nk’ishati), cyangwa se gutegekwa ku gahato kugenda igikingi kimwe (one mile). Imana yifuza ko abantu yayo bayigāna bakagirira imbabazi nyinshi abanyabyaha batagira icyo bitaho n’abantu babi.

Mu bijyanye n’ibyo turimo kuvuga, hari abakristo beza rwose, mu kwibwira ko ari ukumvira Yesu, bagiye banga kujyana mu nkiko abantu bafashe bība ibyabo. Bibwiraga ko barimo “guhindukiza undi musaya,” ariko ahubwo mu by’ukuri babaga barimo gutiza umujura umurindi wo kuzongera akiba n’abandi, nko kumwigisha ko mbese gukora icyaha nta ngaruka bigira. Bene abo Bakristo ntibaba bagaragarije urukundo undi muntu uwo ari we wese uzibwa n’uwo mujura ubutaha! Imana ishaka ko abajura bakanirwa urubakwiye kandi bakihana. Ariko umuntu aguhemukiye mu buryo budakomeye, nko kugukubita urushyi ku itama, ntukwiye kumujyana mu rukiko cyangwa ngo umukubite nawe. Ahubwo mwereke imbabazi n’urukundo.

Gusobanura Irya Kera tumurikiwe n’Irishya

(Interpreting the Old in Light of the New)

Ntitugomba gusa gusobanura Isezerano Rishya dushingiye ku Rya Kera ahubwo tugomba iteka gusobanura ibyanditswe byo mu Isezerano rya Kera dukoresheje Isezerano Rishya. Urugero hari abakristo b’abizerwa basomye amategeko ya Mose yerekeye ibyo kuziririza ibyo kurya hanyuma bakumva ko hari ibyo kurya runaka abakristo batagomba kurya bakurikije ayo mategeko ya Mose. Nyamara baramutse basomye nk’ahantu habiri gusa mu Isezerano Rishya basobanukirwa ko ayo mategeko ya Mose yo kuziririza ibyo kurya atareba abagengwa n’Isezerano Rishya:

Nuko arababwira [Yesu] ati, “Mbese namwe ntimugira ubwenge? Ntimuzi yuko ikintu kinjiye mu muntu kivuye inyuma atari cyo kimuhumanya, kuko kitajya mu mutima we ahubwo kijya mu nda, kikanyura mu nzira yacyo?” (Bityo yatangaje ko ibyokurya byose bitunganye) (Mariko 7:18-19).

Ariko Umwuka avuga yeruye ati “Mu bihe bizaza bamwe bazagwa bave mu byizerwa, bite ku myuka iyobya n’inyigisho z’abadayimoni” bayobejwe n’uburyarya bw’abigisha b’abanyabinyoma, bafite inkovu z’ibyaha mu mitima yabo nk’iz’ubushye, babuza kurongorana, baziririza ibyo kurya Imana yaremye kugira ngo abizera bakamenya ukuri babirye bashima, kuko ibyo Imana yaremye byose ari byiza, ntiharimo icyo gutabwa iyo cyakiranywe ishimwe, kuko cyezwa n’ijambo ry’Imana no gusenga (1 Tim. 4:1-5).

Mu Isezerano Rishya ntidutwarwa n’amategeko ya Mose, ahubwo dutwarwa n’amategeko ya Kristo (reba 1 Kor. 9:20-21). Nubwo nta gushidikanya ko Yesu yashyigikiye amategeko ya Mose mu byerekeranye n’imyifatire (akayashyira mu mategeko ya Kristo), nyamara yaba we cyangwa intumwa nta n’umwe wigeze yigisha ko abakristo bagomba gukomeza kugendera ku mategeko ya Yesu ku byerekeranye n’ibyo kurya.

Ariko na none birumvikana neza, ko Abakristo ba mbere, kuko bose bari Abayuda bahindutse, bakomeje kugendera ku mategeko y’isezerano rya kera agenga iby’imirire bitewe n’imyemerere ya gakondo yabo (reba Ibyakozwe 10:9-14). Hanyuma aho abanyamahanga batangiriye kwizera Yesu, Abakristo ba mbere b’Abayuda babasaba ko bakurikiza amategeko ya Mose yo kuziririza ibyo kurya bimwe na bimwe ku bwo kugira ngo gusa bubahirize bagenzi babo b’Abayuda byashobora gusitaza batabikoze (reba Ibyakozwe 15:1-21). Bityo rero nta kosa ririmo ko umukristo yubahiriza amategeko ya Mose yo kuziririza ibyo kurya, apfa gusa kuba atizera ko kubahiriza ayo mategeko ari byo bimuhesha agakiza.

Bamwe mu bakristo ba mbere na none bumvaga ko kurya inyama zatambiwe ibigirwamana ari icyaha. Pawulo ahugura abizera babibonaga ukundi (nka we ubwe ndetse) ababwira ko bagomba kugendera mu rukundo ntibabangamire bene Data bafite “kwizera kudakomeye” (reba Rom. 14:1), ngo batagira ikintu na kimwe bakora cyakomeretsa imitima yabo. Niba umuntu yirinze kurya ibyo kurya runaka kubw’imyizerere ye yo kubaha Imana (n’ubwo iyo myizerere ye yaba idafite ishingiro), akwiriye gushimwa ku bwo kubaha Imana kwe, ntabwo ari uwo gucirwaho iteka kubera imyumvire ye micye. Na none kandi abibuza kurya ibyo kurya runaka bitewe n’impamvu zabo bwite ntibakwiye gucira urubanza abirira byose. Abo bose bakwiye kubana mu rukundo, nk’uko Imana ibitegeka (reba Rom. 14:1-23).

Ibyo ari byo byose , bitewe n’uko Bibiliya ari ihishurirwa rigenda rikomerezaho, tugomba iteka gusobanura ihishurirwa rya kera cyane (Isezerano Rya Kera) tumurikiwe n’ihishurirwa rishya cyane (Isezerano Rishya). Nta hishurirwa na rimwe Imana yigeze itanga ngo rize rivuguruza irindi; iteka ihishurirwa riza ryuzuzanya n’irindi.

Gukurikiza Amateka n’Umuco

(Cultural and Historical Context)

Igihe icyo ari cyo cyose bishoboka na none, tugomba kureba amateka n’umuco biherekeje ibyo Byanditswe Byera turimo kwiga. Kumenya ikintu runaka umuco wihariye, cyangwa se imiterere y’ahantu havugwa muri Bibiliya n’amateka yaho bidufasha cyane mu gusobanukirwa ibintu ubundi tutakarushye tumenya. Na none birumvikana ko ibi bisaba kwifashisha ibindi bitabo bitari Bibiliya. Kwiga Bibiliya neza ubundi bisaba kugira ubwo bumenyi bundi.

Dore ingero nkeya hano z’ukuntu kugira ubumenyi ku mateka n’umuco bishobora kuturinda kuvangirwa igihe dusoma Bibiliya:

1.) Tujya dusoma mu Byanditswe Byera ukuntu abantu bamwe bazamukaga hejuru y’inzu (reba Ibyak. 10:9) cyangwa bagacukura hejuru y’inzu (reba Mariko 2:4). Birafasha kumenya ko muri Isirayeli muri icyo gihe cya Bibiliya inzu zaho zabaga zubatse ku buryo hejuru hasa nk’ahashashe, no kumenya ko inzu hafi ya zose zabaga hanze zifite ingazi zizamuka hejuru kuri ibyo bisenge bishashe. Iyo ibyo tutabizi, mu gihe dusomye muri Bibiliya ko umuntu yazamutse hejuru y’inzu, dushobora kumubona mu bitekerezo byacu arimo kugerageza kurira yinaganika ku biti by’igisenge agasingira agasongero k’inzu akagakomeza ngo atamanuka akitura hasi!

2.) Dusoma muri Mariko 11:12-14 ko Yesu yavumye igiti cy’umutini kuko kitari gifite imbuto, n’ubwo “kitāri igihe cyo kwera kw’imitini.” Birafasha kumenya ko imitini n’iyo atari igihe cyayo cyo kwera iba ifiteho imbuto nkeya; nuko rero Yesu ntiyari yibeshye ajya kuyishakiraho imbuto.

3.) Tubona muri Luka 7:37-48 umugore winjiye mu nzu y’umufarisayo aho Yesu yarīraga. Ibyanditswe bivuga ko yaje agahagarara inyuma ya Yesu hafi y’ibirenge bye arira, agatangira kumutonyangiriza amarira ku birenge abihanaguza umusatsi we, akabisoma abisiga amavuta meza ameze nk’amadahano.Twibaza ukuntu ibintu nk’ibyo byashoboka kandi Yesu yicaye ku meza afungura. Ese uwo mugore yaseseye munsi y’ameza? Yashoboye ate guca mu maguru y’abandi bari bicaye ku meza basangira na Yesu?

Igisubizo kiboneka mu magambo ya Luka avuga ko Yesu “yari yihengetse ku meza” (Luka 7:37). Uburyo bagenzaga barya muri icyo gihe, birambikaga hasi bagasa n’abaryamira urubavu begereye akameza kagufi, ukuboko kumwe bakakwishingikiriza, ukundi akaba ari ko barisha. Ni muri ubu buryo wa mugore yashoboye gushyikira ibirenge bya Yesu akamuramya.

Ibi na none bidufasha gusobanukirwa ukuntu Yohana yashoboye kwegamira mu gituza cya Yesu igihe cya rya Funguro Ryera Yesu araye ari bupfe, maze akamubaza ikibazo. Yohana yari yishingikirije ku rubavu umugongo awuteye Yesu na we ariko yihengetse bafungura, hanyuma Yohana ahindukiza umutwe awurambika mu gituza cya Yesu ngo amubaze ikibazo cye mu ibanga (reba Yohana 13:23-25). Igihangano cyamamaye cyane cy’umugabo DaVinci ashushanya Ifunguro Ryera rya Yesu n’Abigishwa be, aho agaragaza Yesu yicaye ku meza n’Abigishwa be batandatu uruhande rumwe n’abandi batandatu urundi ruhande, kigaragaza ubujiji bw’uwo muhanzi ku bya Bibiliya. Yari akeneye kumenya amateka agendanye n’ibyo!

Ikibazo Gikunze kubazwa ku myambarire

(A Common Question About Clothes)

Ikibazo nkunze kubazwa kenshi n’abapastori mu isi yose ni iki: “Mbese biremewe ko abagore bakijijwe bambara amapantalo, kandi Bibiliya ibuza abagore kwambara imyambaro y’abagabo?”

Icyo ni ikibazo cyiza dushobora gusubiza dukoresheje uburyo bwiza bukurikije amategeko yo gusobanura kandi mu kureba ibijyanye n’umuco.

Reka tubanze turebe uko Bibiliya ibuza abagore kwambara imyambaro y’abagabo (n’abagabo kwambara iy’abagore):

Umugore cyangwa umukobwa ntakambarane n’umugabo, kandi umugabo ntakambarane n’umugore, kuko ukora atyo wese ari ikizira Uwiteka Imana yawe yanga urunuka (Guteg. 22:5).

Dukwiye gutangira twibaza tuti, “Imana yari igamije iki mu gutanga iri tegeko?” Mbese intego yayo yari ukubuza abagore kwambara amapantalo?

Oya, icyo si cyo yari igamije, kuko nta mugabo muri Isirayeli wambaraga ipantalo igihe Imana yavugaga ibyo mbere na mbere. Ipantalo ntiyari umwaqmbaro w’umugabo cyangwa uw’undi uwo ari we wese ku bijyanye n’iryo tegeko. Ndetse ahubwo imyambaro abagabo bambaraga icyo gihe abenshi tubona yarasaga cyane n’imyambaro y’abagore muri iki gihe! Ako ni gato ku bijyanye n’amateka n’umuco kadufasha gusobanura neza icyo Imana yashakaga kuvuga.

None Imana yari igamije iki?

Wabonye ko uwambaraga wese imyambaro y’ikindi gitsina yabaga ari ikizira ku Uwiteka. Ibyo birakomeye cyane. Mbese umugabo afashe igitambaro cyo mu mutwe cy’umugore akacyitega mu mutwe amasegonda macye, ubwo aba ahindutse ikizira ku Uwiteka? Ibyo umuntu yabishidikanyaho cyane.

Ahubwo ikigaragara ni uko icyo Imana yarwanyaga ari uko umugore yakwambara nk’umugabo agambiriye kuba nk’umugabo cyangwa umugabo akambara imyambaro y’abagore agambiriye gusa n’umugore. Mbese kuki umuntu yakora bene ibyo? Ni uko aba yiringiye ko mu kwambara atyo byatuma akurura umuntu bahuje igitsina, ubwo ni uburyo bwo kwangirika mu byerekeye ubusabane mpuzabitsina bwitwa mu rurimi rw’icyongereza “transvestitism”. Ndibwira ko dushobora kumva ukuntu ibyo byaba ikizira ku Uwiteka.

Bityo rero nta wafata umwanzuro avuga mu by’ukuri ko ari icyaha ku mugore kwambara ipantalo ahereye ku Gutegeka kwa kabiri 22:5, keretse uwo mugore abikora muri bwa buryo twvuze haruguru bwa “transvestitism”. Ariko mu gihe agaragara neza ko ari umugore, nta cyaha aba akoze mu kwambara ipantalo.

Ariko nyine na none Bibiliya ivuga ko abagore bakwiye kwambara imyambaro ikwiriye (reba 1 Tim. 2:9), bityo rero amapantalo abafata cyane akerekana uko bateye kose ntabwo akwiriye (cyo kimwe n’amakanzu cyangwa amajipo abahambiriye cyane) kuko bishobora kugusha abagabo mu irari. Imyinshi mu myambaro abagore bo mu bihugu by’I Bulayi na Amerika bambara ntikwiriye ahubwo imeze nk’imyambaro yambarwa n’indaya mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Nta mugore cyangwa umukobwa w’umurokore wari ukwiriye kwambara imyambaro imugaragaza uko ateye kose, ibyo ab’isi bita mu ndimi z’amahanga ngo kuba “sexy.”

Ibindi bitekerezo bicye

(A Few Other Thoughts)

Biratangaje kubona nta mupasitoro wo mu Bushinwa urigera na rimwe ambaza ku byerekeranye n’abagore bambara amapantalo. Ahari ni ukubera ko Abashinwakazi bambara amapantalo kuva kera cyane. Nakunze kubazwa icyo kibazo cy’abagore bambara amapantalo n’abapasitoro bo mu bihugu aho abagore benshi batambara amapantalo. Ibyo byerekana uko umuco wabo uba uhabanye n’ibyo.

Na none biratangaje kubona nta mukozi w’Imana w’umugore muri Myanmar urambaza icyo kibazo, aho usanga abagabo bambara umwambaro wa gakondo twakwita nk’ijipo, ariko bo bawita “longgi”. Twongere tuvuge ko imyambaro y’abagore n’iyabagabo itandukana bishingiye ku muco wa buri hantu; bityo rero tugomba kureba neza kugira ngo tudasanga twitiranyije imyumvire y’umuco wacu n’ibyo Bibiliya ivuga.

Hanyuma kandi ntangazwa n’uko abagabo benshi badashaka ko abagore bambara amapantalo bishingiye ku Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 22:5 nyamara bo ntibumve ko bagomba kubahiriza ibyanditse mu Abalewi 19:27:

Inkokora z’imisatsi yanyu ntimukazogoshere kugira ngo izenguke, ntimukonone inkokora z’ubwanwa bwanyu (Lewi19:27).

Ni gute abagabo bashobora gusuzugura Abalewi 19:27, bakogosha bakamaraho ubwanwa bahawe n’Imana, ubwo bwanwa ari na bwo bubatandukanya neza n’abagore, hanyuma barangiza bagatangira gushinja abagore bambara amapantalo ko bashaka kugerageza gusa n’abagabo? Ibyo ni nk’aho ari uburyarya!

Ariko hari akantu gato ku bumenyi bw’amateka kadufasha kumva icyo Imana yari igamije mu Abalewi 19:27. Kogosha ubwanwa bazenguka wari umwe mu mihango ya gipagani yakorwaga basenga ibigirwamana. Imana ntiyashakaga ko abantu bayo bagira ishusho imwe n’iy’abasenga ibigirwamana.

Ni nde urimo avuga?

(Who is Speaking?)

Iteka tugomba kumenya urimo avuga muri buri gice cya Bibiliya, kuko kubimenya bishobora kudufasha gusobanura neza. N’ubwo buri kintu cyose kiri muri Bibiliya biba byaravuye ku gushaka kw’Imana ngo kibemwo, ariko buri kintu cyose kiri muri Bibiliya ntabwo ari Ijambo ryahumetswe n’Imana. Ndashaka kuvuga iki?

Mu byanditswe byinshi bya Bibiliya, harimo amagambo yagiye avugwa n’abantu ubwabo adahumetswe n’Imana. Kubw’ibyo rero ntidukwiye kwibwira ko icyavuzwe cyose muri Bibiliya cyabaga gihumetswe n’Imana.

Urugero, hari abajya bakora ikosa ryo gufata amagambo yavuzwe na Yobu na bagenzi be nk’ayahumetswe n’Imana. Hari impamvu ebyiri zituma ibyo biba ikosa. Ubwa mbere, Yobu n’incuti ze bagiye impaka mu bice mirongo itatu na bine byose. Ntibigeze bumvikana. Birumvikana ko ibyo bavuze byose bitaba byarahumetswe n’Imana kuko Imana itivuguruza.

Ubwa kabiri, mu kurangira kw’igitabo cya Yobu, Imana ubwayo iravuga, kandi icyaha Yobu na bagenzi be bose ko ibyo bavuze atari byo (Yobu 38-42).

Tugomba kwitonda muri ubwo buryo no mu gihe dusoma Isezerano Rishya. Henshi tubona aho Pawulo avuga yeruye ko bimwe mu byo yanditse ari ibitekerezo bye bwite (1 Kor. 7:12, 25-26, 40).

Ni nde urimo kubwirwa?

(Who is Being Addressed?)

Si ukumenya gusa urimo kuvuga muri buri gice cyose dusomye muri Bibiliya, ahubwo tugomba no kumenya urimo kubwirwa. Bitabaye ibyo, dushobora gusobanura nabi tukibwira ko ibyo dusomye ari twe bireba kandi atari ko bimeze. Cyangwa tukumva nabi maze ibitureba ntitubyiyerekezeho ahubwo tukabishyira ku bandi.

Urugero, bamwe bafata isezerano riri muri Zaburi 34 bakumva ko ari iryabo:

Na we azaguha ibyo umutima wawe usaba (Zaburi 37:4).

Ariko se iryo sezerano rireba umuntu wese urisomye cyangwa urizi wese? Oya, iyo dusomye andi magambo ari kumwe na ryo, tubona ko rireba gusa abantu runaka bujuje ibyangombwa bigera kuri bitanu:

Wiringire Uwiteka ukore ibyiza, guma mu gihugu ukurikize umurava. Kandi wishimire Uwiteka, na we azaguha ibyo umutima wawe usaba (Zaburi 37:3-4).

Ubwo rero turabona ukuntu ari ibyangombwa cyane kumenya urimo kubwirwa.

Dore urundi rugero:

Nuko Petero aramubwira ati “Dore twebweho twasize byose turagukurikira.” Yesu aramubwira ati, “Ndababwira ukuri yuko ntawasize inzu, cyangwa bene, se cyangwa bashiki be, cyangwa nyina, cyangwa se, cyangwa abana, cyangwa amasambu ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza, utazahabwa ibibiruta incuro ijana muri iki gihe cya none, ari amazu, ari bene se, ari bashiki be, ndetse nab a nyina, n’abana n’amasambu, hamwe no kurenganywa, maze mu gihe kizaza akazahabwa ubugingo buhoraho” (Mariko 10:28-30).

Ni ibintu byamamaye cyane ahantu hamwe na hamwe usanga abantu bishyuza “incuro ijana” iyo batanze amafaranga bashyigikira umukozi w’Imana urimo abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Ariko se iryo sezerano rireba bene abo bantu? Oya, rireba mu by’ukuri abantu basiga koko imiryango yabo, amasambu yabo, cyangwa amazu yabo ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza, nk’uko Petero yagenje, ari na ko kubaza icyo we n’abandi bigishwa ba Yesu bazagororerwa.

Icyo umuntu yakwibazaho ni uko abakunze kwigisha kuri ibyo byo gushumbushwa incuro ijana, bibanda cyane ku mazu n’amasambu, ariko nta na rimwe bajya bavuga ku bana no kurenganywa kandi birimo na byo muri iryo sezerano! Birumvikana ko Yesu atarimo asezeranya abantu ko uzasiga inzu ye azashumbushwa amazu ijana. Yasezeranyaga ko uzasiga urugo rwe n’umuryango we, abagize umuryango we mushya w’umwuka bazamukingurira imiryango y’ingo zabo bakamucumbikira. Abigishwa nyakuri ntibahangayikishwa n’imitungo kuko nta cyo baba bakita icyabo bwite–baba ari ibisonga gusa ariko ibyo batunze biba ari iby’Uwiteka.

Urugero rwa nyuma

(A Final Example)

Iyo abantu basoma amagambo ya Yesu akunze kwitwa ayo ku musozi wa Elayono “Olivet Discourse,” tubona muri Matayo 24-25, bamwe bibwira bibeshya ko yabwiraga abadakijijwe/abatizera, nuko bakumva ko ibyo bitabareba. Basoma Umugani w’umugaragu mubi n’umugani w’abakobwa cumi bakumva ari abatizera babwirwa. Nyamara nk’uko namaze kubivuga, iyo migani yombi yabwirwaga bamwe mu bigishwa ba Yesu b’inkoramutima (Mat. 24:3; Mariko 13:3). Nuko rero niba Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya baragombaga kuburirwa ko bashobora gusangwa batiteguye Yesu agarutse, natwe turabikeneye cyane. Ayo magambo ya Yesu yo kuburira abantu yavugiye ku musozi wa Elayono areba buri mukristo wese, ndetse n’abo bibwira ko bo atabareba bitewe n’uko bananiwe kumenya urimo kubwirwa.

Itegeko rya 3. Soma ibintu nk’uko byanditse. Ntushake kuvugisha ibyanditswe icyo bitavuga ushyiramo tewolojiya yawe. Niba usomye ikintu kivuguruza ibyo wizeraga, wigerageza guhindura Bibiliya, ahubwo hindura imyizerere yawe.

( Rule #3 Read Honestly. Don’t force your theology into a text. If you read something that contradicts what you believe, don’t try to change the Bible; change what you believe.)

Buri muntu asoma ibyanditswe hari ibitekerezo asanzwe abifiteho. Ku bw’ibyo bijya bikomera gusoma Bibiliya nk’uko iri. Ahubwo amaherezo usanga tuvugishije ibyanditswe ibyo twebwe twizera, aho kugira ngo tureke Bibiliya ibe ari yo iduha umurongo w’imyizerere. Ndetse rimwe na rimwe tugashakisha ibyanditswe bishyigikira imyizerere yacu, ibinyuranyije n’imyumvire yacu tukabyirengagiza. Ibyo mu cyongereza byitwa”proof-texting.” Ni nko kwiyubakaho igikuta cy’ibyanditswe bishyigikira imyumvire yawe, ibindi ntiwemere ko bikugeraho.

Dore urugero rw’ibyo mperutse kubona by’aho umuntu avugisha ibyanditswe ibyo we yisanganiwe muri tewolojiya ye. Umwigisha umwe ntiriwe mvuga izina yatangiye asoma Matayo 11:28-29, ayo ni amagambo azwi cyane Yesu yavuze:

Mwese abarushye n’abaremerewe nimuze munsange ndabaruhura. Mwemere kuba abagaragu banjye munyigireho, kuko ndi umugwaneza kandi noroheje mu mutima, namwe muzabona uburuhukiro mu mitima yanyu (Mat. 11:28-29)

Nuko uwo mwigisha akomeza asobanura avuga ko Yesu yavugaga uburuhukiro bw’uburyo bubiri. Uburuhukiro bwa mbere (ngo bwaba) ari ubw’agakiza muri 11:28, naho uburuhukiro bwa kabiri ngo bukaba ubwo kuba umwigishwa muri 11:29. Uburuhukiro bwa mbere ububona usanze Yesu; uburuhukiro bwa kabiri ububona umugandukiye nk’umwami, cyangwa mu kuba umugaragu we.

Ariko se koko iyo ni yo nsobanuro Yesu yari agamije? Oya, iyo ni insobanuro umuntu aba ahaye ibyanditswe, ariko ibyo bintu ntabyigeze bivugwa ndetse nta n’uwabikomojeho. Yesu ntiyigeze avuga ngo atanze uburuhukiro bw’uburyo bubiri. Yatanze uburuhukiro bumwe ku barushye n’abaremerewe, kandi uburyo bumwe gusa buhari bwo kubona ubwo buruhukiro ni ukwemera kuba umugaragu wa Yesu, bisobanuye kumugandukira. Iyo ni yo nsobanuro ya Yesu yumvikana kandi igaragara muri ibyo byanditswe.

Kuki uwo mwigisha yazanye bene iyo nsobanuro? Ni uko insobanuro igaragara y’ibyo byanditswe idahuza n’imyizerere ye asanganywe y’uko hari ubwoko bubiri bw’abakristo kandi bwombi bukaba buri mu nzira ijya mu ijuru–abizera n’abigishwa. Ubwo rero ntiyasobanuye ibi byanditswe nk’uko biri mu buryo bw’ubunyangamugayo.

Nyine birumvikana ko, nk’uko twagiye tubibona mu bindi byanditswe byinshi twavuze muri iki gitabo tuvuga kuri iyo myizerere by’umwihariko, iyo nsobanuro y’uwo mwigisha ntihuza n’izindi nyigisho za Yesu zijyanye n’ibyo. Nta na hamwe mu Isezerano Rishya havuga ko hari ubwoko bubiri bw’abakristo bajya mu ijuru, abizera basanzwe n’abigishwa. Abizera bose nyakuri baba ari abigishwa. Abatari abigishwa ntabwo baba ari abizera. Kuba umwigishwa ni imbuto yo kwizera nyako.

Reka duharanire gusomana Bibiliya ubunyangamugayo n’imitima iboneye tuyisome uko iri. Nitubigenza dutyo, ikizavamo ni ukurushaho kwiyegurira Imana no kugandukira Kristo.

 

 

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[1] Biragaragara ko Pawulo atizeraga iby'”umutekano w’agakiza k’iteka utagize icyo ugusaba gukora” (unconditional eternal security), iyo bimera bityo ntiyari kubwira Timoteyo, umuntu wakijijwe, ko agomba kugira icyo akora kugira ngo arwane ku busugire bw’agakiza ke.

[2] Mose na none yigeze kubona mu mugongo h’Imana igihe “yanyuraga bugufi bwe.” Imana yamutwikirije ikiganza kugira ngo imukingirize ye kubona mu maso hayo; reba Kuva 33:18-23.

[3] Umuntu akwiye kwibuka kandi na none ko Yesu yari yarabivuze mbere mu nyigisho ze abwira abari bamuteze amatwi yuko gukiranuka kwabo nikutaruta ukw’abanditsi n’ukw’Abafarisayo, batazinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru (reba Mat. 5:20). Hanyuma Yesu agakomeza yerekana uburyo butandukanye abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bateshukagamo.

Muri iki gice turi burebe impande zitandukanye z’umurimo wo kwigisha. Kwigisha ni inshingano y’intumwa, abahanuzi, abavugabutumwa,[1] abungeri/abakuru b’itorero/abepiskopi, abigisha (birumvikana), ndetse n’abayoboke ba Kristo bose, ku rugero runaka, kuko twese twahamagariwe guhindura abantu abigishwa, tubigisha kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse byose.[2]

Nk’uko nari nigeze kubishimangira, umupastori cyangwa undi mukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa mbere na mbere yigisha mu buryo bwo kuba intanga-rugero, hanyuma akigisha no mu magambo. Abwiriza ibyo akora.Intumwa Pawulo, wahebuje mu guhindura abantu abigishwa, yaranditse ati:

Mugere ikirenge mu cyanjye nk’uko nanjye nkigera mu cya Kristo(1 Kor. 11:1).

Iyi yakagombye kuba intego ya buri mukozi w’Imana–gushobora kubwira abo ayoboye abikuye ku mutima ati, “Munyigane.Niba mushaka kumenya uko umuyoboke wa Kristo yifata mu mibereho ye, munyitegereze.”

Mu kubigereranya, ndibuka mbwira itorero nigeze gushumba nti, “Ntimunkurikire…mukurikire Kristo !” N’ubwo ntabyumvaga muri icyo gihe, ariko ubwo narimo nemera ko ntari urugero rwiza rwo gukurikizwa. Mu by’ukuri narimo nemera ko jye ntayobotse Kristo nk’uko nagombaga, narangiza nkabwira abandi bose gukora ibyo jye ndakora! Ibi bitandukanye cyane n’ibyo Pawulo yavugaga. Ukuri ni uko, niba tudashobora kubwira abantu ngo batwigane kuko natwe twigana Kristo, tuba dukwiye kuva mu murimo w’Imana, kuko abantu bafata abakozi b’Imana nk’ibyitegererezo byabo. Itorero ni ishusho y’abayobozi baryo.

Kwigisha Ubumwe mu Gutanga Urugero

(Teaching Unity by Example)

Reka ubu buryo bwo kwigisha uba icyitegererezo tubukoreshe tuvuga ku kwigisha ubumwe.Abapastori bose/abakuru b’itorero/abepiskopi bifuza ko umukumbi bayoboye ubana mu bumwe. Banga ko amatorero yabo yiremamo ibice. Bazi ko kwicamo ibice ari ikizira ku Uwiteka. Ibyo ari byose Yesu yadutegetse gukundana nk’uko yadukunze (reba Yohana 13:34-35). Gukundana ni cyo kimenyetso kigaragariza isi itwitegereza ko turi abigishwa be. Bityo rero, abayoboye imikumbi bose bahamagarira intama zabo ko bagomba gukundana bagaharanira ubumwe bwabo.

Nyamara, twe nk’abakozi b’Imana bagomba mbere na mbere dukoresheje kuba icyitegererezo, kenshi turatsindwa cyane mu myigishirize yacu ku rukundo n’ubumwe mu mibereho yacu. Urugero,nk’igihe twerekanye kubura urukundo n’ubumwe hagati yacu n’abandi bapastori, tuba dutanga ubutumwa buvuguruza ubwo tubwiriza mu matorero yacu. Twarangiza tugashaka ko abo tuyoboye bakora ibyo twebwe tudakora.

Ikigaragara ni uko, amagambo akomeye Yesu yavuze ku byerekeye ubumwe yayabwiye abayobozi ababwira uko bakwiye kubana na bagenzi babo b’abayobozi nka bo. Urugero, nk’igihe yatangizaga Ifunguro Ryera, Yesu amaze kwoza abigishwa be ibirenge, yarababwiye ati,

Munyita Shobuja n’Umwigisha, ibyo mubivuga neza kuko ari ko ndi koko. Nuko rero, ubwo mbgeje ibirenge ndi Shobuja n’Umwigisha, ni ko namwe mukwiriye kubyozanya. Mbahaye icyitegererezo, kugira ngo mukore nk’uko mbakoreye ( Yohana 13:13-15). [Urabona ko Yesu yigishaga yitangaho icyitegererezo.]

Kenshi abapastori bakoresha iyi mirongo bahamagarira imikumbi yabo gukundana, kandi birakwiye.Nyamara amagambo ari muri iyi mirongo yabwirwaga abayobozi, intumwa cumi n’ebyiri.Yesu yari azi ko bitazorohera itorero rye kugera ku ntego abayobozi badafite ubumwe hagati yabo cyangwa bapiganwa. Ni yo mpamvu yabigaragaje mu buryo bwumvikana cyane, avuga ko ashaka ko abayobozi bo mu bwami bwe, buri wese aba umugaragu wa mugenzi we.

Nk’uko umuco wo mu gihe cya Yesu wari umeze, yagaragaje guca bugufi akora umurimo wari usuzuguritse cyane kurusha indi yose umukozi wo mu rugo yakoraga, kwoza ibirenge. Iyo Yesu aza kujya mu muco w’ahandi ikindi gihe kitari nk’icyo, wenda aba yaraviduye imisarani cyangwa akoza utudobo abigishwa be batamo imyanda/pubeli. Mbese ni bangahe mu bakozi be b’iki gihe bashaka kugaragariza bagenzi babo urukundo rumeze rutyo no guca bugufi?

Mu gihe kitageze ku isaha imwe, Yesu yasubiyemo kenshi ubwo butumwa bukomeye abutsindagira. Nyuma y’iminota micye gusa Yesu amaze kuboza ibirenge, yabwiye iryo tsinda ry’abayobozi b’itorero b’ejo hazaza ati:

Ndabaha itegeko rishya ngo mukundane nk’uko nabakunze, mube ari ko namwe mukundana. Ibyo ni byo bose bazabamenyeraho ko muri abigishwa banjye, nimukundana (Yohana 13:34-35).

Birumvikana ko ayo magambo areba abigishwa ba Kristo bose, ariko mbere na mbere yabwiwe abayobozi babwirwa uko bagomba kubana n’abandi bayobozi.

Na none mu minota micye, Yesu arongera ati,

Ngiri itegeko ryanjye: mukundane nk’uko nabakunze.Ntawe ufite urukundo ruruta urw’umuntu upfira incuti ze. (Yohana 15:12-13).

Wibuke ko aha na none Yesu yabwiraga abayobozi.

Mu masegonda macye na none arongera ati,

Ibyo mbibategekeye kugira ngo mukundane ( Yohana15:17 ).

Hanyuma na none mu minota micye, abigishwa ba Yesu bumva abasengera ngo,

Jye sinkiri mu isi ariko bo bari mu isi, naho jye ndaza kuri wowe.Data Wera, ubarindire mu izina ryawe wampaye, ngo babe umwe nk’uko natwe turi umwe (Yohana 17:11).

Hanyuma na none mu masegonda macye, Yesu agikomeza gusenga, abigishwa bumva avuga ati,

Sinsabira aba bonyine, ahubwo ndasabira n’abazanyizezwa n’ijambo ryabo, ngo bose babe umwe nk’uko uri muri jye, Data, nanjye nkaba muri wowe ngo na bo babe umwe muri twe, ngo ab’isi bizere ko ari wowe wantumye.Nanjye mbahaye ubwiza wampaye, ngo babe umwe nk’uko natwe turi umwe. Jyewe mbe muri bo nawe ube muri jye, ngo babe umwe rwose, ngo ab’isi bamenye ko ari wowe wantumye, ukabakunda nk’uko wankunze. (Yohana 17:20-23).

Rero mu kanya katagera ku isaha, Yesu yari amaze gushimangira incuro esheshatu abwira abayobozi be b’ejo hazaza agaciro k’ubumwe kandi berekanisha ubumwe bwabo guca bugufi bagakundana bagakorerana. Biragaragara ko ibi byari ibintu by’ingenzi cyane kuri Yesu. Ubumwe bwabo ni rwo rwari urufunguzo rwo kugira ngo ab’isi bamwizere.

Mbese turimo turabyubahiriza dute?

(How Well Are We Doing?)

Ikibabaje ni uko igihe twiringira ko abakristo tuyoboye baba umwe mu rukundo, abenshi muri twe dutangira gupiganwa tukanakoresha uburyo bugayitse bwo kubaka amatorero yacu dusenya ayandi. Abenshi muri twe duhungira kure gusabana n’abandi bapastori tudahuje inyigisho. Tunamamaza kubura ubumwe kwacu ku byapa dushyira ku miryango y’insengero zacu kugira ngo ab’isi babibone, dutangariza buri wese tuti: “Ntabwo twe tumeze nka ba bakristo bandi bo mu zindi nsengero.” (Kandi twakoze akazi gakomeye ko kwigisha isi tukayumvisha kubura ubumwe kwacu, kuko abatizera benshi bazi cyane ko idini rya gikristo ari idini ririmo ibice byinshi.)

Mu magambo macye, ntidukora ibyo twigisha, kandi icyitegererezo tubihaho ni cyo kigisha abakristo bacu kurusha inyigisho dutanga zerekeye ubumwe. Ni ubupfapfa kwibwira ko abakristo basanzwe bazagira ubumwe n’urukundo hagati yabo mu gihe abayobozi babo bakora ibitandukanye na byo.

Umuti nta wundi, birumvikana, ni ukwihana.Tugomba kwihana urugero rubi twatanze imbere y’abizera n’imbere y’ab’isi.Tugomba gukuraho inzitiro zidutanya tugatangira gukundana nk’uko Yesu yategetse.

Ibyo bivuga ko tugomba mbere na mbere guhura n’abandi bapastori n’abakozi b’Imana bandi, barimo n’abo tudahuje inyigisho (doctrine). Simvuga gusābāna n’abapastori batigeze bavuka bwa kabiri, badaharanira kumvira Kristo, cyangwa bari mu murimo kubw’inyungu zabo bwite. Abo ni amasega yambaye uruhu rw’intama, kandi Yesu yatubwiye uko dushobora kubamenya neza.Bamenyekanira ku mbuto zabo.

Ahubwo ndavuga abapastori n’abandi bakozi b’Imana bihatira gukomeza amategeko ya Yesu, bene Data nyakuri muri Kristo. Niba uri umupastori wakagombye kwitangira gukunda abandi bapastori, ukerekana urwo rukundo mu bikorwa imbere y’umukumbi wawe. Uburyo bumwe bwo kubitangira ni ugusanga abandi bapastori bo mu gace utuyemo ukabasaba imbabazi ko utabakunda uko wagombaga kubakunda. Ibyo bizagira ibisīka bisenyura. Noneho mwiyemeze kujya muhura musangire ifunguro, mukomezanye, muhugurane kandi musengere hamwe. Ibyo bimaze kuba, hanyuma mushobora no kuganira mu rukundo ku nyigisho zibatanya, mugaharanira ubumwe, mwakwemeranya cyangwa mutakwemeranya ku byo mujyaho impaka byose. Nungutse ibintu byinshi ubwo naje gushyira nkemera gutega amatwi abakozi b’Imana tutahuzaga mu nyigisho nemera. Nari narahombye cyane kumara imyaka myinshi muri uko kwiziba amatwi.

Ushobora no kwerekana urukundo rwawe n’ubumwe utumira abandi bapastori bakaza kubwiriza mu itorero ryawe cyangwa mu iteraniro ryo mu rugo cyangwa mushobora kugira ibiterane bihuza itorero ryawe n’ayandi cyangwa n’andi matsinda ateranira mu Ngo.

Ushobora guhindura izina ry’itorero ryawe ku buryo budatangariza isi ko hari ukutifatanya n’abandi mu mubiri wa Kristo. Ushobora kuva mu bintu byo kwitirirwa idini runaka ukifatanya gusa n’umubiri wa Kristo, ubwo ukaba utanga ubutumwa ku bantu bose ko wizera ko Yesu arimo yubaka itorero rimwe gusa, atari amatorero menshi atandukanye adashobora guhuza.

Ibi ndabizi birumvikana nk’ibikabije. Ariko se kuki twakora ibintu byashyigikira ibyo Yesu atigeze agambirira na rimwe gukora? Kuki twajya mu bintu bimubabaza? Nta madini cyangwa amashyirahamwe adasanzwe avugwa muri Bibiliya. Ubwo Abakorinto bari bacitsemo ibice bitewe n’uko hari abigisha bikundira kurusha abandi, Pawulo yarabacyashye, avuga ko amacakubiri yabo agaragaza ko ari abanyamubiri kandi ko ari abana bato mu mwuka (reba 1 Kor. 3:1-7). Ese amacakubiri yacu hari ikindi yerekana kitari icyo?

Ikintu cyose kidutanya ni icyo kwamaganwa. Amatorero yo mu Ngo agomba kwirinda kwiyita amazina cyangwa kujya mu mpuzamatorero zifite amazina. Mu Byanditswe Byera tubona ko itorero ryitirirwaga gusa urugo riteraniramo. Amatsinda y’amatorero yitirirwaga imijyi yabarizwagamo. Yose yumvaga ko agize itorero rimwe; umubiri wa Kristo.

Hari Umwami umwe gusa n’ubwami bumwe. Umuntu uwo ari we wese wishyiriye hejuru kugira ngo abizera cyangwa amatorero amwitirirwe aba arimo yubaka ubwami bwe mu bwami bw’Imana. Yari akwiye kwitegura ahubwo guhagarara imbere y’Umwami uvuga ati, “Icyubahiro cyanjye sinzagiha undi” (Yes. 48:11).

Ibi byose birashaka na none kuvuga ko abakozi b’Imana bakwiye gutanga urugero rukwiye rwo kumvira Kristo imbere y’abantu bose, kuko abantu bazakurikiza urugero rwabo. Urugero batanga mu buryo babayeho imbere y’abandi ni bwo buryo bukomeye bwo kwigisha. Nk’uko Pawulo yandikiye abizera b’i Filipi ati:

Bene Data, mugere ikirenge mu cyanjye muhuje imitima, kandi mwite ku bakurikiza ingeso zacu, izo mudufiteho icyitegererezo (Fili. 3:17 ).

Ibyo Tugomba Kwigisha

(What to Teach)

Nka Pawulo, umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa agira intego. Iyo ntego ni iyo “kugira ngo tumurikire Imana umuntu wese, amaze gutunganirizwa rwose muri Kristo” (Kolo. 1:28b). Nuko kimwe na Pawulo, “akamamaza Kristo aburira umuntu wese amwigishanya ubwenge bwose” (Kolo. 1:28a). Urabona ko Pawulo atigishirizaga kwungura abantu ubumenyi cyangwa kubashimisha gusa.

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa ashobora gufatanya na Pawulo kuvuga ati, “Intego yo kwigisha kwacu ni ukugira ngo bagire urukundo ruva mu mutima uboneye kandi uticira urubanza, bagire no kwizera kutaryarya” (1 Tim. 1:5). Bisobanura ko ashaka kurema ishusho ya Kristo nyayo no kwera mu bugingo bw’abantu ashinzwe, ari cyo gituma yigisha abizera kumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose. Yigisha ukuri ahugurira abamwumva “kugira umwete wo kubana n’abantu bose amahoro n’uwo kwezwa, kuko utejejwe atazareba Umwami Imana” (Heb. 12:14).

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa asobanukiwe ko Yesu yategetse abigishwa be ko bagomba kwigisha abigishwa babo kwitondera ibyo yabategetse byose, ntabwo ari bimwe gusa muri byo (reba Mat. 28:19-20). Areba neza ko nta na kimwe mu byo Kristo yategetse yaba yirengagije ngo areke kucyigisha, nuko rero iteka yigisha umurongo ku wundi mu butumwa bwiza no mu nzandiko zitandukanye za Bibiliya. Aho ni ho dusanga amategeko ya Yesu kandi ni ho yongera gushimangirwa.

Ubu buryo bwo kwigisha Ijambo uko ryakabaye kandi butuma kwigisha kwe hatabamo kongeraho cyangwa gukuraho ku byanditswe. Iyo twigisha gusa dukurikije ingingo runaka dushaka kwigishaho, usanga twibanze cyane ku nyigisho abantu bakunda, izo badakunda tukazireka. Ariko umwigisha wigisha umurongo ku murongo, ntiyigisha ku rukundo rw’Imana gusa, ahubwo yigisha no ku mategeko yayo ndetse n’umujinya wayo. Ntiyigisha avuga ku migisha yo kuba umukristo gusa, ahubwo avuga n’inshingano z’umukristo. Ntabwo atinda ku tuntu duto, ngo yibande ku bintu bidafite agaciro cyane maze ngo narangiza yirengagize iby’ingenzi. (Yesu yavuze ko Abafarisayo ari cyo kibazo bagiraga; reba Mat. 23:23-24.)

Gutsinda Ubwoba bwo Kwigisha Umurongo ku wundi

(Overcoming Fears of Expository Teaching)

Abapastori benshi batinya kwigisha umurongo ku murongo bitewe n’ uko haba hari byinshi badasobanukiwe mu Byanditswe Byera, hanyuma bagatinya ko abakristo babo bamenya ko batabizi! Ibyo, birumvikana, ni ubwibone. Nta muntu n’umwe ku isi usobanukiwe neza Ibyanditswe Byera byose. Na Petero yavuze ko mu nzandiko za Pawulo harimo bimwe biruhije gusobanukirwa (reba 2 Pet. 3:16).

Igihe umupastori wigisha umurongo ku murongo ageze ku murongo cyangwa amagambo adasobanukiwe, yakagombye gusa kubwira ab’itorero rye ko ibyo atabyumva neza akabisimbuka agakomeza. Ashobora no gusaba itorero kumusengera kugira ngo Umwuka Wera amufashe kubyumva. Kwicisha bugufi kwe kuzabera abo ayoboye urugero rwiza; ubwabyo ni inyigisho/ikibwirizwa ( sermon).

Umupastori/umukuru w’itorero/umwepiskopi w’itorero ryo mu rugo aba afite icyo arusha abandi mu kwigisha itsinda ry’abantu bacye kuko bashobora kumubaza n’ibibazo arimo arigisha. Ibi bitanga n’uburyo bwo kuba Umwuka Wera yahishurira abandi mu itsinda ku Byanditswe barimo biga. Ni uburyo bwiza bwo kwiga bushobora gufasha buri wese.

Ahantu heza ho gutangiriraho kwigisha amategeko ya Kristo ni muri ya nyigisho yigishirije ku musozi avuga abahiriwe abo ari bo iri muri Matayo 5-7. Yesu yahatangiye amategeko menshi, kandi afasha n’Abayuda bamuyobotse gusobanukirwa neza amategeko ya Mose. Mu kanya ndi buze kwigisha umurongo ku murongo nigisha kuri ya nyigisho Yesu yigishirije ku musozi nerekana uko byakorwa.

Gutegura Ikibwirizwa/Icyigisho

(Sermon Preparation)

Nta kintu na kimwe kigaragaza ko mu Isezerano Rishya hari umupastori/umukuru w’itorero/umwepiskopi n’umwe wigeze ategura inyigisho yaburi cyumweru, yuzuye neza iteguye ingingo ku ngingo n’ingero zo kubisobanura byanditse neza ku rupapuro, nk’uko tubona abakozi b’Imana benshi bo muri iki gihe babigenza. Mu by’ukuri nta n’umwe muri twe watekereza Yesu akora ibintu nk’ibyo! Kwigisha mu itorero rya mbere byaturukaga mu mutima ako kanya bitabanje gutegurwa kandi abantu bahererekanya amagambo, umwigisha abaza ibibazo bakamusubiza, hakurikijwe uburyo Abayuda babikoragamo, Atari uguhagarara hariya ngo umuntu avuge disikuru nk’uko Abagiriki n’Abaroma babigiraga, ari wo muco waje kwakirwa n’itorero rimaze kuba idini. Niba Yesu yarabwiye abigishwa be ngo ntibazategure ibyo bireguza nibajyanwa imbere y’abacamanza, akabasezeranira ko Umwuka Wera azabahera ahongaho amagambo atavuguruzwa, dukwiye kwizera ko Imana yafasha ishobora gufasha mu rwego runaka abapastori bahagaze mu materaniro!

Ibi ntabwo bishatse kuvuga ko abakozi b’Imana batagomba kwitegura mu gusenga no mu kwiga Ijambo. Pawulo yahuguye Timoteyo ati:

Ujye ugira umwete wo kwishyira Imana nk’ushimwa, umukozi udakwiriye kugira ipfunwe, ukwiriranya neza ijambo ry’ukuri (2 Tim. 2:15).

Abakozi b’Imana bakurikiza amabwiriza ya Pawulo ngo “Ijambo rya Kristo ribe muri mwe rigwiriye” (Kolo. 3:16) bazuzura Ijambo ry’Imana ku buryo bazajya bigisha bakura ku “bibasendereye.” Nuko rero ncuti pastori, icy’ingenzi kuri wowe ni uko wibira wese muri Bibiliya. Niba uzi neza ibyo ugiye kuvuga kandi bikurimo ubikunze, ntayindi myiteguro mu by’ukuri ikenewe kugira ngo ugeze ku bandi ukuri kw’Imana. Byongeye kandi, iyo wigisha umurongo ku wundi, ushobora kugenda ukoresha umurongo ukurikiyeho nk’ingingo yawe yindi ugiye kwigishaho. Noneho gutegura kwawe byaba gusenga utekereza ku mirongo uri bwigisheho. Iyo uyoboye itorero ryo mu rugo, kubera imiterere yo kuhigisha ari nk’ibiganiro abantu batanga ibitekerezo, gutegura isomo ho bizanarushaho kudakenerwa.

Umukozi w’Imana ufite kwizera ko Imana yumufasha arimo yigisha azagororerwa ubufasha bw’Imana. Ubwo rero ugabanye kwiyizera wowe ubwawe no kwizera ibyo wateguye ku mpapuro, ahubwo urusheho kwizera Imana. Buhoro buhoro uko ugenda wongera kwizera no gushira amanga, uzagenda ugabanya ibyo utegura ku mpapuro kugeza ubwo uzajya witwaza utuntu ducye two kwiyibutsa gusa ku ngingo uri buvugeho cyangwa ukatureka rwose.

Uwita cyane ku kuntu ahagaze imbere y’abantu n’uko bamubona ni we wishingikiriza cyane ku nteguro zo ku mpapuro kuko aba afite impungenge z’uko yakora ikosa mu ruhame. Akwiye kumenya ko ubwo bwoba bwe bushingiye ku mutekano mucye uturuka ku bwibone. Byamubera byiza kurushaho atitaye ku buryo agaragara imbere y’amaso y’abantu ahubwo agahangayikishwa cyane n’ukuntu we n’abamwumva bagaragara imbere y’amaso y’Imana. Ubutumwa butateguwe ku rupapuro bukora ku mitima y’ababwumva bufite amavuta y’Umwuka. Wibaze ukuntu ibiganiro by’abantu byaba bibishye, umuntu agiye abanza gutegura ku rupapuro ingingo ari buganireho na mugenzi we! Ikiganiro cyaba gipfuye! Kuvuga ibivuye ku mutima bitabanje gutegurwa bigaragaramo ukuri kurusha disikuru zateguwe. Kwigisha si ugukina sinema cyangwa ikinamico. Ni ukwinjiza ukuri mu bugingo bw’abantu. Twese turabimenya iyo umuntu arimo yivugira disikuru gusa, kandi iyo tubimenye, duhita dushaka kubivamo tukigendera.

Ibindi Bitekerezo Bine

(Four More Thoughts)

(1) Abakozi b’Imana bamwe bameze za gasuku, ibyo bigisha byose n’ibyo babwiriza babikura mu bitabo byanditswe n’abandi. Bahomba umugisha utangaje wo kwiyigishirizwa ubwabo n’Umwuka Wera, kandi bashobora gukomeza no gukwirakwiza inyigisho zipfuye z’abo banditsi bakopera.

(2) Abapastori benshi bigana uburyo abandi bavugabutumwa babwirizamo cyangwa bigishamo, uburyo bw’imigenzo gusa. Urugero, hari abantu bamwe bazi ko kubwiriza bigira amavuta y’Umwuka ari uko bavuze cyane n’ijwi rirenga kandi bihuta cyane. Nuko ugasanga abaje mu materaniro babwirijwe bameneka amatwi kuva ku ntangiriro kugeza ku iherezo. Ukuri ni uko abantu bagezaho bakarambirwa urwo rusaku ruhoraho, nk’uko barambirwa ijwi ry’injyana imwe gusa yo hasi. Guhinduka kw’ijwi rimwe witsa ubundi uzamura ni byo bikora ku mutima. Nyamara na none, kubwiriza ubusanzwe bisaba kuzamura ijwi kuko ari uguhamagarira abantu guhinduka naho kwigisha ubusanzwe bikorwa mu ijwi nk’iryo kuganira kuko ari ugusobanura amahame.

(3) Nagiye nitegereza abateze matwi inyigisho mu magana menshi y’amateraniro nagiyemo, biratangaje ukuntu abavugabutumwa benshi n’abigisha batajya babona ibimenyetso byinshi bigaragaza ko abantu barambiwe kandi batagikurikiye. Pastori we, abantu iyo basa nk’abarambiwe burya baba barambiwe! Abatakureba urimo uvuga burya bashobora kuba batarimo no kukumva. Abantu batarimo kumva ibivugwa burya ntabwo bafashwa na gato. Iyo abantu badafite uburyarya bagaragaje kurambirwa no kudakurikira, uba ukwiriye guhindura ugashaka ukuntu waryoshya inyigisho zawe. Tanga ingero nyinshi kurushaho. Vuga udukuru dufatika tujyanye n’inyigisho. Koresha imigani. Bigire ibintu byoroshye. Igisha Ijambo rivuye ku mutima. Ba uwo uri we. Genda uhindura ijwi.Huza amaso yawe n’ay’abaguteze amatwi. Koresha n’amaso n’umunwa n’umutwe usobanura. Koresha ibiganza byawe. Genda genda. Ntuvuge umwanya muremure cyane. Niba itsinda ari rito, ureke abantu bashobore kubaza ibibazo igihe icyo ari cyo cyose bitabangamye.

(4) Igitekerezo cy’uko inyigisho igomba kuba igizwe n’ingingo eshatu ni ibintu byishyiriweho n’abantu gusa. Intego ni uguhindura abantu abigishwa, ntabwo ari ugukurikiza amahame yo kuba intyoza yo muri iki gihe. Yesu yaravuze ati, “Ragira intama zanjye,” ntabwo yavuze “Ereka intama zanjye ko wowe uri umuntu udasanzwe mu kwigisha.”

Abo Tugomba kwigisha

(Whom to Teach)

Dukurikije urugero rwa Yesu, umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa, agomba kugira uko arobanura abo yigisha. Bishobora kugutangaza ariko ni ukuri. Yesu yigisha abantu benshi, akenshi yavugiraga mu migani, kandi yari afite impamvu yo gukora atyo: Ntiyashakaga ko buri wese asobanukirwa ibyo avuze. Ibyanditswe birabigaragaza neza:

Abigishwa baramwegera baramubaza bati, “Ni iki gituma ubigishiriza mu migani?” Arabasubiza ati, “Mwebweho mwahawe kumenya ubwiru bw’ubwami bwo mu ijuru ariko bo ntibabihawe, kuko ufite wese azahabwa kandi akarushirizwaho, Ariko udafite wese azakwa n’icyo yari afite. Igituma mbigishiriza mu migani ni iki: Ni uko iyo barebye batitegereza, n’iyo bumvise batumva kandi ntibasobanukirwe.”(Mat. 13:10-13).

Amahirwe yo gusobanukirwa imigani ya Kristo yari agenewe gusa abihannye bagahitamo kumukurikira. Abanze amahirwe bahawe yo kwihana, bakarwanya ubushake bw’Imana ku bugingo bwabo, Imana na yo yarabarwanyije. Imana irwanya abibone naho abicisha bugufi ikabahera ubuntu (reba 1 Pet. 5:5).

Na none Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati: “Ibyejejwe by’Imana ntimukabihe imbwa, kandi n’imaragarita zanyu ntimukazite imbere y’ingurube, kugira ngo zitaziribata maze zikabahindukirana zikabarya” (Mat. 7:6). Biragaragara ko Yesu yakoreshaga imvugo ngereranyo. Yashakaga kuvuga ngo, “Ntimugahe ibintu by’agaciro abatumva agaciro kabyo.” Ingurube ntizibona ko imaragarita ari ikintu cy’igiciro, n’ingurube mu buryo bw’umwuka ntiziha agaciro Ijambo ry’Imana iyo ziryumvise. Iyaba zizeraga ko ari Ijambo ry’Imana zirimo zumva, zaryitaho cyane kandi zikaryumvira.

Umenya ute ko umuntu ari ingurube mu buryo bw’umwuka? Umujugunyira imaragarita imwe maze ukareba icyo ayikoresha. Iyo ayisuzuguye, umenya ko ari ingurube mu buryo bw’umwuka. Iyo ayitayeho akumvira, umenya ko atari ingurube.

Ikibabaje ni uko abapastori benshi cyane bakora ibyo Yesu yababujije gukora, bagakomeza kujugunyira imaragarita zabo ingurube, bigisha abantu barwanya cyangwa banze Ijambo ry’Imana. Abo bakozi b’imana baba bapfusha ubusa igihe bahawe n’Imana. Bakabaye barakunguse umukungugu wo mu birenge byabo kera hanyuma bakikomereza bakajya ahandi, nk’uko Yesu yategetse.

Intama, Ihene n’Ingurube

(The Sheep, Goats and Pigs)

Ukuri ni uko udashobora gutoza umuntu kuba umwigishwa kandi we adashaka kuba umwigishwa, umuntu udashaka kumvira Yesu. Amatorero menshi yuzuyemo bene abo bantu, abantu b’abakristo by’umuhango gusa, abenshi muri bo bakumva ko bavutse ubwa kabiri kuko gusa ngo hari ibintu bemeye mu bwenge bwabo byigishwa kuri Yesu no ku idini rya gikristo. Ni ingurube n’ihene, ntabwo ari intama. Nyamara abapastori benshi bamara 90% by’igihe cyabo bagerageza gushimisha izo ngurube n’ihene, bakirengagiza abo bakagombye gufasha mu buryo bw’umwuka bakabakorera, intama nyakuri! Pastori, Yesu arashaka ko uragira intama ze, ntabwo ari ihene n’ingurube (reba Yohana 21:17)!

Ariko se intama uzimenya ute? Ni ba bandi baza ku rusengero kare mbere y’abandi bose kandi bagataha nyuma y’abandi. Baba basonzeye kumenya ukuri, kuko Yesu ari Umwami wabo kandi bakaba bashaka kumunezeza. Ntibaza ku rusengero ku cyumweru gusa, ahubwo igihe cyose hari amateraniro baraza. Binjira mu matsinda mato. Kenshi baba babaza ibibazo. Usanga banezererewe Umwami. Baba bashakisha akanya kose kaboneka ko kugira ngo bagire icyo bakora.

Pastori, igihe cyawe kinini ugihe abo bantu kandi ubiteho. Abo ni bo bigishwa. Naho ihene n’ingurube ziza mu itorero ryawe, uzibwirize ubutumwa bwiza niba zishobora kubwihanganira. Ariko niba ubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza koko, ntabwo zizabwihanganira igihe kirekire. Zizava mu itorero zigende, cyangwa niba ari abantu bafite ubushobozi, zizagerageza kuguhirika. Niba zibigezeho, kunguta umukungugu wo mu birenge byawe wigendere. (Mu mikorere y’itorero ryo mu rugo, ibintu nk’ibyo ntibishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo itorero rinateranira mu nzu yawe!)

Ni cyo kimwe, n’abavugabutumwa ntibakwiye kumva ko bahambirirwa gukomeza kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza ku bantu bamwe bagiye babwanga incuro nyinshi. Reka abapfuye bihambire abapfuye babo (reba Luka 9:60). Uri ambasaderi wa Kristo, utwaye ubutumwa burusha ubundi butumwa bwose igiciro, buturutse ku Mwami w’abami! Umwanya ufite uri hejuru cyane mu bwami bw’Imana kandi inshingano yawe irahambaye! Reka gupfusha ubusa igihe cyawe ugira umuntu ubwiriza ubutumwa incuro ebyiri niba buri wese yamaze kubwumva.

Niba ushaka kuba umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa, ugomba kurobanura abantu wigisha, ukareka gutakaza igihe cyawe cy’agaciro gakomeye ku bantu badashaka kumvira Yesu. Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo ati,

Kandi ibyo wanyumvanye imbere y’abahamya benshi, ubimenyeshe abantu b’abizerwa bazashobora kubyigisha abandi (2 Tim. 2:2).

Kugera ku Ntego

(Reaching the Goal)

Fata akanya wibaze ikintu kitari gushobora kubaho mu murimo wa Yesu hano mu isi ariko gikunze kubaho kenshi mu matorero y’iki gihe. Ibaze ko Yesu nyuma yo kuzuka kwe, yagumye ku isi hanyuma agatangira itorero-dini nk’ayo tubona hanze aha, maze akariyobora imyaka mirongwitatu. Umutekereze abwiriza ubutumwa abantu bamwe buri ku Cyumweru. Tekereza Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bicaye ku ntebe z’imbere Yesu arimo yigisha, aho akaba ari ho bamara imyaka makumyabiri bicara. Tekereza Petero yongorera Yohana yinanura yinuba ati, “Ubu butumwa tumaze kubwumva incuro cumi.”

Tuzi ko ibyo bitabaho, kuko twese tuzi ko Yesu atari gushobora na rimwe kwishyira cyangwa gushyira intumwa ze mu bihe nk’ibyo. Yesu yaje gutoza abigishwa kandi abikora mu buryo runaka no mu gihe runaka. Kumara igihe kigera ku myaka nk’itatu, yatoje Petero, Yakobo na Yohana, n’abandi bacye. Ntabwo yabikoze ababwiriza rimwe Ku Cyumweru mu nyubako y’urusengero. Yabikoze abana na bo bagasangira imibereho bakareba uko abaho, agasubiza ibibazo bamubaza, kandi akabaha umwanya na bo bagakora. Yarangizaga umurimo we akahava akajya ahandi agakomeza.

None se ni iki gituma dukora ibintu Yesu Atari gushobora gukora na rimwe? Kuki tugerageza gusohoza ibyo Imana ishaka mu guhora tubwiriza abantu bamwe gusa imyaka igashira indi igataha? Ubwo se ni ryari tuzapfa turangije umurimo twahawe? Mbese ni mpamvu ki abigishwa bacu, nyuma y’imyaka micye gusa, badashobora kuba bagenda na bo bagatoza abigishwa babo?

Icyo nshaka kuvuga ni uko, iyaba twakoraga umurimo wacu nk’uko bikwiye, igihe cyagera abigishwa bacu bakaba bakuze bihagije ku buryo batakidukeneye. Bakagombye kurekurwa bakajya na bo guhindura abandi abigishwa. Tugomba kugera ku ntego Imana yadushyize imbere, kandi Yesu yatweretse uko twabikora. Ku bw’amahirwe, mu itorero ryo murugo ritera imbere hahora hakenewe ko umuntu atoza abigishwa kandi agategura abayobozi. Itorero ryo mu rugo rimeze neza ntirishobora kugwa muri wa mutego wo kuba ari umuntu umwe uzahora abwiriza abantu bamwe imyaka igashira indi igataha.

Impamvu Nziza

(Right Motives)

Kugira ngo ushobore kwigisha bikugeza ku guhindura abantu abigishwa, nta kindi kiruta kuba ufite impamvu nziza zigusunika kubikora. Iyo umuntu ari mu murimo bitewe n’impamvu mbi, n’ibyo akora azabikora nabi. Iyo ni yo mpamvu ya mbere ituma muri iki gihe hariho inyigisho z’ibinyoma nyinshi n’izindi zigoramye mu itorero. Iyo umukozi w’Imana ikimusunika ari ukugira ngo amenyekane, agaragare ko yageze ku ntego mu maso y’abantu, cyangwa kugira ngo yibonere amafaranga menshi, aba yatsinzwe imbere y’amaso y’Imana. Igiteye agahinda cyane ni uko ashobora gusohoza imigambi ye yo kuba ikirangirire, gukomera imbere y’amaso y’abantu, cyangwa kugira amafaranga menshi, ariko umunsi uzaza ubwo ibyamusunikaga mu murimo bye bipfuye bizashyirwa ahabona imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Kristo, maze akabura ingororano y’umurimo yakoze. Naramuka yemerewe kwinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru,[3] buri wese uri aho azamenya ibye; kubura ingororano kwe n’urwego rwe rwo hasi mu bwami ruzaba rubigaragaza. Nta gushidikanya ko mu ijuru hari inzego zitandukanye. Yesu yaratwihanangirije ati:

Nuko uzica rimwe ryo muri ayo mategeko n’aho ryaba ryoroshye hanyuma y’ayandi, akigisha abandi kugira batyo, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mutoya rwose. Ariko uzayakora akayigisha abandi, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mukuru (Mat. 5:19).

Yego ni byo koko abakozi b’Imana bumvira kandi bakigisha amategeko ya Kristo bazababazwa babizira hano mu isi. Yesu yavuze hakiri kare ko abamwubaha bazahura n’imibabaro (reba Mat. 5:10-12; Yohana 16:33). Hari amahirwe macye y’uko bagera ku iterambere ry’isi, kwamamara n’ubutunzi. Icyo bunguka ni ukuzashimwa n’Imana no kuzagororerwa na yo mu gihe kizaza. Mbese wahitamo iki? Kuri ibyo Pawulo yaranditse ati:

Mbese ye, Apolo ni iki? Kandi Pawulo ni iki? Si abagaragu batumye mwizera nk’uko Imana yabahaye umurimo? Ni jye wateye imbuto Apolo na we arazuhira, ariko Imana ni yo yazikujije.Nuko utera nta cyo aba ari cyo cyangwa uwuhīra, keretse Imana ikuza. Utera n’uwuhīra barahwanye kandi umuntu wese azahembwa nk’uko yakoze umurimo we, kuko twembi Imana ari yo dukorera namwe mukaba umurima w’Imana n’inzu yayo.

Nk’uko ubuntu bw’Imana nahawe bungana, nashyizeho urufatiro nk’umwubakisha mukuru w’ubwenge, undi yubakaho. Ariko umuntu wese yirinde uko yubakaho, kuko nta rundi rufatiro umuntu abasha gushyiraho keretse urwashyizweho, ari rwo Yesu Kristo. Ariko umuntu niyubaka kuri urwo rufatiro izahabu cyangwa ifeza, cyangwa amabuye y’igiciro cyinshi cyangwa ibiti, cyangwa ibyatsi cyangwa ibikenyeri, umurimo w’umuntu wese uzerekanwa. Urya munsi ni wo uzawerekana kuko uzahishuzwa umuriro, akaba ari wo kandi uzagerageza umurimo w’umuntu wese. Umurimo w’umuntu, uwo yubatse kuri urwo rufatiro nugumaho azahabwa ingororano, ariko umurimo w’umuntu nushya azabura inyungu, nyamara ubwe azakizwa ariko nk’ukuwe mu muriro. (1 Kor. 3:5-15).

Pawulo yigereranyije n’umwubatsi w’umuhanga cyane ushyiraho urufatiro. Apolo, umwigisha waje i Korinto Pawulo yaramaze kuhashinga itorero, Pawulo amugereranya n’uwubaka ku rufatiro rwamaze gushyirwaho.

Urabona ko Pawulo na Apolo ku iherezo bazahembwa hashingiwe ku bwiza, ntabwo ari ku bwinshi bw’ibyo bakoze (reba 3:13).

Mu mvugo ngereranyo, Pawulo na Apolo, bashobora kubaka inzu y’Imana bakoresheje ibikoresho by’ubwoko butandatu butandukanye; bitatu muri byo ni ibisanzwe bikunda no kuboneka cyane, birahendutse kandi birashya; bindi bitatu muri byo ntibisanzwe, birahenze cyane, kandi ntibishya. Umunsi umwe ibikoresho byabo bitandukanye bizacishwa mu muriro w’urubanza rw’Imana, hanyuma ibiti, ibyatsi n’ibikenyeri bizakongorwa n’umuriro, werekane ko bidakwiriye kandi ko ari iby’igihe gito. Izahabu, ifeza n’amabuye y’igiciro, bivuga imirimo yari iy’igiciro mu maso y’Imana kandi izahoraho, bizaca mu birimi by’umuriro wo kugerageza bidahiye.

Dushobora rwose kudashidikanya ko kwigisha kose kudahuye na Bibiliya kuzatwikwa kugahinduka ivu igihe cy’urubanza rwa Kristo. Kandi ni ko bizaba ku bintu byose byakorewe mu mbaraga, uburyo, cyangwa ubwenge bw’umubiri, kimwe n’imirimo yose yasunitswe n’impamvu zidakwiye. Yesu yavuze ko ikintu cyose tuzakorera gushimwa n’abantu kitazabona ingororano (reba Mat. 6:1-6, 16-18). Iyo mirimo yose y’imburamumaro ishobora kutagaragarira amaso y’abantu muri iki gihe, ariko nta gushidikanya ko mu gihe kizaza izahishurwa imbere y’amaso yose nk’uko Pawulo yavuze.Jyewe, imirimo yanjye iramutse ari iyo mu rwego rw’ibiti, ibyatsi n’ibikenyeri, nahitamo kubimenya ubu aho kuzabimenya ikindi gihe. Ubu hari igihe cyo kwihana; ariko icyo gihe cy’urubanza umuntu azaba yakererewe.

Gusuzuma Impamvu Zidusunika

(Checking Our Motives)

Biroroshye cyane kwibeshya ku mpamvu zidusunitse gukora umurimo w’Imana. Ndabizi ndashidikanya. Mbese twamenya dute ko impamvu ziduhagurukije ari nzima?

Uburyo bwiza cyane kurusha ubundi ni ukubaza Imana niba impamvu zacu ari mbi, hanyuma igasuzuma ibitekerezo n’ibikorwa byacu. Yesu yatubwiye gukora imirimo myiza nko gusenga no gufasha abakene mu ibanga; ubwo ni uburyo bumwe bwo kumenya neza ko turimo dukora neza duharanira gushimwa n’Imana atari ugushaka gushimwa n’abantu. Niba twumvira Imana gusa igihe abantu batureba, icyo ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko hari ibintu bigenda nabi cyane. Cyangwa iyo twirinda ibyaha bikabije byadukoza isoni turamutse dufashwe, ariko tukishora cyane mu byaha byoroheje tubona ko nta muntu uzigera abivumbura, ibyo byerekana ko impamvu zacu zidatunganye. Niba turimo tugerageza kunezeza Imana koko–Yo imenya buri gitekerezo cyacu cyose, buri jambo na buri gikorwa–tuzihatira iteka kuyumvira, mu bintu binini no mu bito, mu byo abantu bamenya no mu byo batamenya.

Ni cyo kimwe kandi, niba impamvu zacu zitunganye, ntabwo tuzakurikirana uburyo bukuza itorero mu ko mu kongera imibare gusa y’abantu baza guterana twirengagiza guhindura abantu abigishwa bumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose.

Tuzigisha Ijambo ry’Imana ryose uko ryakabaye, atari ukwibanda gusa ku nyigisho zinezeza ab’isi n’abanyamubiri.

Ntituzagoreka Ijambo ry’Imana cyangwa ngo twigishe mu buryo bwongera cyangwa bugabanya ku Byanditswe n’icyo bishaka kuvuga iyo urebeye Bibiliya muri rusange yose uko yakabaye.

Ntituzashakira amazina n’imyanya y’ibyubahiro. Ntituzashaka kumenyekana.

Ntituzita ku bakire gusa.

Ntituzibikira ubutunzi mu isi, ahubwo tuzabaho mu buryo bworoheje kandi dutange uko dushoboye, duha icyitegerezo cyo kuba ibisonga byiza imikumbi yacu.

Tuzahangayikishwa cyane n’icyo Imana ivuga ku kubwiriza kwacu kuruta icyo abantu babivugaho.

Mbese impamvu zawe ziteye zite?

Imyizerere Ihinyuza Ibyo Guhindura Abantu Abigishwa

(A Doctrine that Defeats Disciple-Making)

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa nta na rimwe yigisha arwanya intego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa. Bity rero, nta na rimwe yavuga ikintu cyatuma abantu bumva baguwe neza mu kutumvira Umwami Yesu. Nta na rimwe ashobora gusobanura ubuntu bw’Imana nk’uburyo bwo gukora ibyaha nta bwoba bwo gucirwaho iteka. Ahubwo asobanura ubuntu bw’Imana nk’uburyo bwo kwihana no kubaho ubuzima bunesheje. Nk’uko tubizi, Ibyanditswe bivuga ko, unesha gusa ari we uzaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (reba Ibyah. 2:11; 3:5; 21:7).

Ikibabaje ni uko abakozi b’Imana bamwe bo muri iki gihe, bakomeje kugendera mu myizerere yangije byinshi ku ntego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa. Imwe muri iyo myizerere yamamaye cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ni iy’umutekano w’iteka ryose nta kintu bishingiyeho (unconditional eternal security), cyangwa ngo “ukijijwe rimwe uba ukijijwe iteka ryose.” Iyo myizerere ivuga yuko umuntu iyo akijijwe biba birangiye adashobora kuzigera atakaza agakiza ke n’ubwo yakwitwara uko ashatse kose mu mibereho ye. Ngo kuko agakiza ari ku buntu, ngo bwa buntu bwakijije umuntu mbere asenga ngo yakire agakiza ngo ni bwo buzatuma akomeza gukizwa. Ikindi gitekerezo kinyuranyije n’ibyo, ngo ubwo uba ushatse kuvuga ko umuntu akizwa ku bw’imirimo ye.

Ubusanzwe imitekerereze nk’iyo ni ikintu kirwanya cyane kwera no gukiranuka. Niba kumvira Kristo bitari ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu ajye mu ijuru, nta kintu kigaragara cyatuma umuntu yumvira Yesu, cyane cyane iyo bigusaba ikiguzi kinini.

Nk’uko nari nabivuze mbere muri iki gitabo, ubuntu Imana igirira abantu ntibutuma bareka inshingano yabo yo kuyumvira. Ibyanditswe bivuga ko agakiza atari ku buntu gusa, ahubwo ko ari no ku bwo kwizera (reba Ef. 2:8). Ubuntu no kwizera byombi ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu abone agakiza. Kwizera ubundi kuza kubera ubuntu bw’Imana, kandi kwizera kuzima iteka gukurikirwa no kwihana no kumvira. Nk’uko Yakobo avuga, kwizera kutagira imirimo kuba gupfuye, ntacyo kumaze, kandi ntigushobora gukiza umuntu (reba Yak 2:14-26).

Ni cyo gituma Ibyanditswe bivuga kenshi ko kugira ngo umuntu agumane agakiza biterwa n’uko umuntu akomeje kwizera no kumvira. Hari Ibyanditswe byinshi bibisobanura neza. Urugero, mu rwandiko Pawulo yandikiye abizera b’Abakolosayi yaravuze ati:

Namwe abari mwaratandukanijwe n’Imana kera, mukaba mwari abanzi bayo mu mitima yanyu no ku bw’imirimo mibi, none yiyungishije namwe urupfu rw’umubiri we, ngo abashyire imbere yayo muri abera n’abaziranenge mutagawa, niba muguma mu byo twizera mwubatswe neza ku rufatiro, mutanyeganyega kandi mutimurwa ngo muvanwe mu byiringiro biheshwa n’ubutumwa mwumvise, bwabwirijwe mu baremwe bose bari munsi y’ijuru (Kolo. 1:21-23).

Nta kundi byasobanuka neza kurushaho. Keretse umunyatewolojiya (theologian) ni we wakwica cyangwa akagoreka ibyo Pawulo yasobanuraga. Yesu azakomeza kwemeza ko tutariho umugayo niba dukomeje kwizera. Ibyo byongera gushimangirwa mu ba Rom. 11:13-24, 1 Kor. 15:1-2 no mu ba Heb. 3:12-14; 10:38-39, aho bisobanurwa neza ko agakiza ko kugeza ku iherezo kazaterwa n’uko umuntu yagumye mu kwizera. Ibi byanditswe byose bigiye birimo ijambo niba.

Impamvu Kwera ari Ngombwa

(The Necessity of Holiness)

Mbese uwizera yabura ubugingo buhoraho bitewe no gukora ibyaha? Igisubizo tugisanga mu Byanditswe byinshi, nk’ibi bikurikira, byose usanga bihamya ko abakora ibyaha batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana. Iyo uwizera asubiye mu byaha Pawulo yashyize ku rutonde rukurikira ashobora gutakaza ubugingo bwe iteka ryose:

Ntimuzi yuko abakiranirwa batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana? Ntimwishuke. Abahehesi n’abasenga ibishushanyo cyangwa abasambanyi, cyangwa ibitingwa cyangwa abagabo bendana, cyangwa abajura cyangwa abifuza, cyangwa abasinzi cyangwa abatukana cyangwa abanyazi, bene abo ntibazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (1 Kor. 6:9-10).

Dore imirimo ya kamere iragaragara ni iyi: gusambana no gukora ibiteye isoni n’ibyisoni nke, no gusenga ibishushanyo, no kuroga no kwangana no gutongana, n’ishyari n’umujinya n’amahane, no kwitandukanya no kwirema ibice, no kugomanwa no gusinda, n’ibiganiro bibi n’ibindi bias bityo. Ndababwira hakiri kare nk’uko nababwiye kera, yuko abakora ibisa bityo batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (Gal. 5:19-21).

Kuko ibi mubizi neza yuko ari nta musambanyi cyangwa ukora ibyonona cyangwa urarikira, ari we usenga ibigirwamana, ufite ibyo azaragwa mu bwami bwa Kristo n’Imana. Ntihakagire umuntu ubohēsha amagambo y’ubusa, kuko ibyo ari byo bizanira umujinya w’Imana abatayumvira (Ef. 5:5-6).

Urabona ko aho hose, Pawulo yandikiraga abizera, abihanangiriza. Yabihanangirije incuro ebyiri ngo ntibishuke, agaragaza ko yari ahangayikishijwe n’uko abizera bamwe bashobora kwibwira ko umuntu yakomeza akibera muri biriya byaha byose yashyize ku rutonde nyamara akanga akaragwa ubwami bw’Imana.

Yesu yihanangirije abigishwa be b’inkoramutima cyane, Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya ababwira ko bashobora kuba batabwa muri gehinomu baramutse babaye batiteguriye kugaruka kwe. Urabona ko amagambo akurikira ari bo yabwirwaga (reba Mariko 13:1-4), ntabwo yabwirwaga nyamwinshi y’abatizera:

Nuko mube maso kuko mutazi umunsi Umwami wanyu azazaho. Ariko ibi mubimenye, iyaba nyir’urugo yari amenye igicuku umujura azaziramo yabaye maso, ntiyamukundiye gucukura inzu ye. Nuko namwe [Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya] kuko igihe mudatekereza [Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya] ari cyo Umwana w’umuntu azaziramo.

Mbese ni nde mugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge, shebuja yasigiye abo mu rugo rwe kubagerera igerero igihe cyaryo? Uwo mugaragu arahirwa, shebuja naza agasanga abikora. Ndababwira ukuri yuko azamwegurira ibintu bye byose. Ariko umugaragu mubi niyibwira mu mutima we ati “Databuja aratinze”, maze agatangira gukubita abagaragu bagenzi be no gusangira n’abasinzi, shebuja w’uwo mugaragu azaza umunsi atamutegereje n’igihe atazi, amucemo kabiri amuhanane n’indyarya. Ni ho bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo (Mat. 24:42-51).

Ni irihe somo riri muri iyi nkuru? “Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya, muramenye mutazamera nk’uwo mugaragu mubi uvugwa muri uyu mugani.”[4]

Kugira ngo Yesu ashimangire neza ibyo yari amaze kubwira abigishwa be b’inkoramutima cyane, ako kanya yakomeje ababwira umugani w’abakobwa cumi. Bose uko ari icumi ubundi bari bategereje kuza k’umukwe, ariko bamwe baza kurangara ntibaba bakiteguye hanyuma ntibemererwa kwinjira mu birori by’ubukwe. Yesu yarangije uwo mugani muri aya magambo ati, “Nuko mube maso [Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya], kuko mutazi [Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya] umunsi cyangwa igihe” (Matayo 25:13). Bisobanura ngo, “Mwebwe Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya, ntimukamere nka ba bakobwa batanu b’abapfu” Iyo hataza kubaho izo mpungenge z’uko Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya bashobora kuzasangwa batiteguye, ntibyakabaye ngombwa ko Yesu abihanangiriza.

Hanyuma Yesu ako kanya abacira umugani w’italanto. Na none bwari ubutumwa bumwe. “Muramenye mutazamera nka wa mugaragu mubi wahawe italanto imwe hanyuma akabura icyo yungutse amurikira shebuja igihe yari agarutse.” Ku musozo w’uwo mugani, shebuja yaciye iteka ati, “N’uyu mugaragu nta cyo amaze, mumujugunye mu mwijima hanze, ni ho bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo” (Mat. 25:30). Nta bundi buryo burenze ubwo Yesu yari kumvikanishamo neza ubutumwa bwe. Keretse umunyatewolojiya gusa ni we wagoreka ibyo yashakaga kuvuga. Hari hari akaga k’uko Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya bashoboraga kuzatabwa mu muriro Yesu agarutse agasanga batarumviye. Niba ibyo byarashobokaga kuri Petero, Yakobo, Yohana na Andereya, birashoboka no kuri twese. Nk’uko Yesu yasezeranye, abakora ibyo Se wo mu ijuru ashaka, ni bo bonyine bazinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru (reba Mat. 7:21).[5]

Abigisha inyigisho y’ibinyoma y’umutekano w’iteka kandi nta cyo bishingiyeho (unconditional eternal security) barwanya Kristo ku mugaragaro kandi bashyigikiye Satani, bigisha ibinyuranye n’ibyo Kristo n’intumwa bigishaga. Bahindura ubusa itegeko rya Yesu ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa bazitondera ibyo yategetse byose, bagasiba inzira ifunganye igana mu ijuru, ahubwo bagakingura cyane inzira yagutse igana mu irimbukiro.[6]

Indi Myizerere y’iki gihe Irwanya Guhindura Abantu Abigishwa

(Another Modern Doctrine that Defeats Disciple-Making)

Ntabwo ari inyigisho y'”umutekano w’iteka nta cyo bishingiyeho” gusa iyobya abantu ngo bumve ko kwera no gukiranuka bitari ngombwa ngo umuntu aragwe ubugingo buhoraho. Urukundo rw’Imana na rwo kenshi rujya rwigishwa mu buryo buhindura ubusa ibyo guhindura abantu abigishwa. Abavugabutumwa wumva kenshi babwira ababateze amatwi ngo, “Imana irabakunda bitagize icyo bishingiyeho.” Abantu bumva ko bishatse kuvuga ngo, “Imana iranyemera kandi ikanyakira naba nyumviye cyangwa ntayumviye.” Nyamara ibyo si ukuri.

Abenshi muri abo bavugabutumwa bizera ko Imana izajugunya mu muriro abantu batavutse bwa kabiri, kandi koko ni byo ntibaba bibeshye iyo bizeye batyo. Noneho reka tubitekerezeho. Birumvikana ko, Imana itemera ibyo abantu izajugunya mu muriro bakora. None se kandi umuntu yavuga ate ko ibakunda? Mbese abantu batabwa mu muriro Imana irabakunda? Uribwira ko bashobora kukubwira ko Imana ibakunda? Oya, birumvikana. Imana se ishobora kuvuga ko ibakunda? Oya nawe urabyumva! Ntishaka no kubabona mu maso yayo, ari cyo gituma ibahanisha gutabwa muri gehinomu. Ntiyemera ibyabo ntinabakunda.

Ubwo bimeze bityo rero, urukundo Imana ifitiye abanyabyaha bo mu isi biragaragara ko ari urukundo rw’impuhwe rutazahoraho, kandi si urukundo rubemera rukabakira. Ibahirira impuhwe, igatinza urubanza rwayo kugira ngo ibahe amahirwe yo kwihana. Yesu yarabapfiriye, abashyiriraho uburyo bwo kubabarirwa. Muri ubwo buryo no muri urwo rwego, umuntu yavuga ko Imana ibakunda. Ariko ntabwo ibemera na gato cyangwa ngo ibishimire. Nta narimwe yumva ibakunze nk’uko umubyeyi yumva akunze umwana we. Ahubwo Ibyanditswe biravuga ngo, “Nk’uko se w’abana abagirira ibambe, ni ko Uwiteka arigirira abamwubaha” (Zab. 103:13).Umuntu ashobora rero kuvuga ko Imana itagira ibambe nk’iryo ku batayuba. Urukundo Imana ikunda abanyabyaha ni nk’impuhwe umucamanza agirira umwicanyi icyaha gihamye, maze aho kumucira urwo gupfa akamukatira gufungwa burundu.

Nta hantu na hamwe mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa wasanga umuntu wabwirije ubutumwa bwiza abantu badakijijwe ababwira ko Imana ibakunda. Ahubwo abavugabutumwa bo muri Bibiliya kenshi bihanangirizaga ababumva bababwira iby’umujinya w’Imana kandi babahamagarira kwihana, bakabamenyesha ko Imana itabishimiye, ko bari mu kaga, kandi ko hari byinshi bakwiye guhindura mu mibereho yabo. Iyo baba barabwiye ababumva ko Imana ibakunda gusa (kandi ni ko abakozi b’Imana benshi bo muri iki gihe bakora), baba barabaybeje bagatuma bibwira ko nta kaga barimo, ko batarimo bigwiriza umujinya w’Imana, kandi ko nta mpamvu bafite yo kwihana.

Urwango rw’Imana ku banyabyaha

(God’s Hatred of Sinners)

Mu buryo butandukanye n’ibikunze kubwirizwa cyane muri iki gihe bavuga ko Imana ikunda abanyabyaha, Ibyanditswe bivuga cyane ko Imana yanga abanyabyaha:

Abibone ntibazahagarara mu maso yawe, wanga inkozi z’ibibi zose. Uzarimbura abanyabinyoma, Uwiteka yanga urunuka umwicanyi n’umuriganya (Zab. 5:5-6).

Uwiteka agerageza abakiranutsi, ariko umunyabyaha n’ūkunda urugomo umutima we urabanga (Zab. 11:5).

Nasize inzu yanjye, nataye umwandu wanjye, uw umutima wanjye ukunda cyane namutanze mu maboko y’abanzi be. Umwandu wanjye wambereye nk’intare yo mu ishyamba, yaranguruye ijwi ryo kuntera ni cyo gituma mwanga (Yer. 12:7-8).

Ububi bwabo bwose bwagaragariye i Gilugali, ni ho nabangiye! Nzabirukana mu nzu yanjye mbahoye ububi bw’ibyo bakoze, sinzongera kubakunda ukundi, ibikomangoma byabo ni abagome (Hos. 9:15).

Urabona ko ibyo byanditswe byose biri haruguru bitavuga ngo Imana yanga gusa ibyo bakora–biravuga ngo irabanga. Ibi Bizana akantu k’umucyo ku bintu bikunze kuvugwa ngo Imana ikunda umunyabyaha ariko icyo yanga ni icyaha. Ntidushobora gutandukanya umuntu n’ibyo akora. Ibyo akora bigaragaza uwo ari we. Ni cyo gituma Imana iba ishyize mu gaciro iyo yanga umuntu ukora ibyaha, si ukwanga gusa ibyaha umuntu akora. Imana iramutse yishimiye abantu bakora ibyo yanga, yaba yivuguruza cyane. Mu nkiko zo mu isi, abantu bacirwa imanza z’ibyaha byabo, hanyuma bagakanirwa urubakwiye. Ntitwanga icyaha hanyuma ngo twishimire abakora ibyaha.

Abantu Imana yanga urunuka

(People Whom God Abhors)

Ntabwo Ibyanditswe byemeza gusa ko hari abantu Imana yanga, ahubwo binahamya ko hari abanyabyaha bamwe yanga urunuka, cyangwa ko abo bantu ari ikizira kuri yo. Na none reba Ibyanditswe bikurikira urasanga bitavuga ko ibyo abo bantu bakora ari byo kizira ku Mana, ahubwo bivuga ko abo bantu ubwabo ari bo kizira ku Uwiteka. Ntibivuga ngo Uwiteka yanga urunuka ibyaha ahubwo biravuga ngo Imana ibanga[7]urunuka:

Umugore cyangwa umukobwa ntakambarane n’umugabo, kandi umugabo ntakambarane n’umugore, kuko ukora atyo wese ari ikizira Imana yawe yanga urunuka (Guteg. 22:5).

Kuko abakora ibimeze nka bya bindi bose, abakora ibidatunganye bose, ari ikizira Uwiteka Imana yawe yanga urunuka (Guteg. 25:16).

Muzarya inyama z’abahungu banyu n’iz’abakobwa banyu, muzazirya. Kandi nzatsemba amasengero yanyu yo mu mpinga z’imisozi, nzatema nce ibishushanyo byanyu bishinzwe byerejwe izuba, nzajugunya intumbi zanyu ku bimene by’ibigirwamana byanyu, umutima wanjye uzabanga urunuka (Lewi 26:29-30).

Abibone ntibazahagarara mu maso yawe, wanga inkozi z’ibibi zose. Uzarimbura abanyabinyoma, Uwiteka yanga urunuka umwicanyi n’umuriganya (Zab. 5:5-6).

Kuko ikigoryi ari ikizira ku Uwiteka, ariko ibanga rye rimenywa n’abakiranutsi (Imig. 3:32).

Abafite umutima w’ubugoryi ni ikizira ku Uwiteka, ariko anezezwa n’abagenda batunganye (Imig. 11:20).

Umuntu wese w’ubwibone bwo mu mutima ni ikizira ku Uwiteka, ni ukuri rwose ntazabura guhanwa (Imig. 16:5).

Uha urubanza ababi kandi utsindisha abakiranutsi, bombi ni ikizira ku Uwiteka (Imig. 17:15).

Mbese Ibyanditswe nk’ibi twabihuza dute n’ibivuga noneho urukundo rw’Imana ku banyabyaha? Umuntu yashobora ate kuvuga ko Imana yanga urunuka abanyabyaha, ariko kandi ko na none ibakunda?

Bigomba kumvikana ko urukundo rwose rudasa n’urundi. Hari urukundo rutagira icyo ruca. Twarwita “urukundo rw’impuhwe.” Ni urukundo ruvuga ngo, “Ndagukunda n’ubwo.” Rukunda abantu rutitaye ku bikorwa byabo. Urwo ni rwo rukundo Imana ikunda abanyabyaha.

Urundi rutandukanye n’urukundo rw’impuhwe ni urukundo rufite icyo ruturutseho(conditional love). Twarwita “urukundo rwishimira umuntu.” Ni urukundo ruzanywe n’uko hari icyo wakoze cyangwa kuko urukwiriye. Ni urukundo ruvuga ngo, “Ngukunda kubera ko.”

Bamwe batekereza ko ngo niba urukundo rurinze kugira icyo ruturukaho, ngo ubwo urwo si urukundo na gato. Cyangwa bagaha bene urwo rukundo agaciro gacye bavuga ko ari ukwikunda, ko rutagereranywa n’urukundo rw’Imana.

Nyamara ukuri ni uko Imana igira urukundo rufite icyo ruturutseho nk’uko Ibyanditswe bigiye kubitwereka mu kanya. Bityo ntabwo urukundo rwishimira umuntu rugomba gukerenswa. Urukundo rwishimira umuntu (approving love) ni rwo rukundo Imana igirira mbere na mbere abana bayo nyakuri. Dukwiye kwifuza cyane urukundo rw’Imana rwo kutwishimira kurusha urukundo rwayo rw’impuhwe.

Mbese Urukundo Rwishimira Umuntu Ni Urukundo Ruto cyane?

( Is Approving Love an Inferior Love?)

Hagarara gato ubanze wibaze iki kibazo: “Ni uruhe rukundo nahitamo ko abantu bankunda—urukundo rw’impuhwe cyangwa urukundo runyishimira?” Nzi neza ko wahitamo ko abantu “bagukundira ko,” aho “kugukunda n’ubwo.”

Mbese wahitamo iki muri ibi, ari ukumva mugenzi wawe mwashakanye akubwira ati, “Nta mpamvu n’imwe mfite yo kugukunda, nta n’ikintu na kimwe ugira gituma numva nkwishimiye ngo nkwereke urukundo rwanjye” no kumva avuga ati, “Mfite impamvu nyinshi zintera kugukunda, kuko hari ibintu byinshi kuri wowe nkunda cyane”? Birumvikana ko twahitamo ko abo twashakanye badukunda urukundo rwo kutwishimira, kandi bene urwo rukundo ni rwo ruhuza umugabo n’umugore rukanatuma banagumana. Iyo nta kintu na kimwe umuntu ashima ku wo bashakanye, iyo urukundo rwishimira umuntu rwarangiye rwose, ni ingo nkeya zisigara zidasenyutse. Iyo zidasenyutse, ziba zisigaye zubakiye ku rukundo rw’impuhwe, rushingiye ku myifatire yo gukiranukira Imana nyirukurutanga afite.

Ubwo ibyo byose bimeze bityo, turabona ko urukundo rwishimira umuntu (approving), cyangwa urukundo rufite icyo ruturutseho (conditional love), atari urukundo ruto na gato. Urukundo rw’impuhwe ni rwiza kurugirira umuntu, ariko urukundo rwo kwishimira umuntu ni rwo rwiza kurugirirwa. Byongeye kandi, kubona urukundo rwo kwishimira umuntu ari rwo rukundo rwonyine Data yagiriye Yesu bituma rufata umwanya warwo w’icyubahiro rukwiriye. Imana Data nta na rimwe yigeze igirira Yesu n’agatonyanga k’urukundo rw’impuhwe, kuko nta kintu na kimwe kigayitse kigeze kiboneka mu bugingo bwa Kristo. Yesu yarabihamije:

Igituma Data ankunda ni uko ntanga ubugingo bwange ngo mbusubirane (Yohana 10:17).

Bityo tubona ko icyatumaga Data akunda Yesu ari ukubera kuganduka kwe akemera gupfa. Ku rukundo rwishimira umuntu nta kintu na kimwe kigomba kuba kidatunganye kandi byose bigomba kuba bitunganye. Yesu yakoreye urukundo rwa Se arugeraho kandi yari arukwiye.

Yesu yahamije ko igituma aguma mu rukundo rwa Se ari uko yitondera amategeko ye:

Uko Data yankunze ni ko nanjye nabakunze. Nuko rero mugume mu rukundo rwanjye. Nimwitondera amategeko yanjye muzaguma mu rukundo rwanjye; nk’uko nanjye nitondeye amategeko ya Data nkaguma mu rukundo rwe (Yohana 15:9-10).

Ikindi kandi, nk’uko iki Cyanditswe kibigaragaza, tugomba gukurikiza urugero rwa Yesu, tukaguma mu rukundo rwe ku bwo kwitondera amategeko ye. Biragaragara ko Yesu muri icyo cyanditswe avuga ku rukundo rwishimira umuntu, atubwira ko dushobora kandi ko tugomba gukorera urukundo rwe, kandi ko tuguma mu rukundo rwe ari uko twitondeye amategeko ye gusa. Ikintu nk’icyo ni gacye cyane cyigishwa muri iyi minsi, ariko cyakagombye kwigishwa, kuko ni byo Yesu yavuze.

Yesu ahamya urukundo rw’Imana rwishimira umuntu ku bitondera amategeko ye:

Kuko Data na we abakunda ubwe kuko mwankunze mukizera yuko navuye ku Mana (Yohana 16:27).

Ufite amategeko yanjye akayitndera ni we unkunda, kandi unkunda azakundwa na Data, nanjye nzamukunda mwiyereke….umuntu nankunda azitondera ijambo ryanjye, na Data azamukunda, tuzaza aho ari tugumane na we (Yohana 14:21, 23).

Urabona ko muri ibyo byanditswe bya kabiri Yesu abo yahaga isezerano atari abizera badashikamye ngo noneho niba batangiye kwitondera amagambo ye azabegera mu buryo budasanzwe. Oya, Yesu yasezeranaga ko uwo ari we wese uzatangira kumukunda akitondera ijambo rye, ko Se azakunda uwo muntu, ko kandi we na Se bombi bazaza bakaba muri uwo muntu, biravuga mu buryo bugaragara ku kuvuka bwa kabiri. Umuntu wese wavutse bwa kabiri aba afite muri we Data n’Umwana bombi mu buryo bw’Umwuka Wera uba muri we (reba Rom. 8:9). Nuko rero na none turabona ko abavutse bwa kabiri koko ari abihannye ibyaha bagatangira kumvira Yesu, bityo rero ni na bo bonyine bagororerwa urukundo rwa Data rwishimira umuntu.

Birumvikana ko Yesu akomeza no kugirira urukundo rw’impuhwe abamwizera. Iyo batumviye, aba yiteguye kubababarira iyo batuye ibyaha byabo kandi bakababarira abandi.

Umwanzuro

(The Conclusion)

Ibi byose bishatse kuvuga ko Imana idakunda abana bayo bayumvira kimwe n’uko ikunda abanyabyaha. Ikunda abanyabyaha urukundo rw’impuhwe gusa, kandi urwo rukundo ni urw’igihe gito gusa, rurangirana n’uko bapfuye.Hamwe no kubakunda urwo rukundo rw’impuhwe, inabanga urwango ruturuka ku kutishimira imyifatire yabo. Ibi ni byo Ibyanditswe Byera bivuga.

Ku rundi ruhande na none, Imana ikunda cyane abana bayo kurusha abandi bantu batavutse bwa kabiri. Mbere na mbere ibakunda urukundo rwo kubishimira kubera ko bihannye kandi bakaba baharanira kwitondera amategeko yayo. Uko bagenda batera intambwe mu kwera no gukiranuka, impamvu zo kubakunda urukundo rw’impuhwe zigenda zigabanuka ahubwo impamvu zo kubakunda urukundo rwo kubishimira zikagenda zirushaho kwiyongera; kandi icyo ni cyo baba bifuza.

Ibi kandi biravuga ko uburyo butandukanye abavugabutumwa n’abigisha b’iki gihe bakunze kuvugamo urukundo rw’Imana atari bwo kandi buyobya. Ukurikije icyo Ibyanditswe bivuga, fata akanya usuzume ibi bintu umenyereye kumva bivugwa ku rukundo rw’Imana:

1.) Nta kintu na kimwe wakora ngo bitume Imana yongera cyangwa igabanya urukundo igukunda ubu nonaha.

2.) Nta kintu na kimwe wakora ngo gitume Imana ireka kugukunda.

3.) Urukundo rw’Imana nta kintu rushingiraho, nta kiguzi rusaba.

4.) Imana ikunda abantu bose kimwe.

5.) Imana ikunda umunyabyaha ikanga icyaha.

6.) Nta kintu na kimwe wakora ngo Imana igukunde kubera icyo kintu wakoze.

7.) Urukundo Imana idukunda ntirushingiye ku byo dukora.

Ibi bintu byose byavuzwe haruguru bishobora kuyobya abantu kandi ibindi ni ibinyoma rwose, kuko ibyinshi muri byo bihakana byimazeyo urukundo rw’Imana rwishimira umuntu kandi ibindi bikavuga mu buryo butari bwo urukundo rw’impuhwe.

Turebye icya (1), hari icyo abizera bashobora gukora bigatuma Imana ibishimira ikabakunda kurushaho: bashobora kuyumvira kurushaho. Kandi hari icyo bashobora gukora bigatuma urukundo rw’Imana rwo kubishimira rugabanuka: kutumvira. Abanyabyaha, hari icyo bashobora gukora bigatuma Imana ibakunda kurushaho: kwihana. Bityo bashobora gushyikira urukundo rw’Imana rwo kubishimira. Kandi hari icyo bashobora gukora bigatuma urukundo Imana ibakunda rugabanuka: gupfa. Bityo baba babuze urukundo rumwe rusa Imana yabakundaga, urukundo rw’impuhwe.

Turebye icya (2), umukristo ashobora gutakaza urukundo rw’Imana rwo kumwishimira mu gusubira mu byaha, agatuma urukundo Imana ikomeza kumukunda ari urukundo rw’impuhwe gusa. Kandi na none utizera iyo apfuye, urukundo rw’impuhwe, ari na rwo rukundo rwonyine Imana yari imufitiye ruba rurangiye.

Ku byerekeye icya (3), nta gushidikanya ko urukundo rw’Imana rwo kwishimira umuntu rugira icyo rushingiraho. Kandi erega n’urukundo rw’impuhwe narwo ruterwa n’uko umuntu aba agihagaze ari muzima atarapfa ngo bamuhambe. Iyo umuntu amaze gupfa, urukundo rw’impuhwe rw’Imana rurarangira, ubwo rero rufite icyo rushingiraho kuko ari urw’igihe runaka rudahoraho.

Ibyerekeye icya (4), ikigaragara ko gishoboka cyane cyo ni uko Imana idakunda abantu bose kimwe, kuko bose, ari abanyabyaha ari n’abera, ibakunda cyangwa ibishimira mu buryo butandukanye. Nta gushidikanya ko urukundo Imana ikunda abanyabyaha atari rwo ikunda abakiranutsi.

Ku cya (5), Imana yanga abanyabyaha n’ibyaha byabo. Umuntu yaba abivuze neza kurushaho avuze ko Imana ikunda abanyabyaha urukundo rw’impuhwe ikanga ibyaha byabo. Mu byerekeranye n’urukundo rwayo rwo kwishimira umuntu, irabanga.

Ku cya (6), abantu bose n’umuntu uwo ari we wese yaumuntu uwo ari we wese yakagombye kugera ku rukundo rw’Imana rwo kumwishimira. Birumvikana na none ko nta muntu n’umwe wagira icyo akora ngo bitume Imana imukunda urukundo rw’impuhwe, kuko rwo nta cyo rushingiraho.

Ubwa nyuma ku cya (7), urukundo rw’impuhwe rw’Imana ntirushingira ku byo dukora, ariko urukundo rwayo rwo kwishimira umuntu rwo nta gushidikanya ko rubishingiraho.

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa agomba kuvuga urukundo rw’Imana mu buryo nyabwo, nk’uko ruvugwa muri Bibiliya, kuko adakwiye kwemera ko hari umuntu ubeshywa. Abantu bazajya mu ijuru bonyine gusa ni abo Imana ikunda urukundo rwo kubishimira, kandi abantu Imana ikunda urukundo rwo kubishimira gusa ni abavutse bwa kabiri kandi bakumvira Yesu. Umukozi w’Imana uhishwa nta na rimwe ashobora kwigisha ikintu cyatuma abantu bateshuka ku kwera. Intego ye iba ari imwe n’iy’Imana, ni uguhindura abantu abigishwa bitondera amategeko yose ya Kristo.

 

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[1] Ababwirizabutumwa iyo babwiriza ubutumwa bwiza umuntu ashobora no kuvuga ko ari uburyo bwo kwigisha, kandi abvabwirizabutumwa bagomba kubwiriza ubutumwa buhuye na Bibiliya.

[2] Abizera bose ntibahawe inshingano yo kwigisha amatsinda y’abantu benshi mu ruhame, ariko bose bafite inshingano yo kwigisha, umuntu ku wundi, bahindura abantu abigishwa (reba Mat. 5:19; 28:19-20; Kolo. 3:16; Heb. 5:12).

[3] Ndavuga ngo “Naramuka” kuko ya masega yambaye uruhu rw’intama biragaragara neza ko ari “abakozi b’Imana” bari mu murimo ku bw’inyungu zabo, kandi bazatabwa mu muriro. Ndakeka ko ikibatandukanya n’abakozi b’Imana nyakuri basunitswe n’impamvu mbi ari ubusumbane bw’ububi bw’izo mpamvu zibasunitse mu murimo.

[4] Igitangaje ni uko, abigisha bamwe, badashobora kugira aho bahungira ukuri k’uko Yesu yaburiraga abigishwa be b’inkoramutima kandi ko wa mugaragu mubi asobanura uwizera, bavuga ko ha handi bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo ari ahantu hafi aho mu nkengero z’ijuru. Ngo aho abizera batakiranutse bazahamara igihe gito barizwa n’ingororano bahombye ngo kugeza ubwo Yesu azazira akabahanagura marira barize hanyuma akabakira mu ijuru!

[5] Birumvikana ko umukristo akoze icyaha kimwe adahita atakaza agakiza ke. Abasabye imbabazi z’ibyaha byabo Imana irabababarira (niba na bo bababarira ababacumuyeho). Abadasabye Imana imbabazi baba bishyize mu kaga ko guhanwa n’Imana. Gusa iyo bakomeje kunangira imitima yabo ntibite ku bihano bahawe n’Imana, icyo gihe abizera baba bari mu kaga ko kuba batakaza agakiza kabo.

[6] Abataremera ko umukristo ashobora gutakaza agakiza ke bakwiye kureba Ibyanditswe byose bikurikira byo mu Isezerano Rishya: Mat. 18:21-35; 24:4-5, 11-13, 23-26, 42-51; 25:1-30; Luka 8:11-15; 11:24-28; 12:42-46; Yohana 6:66-71; 8:31-32, 51; 15:1-6; Ibyak. 11:21-23; 14:21-22; Rom. 6:11-23; 8:12-14, 17; 11:20-22; 1 Kor. 9:23-27; 10:1-21; 11:29-32; 15:1-2; 2 Kor. 1:24; a5:5-6, 11-15, 6:9-12, 17-19, 20-21; 2 Tim. 2:11-18; 3:13-15; Heb. 2:1-3; 3:6-19; 4:1-16: 5:8-9; 6:4-9, 10-20; 10:19-39; 12:1-17, 25-29; Yak. 1:12-16; 4:4-10; 5:19-20; 2 Pet. 1:5-11; 2:1-22; 3:16-17; 1 Yohana 2:15-2:28; 5:16; 2 Yohana 6-9; Yuda 1:20-21; Ibyah. 2:7, 10-11, 17-26; 3:4-5, 8-12, 14-22; 21:7-8; 22:18-19. Ibyanditswe abigisha imyizerere y'”umutekano w’iteka nta cyo bishingiyeho” bakunze kugenderaho ni ibishimangira gusa ahubwo ubwizerwa bw’Imana mu gakiza, ariko nta cyo bivuga ku ruhare rw’umuntu. Bityo rero ibyo byanditswe bigomba gusobanurwa byuzuzanya na bya bi ndi byose maze gushyira ku rutonde. Kuba Imana yarasezeranije kwizerwa kwayo ntabwo bivuga ko n’umuntu kwizerwa kwe kugumyeho. Kuba jyewe nsezeranije umugore wanjye ko ntazigera musiga kandi koko ngakomeza isezerano ryanjye, ntibisobanura ko we atazigera ansiga.

[7] Hari uwashobra kujya impaka akavuga ati ibi byanditswe byose byerekana urwango Imana ifitiye abanyabyaha n’ukuntu ibanga urunuka ni ibyo mu Isezerano rya Kera. Nyamara uko Imana ifata abanyabyaha ntibyigeze bihinduka uhereye mu Isezerano rya Kera ukageza ku Rishya. Ibya Yesu na wa mugore w’umunyakanānikazi biri muri Matayo 15:22-28 ni urugero rwiza rwo mu Isezerano Rishya rutwereka uko Imana ifata abanyabyaha. Bakibonana ntabwo Yesu yashakaga no kumva gutakamba kwe, ndetse yamugereranyije n’imbwa. Ariko amaherezo kwizera kwe kudacogora kwatumye Yesu hari ineza amwereka. Imyifatire ya Yesu ku banditsi n’Abafarisayo byagorana kwemera ko yagaragazaga urukundo rwo kubishimira (reba Mat. 23).

None rero uri pastori kandi urifuza ko itorero ryawe rikura. Icyo ni icyifuzo rusange mu bapastori. Ariko se kubera iki ushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura? Uvugishije ukuri impamvu nyayo iri mu mutima wawe ni iyihe?

Mbese urashaka ko itorero ryawe rikura kugira ngo wumve ko wageze ku ntego? Urashaka kubahwa se ukumva ufite ijambo?Mbese urushaka kugira ububasha ku bantu? Urumva se ari bwo buryo washyikira ubutunzi?Izo zose ni impamvu zipfuye zo gushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura.

Niba ushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura kugira ngo Imana ihabwe icyubahiro uko ubugingo bw’abantu benshi bugenda buhindurwa n’Umwuka Wera, iyo rero ahubwo ni yo mpamvu nyayo yo kwifuza gukura kw’itorero ryawe.

Ariko kandi birashoboka ko twakwibeshya, tukibwira ko dusunitswe n’impamvu nziza kandi mu by’ukuri ari ukwishakira inyungu zacu bidukoresha.

Twamenya dute impamvu nyazo zidusunika?Twamenya dute niba koko dushaka kubaka ubwami bw’Imana cyangwa niba ari ubwami bwacu bwite dushaka kwiyubakira?

Uburyo bumwe ni ugusuzuma uko twakira mu mitima yacu gutera imbere kw’abandi bapastori. Niba twibwira ko duhagurukijwe n’impamvu nziza, tukumva rwose ko icyo duharanira ari ubwami bw’Imana n’uko itorero ryayo rikura, nyamara tukisangana ishyari mu mitima yacu igihe twumvise ko amatorero yandi yateye imbere, ibyo bigaragaza ko impamvu zituma twifuza gukura kw’itorero ryacu zidatunganye. Byerekana ko mu by’ukuri ikidushishikaje atari ugukura kw’itorero ry’Imana ahubwo ko ari ugukura kw’itorero ryacu. Ibyo se biterwa n’iki?Ni ukubera ko impamvu zidusunika zitaba ari izera rwose, niba atari n’ijana ku ijana nibura haba harimo igice kidatunganye kirimo kwikunda no kwishakira inyungu.

Dushobora na none kumenya impamvu zidusunika izo ari zo mu gusuzuma uko tubyifatamo mu mitima yacu igihe twumvise ko hari itorero rishya ryatangiye mu gace dutuyemo. Iyo twumvise bitubujije umutekano, icyo ni ikimenyetso cy’uko ikiduhangayitse ari ubwami bwacu aho kuba ubwami bw’Imana.

N’abapastori b’amatorero manini bashobora kwisuzuma bakoresheje ubu buryo. Abapastori nk’abo bashobora no kwibaza ibibazo bati, “Mbese njya ntekereza kuba natangiza andi matorero, nkaba narekura abantu b’ingirakamaro mu itorero ryanjye ngo bajye gutangiza ayo matorero, ku buryo bishobora gutera icyuho mu itorero rikagabanuka cyane?” Umupastori urwanya cyane bene icyo gitekerezo ashobora kuba arimo kwiyubakira itorero rye ku bw’icyubahiro cye bwite. (Ku rundi ruhande, umupastori w’itorero rinini ashobora gutangiza amatorero mashya ku bw’icyubahiro cye, kugira ngo gusa ashobore kwirata umubare w’amatorero yabyawe n’itorero rye.) Ikindi kibazo ashobora kwibaza ni nk’iki, “Mbese negerana n’abapastori b’amatorero mato cyangwa nabigije kure yanjye, numva ko mbarenze?” Cyangwa, “Mbese nakwemera gushumba itorero ryo mu rugo ry’abantu hagati ya cumi na babiri na makumyabiri, cyangwa ibyo byangora cyane nkumva binteye isoni?”[1]

Ibyo Gukura kw’Itorero

(The Church Growth Movement)

Mu nzu zigurishirizwamo ibitabo bya gikristo muri Amerika na Kanada, kenshi usanga hari ibihande byihariwe n’ibitabo bivuga ku gukura kw’itorero. Ibyo bitabo n’ibitekerezo bibikubiyemo byakwiriye hirya no hino mu isi.Abapastori bafite inzara yo kwiga ukuntu bakongera umubare w’abantu mu matorero yabo, nuko akenshi bakihutira kwakira inama zitanzwe n’abapastori b’amatorero rutūra(mega-church pastors) b’abanyamerika bagaragara ko bageze ku ntego bitewe n’ubunini bw’insengero zabo hamwe n’umubare w’abantu baza guterana ku cyumweru.

Nyamara abantu bisumbuyeho gato kugira ubushishozi, basanga ubwinshi bw’abaterana n’ubunini bw’urusengero atari byo bimenyetso byerekana urwego rwo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Amatorero amwe yo muri Amerika yakuze biturutse ku nyigisho ziteye isoni zigoreka ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Navuganye n’abapastori hirya no hino mu isi bababajwe no kumenya ko ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abapastori b’abanyamerika bizera kandi bakigisha ko iyo umuntu akijijwe biba birangiye adashobora kuzanyagwa agakiza ke, kabone n’ubwo yaba yizera ibintu bimeze bite cyangwa afite imyifatire imeze ite. Kandi abapastori benshi b’abanyamerika babwiriza ubutumwa bufunguye(nk’amata bashyizemo amazi) buvuga agakiza k’ubuntu kandi katavunanye, butuma abantu bibwira ko bashobora kuragwa ijuru batarinze gutunganya ingeso zabo. Undi mubare munini gato kurutaho ni uw’abapastori babwiriza ubutumwa bwo gukira, umuntu akagira amafaranga menshi, bagakongeza ingeso y’ubugugu abantu usanga gusenga kwabo cyangwa kubaha Imana kwabo ari uburyo bwo kwigwizaho imitungo yo babika hano mu isi. Abo ni abapastori bafite ubuhanga bwo gukuza itorero budakwiye rwose kwiganwa.

Ibyo bitabo bivuga ku gukura kw’itorero nanjye narabisomye ariko bintera urujijo. Ibyinshi birimo inama n’uburyo bw’imikorere umuntu yavuga ko ari ubwa Bibiliya, bigatuma umuntu yabisoma.Nyamara hafi ya byose bishingira ku myaka 1700 itorero-dini rimaze, aho gushingira ku rugero rw’itorero nk’uko Bibiliya irivuga. Bityo rero icyibandwaho cyane si ukubaka umubiri wa Kristo mu kugwiza abigishwa n’abahindura abandi abigishwa, ahubwo ni ukubaka amatorero-dini y’abantu ku giti cyabo akomeza gukenera iteka inyubako zirushijeho kuba nini, abakozi barushijeho kuba inzobere na za gahunda z’ubuhanga bwinshi, kandi ayo matorero-dini akagira imiterere nk’iy’ishyirahamwe/sosiyete y’ubucuruzi aho kuba umuryango.

Bumwe mu buryo bwo gukuza itorero bukoreshwa muri iki gihe busa n’ubuvuga ko, kugira ngo umuntu yongere umubare w’abantu gusa, amateraniro y’itorero agomba kugira ukuntu aryoshywa ku buryo bwakurura abantu badashaka gukurikira Yesu. Ubwo buryo bukavuga ko inyigisho/ikibwiriza kigomba kuba kigufi kandi hakaba harimo amagambo avuga ibintu byiza gusa, gusenga ariko abantu batagaragaza amarangamutima yabo, kutavuga na rimwe iby’amafaranga, n’ibindi.Ibi ntabwo bituma habaho guhindura abantu abigishwa biyanze kandi bumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose. Ahubwo icyo bibyara ni abantu bitwa ko ari abakristo ariko udashobora gutandukanya n’ab’isi kandi bari mu nzira ngari igana irimbukiro. Ubu ntabwo ari uburyo bw’Imana mu kwigarurira isi ahubwo ni uburyo bwa Satani mu kwigarurira itorero. Ntabwo ari “ugukura kw’itorero” ahubwo ni “ugukura kw’isi.”

Uburyo bwo Kwita ku Binezeza Abantu

(The Seeker-Sensitive Model)

Uburyo bw’abanyamerika bwo gukuza itorero bwamamaye ni ubwitwa “seeker-sensitive”(kumenya ibyo abaje guterana bishimira cyangwa ibyo banga).Muri ubu buryo, amateraniro yo ku cyumweru mu gitondo aba yateguwe mu buryo (1) abakristo bumva bisanzuye mu gutumira incuti zabo zidakijijwe, kandi (2) ku buryo abantu badakijijwe babwirwa ubutumwa mu magambo atabakomerekeje bashobora kwakira kandi bakayasobanukirwa.Amateraniro yo mu mibyizi n’amatsinda mato bigaharirwa inyigisho z’abakijijwe.

Hakoreshejwe ubu buryo, amatorero amwe yarakuze aba manini cyane. Mu matorero-dini yo muri Amerika, ayo ni yo afite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kuba yabwiriza abantu ubutumwa bwiza akanabahindura abigishwa, baramutse babaye mu matsinda mato bose (akenshi ntibayajyamo) bakayatorezwamo kuba abigishwa, kandi ubutumwa bwiza buramutse bubwirijwe butagoretswe (buragorekwa iteka iyo intego ari ukugira ngo hatagira ubabara kuko ubutumwa bwiza nyabwo bukomeretsa ubwibone bwa kamere muntu). Nibura ariko aya matorero agendera ku kwifuza kw’imitima y’abaje guterana yashyizeho ingamba zo kubwiriza abadakijijwe, icyo ni ikintu amatorero-dini menshi atagira.

Ariko se iyo mikorere yo gushaka kugendera ku marangamutima y’abantu ihurira he n’uburyo bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero?

Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, intumwa n’ababwirizabutumwa bahamagawe n’Imana babwirizaga ubutumwa mu materaniro y’abantu benshi no mu Ngo, ibitangaza n’ibimenyetso bikagendana na bo kandi bigakora ku mitima y’abatizera. Abihanaga bakizera Umwami Yesu bashishikariraga inyigisho z’intumwa, iteka bagateranira mu Ngo ari na ho bigiraga Ijambo ry’Imana, bakahitoreza gukoresha impano z’Umwuka, bakizihiza Ifunguro Ryera, bagasengera hamwe, n’ibindi, byose bigakorerwa munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’abakuru b’itorero/abashumba/abepisikopi. Abigisha n’abahanuzi bahamagawe n’Imana bazengurukaga amatorero. Buri mukristo wese yabwiraga incuti ze n’abaturanyi be ubutumwa bwiza.Nta nsengero zubakwaga ngo bidindize gukura kw’itorero kandi ngo bisahure umutungo w’ubwami bw’Imana wagakoreshejwe mu gukwiza ubutumwa bwiza no guhindura abantu abigishwa.Abakozi b’Imana batorezwaga vuba mu murimo nyirizina aho kubanza koherezwa mu maseminari n’amashuri ya Bibiliya. Ibi byose byatumaga itorero rikura cyane kandi mu gihe gito, kugeza ubwo abantu bose bafite imitima yiteguriye kwakira ubutumwa bwiza bo mu karere runaka bagereweho.

Tugereranije imikorere rero, ya yindi igendera ku bishimisha abantu ubusanzwe nta bimenyetso n’ibitangaza biyibamwo,bityo ikaba ibuzemo ubushobozi bw’Imana bukurura abantu kandi bukabemeza.Igendera cyane ku buryo busanzwe bwo kwamamaza no guhamagarira abantu kuza mu nzu runaka ngo baze bumve ubutumwa. Kuba intyoza n’ubuhanga mu kuvuga by’umuvugabutumwa n’ubushobozi bwe bwo kwemeza abantu ibyo ababwira ni bwo buryo bw’ibanze bukoreshwa.Bitandukanye cyane n’ibya Pawulo yandika ati, “N’ibyo navugaga nkabwiriza ntibyari amagambo y’ubwenge yo kwemeza abantu, ahubwo byari ibigaragaza Umwuka n’imbaraga, kugira ngo kwizera kwanyu kudahagararira ku bwenge bw’abantu, ahubwo mu mbaraga z’Imana” (1 Cor. 2:4-5).

Andi Matandukaniro

(More Differences)

Ayo madini akoresha ubwo buryo bugendera ku marangamutima y’abantu ntagira intumwa n’ababwirizabutumwa, kuko uw’ingenzi uba akenewe ni pastori. Ikibazo: Mbese kwambura intumwa n’abavugabutumwa umurimo wabo w’ivugabutumwa ukawuha abapastori ni bwo buryo bwo kugira ngo itorero rirusheho gukura cyane?[2]

Umupastori ugendera ku byo abantu bashaka abwiriza rimwe mu cyumweru mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru abakristo bagakangurirwa kuzana abadakijijwe. Ubwo rero, muri rusange twavuga ko ubutumwa bwiza bubwirizwa rimwe mu cyumweru bwumvwa n’abo abanyetorero bazanye. Abo bantu badakijijwe bagomba kuba bafite ubushake bwo kuza mu rusengero, kandi bagomba gutumirwa n’abanyetorero bafite ubushake bwo kubatumira kuza mu materaniro. Mu buryo bwa Bibiliya, intumwa n’abavugabutumwa bakomezaga kubwiriza muri rubanda no mu Ngo, kandi abizera bose babwiraga incuti zabo n’abaturanyi ubutumwa bwiza. Muri ubu buryo bwombi se, ni ubuhe butuma abantu badakijijwe bashobora kugerwaho cyane n’ubutumwa bwiza?

Uburyo bwita ku byo abantu bashaka bukenera ko habaho urusengero rwiza rugaragara ku buryo abakristo badaterwa ipfunwe no kurutumiramo incuti zabo zidakijijwe kandi izo ncuti zabo zidakijijwe na zo zikumva bitaziteye isoni kurugenderera. Ibi rero iteka bisaba kugira amafaranga ahagije. Mbere y’uko ubutumwa bwiza “bukwizwa,” hagomba kubanza kuboneka urusengero rugaragara. Muri Amerika urwo rusengero rugomba kuba ruri ahantu heza, akenshi hakaba ari ahantu hatuye abakire. Aho bitandukaniye, uburyo bwa Bibiliya ntibugombera urusengero cyangwa inyubako idasanzwe, ahantu hadasanzwe cyangwa ngo bisabe amafaranga. Gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bwiza ntibigarukira ku mubare w’abantu bashobora gukwira mu rusengero ku Cyumweru.

Na None Andi Matandukaniro

(Still More Differences)

Iyo umuntu agereranyije imikorere y’amatorero amwe muri ayo agendera ku bishimisha abantu n’imikorere ya Bibiliya, usanga ndetse hari n’andi matandukaniro menshi.

Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe, intumwa n’abavugabutumwa bahamagariraga abantu kwihana, bakizera Umwami Yesu kandi bagahera ko babatizwa. Abantu bamaze gukizwa bagombaga guhinduka abigishwa ba Kristo, bakuzuza ibyo Yesu asaba umuntu ushaka kuba umwigishwa, nk’uko byanditse muri Luka 14:26-33 na Yohana 8:31-32. Batangiraga gukunda Yesu bakamurutisha byose, bakagendera mu ijambo rye, bakikorera imisaraba yabo, kandi n’ibyo batunze byose bakabyegurira Imana, bagahinduka ibisonga by’Imana bumva neza ko ibyo batunze byose babicungiye Imana.

Ubutumwa bubwirizwa muri ya matorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu butandukanye n’ubwo. Abanyabyaha babwirwa ukuntu Imana ibakunda cyane, ukuntu ishobora gukemura ibibazo byabo, n’uburyo bashobora gukizwa “bizeye Yesu nk’Umukiza.” Iyo bamaze gusenga isengesho rigufi “ryo gukizwa,” batigeze banabwirwa iby’ikiguzi umuntu atanga ku kuba umwigishwa, akenshi bizezwa ko bakijijwe rwose maze bakabasaba ko bajya mu itsinda ry’inyigisho kugira ngo batangire gukura muri Kristo. Iyo bagiye muri iryo tsinda (abenshi ni abatongera gukandagira mu rusengero), bakurikira inyigisho zibanda ku kunguka ubumenyi ku by’imyizerere yihariye y’itorero aho kwigishwa kumvira amategeko ya Kristo. Umusōzo w’iyi gahunda y’inyigisho z’ “ubwigishwa” ni igihe umukristo ashyize agatangira gutanga mu itorero kimwe mu icumi cy’amafaranga yinjiza (cyane cyane ayo mafaranga akoreshwa mu kwishyura inguzanyo zo kubaka cyangwa kugura amazu ziba zarafashwe ndetse no guhemba abakozi b’itorero batagaragara muri Bibiliya, ibyo byose bikaba intandaro y’imicungire mibi y’umutungo, bagashyigikira ibitarashyizweho n’Imana ahubwo bakaburizamo uburenganzira bw’ibyo Imana yashakaga ko bishyigikirwa) maze bigatuma yibwira ko na we “yatangiye umurimo w’Imana” igihe atangiye kugira uruhare mu gushyigikira itorero-dini ridafite aho rivugwa na hamwe muri Bibiliya.

Byagenda bite leta y’igihugu cyawe, bitewe n’uko ihangayikishijwe n’ibura ry’abasore biyemeza kujya mu gisirikare ku bushake, ifashe icyemezo cyo gukoresha amareshya- mugeni ikagendera ku bishimisha abantu (“seeker-sensitive”)? Ibaze batangiye gusezeranira abantu bose babona ko bashobora kwinjira mu gisirikare, bakababwira ko nibinjira nta kintu na kimwe bazakora–mbese imishahara yabo izaba ari nk’impano biherewe ku buntu, batayikoreye batanayikwiriye. Bakababwira ko mu gitondo bazajya babyukira igihe bashakiye. Ko bazajya bakora imyitozo ya gisirikare igihe babishakiye, ariko ko igihe bumvise batabishaka bashobora no kwirebera televiziyo aho kujya muri iyo myitozo. Bakababwira kandi ko intambara iramutse iteye bashobora guhitamo niba bajya ku rugamba cyangwa niba bakwigira ku kiyaga (beach) kwoga no kwishimisha. Ingaruka zaba izihe?

Nta gushidikanya abantu bakwirunda mu gisirikare! Ariko igisirikare nticyaba kikiri igisirikare, nticyaba kikibereye inshingano zacyo. Kandi uko ni ko bijya bigendera amatorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu. Kumanura urwego rw’amahame agenga abakristo ukoroshya cyane ibintu, bikurura abantu benshi cyane baza guterana ku Cyumweru, nyamara bituma kuba umwigishwa no kumvira biyoyōka. Ayo matorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu agerageza “kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza” ku Cyumweru hanyuma akigisha inyigisho zo “kuba umwigishwa” mu materaniro yo mu mibyizi birayagora kubwira abantu muri ayo materaniro yo mu mibyizi ko abigishwa ba Yesu ari bo bonyine bazajya mu ijuru. Icyo gihe abantu bakumva ko babwiwe ibinyoma mu materaniro yo ku Cyumweru mu gitondo. Ni yo mpamvu rero amatorero nk’ayo biba ngombwa ko no mu materaniro yo mu mibyizi (hagati mu cyumweru) abeshya abantu, akavuga ko kuba umwigishwa no kumvira ari ibintu umuntu akora abishatse atabishaka akarorēra aho kuba ibyangombwa bisabwa abagenzi bajya mu ijuru.[3]

Nta gushidikanya ko nsbanukiwe neza ko amatorero-dini amwe akoresha uburyo bwa Bibiliya usanga ayandi adakoresha. Uko biri kose, biragaragara neza ko imikorere ya Bibiliya ari yo ifite imbaraga cyane mu guhindura abantu benshi abigishwa no gutoza abahindura abandi abigishwa.

Kuki muri iki gihe imikorere ya Bibiliya idakurikizwa? Impamvu abantu bitwaza ni nyinshi cyane, ariko iyo ushishoje neza, igituma uburyo bwa Bibiliya budakurikizwa ni imigenzo, kutizera no kutumvira. Benshi bavuga ko uburyo bwa Bibiliya budashobora gukoreshwa mu isi y’iki gihe. Ariko ukuri ni uko muri iki gihe uburyo bwa Bibiliya burimo burakurikizwa hirya no hino mu isi. Urugero,gukura kw’itorero gutangaje mu Bushinwa mu myaka mirongo itanu ishize, nta yindi mpamvu atari uko abakristo bakurikije gusa imikorere ya Bibiliya.Mbese Imana yo mu Bushinwa si yo y’ahandi?

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko abapastori bo mu bindi bihugu bagomba kuba maso bakitondera inyigisho zituruka mu itorero ry’Amerika zerekeranye n’uburyo bwo gukuza itorero zikwirakwizwa hirya no hino mu isi. Bakabaye bagera ku ntego kurushaho mu gusohoza umugambi wa Kristo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa baramutse bagendeye ku buryo bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero.

Inkurikizi/Ingaruka

(The Aftermath)

Icyo nabonye ni uko abenshi mu bashyigikiye inyigisho z’iki gihe ku gukura ku itorero ntaho bashobora guhurira n’abapastori bo ku rwego ruciriritse hirya no hino mu isi. Igice kinini cyane cy’abapastori gishumbye imikumbi itagera ku bantu ijana. Abenshi muri abo bapastori bacika intege nyuma yo kugerageza uburyo bw’ubuhanga bwo gukuza itorero bagasanga ntacyo bumaze cyangwa bukazana ingaruka mbi kandi ntako batagize ngo bubahirize ibisabwa byose.Nta n’umwe usa nk’aho ashaka kwemera ko hari ibintu byinshi abapastori badafite icyo bahinduraho bizitira gukura kw’amatorero yabo.Reka noneho turebe bimwe muri byo.

Icya mbere cy’ibanze, gukura kw’itorero bizitirwa n’umubare w’abaturage batuye agace itorero ririmo.Biragaragara cyane ko amatorero-dini manini cyane menshi abarizwa mu mijyi minini. Akenshi haba hari miliyoni z’abantu bashobora kubonamo abayoboke b’amatorero yabo.Nyamara niba umubare munini w’abantu, ari wo koko ugaragaza kugera ku ntego,noneho ubwo itorero ntiryapimirwa ku bunini bwaryo ahubwo ryapimirwa ku kureba niba ari abantu bangahe ku ijana by’abantu bose batuye ako gace. Muri ubwo buryo hari amatorero y’abantu icumi yageze ku ntego kurusha ay’abantu ibihumbi icumi. Itorero ry’abantu icumi mu mudugudu w’abantu mirongwitanu riba rikora neza ku buryo bugera ku ntego kurusha itorero ry’abantu ibihumbi icumi mu mujyi utuwe na miliyoni eshanu z’abantu. (Nyamara nta na rimwe abapastori bayobora amatorero y’abantu icumi bazigera bahabwa ijambo ngo bagire icyo bavuga mu nama yiga ku gukura kw’itorero.)

Inzitizi ya kabiri ku gukura kw’itorero

(A Second Limiting Factor to Church Growth)

Icya kabiri, gukura kw’itorero bizitirwa n’ukuntu abantu bafite imitima ikingukiye ubutumwa bwiza bamaze kugerwaho n’amatorero yose aba ari mu gace runaka.Mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose, mu gace runaka haba hari abantu bafite imitima ikingukiye ubutumwa bwiza. Iyo abo bose rero bamaze kugerwaho, nta torero riba rigikura, keretse gusa abakristo bagenda bava mu itorero rimwe bajya mu rindi (kandi uko ni ko amatorero menshi manini yagiye akura–atwara abakristo bo mu yandi matorero yo mu turere atuyemo).

Na none birumvikana ko buri mukristo wese hari igihe yigeze kuba adafite umutima wo kwakira ubutumwa bwiza, ariko igihe kikagera akagira umutima woroshye bitewe n’umurimo Umwuka Wera amukozemo. Bityo rero, birashoboka cyane ko abantu ubu bafite imitima yinangiye bazahinduka bakagira imitima yoroheye ubutumwa bwiza. Iyo bahindutse,amatorero ashobora gukura. Icyo kenshi dukunze kwita “ububyutse” kiba igihe ba bandi benshi batakiraga ubutumwa bwiza bagize batya mu kanya gato abagahinduka abantu bafite imitima yakira ubutumwa bwiza. Nyamara kandi ntidukwiye kwibagirwa ko n’umuntu umwe uhindutse akagira umutima wakira na byo ari ububyutse, gusa ku rwego rwo hasi.Buri bubyutse bukomeye butangirira ku muntu umwe uhinduka akagira umutima wakira ubutumwa bwiza.Nuko rero bapastori, ntimugasuzugure amatangiriro mato.

Yesu yohereje abigishwa be kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu mijyi yari azi ko ituyemo abantu bafite imitima itakira, aho nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga kwihana (reba Luka 9:5). Nyamara n’ubwo byari bimeze bityo, Yesu yarabohereje ngo bajye kubwirizayo ubutumwa bwiza.Mbese abo bigishwa nta cyo bagezeho? Oya, n’ubwo nta bantu bahindutse (nta no gukura kw’itorero) nyamara bageze ku ntego, kuko bumviye Yesu.

N’ubu kandi Yesu aracyatuma abapastori mu byaro, mu midugudu, no mu mijyi aho azi ko agace k’abantu gato gusa k’abahatuye ari ko gashobora kwakira ubutumwa bwiza. Abapastori baragirana umurava imikumbi yabo mitoya, mu maso y’Imana baba ari abantu bageze ku ntego,n’ubwo baba bagaragara nk’abananiwe mu maso y’abantu bamwe b’inzobere mu byo gukura kw’itorero.

Abapastori bose aho bari hose bakwiye gusubizwamo intege n’uko, ku bw’imbabazi nyinshi z’Imana, no ku bwo gusubiza amasengesho yo kwinginga kw’abantu bayo, ikora umurimo mu bantu bafite imitima yinangiye bakagira imitima yoroshye. Igerageza guhindura abadakijijwe ikoreye mu mitima-nama yabo, mu byaremwe byayo, mu mibereho y’ubuzima bagenda banyuramo, mu bihano itanga, mu buhamya bufatika bw’uburyo abakristo babayeho, mu butumwa bwiza bubwirizwa,no mu kwemeza imitima yabo mu mbaraga z’Umwuka Wera.Nuko rero, pastori komera.Komeza kumvira, gusenga no kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza.Iteka mbere y’uko haba ububyutse bukomeye habanza kubaho inzara nyinshi yabwo. Kandi igihe cyose haba hari umuntu ufite inzozi z’ububyutse.Komeza urote!

Inzitizi ya Gatatu Ku Gukura Kw’Itorero

(A Third Limiting Factor to Church Growth)

Icya gatatu kiba inzitizi ku gukura kw’amatorero ni ubushobozi bwa pastori. Abenshi mu bapastori ntibagira ubushobozi buhagije bwo gushumba itorero rinini, kandi ibyo si amakosa yabo. Bivuga gusa ko nta mpano bafite yo gushyira kuri gahunda no kuyobora cyangwa ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kubwiriza/kwigisha bikwiriye itorero rigari. Biragaragara neza ko abapastori nk’abo Imana iba itarabahamagariye kuyobora amatorero manini cyane, kandi baba bagomba gushumba amatorero aciriritse gusa cyangwa amatorero yo mu Ngo, atari ibyo baba bakoze amakosa.

Mperutse gusoma igitabo cyamamaye cyane kivuga ku buyobozi cyanditswe na pastori mukuru w’itorero rimwe mu manini cyane yo muri Amerika. Uko nakomezaga gusoma amapaji yujuje inararibonye ye mu nama agira abapastori b’iki gihe, igitekerezo cyakomezaga kunza mu mutwe cyari icyi: “Ntabwo arimo atubwira uko umuntu yaba umupastori–arimo aratubwira uko umuntu yaba umuyobozi mukuru wa sosiyete ikomeye.” Kandi nta yandi mahitamo umupastori w’itorero rutūra(mega-church) afite. Akeneye abakozi benshi bamufasha umurimo, kandi kuyobora abakozi bangana batyo ni umurimo ugusaba kuwiyegurira. Umwanditsi w’icyo gitabo nasomaga yari afite ubuhanga bwinshi nk’ubw’umuyobozi mukuru wa sosiyete ikomeye y’ubucuruzi. (Koko kandi mu gitabo cye kenshi yavugaga amagambo yavuzwe n’inzobere mu buyobozi bw’ibigo bikomeye by’ubucuruzi,inama batanga akaziha abapastori basoma icyo gitabo.) Ariko abenshi,ndetse niba atari hafi ya bose b’abasoma igitabo cye, nta buhanga n’ubushobozi mu kuyobora nk’ibye bafite.

Muri icyo gitabo nyine, umwanditsi yavugaga mu nkuru irambuye, uburyo mu kubaka itorero rye rinini cyane, incuro nyinshi yagiye akora amakosa akomeye cyane yashoboraga kumusenyera urugo cyangwa umurimo w’Imana akora.Ariko ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana arabirokoka.Nyamara ibyo yavugaga yaciyemo, byanyibutsaga abandi bapastori benshi b’amatorero -dini, mu kugerageza gukura ngo bagere kuri urwo rwego umwanditsi yariho, byatumye bakora amakosa nk’ayo yakoze, ariko bo ibintu bikabacikana.Bamwe kubera kwitangira amatorero yabo byatumye babura abana babo cyangwa ingo zabo zigasenyuka.Abandi bagiye bata umutwe cyangwa bakagira ihahamuka ritewe n’uko inshingano zabarenze. Abandi ibyo bari biringiye birabura maze barazinukwa amaherezo bava no mu murimo rwose. Abandi benshi bararusimbutse, ariko ni icyo gusa umuntu yabivugaho nta kindi. Bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwo kwiheba, bibaza niba icyo ari cyo gihembo cy’igitambo ndenga-kamere batanze.

Uko nasomaga icyo gitabo, byakomezaga gushimangira muri jye ubwenge itorer rya mbere ryakoresheje, aho utashoboraga gusanga ikintu na kimwe gisa n’amatorero-dini y’iki gihe, cyangwa umupastori uragiye umukumbi w’abantu barenga makumyabiri na batanu. Nk’uko nabivuze mu gice giheruka, abapastori benshi bibwira ko amatorero yabo ari mato cyane bari bakwiye kongera bagatekereza ku mirimo yabo bamurikiwe n’Ibyanditswe Byera.Niba bafite abantu mirongwitanu, mu by’ukuri amatorero yabo ahubwo yaba ari manini cyane bikabije. Niba harimo abayobozi bashoboye, baba bakwiye gusenga bakareba ukuntu barigabanyamo amatorero atatu yo mu rugo hanyuma bakagurisha urusengero,bagamije guhindura abantu abigishwa bakubaka ubwami bw’Imana mu buryo Imana ishaka.

Niba ibi byumvikana nk’ibikabije, nibura bakagombye gutangira gutoza abazaba abayobozi ejo, cyangwa bagatangira amatsinda mato, niba kandi basanzwe bafite amatsinda mato, amwe muri yo bayarekure bayahe umudendezo wo kuba amatorero yo mu rugo yigenga kugira ngo barebe uko bigenda.

Ubundi Buryo Bugezweho Bwo Gukura Kw’Itorero

(Other Modern Church-Growth Techniques)

Hari ubundi buryo bwamamaye muri iki gihe buvugwa ko ari ubwa ngombwa mu gukura kw’itorero hamwe na bwa bundi bwo kureba ibishimisha abantu. Ubwinshi muri ubwo buryo bundi bunyuranyije na Bibiliya ndetse bujya mu bwoko bw’ “intambara y’umwuka.” Iyo bamamaza ubwo buryo bakoresha imvugo ngo “gusenya ibihome,” “amasengesho y’urugamba”(warfare prayer) no “kumenya ikirere cy’aho uri” (spiritual mapping).

Imwe muri iyi mikorere turi buze kuyivugaho mu gice kindi kivuga ku ntambara y’umwuka.Muri macye, ariko na none, dushobora kwibaza igituma ubwo buryo butigeze bukoreshwa n’intumwa bwagirwa ubwa ngombwa cyane ku gukura kw’itorero muri iki gihe.

Ubwinshi mu buryo bwifashishwa mu gukura kw’itorero buturuka ku nararibonye y’abapastori bacye bavuga bati, “Nabigenje gutya na gutya,itorero ryanjye rirakura. Nuko rero nawe nukora uko nakoze,itorero ryawe nawe rizakura.” Nyamara ukuri ni uko, gukura kw’amatorero yabo ntaho byari bihuriye n’ibyo bintu bavuga ko bakoze, n’ubwo bo bibwiye ko ari cyo cyabiteye. Ibyo byagiye bigaragara kenshi ubwo abandi bapastori bakurikizaga izo nyigisho, bagakora neza neza ibyo abo bandi bakoze, ariko amatorero yabo aranga ntiyakura na gato.

Ushobora kumva umupastori uvuga ku gukura kw’itorero avuga ati, “Igihe twatangiye kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mujyi wacu,ububyutse bwahise buturika mu itorero ryacu. Nuko rero mutangire kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni niba mushaka ko ububyutse buza mu itorero ryanyu.”

Ariko se kubera iki hagiye haba ububyutse bukomeye bwinshi hirya no hino mu isi muri iyi myaka 2,000 ishize y’amateka y’itorero kandi hatabayeho kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mijyi?Ibyo byerekana ko, n’ubwo uwo mupastori yibwiye ko ububyutse bwazanywe no kuvugiriza abadayimoni induru, kwari ukwibeshya. Ahubwo ikigaragara ni uko, imitima y’abantu bo mu mujyi atuyemo yatangiye gukingukira ubutumwa bwiza, wenda ku bwo guhuriza hamwe amasengesho kw’itorero, noneho bigahurirana n’uko uwo mupastori yari aho abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza igihe imitima yabo yakingukaga. Akenshi cyane,gukura kw’itorero bituruka ku kuba ahantu hakwiye mu gihe gikwiye. ( Kandi Umwuka Wera adufasha kuba ahantu hakwiye no mu gihe gikwiye.)

Niba se kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mijyi byarazanye ububyutse mu itorero ry’umupastori runaka, kuki nyuma y’igihe kirekire, bwa bubyutse bwagabanutse ndetse bukaza gushira, nk’uko iteka bijya bigenda?Niba kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni ari ryo banga, noneho dukomeje tukabavugiriza induru, abatuye umujyi bose bahindukirira Kristo. Ariko si ko bose bamuhindukirira.

Ukuri kurigaragaza iyo dufashe akanya gato gusa ko kubitekerezaho. Uburyo bumwe gusa bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero ni ugusenga, kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, kwigisha, guhindura abantu abigishwa, gufashwa n’Umwuka Wera, n’ibindi. Kandi n’ubwo buryo bwa Bibiliya ntibutanga icyizere cyo gukura kw’itorero, kuko Imana yaremye abantu ikabaha umudendezo wo guhitamo gukora ikibi cyangwa icyiza. Bashobora guhitamo kwihana cyangwa kutihana.Umuntu yavuga ko na Yesu hari ubwo gukuza itorero atabishoboraga nk’ubwo yagendereraga imijyi imwe n’imwe ikanga kwihana.

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko tugomba gukoresha uburyo bwa Bibiliya gusa mu kubaka itorero. Ibindi byose ni uguta igihe. Ni imirimo y’ibiti, ibikenyeri, n’ibyatsi izakongorwa n’umuriro umunsi umwe kandi ikabura ingororano (reba 1 Kor. 3:12-15).

Kandi rero, intego ntikwiye kuba gukura kw’itorero mu bwinshi bw’abantu gusa, ahubwo ikwiye kuba guhindura abantu abigishwa, no guhimbaza Imana!

 

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[1] Aha hari ikindi kintu cyiza cyo gukoresha uburyo bw’itorero ryo mur rugo–abapastori ntibarwanira kugira amatorero manini bitewe n’impamvu mbi kuko itorero ridashobora gukura kurenza ubunini bw’inzu riteraniramo.

[2] Iyi ni yo mpamvu ahanini muri iki gihe usanga abavugabutumwa benshi, abigisha, abahanuzi ndetse n’intumwa ari bo bashumbye amatorero. Imihamagaro myinshi ugasanga ntiri mu mwanya wayo cyangwa ntinagire umwanya mu mikorere y’itorero-dini, bityo abakozi b’imana badafite umuhamagaro w’ubupastori ugasanga ni bo bashumbye amatorero, bakabuza itorero umugisha mwinshi bakabereye abizera benshi mu buryo burushijeho kwaguka bw’umubiri wa Kristo baramutse bakurikije imikorere ya Bibiliya. Birasa nk’aho buri wese yahisemo kwiyubakira ubwami bwe mu buryo bw’itorero-dini, atitaye ku muhamagaro we nyakuri. Bitewe n’uko abapastori ngo bāba bafite uburenganzira ku bya cumi “by’abantu babo” , kandi amenshi muri ayo mafaranga y’ibyacumi ajya ku nyubako, abakozi b’Imana badafite umuhamagaro w’ubushumba bahitamo gushumba amatorero kugira gusa ngo bibonere amafaranga bashobora gukoresha mu mirimo bahamagariwe koko.

[3] Wibuke ko ibyo Yesu yasabye ko umwigishwa we nyakuri agomba kuba yujuje muri Luka 14:26-33 bitabwirwaga abantu bamaze gukizwa, nk’aho ababwira indi ntambwe ya kabiri bagomba gutera mu rugendo rwabo rw’umwuka. Ahubwo yabwiraga ibihumbi by’abantu bose bmwumvaga. Guhinduka umwigishwa we ni yo ntambwe yonyine ya mbere Yesu yasabaga, kandi iyo ni yo ntambwe yo gukizwa. Ibi bitandukanye n’ibyigishwa mu matorero menshi agendera ku bikurura abantu.

Iyo abantu bacyumva bwa mbere iby’amatorero yo mu Ngo, bakunze kwibeshya bakumva ko itandukaniro hagati y’itorero ryo mu rugo n’itorero risanzwe rimenyerewe rishingiye gusa ku mubare w’abayoboke bayo n’ubushobozi butandukanye bwo gukora “umurimo w’Imana” bishingiye ku mubare w’abayoboke. Abantu rero rimwe na rimwe bakarangiza bafashe umwanzuro wo kuvuga ko itorero ryo mu rugo ridashobora gushyikira amatorero yo mu nsengero mu gukora umurimo w’Imana. Ariko iyo umuntu asobanuye ko “umurimo w’Imana” ari uguhindura abantu abigishwa, ukabafasha gusa na Kristo kandi ukabatoza ukabaha ubushobozi bwo gukora umurimo, noneho ni ho ubona ko ayo matorero yo mu nsengero atari yo yagufasha kugera kuri iyo ntego, ahubwo nk’uko nabivuze mu gice giheruka, afite inzitizi. Birumvikana ko amatorero yo mu rugo atanganya n’amatorero yo mu nsengero ubwinshi bw’ibikorwa binyuranye, ariko agira akarusho mu gukora umurimo w’Imana mu buryo nyabwo.

Abantu bamwe ntibemera ko amatorero yo mu rugo ari yo matorero nyakuri, ngo kuko gusa atagira urusengero. Iyo abantu nk’abo baza kubaho muri ya myaka magana atatu ya mbere y’itorero, baba baravuze ko nta torero na rimwe mu isi ririho nyakuri. Ikiriho kizima ni uko Yesu yavuze ati, “Kuko aho babiri cyangwa batatu bateraniye mu izina ryanjye, nanjye mba ndi hagati yabo” (Mat. 18:20).Yesu ntacyo yavuze ku byerekeye aho abizera bagomba kuzajya bateranira. Kandi n’ubwo haba hari abizera babiri gusa bateranye mu izina rye, yasezeranye ko azajya aba ari kumwe na bo. Ibyo abigishwa ba Kristo bakora kenshi iyo bagiye gusangira ibyokurya muri “resitora”( restaurant), kandi baganira ku ijambo ry’Imana, bigishanya banahugurana, mu by’ukuri ni byo bisa cyane n’ibyakorwaga mu materaniro y’itorero ryo mu Isezerano Rishya kurusha ibikunze gukorwa ku cyumweru mu gitondo mu nsengero.

Mu gice giherutse navuze ibyiza bitandukanye amatorero yo mu rugo arusha amatorero yo mu nsengero.Nifuzaga gutangira iki gice mvuga izindi mpamvu zituma itorero ryo mu rugo ari bwo buryo bwemewe bwa Bibiliya bushobora kugira imbaraga cyane mu kugera ku ntego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Ariko reka mbanze ntangaze ku mugaragaro ko intego yanjye atari ukurwanya amatorero yo mu nsengero cyangwa abapastori bayayoboye. Hari abapastori benshi cyane muri ayo matorero yo mu nsengero bubaha Imana kandi bafite umutima utaryarya bakora uko bashoboye kose muri iyo miterere y’amatorero yabo ngo banezeze Uwiteka. Buri mwaka mpugura ibihumbi by’abapastori bo muri ayo matorero, kandi ndabakunda cyane ndanabashimira cyane. Ni bamwe mu bantu beza cyane bo muri iyi si. Kandi ni ku bw’uko nsobanukiwe cyane uburyo imirimo bakora ivunanye cyane nifuza kubagezaho ubundi buryo bwatuma bahura n’ibibazo bike kandi bakarushaho kugira umusaruro n’ibyishimo icyarimwe. Itorero ryo mu rugo/mu nzu ni bwo buryo bwa Bibiliya kandi ni ryo rifasha cyane mu kugera ku ntego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa no kwagura ubwami bw’Imana. Sinshidikanya cyane ko abenshi cyane mu bapastori b’amatorero yo mu nsengero barushaho kugira ibyishimo, bakarushaho kugira umusaruro no kugera ku muhamagaro wabo, bakoreye mu itorero ryo mu rugo.

Nabaye pastori w’itorero ryo mu rusengero imyaka irenga makumyabiri kandi nakoraga uko nshoboye kugira ngo nkore neza umurimo wanjye nkurikije ibyo narinzi icyo gihe. Ariko nyuma y’amezi atari macye nsura amatorero atandukanye mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru mu gitondo, ni ho natangiye gusobanukirwa uko bimeze kujya mu rusengero gusenga uri “umukristo usanzwe gusa.” Cyambereye ikintu kimfunguye amaso, ni bwo natangiye gusobanukirwa impamvu abantu benshi batishimira cyane kujya guterana. Kimwe n’abandi bantu bose uretse pastori, nicaraga ntuje mu kinyabupfura ngategereza ko amateraniro arangira. Iyo yarangiraga noneho ni ho nibura nashoboraga gushyikirana n’abandi nkumva ko nanjye hari icyo ndimo nkora aho kwicara gusa nkaba indorerezi yabihiwe n’ibyo ireba. Icyo ni kimwe mu bintu byinshi byatumye ntangira gutekereza ubundi buryo bwaruta ubwo; nuko ntangira ubushakashatsi ku buryo bw’itorero ryo mu rugo. Natangajwe no kumenya ko hari miliyoni nyinshi z’amatorero yo mu rugo hirya no hino mu isi, nuko nsobanukirwa ko amatorero yo mu rugo afite ibyiza byinshi arusha amatorero yo mu nsengero.

Abenshi mu basoma iki gitabo si abayoboye amatorero yo mu rugo, ni amatorero yo mu nsengero. Ndabizi ko ibyinshi mu byo nanditse bishobora kubanza kubagora kubyakira kuko bibanza gusa nk’aho ari ugukabya kuba intagondwa. Ariko ndasaba yuko bafata igihe cyo gutekereza ku byo mvuga, kandi simvuga ngo bahite babyemera byose. Nanditse ku bw’abapastori, mbitewe n’urukundo mbafitiye bo n’amatorero yabo.

Ubwoko Bumwe Gusa bw’Itorero muri Bibiliya

(The Only Kind of Church in the Bible)

Mbere na mbere, rugikubita, mbanze mvuge ko amatorero ateranira mu nsengero zabugenewe atazwi mu Isezerano Rishya, mu gihe amatorero yo mu nzu ari yo yari amenyerewe mu itorero rya mbere:

Akibitekereza atyo asohora kwa Mariya nyina wa Yohana wahimbwe Mariko, aho abantu benshi bari bateraniye basenga (Ibyak 12:12).

…yuko ari nta jambo ribafitiye akamaro nikenze kubabwira, cyangwa kubigishiriza imbere ya rubanda [ariko birumvikana ko atari mu nsengero] no mu ngo zanyu rumwe rumwe…(Ibyak. 20:20)

Muntahirize Purisikila na Akwila….Muntahirize itorero ryo mu rugo rwabo (Rom. 16:3-5; reba n’Abaroma 16:14-15 ahavugwa andi ashobora kuba yari amatorero yo mu rugo i Roma).

Abo mu matorero yo muri Asiya barabatashya.Akwila na Purisikila barabatashya cyane mu Mwami wacu, n’itorero ryo mu rugo rwabo (1 Kor. 16:19).

Muntahirize bene Data b’i Lawodikiya na Numfa n’itorero ryo mu nzu ye (Kolo 4:15).

Na Afiya mushiki wacu, na Arukipo umusirikare mugenzi wacu n’itorero ryo mu rugo rwawe… (File 1:2).

Byagiye bivugwa ko impamvu yatumye ab’itorero rya mbere batubaka insengero ari uko itorero ari ho ryari rigitangira rikiri mu bwana bwaryo. Ariko ubwo bwana bwarakomeje bumara imyaka mirongo nk’uko bigaragara mu mateka y’Isezerano Rishya (ndetse na nyuma y’itorero rya mbere byakomeje nta nsengero kumara igihe kirenga imyaka magana abiri). Noneho rero niba kubaka insengero ari ikimenyetso cyo gukura kw’itorero, itorero ry’intumwa dusoma mu gitabo cy’ibyakozwe n’intumwa ntiryigeze rikura na gato.

Jye ndavuga ko impamvu yatumye nta n’umwe mu ntumwa wigeze yubaka urusengero ari uko ikintu nk’icyo cyari kugaragara nk’ikinyuranyije n’ubushake bw’Imana, kuko Yesu atigeze atanga urwo rugero ngo agire urusengero yubaka cyangwa ngo asige atanze amabwiriza yo kubaka. Yahinduye abantu abigishwa nta nzu idasanzwe yabugenewe akoresheje, hanyuma abwira abigishwa be kugenda na bo bagahindura abantu abigishwa. Babonaga nta nyubako idasanzwe ikenewe muri uwo murimo.Ni ibyo nta kindi . Igihe Yesu yabwiraga abigishwa be ngo bajye mu mahanga yose bahindure abantu abigishwa, ntabwo bibwiye bati, “Icyo Yesu ashaka ko dukora ni ukubaka insengero maze tukajya twigishirizamo rimwe mu cyumweru inyigisho twateguye neza.”

Kandi rero, kubaka inyubako zidasanzwe byari gushobora no kugaragara nko kwica itegeko rya Kristo yatanze ryo kutibikira ubutunzi mu isi, wangiza amafaranga ku kintu kitari ngombwa na gato, usahura umutungo w’ubwami bw’Imana wagakoreshejwe mu murimo wo guhindura ubuzima bw’abantu.

Gukoresha Umutungo Neza Mu Buryo Bwa Bibiliya

(Biblical Stewardship)

Ibi biratugeza ku kindi cyiza cya kabiri amatorero yo mu ngo arusha ayo mu nsengero: Itorero ryo mu rugo riteza imbere cyane gukiranuka mu buryo bwo gukoresha ibyo Imana yaduhaye, kandi icyo ni ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane ku mwigishwa.[1] Nta mafaranga atagaguzwa mu kubaka insengero, kugura, gukodesha, gusana, kwagura, kuvugurura, gushyiramo ibyuma bizanamo amafu igihe hashyushye cyangwa hagasusuruka mu gihe cy’ubukonje.Noneho ahubwo amafaranga yagatawe kuri ibyo by’inyubako, ashobora gukoreshwa mu kugaburira no kwambika abakene, kujyana ubutumwa bwiza hirya no hino, no guhindura abantu abigishwa, nk’uko tubona byagendaga mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa. Tekereza ibyiza byinshi biba byarakozwe mu bwami bw’Imana iyo miliyari z’amadolari zishyirwa mu kubaka insengero ziba zarakoreshejwe mu kugeza ubutumwa bwiza hirya no hino no gufasha abakene!Birenze ubwenge.

Byongeye kandi, itorero ryo mu rugo rifite abantu batarenga makumyabiri rishobora kuyoborwa n’umukuru w’itorero/umupasitori/umwepisikopi “wibohera amahema” (ni ukuvuga “udasaba ko itorero rimuha umushahara”), kandi icyo ni ikintu gishoboka cyane iyo muri iryo torero ryo mu rugo harimo abantu bakuze mu mwuka.Amatorero nk’ayo nta mafaranga aba akeneye ngo akore umurimo.

Yego ni byo koko Bibiliya isa nk’iyerekana ko abakuru b’itorero/abapasitori/abepisikopi bakwiye guhembwa imishahara ihwanye n’umurimo bakora, kugira ngo abiyeguriye umurimo burundu batungwe na wo (reba 1 Tim. 5:17-18).Abantu icumi mu itorero ryo mu rugo bakorera amafaranga bagatanga icyacumi cyabo bashobora gushyigikira umupastori akagira imibereho imwe nk’iyabo.Abantu batanu batanga icyacumi cyabo neza mu itorero ryo mu rugo bashobora gutuma pastori abohoka kimwe cya kabiri cy’iminsi y’icyumweru akaba yagiharira umurimo w’Imana.

Dukurikiye ubu buryo bw’itorero ryo mu rugo, amafaranga yari gukoreshwa ku nsengero yashyigikira abapastori; bityo rero abapasitori bo mu nsengero ntibakwiye kumva ko kugwira kw’amatorero yo mu rugo ari ikintu kije kubangamira umurimo wabo. Ahubwo bikwiye kubereka ko hari abandi bantu benshi, abagabo n’abagore, Imana yashyize mu mitima inyota yo gukora umurimo wayo.[2] Kandi ibyo byafasha mu kugera ku ntego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Ikindi kandi,itorero ryo mu rugo rifite abantu bagera kuri makumyabiri bafite imishahara, rishobora gukoresha kimwe cya kabiri cy’amafaranga ryinjiza mu kujyana ubutumwa hirya no hino no gufasha abakene.[3]

Itorero ryo mu rusengero riramutse rihindutse urunana rw’amatorero yo mu ngo, abantu babura akazi kabo kabahembaga, ni abakozi bo mu biro by’ubuyobozi bw’itorero n’abakozi bakora mu mishinga y’itorero, wenda n’abandi bakozi bamwe bafite imirimo yihariye (urugero nk’abashinzwe urubyiruko n’abana mu matorero manini cyane) batakwemera kureka imirimo yabo ifite ishingiro rito cyane ukurikije Bibiliya ngo bayigurane imirimo ifite urufatiro muri Bibiliya. Amatorero yo mu rugo ntakeneye abapasitori b’urubyiruko n’ab’abana kuko muri Bibiliya iyo ni inshingano y’ababyeyi, kandi muri rusange abantu bo mu matorero yo mu ngo bihatira cyane kugendera kuri Bibiliya aho kugendera ku mahame y’ubukristo bushingiye ku mico karande y’ibihugu. Urubyiruko rw’abakristo rudafite ababyeyi b’abakristo rushobora gushyirwa mu matorero yo mu rugo nk’uko n’ubundi ruba mu matorero yo mu nsengero maze rugatozwa kuba abigishwa.Mbese hari ujya yibaza igituma nta “pastori w’urubyiruko” cyangwa “pastori w’abana” ushobora gusanga avugwa mu Isezerano Rishya?Bene iyo mirimo ntayabagaho mu itorero kumara igihe cy’imyaka 1900 kuva ubukristo butangiye. Kuki se haje kwaduka ko biba ibintu bya ngombwa, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikize by’i Bulayi n’Amerika?[4]

Ikindi twavuga cya nyuma, by’umwihariko mu bihugu bikennye, abapasitori ntibibashobokera gukodesha cyangwa kugura inyubako z’insengero badafashijwe n’abakristo bo mu Bulayi n’Amerika. Ingaruka mbi zituruka kuri uko guhora bahanze amaso abo babafasha ni nyinshi. Ariko ikigaragara ni uko icyo kitigeze kiba ikibazo cy’itorero rya Kristo kumara imyaka 300. Niba uri umupastori mu gihugu kiri mu nzira y’amajyambere itorero ryawe rikaba ridafite ubushobozi bwo kwiyubakira urusengero, ntukeneye kujya uryoshyaryoshya abashyitsi b’Abanyamerika babagendereye wibwira ko uguye kuri zahabu.Imana yamaze gukemura ikibazo cyawe kera.Mu by’ukuri ntukeneye urusengero kugira ngo ugere neza ku ntego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Kurikiza urugero rwa Bibiliya.

Iherezo ryo gucikagurikamo ibice kw’imiryango

(The End of Fragmented Families)

Ikindi cyiza cy’amatorero yo mu rugo ni iki: agira akarusho mu gutoza abana, abangavu n’ingimbi kuba abigishwa. Bumwe mu buyobe bukomeye cyane buri mu matorero-dini muri iki gihe (cyane cyane amanini cyane muri Amerika) ni inyigisho n’ibindi bintu byiza cyane bikorerwa abana n’urubyiruko. Nyamara bahisha ko abana benshi muri abo bamaze imyaka binezeza mu mikino n’utundi tubashimisha ku rusengero mu nyigisho z’urubyiruko batigera bagaruka mu rusengero iyo bamaze “kuva mu cyari” (Wabaza imibare uko ingana pastori w’urubyiruko uwo ari we wese yakubwira- barabizi.)

Byongeye kandi amatorero afite abapastori b’abana n’ab’urubyiruko akomeza gushyigikira ubuyobe bwo kubeshya ababyeyi ko badashoboye gutoza abana babo mu by’umwuka cyangwa ko atari inshingano zabo.Bakongera bati, “Tuzita ku burere bw’abana banyu mu by’umwuka.Ni twe nzobere zabitorejwe.” Iyo mikorere iba intandaro yo kugwa kuko ituma umuntu agenda ata umurongo uko bukeye uko bwije.Bitangirira ku babyeyi bagenda bashakisha amatorero abana babo bakwishimira.Mu modoka batashye umwana w’ingimbi Johnny yabwira ababyeyi be ko yishimye ku rusengero, bakanezerwa cyane, kuko bitiranya kwishimira iryo torero kwa Johnny no kunguka iby’umwuka.Akenshi baba bibeshya cyane.

Abapastori bagamije gukomera bakaba ibirangirire bashaka ko amatorero yabo akura akaba manini, nuko rero usanga kenshi abapastori b’urubyiruko n’ab’abana bibaye ngombwa ko bava mu nama zihuje abakozi b’Imana bakihuta bababajwe no kujya guhanga gahunda “nyayo” abana bakwishimira. (“Nyayo” ni ukuvuga mu bijyanye no “gushimisha abana” kandi “nyayo” ntabisobanuye “kugeza abana ku kwihana, kwizera Yesu no gukurikiza amategeko ye.”) Abana bapfa kwishimira gahunda gusa, ubwo ababyeyi b’abemeragato bakomeza kujya baza (bazanye n’amafaranga yabo),nuko itorero rigakura.

Kugera ku ntego mu matsinda y’urubyiruko bipimirwa ku mubare w’abitabiriye.Abapastori b’urubyiruko bakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo urubyiruko rwitabire ku bwinshi, kandi akenshi ibyo biba bisobanuye kwemera koroshya bakavangamo ibintu by’umubiri.Ni akaga iyo pastori w’urubyiruko wigorewe, agiye kumva akumva ngo hari ababyeyi bamurega kuri pastori mukuru ko abana babo binubira ko ubutumwa babwirwa mu nyigisho z’urubyiruko budashyushye cyangwa bubacira urubanza.

Nyamara se mbega ukuntu byaba ari iby’umugisha ku mubiri wa Kristo abo bapastori b’urubyiruko baramutse bahindutse abayobozi b’amatorero yo mu Ngo.Ubusanzwe baba baramaze kugira ubuhanga mu gusabana n’abantu, baba kandi bafite ishyaka rya gisore batabuze n’imbaraga. Abenshi muri bo baba abapastori b’urubyiruko gusa bitewe n’uko ari yo ntambwe ya mbere isabwa kugira ngo buhoro buhoro bazagere ku bushobozi ndenga kamere busabwa kugira ngo bazashobore kurokoka akaga ko kuba pastori mukuru. Abenshi baba bafite ubushobozi burenze ubwo kuyobora itorero ryo mu rugo gusa.Ibyo bakora mu matsinda yabo y’urubyiruko bijya gusa cyane n’ibikorwa mu itorero uko Bibiliya ibivuga kurusha ibyagiye bikomeza gukorerwa mu matorero.Ibi twabivuga no ku bapastori b’abana, baba barasize inyuma cyane abapastori bakuru benshi mu gushobora gufasha mu matorero yo mu Ngo aho usanga bose, n’abana, bicaye bakoze uruziga mu itsinda rito, bose bakagira uruhare mu birimo birakorwa ndetse bakishimira hamwe basangira n’ibyokurya.

Ubusanzwe abana n’abageze mu kigere cyo kuba ingimbi cyangwa abangavu batozwa kuba abigishwa neza kurushaho iyo bikorewe mu matorero yo mu Ngo bakaba mu buzima nyabwo bwa gikristo bakagira n’uruhare muri byo, bakabaza ibibazo, kandi bagasabana n’abantu bakuru, nk’umuryango w’abakristo. Mu matorero -dini bahora bari mu birori “binezeza” bakiga gato cyane niba hari n’ako biga mu byerekeranye n’uko abantu basabana bakabana nyakubana, ahubwo kenshi bagakangurirwa kumenya uburyarya bubi bubaho, maze nk’uko bigenda no mu yandi mashuri, bakiga gusa ukuntu bashobora kwitwara kuri bagenzi babo.

Ariko se amateraniro ahuriwemo n’abantu b’ibyiciro by’imyaka bitandukanye, bigenda bite ku mpinja zirira cyangwa abana bakubagana?

Bakagombye iteka kwishimirwa,kandi hakagira uko bafatwa igihe baba bateje ibibazo. Urugero,bashyirwa nko mu kindi cyumba bakabaha impapuro n’amakaramu yo gushushanya bakishushanyiriza.Mu itorero ryo mu rugo, impinja n’abana si umutwaro umuntu yitura ngo awukoreze rubanda nk’uko bigenda mu mashuri y’incuke. Ahubwo baba bakunzwe na buri wese muri uwo muryango. Umwana urize mu itorero -dini aba abangamiye gahunda z’amateraniro kandi ababyeyi na bo bakabura amahoro kuko amaso yose aba abakanuriye abereka ko ibyo bitemewe. Umwana urize mu itorero ryo mu rugo aba akikijwe n’abantu bo mu muryango we, kandi nta n’umwe bibangamira kuko biba ari nko kubibutsa ko hari impano nto yaturutse ku Mana iri hagati yabo, umuntu bose bafashe mu biganza bamuterura bamwishimira yavutse.

Ababyeyi bafite abana baruhanya cyane bashobora kwigishanywa ubugwaneza, abandi babyeyi bakababwira uko bakwiriye kubyifatamo.Kandi na none abakristo babana mu buryo bwiza cyane, buri wese yitaye kuri mugenzi we.Ntabwo bavuga abandi amazimwe, umwe asebya mugenzi we nk’uko bikunze kuba mu matorero-dini.Baba baziranye kandi bakundana.

Abashumba/abapastori bishimye

(Happy Pastors)

Jye nk’umuntu washumbye amatorero imyaka makumyabiri, nkigisha ibihumbi by’abapastori hirya no hino mu isi, nkagira n’abapastori benshi b’incuti zanjye bwite, ndumva navuga ko hari icyo nzi ku byerekeranye n’imvune zo gushumba itorero ry’iki gihe. Nka buri mupastori wese w’itorero-dini, nanjye nanyuze mu bihe “by’umwijima” by’umurimo w’ubushumba.Hari n’ubwo umwijima uba mwinshi cyane.Mu by’ukuri dukoresheje ijambo “injyanamuntu” ni ryo ryabisobanura neza.

Ibyo abapastori bahura na byo bibatera imiruho ishobora no gusenya ubusabane bwo mu miryango yabo. Abapastori bananirwa biturutse ku mpamvu nyinshi.Bagomba kuba abanyapolitiki, abacamanza, abakoresha,abafasha abantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe, abahuzabikorwa, abapatana inyubako z’amazu, abajyanama mu by’urushako, intyoza mu kuvugira mu ruhame, abayobozi b’ibigo by’ubucuruzi, abantu basoma mu bitekerezo by’abantu kandi bakaba n’abategetsi. Akenshi bisanga mu marushanwa ateye ubwoba n’abandi bapastori barwanira kurushanya umubare munini w’abayoboke mu mubiri wa Kristo. Bagira akanya gato cyane k’ubuzima bwabo bw’umwuka.Abenshi bumva baraguye mu mutego w’umuhamagaro wabo kandi bagahembwa agashahara gato. Abakristo babo ni bo bakiriya babo bakaba ari na bo bakoresha babo. Rimwe na rimwe abo bakoresha bakaba n’abakiriya bashobora gutuma ubuzima bubiha cyane.

Tugereranyije abo bapastori bombi,uwo mu itorero ryo mu rugo biramworoheye cyane. Icya mbere,iyo abayeho ubuzima bw’intangarugero bw’umwigishwa nyakuri kandi akigisha mu buryo butavanze kumvira amategeko ya Yesu, hazaboneka ihene nkeya cyane zishaka kuba mu itsinda ayoboye. Mu by’ukuri icyo cyo guteranira mu rugo ubwacyo gishobora kuba gihagije gukumirira kure ihene nyinshi.Ubwo rero mu mukumbi aragiye inyinshi zizaba ari intama.

Icya kabiri, ashobora gukunda no kwigisha neza intama ze zose buri muntu ku buryo bw’umwihariko, kuko aba afite abantu hagati ya cumi na babiri na makumyabiri gusa ayoboye. Ashobora kunezererwa ubusabane nyabwo na bo, kuko aba ameze nk’umubyeyi mu muryango. Ashobora kubabonera umwanya wose bakeneye.Ndibuka nkiri umupastori w’idini, kenshi numvaga ndi jyenyine.Sinashoboraga kugira umuntu n’umwe mu itorero ryanjye niyegereza cyane nk’incuti, kugira ngo abandi batanyijundika ngo bo sinabashyize mu gatsiko k’incuti zanjye za hafi cyane cyangwa bakaba bagirira ishyari abo b’incuti zanjye banyegereye cyane.Numvaga nifuza ubusabane nyabwo n’abandi bizera, ariko nirindaga kwishyira mu kaga ibyo byo kugira incuti nyazo byankururira.

Muri ubwo busabane bwo kwegerana cyane nk’umuryango by’itorero ryo mu rugo, abakristo bafasha pastori gukomeza kugendera mu mucyo, kuko aba ari icuti yabo ibegereye, atari nk’umukinnyi wa sinema cyangwa ikinamico barebera hariya imbere gusa batamugeraho.

Umushumba w’itorero ryo mu rugo ashobora gufata igihe gihagije cyo gutoza abayobozi b’andi matorero yo mu rugo azavuka nyuma, ubwo rero iyo igihe cyo kwaguka kigeze, abayobozi baba bahari biteguye. Ntabwo ahagarara aho ngo arebēre uko abantu be bafite ubushobozi bwo kuzavamo abayobozi bakomeye bamukurwaho bakavana impano zabo mu itorero bakazijyana mu ishuri rya Bibiliya runaka ahandi hantu.

Ashobora kandi no kubona umwanya wo guhagurutsa undi murimo w’Imana hanze y’itorero rye. Wenda ashobora gukora umurimo mu magereza, mu mazu abageze mu zabukuru bacumbikirwamo,cyangwa akajya mu ivugabutumwa ry’umuntu ku muntu mu mpunzi n’abacuruzi cyangwa abandi bikorera ku giti cyabo. Bitewe n’inararibonye afite, ashobora no gufata umwanya wo gutangiza andi matorero yo mu Ngo, cyangwa agatoza abapastori bato b’amatorero yo mu Ngo bakuriye munsi y’ubuyobozi bwe.

Nta mpagarara agira zo kuba umuntu ujya kwerekana ibirori ku cyumweru mu gitondo. Nta na rimwe akenera gutegura ku wa gatandatu ninjoro ikibwirizwa cy’ingingo eshatu, yibaza ukuntu yashobora kugera ku nyota ya buri muntu mu bantu benshi bateraniye aho kandi bari mu byiciro bitandukanye by’ubukure bwo mu mwuka.[5] Ahubwo ashobora kunezererwa kureba uko Umwuka Wera akoresha buri wese mu iteraniro akabakangurira gukoresha impano zabo. Ashobora no kutaboneka mu materaniro kandi ibintu byose bikagenda neza n’ubwo adahari.

Nta nyubako y’urusengero afite imurangaza kandi nta n’abakozi agomba kuyobora bahari.

Nta mpamvu afite zo kurushanwa n’abandi bapastori.

Nta “komite y’itorero” ihari yo kumutera ibibazo ari nayo ntandaro y’amatiku amenyerewe.

Muri macye, ashobora kuba icyo Imana yamuhamagariye kuba cyo, atari ibintu yashyizweho n’imihango y’ubukristo bw’idini. Ntabwo ari umukinnyi wa sinema barebēra, si perezida w’ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi, cyangwa ngo abe ari we uba inkingi ya mwamba. Oya, ni uhindura abantu abigishwa, ni umutoza w’abēra.

Intama zihiriwe

(Happy Sheep)

Ikintu cyose kijyanye n’amatorero yo mu Ngo nyakuri Bibiliya ihamya, ni cyo abizera nyakuri bifuza kandi ni cyo banezererwa.

Abizera nyakuri bifuza ubusabane nyabwo n’abandi bizera, kuko urukundo rw’Imana rwasutswe mu mitima yabo. Bene ubwo busabane buboneka mu matorero yo mu Ngo. Ni cyo Bibiliya yita ubusabane, gusangira nyabyo ubuzima bwawe na bene So. Amatorero yo mu Ngo atuma habaho urubuga abizera bashobora gukoreramo ibyo abizera bashinzwe gukora byose, ari byo dukunze gusanga henshi mu Isezerano Rishya ngo “mugirirane gutya na gutya”. Mu miterere y’itorero ryo mu rugo, abizera bashobora guhugurana, guterana imbaraga, gukomezanya, guhumurizanya, kwigishana, gukorerana, no gusengerana. Bashobora guterana ishyaka ryo gukunda no gukora imirimo myiza, kwaturirana ibyaha, kwikorerana imitwaro, kandi bagahugurana muri zaburi, mu ndirimbo n’ibihimbano by’umwuka. Bashobora kurirana n’abarira kandi bakishimana n’abishima. Ibyo ntibikunze kuboneka mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru mu matorero- dini aho abizera baba bicaye barebēra gusa. Nk’uko umwe mu bakristo basengera mu itorero ryo mu rugo yabimbwiye ati, “Iyo umuntu umwe muri twe arwaye, sinjyana ibyo kurya kwa rubanda ntazi ngo ni uko niyandikishije mu ‘itsinda ry’abatanga ibiryo.’ Oya ahubwo nshyira ifunguro umuntu nzi kandi nkunda.”

Abakristo nyabo bishimira gusabana n’abandi no gufatanya na bo. Kwicara gusa bagatega amatwi inyigisho zikonje cyangwa zitagize n’icyo zibungura umwaka ugashira undi ugataha ni igitutsi ku bwenge bwabo no ku gusenga Imana kwabo. Ahubwo bishimira kuba babona amahirwe yo kubwira abandi uko bahishurirwa kumenya Imana n’Ijambo ryayo, kandi amatorero yo mu rugo atanga ayo mahirwe. Ukurikije uburyo bwa Bibiliya bitari ugukurikiza uburyo bw’imigenzo y’abantu, buri muntu aba afite “zaburi, ijambo ryo kwigisha, ijambo ryo guhishurirwa, ururimi rutamenyekana, cyangwa kurusobanura” (1 Kor. 14:26). Mu matorero yo mu Ngo, nta n’umwe uzimirira mu kivunge cy’abantu benshi cyangwa ngo ahēzwe n’agatsiko k’abantu bacye mu itorero biharira imirimo.

Abizera nyakuri bifuza cyane gukoreshwa n’Imana mu murimo wayo. Mu itorero ryo mu rugo, buri wese aba afite amahirwe yo gukorera Imana akabera abandi umugisha, kandi bose basangira inshingano, kugira ngo hatagira uryamirwa akicishwa akazi nk’uko bikunze kuboneka ku bakristo b’abanyamurava mu matorero -dini. Nibura buri wese ashobora kuzana umugabane w’ibyo kurya bari buze gusangirira hamwe, ari byo ibyanditswe byita “isangira ryo gukundana” (Yuda 1:12). Mu matorero menshi y mu Ngo, iryo funguro rikurikiza urugero rwo kuva mu ntangiriro rw’Ifunguro Ryera/Ameza y’Umwami, kandi mu by’ukuri iryo ryari ifunguro nyaryo rya Pasika. Ifunguro Ryera ntabwo ari nk’uko akana k’agahungu ko mu itorero nashumbaga kigeze kurivuga ngo, “agace k’umugati kēra k’Imana.” Ibintu by’akamanyu k’umugati n’agatobe (juice) kangana urwara umuntu amira mu masegonda hagati y’abantu atazi, ntaho bihuriye na Bibiliya n’amatorero yo mu Ngo. Intego y’uwo muhango wera w’Imana wo gusangira ishimangirwa mu buryo bwinshi igihe abigishwa bakundana basangira ibyo kurya.

Mu itorero ryo mu rugo, kuramya Imana ni ibintu bikorwa mu buryo bworoshye, bivuye ku mutima kandi buri wese abirimo; ntabwo ari ibyo kwerekana ubuhanga bw’abantu bitoje cyane.Abizera nyakuri bakunda cyane kuramya Imana mu mwuka no mu kuri.

Gusuzuma inyigisho no kwihanganira imyumvire itandukanye

(Doctrinal Balance and Toleration)

Mu mahuriro y’umwiherero n’amateraniro asanzwe y’amatorero mato, buri nyigisho ishobora gusuzumwa n’umuntu uwo ari we wese uzi gusoma. Bene Data baziranye kandi bakaba bakundana baba bashobora gutegana amatwi mu bwubahane, bagashishoza neza bashaka kumva igitekerezo cya mugenzi wabo gihabanye n’icyabo, n’iyo badashoboye kubyumva kimwe, urukundo ni rwo rukomeza kubahambirira hamwe, ntabwo ari inyigisho. Inyigisho yose itanzwe n’uwo ari we wese mu itsinda, ndetse n’abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepiskopi, iba igomba gusuzumanwa urukundo na buri wese, kuko Umwigisha atuye muri buri wese (reba 1 Yohana 2:27). Uko gusuzumana ubwabo no gushyira ku munzani w’Ijambo ry’Imana mu buryo bwa Bibiliya bituma hatabaho kuyoba mu myizerere.

Ibi bihabanye cyane n’umurongo ukurikizwa mu matorero-dini y’iki gihe, aho imyizerere iba yarashyizweho itorero rigitangira kandi hatagomba kugira ugira icyo yayikemangaho. Bityo rero, imyizerere ipfuye igahoraho iteka, kandi igahinduka igipimo cyo kugira ngo umuntu yemerwe. Ku bw’iyo mpamvu nyine, ingingo imwe mu kibwirizwa (inyigisho) kimwe ishobora gutuma bamwe bahita bigendera, bagasimbuka bakava mu bwato bakajya gushakisha ko babona “abizera bahuje imyumvire.” Baba babizi ko ntacyo bivuze kujya kuganira na pastori ku byo batemeranyijeho mu myizerere. N’ubwo yakumva akemera guhindura ibitekerezo bye, ntiyakwifuza ko abantu benshi cyangwa abakomeye bamukuriye mu itorero babimenya. Imitandukanire y’imyizerere mu matorero-dini ituma abapastori bahinduka bamwe mu banyapolitiki bakomeye bo muri iyi si, intyoza mu kuvuga zivugira ibintu muri rusange ku buryo bufifitse, maze bakirinda ikintu cyose cyabyara impaka, ahubwo bagashaka ukuntu buri wese yumva ko bari mu ruhande rwe.

Ibigezweho

(A Modern Trend)

Igishimishije, ni uko ubu hari umubare wiyongera w’amatorero-dini agenda atangiza uburyo bw’amatsinda mato mu mikorere yayo, bityo bikagaragaza ko yemera agaciro kabyo mu guhindura abantu abigishwa. Ndetse amatorero amwe atera indi ntambwe, agashingira imikorere yayo ku matsinda mato, akemeza ko ari cyo kintu cy’ingenzi ashingiraho mu gukora umurimo w’Imana. Bakavuga ko “amateraniro yo guhimbaza manini” aza ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma y’agaciro gakomeye k’amatsinda mato (nubwo bitakubahirizwa mu ngiro ariko niko babyemera mu mvugo).

Izo ni intambwe zigana mu cyerekezo nyacyo, kandi intambwe nk’izo Imana iziha umugisha, kuko umugisha wayo ungana n’urwego tugezaho mu gukurikiza ubushake bwayo. Kandi koko, “amatorero mato -selire (cell churches)” ateye neza mu buryo bworohereza umurimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa kurusha amatorero -dini asanzwe amenyerewe. Ari hagati y’amatorero-dini n’amatorero yo mu Ngo, mbeses afashe impu zombi.

Mbese amatorero y’ubu akoresha uburyo bw’amatsinda mato ahuriye he n’amatorero yo mu Ngo y’iki gihe n’aya kera? Hari aho bitandukaniye.

Urugero, ikibabaje ku matsinda mato yo mu matorero-dini rimwe na rimwe akora ari ugutiza umurindi amakosa akorwa muri ayo matorero-dini, cyane cyane igihe intego yo gutangira iby’amatsinda mato ari ukubaka ubwami bwa pastori mukuru w’itorero. Ubwo rero aratangira agakoresha abantu ku bw’inyungu ze, kandi amatsinda mato asohoza neza uwo mugambi. Iyo bigenze bityo, abayobozi b’amatsinda mato batoranywa hakurikijwe ukuntu ubudakemwa bwabo bwasuzumwe neza mu kuba abana b’itorero b’indahemuka, kandi ntibagomba kuba ari abanyempano cyane cyangwa bagaragaraho ubushobozi bwo kuyobora cyane, kugira ngo Satani atazabuzuzamo ibitekerezo by’uko bashobora kwitangirira ibyabo.Bene iyo mikorere iba inzitizi ku kugera ku ntego kw’amatsinda mato, maze nk’uko bigenda mu matorero-dini yose, abahamagawe n’Imana nyakuri n’abayobozi bazima b’ejo bakajyanwa mu mashuri ya Bibiliya na za seminari, itorero rikaba risahuwe impano nyakuri zaryo, maze abantu nk’abo bakajyanwa ahantu umwarimu azahagarara imbere yabo akabigisha aho kugira ngo batorezwe bakora umurimo.

Akenshi amatsinda mato yo mu matorero-dini ahinduka nk’amatsinda y’ubusabane gusa. Mu by’ukuri ibyo guhindura abantu abigishwa ntibibaho. Kuko biba bizwi ngo abantu bagaburirwa iby’umwuka ku cyumweru mu gitondo, amatsinda mato yibanda ku bindi bitari Ijambo ry’Imana, badashaka gusubiramo ibyo ku cyumweru mu gitondo.

Amatsinda mato mu matorero-dini akenshi ashyirwaho n’umwe mu bakozi b’itorero, aho kubyarwa n’Umwuka. Ikaba indi gahunda yiyongereye ku zindi nyinshi z’itorero. Abantu bagashyirwa mu itsinda rimwe hakurikijwe imyaka yabo y’ubukure, urwego rwabo rw’imibereho, inkomoko yabo, ibyo bakunda, niba barashakanye cyangwa ari ingaragu, abapfakazi cyangwa baratanye n’abo bashakanye cyangwa se hakurikijwe aho batuye. Akenshi ihene zikavangwa n’intama. Ibi byose biba bikozwe mu mubiri bitayobowe n’Umwuka ntibifasha abizera kugenda biga gukundana batitaye ku matandukaniro yabo. Wibuke ko amatorero ya mbere menshi yo mu gihe cy’Intumwa rwari uruvange rw’Abayuda n’Abanyamahanga. Kenshi basangiriraga hamwe ibyo kurya, kandi ibyo byari bibujijwe mu migenzo y’Abayuda. Mbega ukuntu amateraniro yabo bagomba kuba barayigiragamo ibintu byinshi! Mbega amahirwe yo gukorera mu rukundo! Mbega ubuhamya bw’imbaraga z’ubutumwa bwiza! None se kuki twumva tugomba gushyira buri wese mu itsinda ririmo abantu bahuje kugira ngo amatsinda mato agree ku ntego?

Amatorero-dini afite amatsinda mato na none aba agifite imihango yo ku cyumweru mu gitondo agomba gushyira mu bikorwa, aho indorerezi zireba ibikorwa imbere. Amatsinda mato ntiyemerewe guhura igihe cy’amateraniro “nyayo” y’itorero, ibyo bikumvisha buri wese ko mu by’ukuri amateraniro makuru yo mu rusengero ari yo y’ingenzi cyane. Bitewe n’ubwo butumwa buba butanzwe gutyo, abenshi mu bakristo baterana ku cyumweru mu gitondo, niba ndetse atari hafi ya bose, ntawe uzajya mu itsinda rito n’ubwo babibakangurira cyane, kuko aba yumvise ko atari byo by’ingenzi, ahubwo ko ari ibintu wakora cyangwa ukabireka bitewe n’ubushake bw’umuntu.Baba bumva banyuzwe n’uko baboneka mu materaniro y’ingenzi kuruta ayandi yose aba mu cyumweru. Ubwo rero igitekerezo cy’itsinda rito gishobora kwamamazwa nk’aho ari ibintu by’ingenzi cyane, ariko ko bitanganya agaciro n’amateraniro yemewe yo ku cyumweru.Amahirwe atagereranywa y’ubusabane nyabwo, gutozwa kuba umwigishwa no gukura mu mwuka akaba aburijwemo.Ubutumwa butari bwo bukaba buratambutse.Amateraniro rusange yo ku cyumweru akaganza.

Ahandi bitandukanira

(More Differences)

Amatorero -dini afite amatsinda mato mu miterere yayo afite inzego zisumbana z’ubuyobozi,aho buri wese aba azi umwanya we mu nzego zitandukanye. Abari ku rwego rwo hejuru mu buyobozi bashobora kwiyita “abagaragu,” ariko mu by’ukuri akenshi baba bameze nk’abashefu bakuru bagomba gufata ibyemezo bikomeye.Uko itorero rirushaho kuba rinini, ni ko pastori arushaho kugenda yigira kure y’umukumbi aragiye. Iyo ari umupastori nyakuri ushobora kumukuramo ukuri umubajije mu gihe atabyiteguye; azakubwira ko yari anezerewe kurushaho igihe yari akiragiye umukumbi muto.

Ni na ko bimeze rero mu matorero-dini afite amatsinda mato, aba agishyigikiye ivangura ry’abakozi b’Imana babyiyeguriye n’abalayiki (abakristo basanzwe). Abayobozi b’amatsinda mato baba bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’abakozi b’Imana babigize umwuga kandi babihemberwa. Kenshi na kenshi amasomo yo kwiga inyigisho za Bibiliya agahabwa agaciro gake cyangwa akabanza kwemerwa n’abayobozi b’itorero, kuko abayobozi b’amatsinda mato badashobora guhabwa ubushobozi bwinshi. Amatsinda mato ntiyemererwa gukora Ifunguro Ryera cyangwa kubatiza. Iyi mirimo yera igenewe gusa abantu bamwe b’indobanure bo mu rwego rwo hejuru bafite amazina y’ibyubahiro n’impamyabumenyi. Abahamagariwe kwiyegurira gukora umurimo w’Imana mu mubiri wa Kristo bagomba kujya mu ishuri rya Bibiliya cyangwa iseminari kugira ngo bemerwe rwose gukora umurimo ku mugaragaro maze basange abandi muri ka gatsiko kari ku isonga.

Rimwe na rimwe usanga amatsinda mato mu matorero-dini yarabaye nk’amateraniro asanzwe yo gusenga bigatandukanira gusa mu bwinshi bw’abayagize n’umwanya amara kuko itsinda rito riterana kumara hagati y’iminota 60 na 90, umuntu umwe ubifitiye impano akayobora kuramya no guhimbaza, undi na we ubifitiye impano akigisha inyigisho ubuyobozi bubakuriye bwemeje ko yigishwa. Umwuka Wera ahabwa akanya gato cyane ko kugira ngo abe yagira abandi akoresha, atange impano cyangwa ahagurutse abakozi b’Imana.

Akenshi abantu ntibamaramaza mu kwitabira amatsinda mato mu matorero-dini, rimwe bayajyamo ubundi ntibayajyemo, kandi hari ubwo ayo matsinda aba yaragenewe kubaho igihe gito gusa atazahoraho, ubwo rero ugasanga ubusabane no gushyira hamwe kwayo biri ku rwego ruri hasi y’urwo mu matorero yo mu Ngo.

Ubusanzwe amatsinda mato mu matorero-dini aterana mu minsi y’imibyizi kugira ngo atabangamira amateraniro y’itorero kuwa gatandatu no ku cyumweru. Ubwo rero ingaruka ni uko umwanya wo guterana kw’amatsinda mato uba ugerwa ku mashyi udashobora kurenga amasaha abiri ku bashobora guterana; naho nk’abafite abana bato biga mu mashuri abanza baba bagomba gucyura mu rugo cyangwa abaturuka kure bo baba bahejwe.

N’iyo kandi amatorero-dini ashyigikiye iby’amatsinda mato, haba hakiri inyubako y’urusengero bagomba gushyiraho amafaranga. Kandi mu by’ukuri uwo murimo w’amatsinda mato wongera umubare w’abantu mu itorero, ubwo rero bituma hanarushaho gushorwa amafaranga yandi menshi muri gahunda zo kwagura inyubako. Ikindi ni uko, gushyiraho amatsinda mato mu matorero-dini bisaba nibura gushyiraho undi mukozi umwe w’itorero ubihemberwa. Ibyo rero ni ukuvuga andi mafaranga agomba gusohoka ku yindi gahunda y’itorero.

Ikindi umuntu yakwita ndetse kibi kurusha ibindi byose, abapastori b’amatorero-dini akoresha uburyo bw’amatsinda mato, bo ubwabo ntibajya bagira akanya ko guhindura abantu abigishwa. Bahugira cyane mu nshingano zindi nyinshi, bakagira akanya gato cyane ko kuba batoza umuntu umwe ku wundi kuba umwigishwa. Ahari wenda abo bashobora kwegera cyane babatoza kuba abigishwa ni nk’abayobozi b’amatsinda mato, ariko ibyo nabyo babibonera umwanya nka rimwe mu kwezi bahuriye hamwe.

Ibi byose birerekana ko, nkurikije uko jye mbyumva, amatorero yo mu rugo ari bwo buryo Bibiliya yemera kandi ni yo afite imbaraga mu guhindura no kugwiza abigishwa n’abahindura abantu abigishwa. Nyamara kandi ndabona ko imitekerereze yanjye idashobora guhindura mu kanya gato imigenzo itorero ryagendeyeho imyaka amagana n’amagana. Ni cyo gituma nsaba abapastori b’amatorero-dini kugira icyo bakora bakerekeza amatorero yabo mu murongo wa Bibiliya mu byerekeranye n’uburyo bwo guhindura abantu abigishwa.[6] Bashobora gutangira gutekereza ukuntu batoza abayobozi b’ejo hazaza kuba abigishwa n’ukuntu batangiza umurimo w’amatsinda mato. Bashobora kugumishaho “umunsi wo guterana wo ku cyumweru nk’itorero rya mbere” ariko urusengero rukaba rwakinzwe, abantu bose bahuriye mu Ngo zabo basangira ibyo kurya nk’uko abakristo ba mbere babigiraga mu myaka Magana atatu ya mbere..

Abapastori bafite amatsinda mato mu matorero yabo bashobora kureba ukuntu barekura ayo matsinda akagenda akaba amatorero yo mu Ngo maze bakareba uko bigenda.Iyo amatsinda mato ameze neza nta kibazo afite kandi akaba ayobowe n’abapastori/abakuru b’itorero/abepiskopi bafite umuhamagaro w’Imana, yakagombye gukora neza yiyoboye ubwayo.Ntaba akeneye itorero rikuru ryayabyaye nk’uko itorero rito ryatangijwe ridafite irindi riribyaye rikura rigakomera. Kuki se ayo matsinda mato atahabwa umudendezo?[7].Amafaranga y’abagize itsinda yajyaga ajya mu itorero rikuru ashobora gufasha umushumba w’itorero ryo mu rugo.

Mbese gushyigikira kwanjye amatorero yo mu Ngo birasobanura ko nta cyiza kiba mu matorero-dini? Oya rwose. Bitewe n’urwego amatorero-dini agezaho mu guhindura abantu abigishwa bumvira Kristo, ayo matorero akwiye gushimwa. Nyamara rimwe na rimwe imikorere n’imiterere yayo iba inzitizi kurusha uko yafasha mu kugera ku ntego Kristo yadushyize imbere, kandi akenshi birimbura ubugingo bw’abapastori.

Bigenda bite mu materaniro y’itorero ryo mu rugo?

(What Happens at a House Church Gathering?)

Ntabwo amatorero yose yo mu rugo agomba kuba ateye kimwe, kandi haba hari uburyo bwinshi bwo guhindura igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Buri torero ryo mu rugo riba rigomba kugaragaza imico yaryo n’imigenzo yihariye ishingiye ku hantu riri no ku barigize–ni nacyo gituma amatorero yo mu Ngo ashobora kugira imbaraga cyane mu ivugabutumwa, cyane cyane mu bihugu bitagendera ku migenzo ya gikristo. Abakristo bo mu matorero yo mu Ngo iyo batumiye abaturanyi babo kujyana gusenga ntibabatumira mu rusengero mu bintu batazi na gato birimo imihango batagira aho bahuriye–ari zo nzitizi zikomeye zibuza abantu gukizwa.Ahubwo batumira abaturanyi babo kujya gusangira amafunguro n’incuti zabo.

Urebye ahanini ifunguro risangiriwe hamwe ni cyo kintu gikuru kigize amateraniro y’itorero ryo mu rugo. Mu matorero menshi yo mu Ngo iryo funguro riba rikubiyemo n’Ifunguro Ryera, kandi buri torero ryo mu rugo rishobora gushaka ukuntu birushaho kugira agaciro mu buryo bw’umwuka.Nk’uko twari twabivuzeho mbere, Ifunguro Ryera rya mbere ritangizwa ryari ifunguro rishyitse ry’umunsi wa Pasika kandi ryari rifite agaciro gakomeye mu buryo bw’umwuka.Iyo abakristo ba mbere rero bateranaga bagiye ku Ifunguro Ryera barafunguraga nyabyo. Dusoma mu byanditswe ko abakristo ba mbere babigenzaga batya:

Bahoraga bashishikariye ibyo intumwa zigishaga, bagasangira ibyabo, no kumanyagura umutsima no gusenga….Kandi iminsi yose bakomezaga kujya mu rusengero n’umutima uhuye, n’iwabo bakamanyagura umutsima bakarya bishimye bafite imitima itishāma bahimbaza Imana (Ibyak 2:42, 46).

Abakristo ba mbere rero bajyanaga imitsima bagiye guterana, bakayimanyagura, bakayisangirira hamwe, kandi mu mico yabo ubusanzwe ni ko byagendaga kuri buri funguro rya buri munsi. Mbese uko kumanyura umutsima mu gihe cyo gufungura hari icyo byari bivuze mu buryo bw’umwuka ku bakristo ba mbere? Bibiliya ntibihamya mu buryo bweruye. Nyamara William Barclay,mu gitabo cye yise The Lord’s Supper(Ifunguro Ryera/Ameza y’Umwami) yaravuze ati, “Nta gushidikanya ko Ifunguro Ryera ryatangiye nk’ifunguro risanzwe ryasangirwaga n’ubundi mu muryango cyangwa irisangiwe n’incuti zihuriye ahantu hasanzwe hatari mu rusengero ….Iby’akamanyu gato k’umugati n’agatama ka divayi ntaho bihuriye n’Ifunguro Ryera uko ryari riri mu gutangira kwaryo ….Ifunguro Ryera mu ntangiriro ryari ifunguro ryo mu rugo rw’abantu bakundana.” Biratangaje ukuntu buri muhanga wa Bibiliya wese wo muri iki gihe yemeranya na Barclay, nyamara itorero rikaba rikigendera mu migenzo yaryo aho kugendera ku Ijambo ry’Imana kuri iyi ngingo!

Yesu yategetse abigishwa be ko bazajya bigisha abigishwa babo kwitondera/kumvira ibyo yabategetse byose, ubwo rero igihe yabategekaga ko bazajya basangira umugati na divayi bamwibuka, bakagombye kuba barigishije abigishwa babo kubigenza batyo.Mbese ibyo byakagombye gukorwa mu gihe cy’ifunguro risanzwe? Nta gushidikanya ko byumvikana nk’igihe dusoma amagambo Pawulo yandikiye abakristo b’I Korinto:

Byongeye kandi iyo muteraniye hamwe [kandi aha ntavuga ku byo guteranira mu nsengero kuko zitari ziriho] ntimuba muteranijwe n gusangira Ifunguro ry’Umwami wacu by’ukuri, kuko iyo murya umuntu wese yikubira ibye agacura abandi, nuko umwe arasonza naho undi akarengwa (1 Kor. 11:20-21).

Amagambo nk’ayo se yaba afite ishingiro Pawulo abaye avuga ku Ifunguro Ryera nk’uko rikorwa mu matorero y’iki gihe? Hari ubwo wari wigera wumva itorero ry’iki gihe ryabayemo ikibazo cy’uko mu gihe cy’Ifunguro Ryera bamwe bikubiye ibiryo byabo bagacura abandi hanyuma bamwe bakarengwa kandi abandi bashonje?Amagambo nk’ayo yagira ishingiro ari uko Ifunguro Ryera rikorwa mu buryo bw’ifunguro risanzwe nyakuri. Pawulo arakomeza:

Mbese ye, ntimufite ingo zanyu ngo abe ari zo muriramo no kunyweramo? Mugayisha mutyo itorero ry’Imana [wibuke ko Pawulo atavugaga inyubako y’urusengero, ahubwo yavugaga iteraniro ry’abantu b’Imana, itorero ry’Imana], mugakoza isoni abakene?Mbese mbabwire iki?Mbashime?Kuri ibyo simbashima (1 Kor. 11:22).

Ni mu buhe buryo se abadafite icyo bafite/abakene bakorwa n’isoni niba ibyakorwaga bitari ugusangira ifunguro risanzwe?Pawulo yerekanaga ko abakristo bamwe b’Abakorinto iyo bageraga kare aho bateranira bahitaga batangira kurya ibyabo badategereje ko abandi babanza kuhagera. Iyo rero bamwe bazaga nyuma kandi ari abakene ku buryo batabonye ibyo kuzana gusangira mu ifunguro rusange, ntibaburaga icyo barya gusa, ahubwo banakorwaga n’isoni kuko byagaragariraga buri wese ko nta kintu bazanye.

Nyuma y’aho ako kanya Pawulo ahita yandika ibindi ku bijyanye n’Ifunguro ry’Umwami, icyo “yahawe n’Umwami” (1 Kor. 11:23), nuko akavuga uko byagenze ku Ifunguro Ryera rya mbere (1 Kor. 11:24-25). Noneho akihanangiriza Abakorinto ko batagomba kujya ku Ifunguro Ryera uko bidakwiriye, akavuga ko iyo batisuzumye, baba baririye kandi banywereye gucirwaho iteka mu buryo bw’intege nke, kurwaragura nogupfa imburagihe (1 Kor. 11:26-32).

Hanyuma agasoza avuga ati,

Nuko bene Data nimuteranira gusangira,murindirane. Umuntu nasonza arye iby’iwe, kugira ngo guterana kwanyu kutabashyirishaho urubanza (1 Kor. 11:33-34).

Iyo urebye rero usanga icyaha cyakorwaga igihe cy’Ifunguro Ryera ari ukutita ku bandi bizera. Pawulo na none akihanangiriza abongabo batangiraga kurya ibyabo bikubiye kandi byagombaga kuribwa bisangiwe, ifunguro bahuriyeho bose, akababwira ko bari mu kaga ko gucirwaho iteka (cyangwa guhanwa) n’Imana.Umuti w’icyo kibazo wari woroshye. Niba hari uwumva ashonje cyane ku buryo atashobora gutegereza abandi,yakagombye kuva mu rugo hari icyo atamiye mbere yo kuza mu materaniro. Kandi abahageze mbere bakagombye kurindira abandi baza kuza nyuma kuri uwo musangiro, bigaragara ko uwo musangiro wari ukubiyemo Ifunguro Ryera cyangwa ndetse ni wo wari Ifunguro Ryera nyirizina.

Iyo turebye icyo gice cyose uko cyakabaye, biragaragara neza ko Pawulo yavugaga yuko niba ari Ifunguro ry’Umwami wacu ko risangirwa, byakagombye gukorwa mu buryo bushimisha Umwami, mu rukundo no kubahana.

Ibyo ari byo byose, biragaragara cyane ko itorero rya mbere ryakoraga Ifunguro Ryera nk’uko basangira ayandi mafunguro yose mu Ngo z’abantu nta bayobozi b’idini bagombye kuhaba ngo bayobore uwo muhango.Kuki se twe tutagenza dutyo?

Umugati na Divayi

(Bread and Wine)

Ubwoko bw’ibikoreshwa mu Ifunguro Ryera ntabwo ari cyo cy’ingenzi. Niba tugomba guharanira kwigana neza neza Ifunguro Ryera rya mbere, twakagombye kumenya ibyo uwo mugati wari ukozwemo n’ubwoko nyirizina bw’umuzabibu iyo divayi/vino yari yenzwemo.[Ababyeyi b’itorero (church fathers)bo mu binyejana bya mbere bategekaga ko iyo vino igomba gufunguzwa amazi ngo kuko bitabaye ibyo Ifunguro Ryera ryaba rikozwe mu buryo budatunganye.]

Umugati na divayi ubundi byari bimwe mu byo kurya byari bigize amafunguro asanzwe y’Abayuda.Yesu yahaye agaciro kanini ibintu bbibiri byari bisanzwe cyane, ibyo kurya urebye buri wese yaryaga buri munsi. Iyo aza kuba yarabonye iby’imico y’ahandi mu yindi myaka itari iriya wenda Ifunguro Ryera rya mbere ryari kuba rigizwe na foromaje (cheese) n’amata y’ihene, cyangwa n’umutsima w’umuceri n’umutobe w’inanasi. Nuko rero ibyo kurya n’ibinyobwa ibyo ari byo byose bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’umubiri n’amaraso ya Yesu mu ifunguro risangiwe n’abigishwa be. Icy’ingenzi ni icyo risobanuye mu buryo bw’umwuka. Reka twogukerensa umwuka w’amategeko mu gihe dushobora kurinda inyuguti yayo!

Si ngombwa ko ifunguro risangiwe rikorerwa imihango y’akataraboneka. Abakristo ba mbere, nk’uko twamaze kubisoma, bamanyaguraga “umutsima iwabo…bakarya bishimye kandi bafite imitima itishama” (Ibyak 2:46). Ariko na none kubigiramo ubwitonzi birakwiriye igihe muri uko gufungura hageze igihe cyo kwibuka igitambo cya Yesu maze ibyo bateguye bikaribwa bibuka. Kwisuzuma birakwiye iteka mbere yo kurya Ifunguro Ryera, nk’uko amagambo akaze Pawulo yavuze yihanangiriza Abakristo b’Abakorinto abyerekana mu 1 Abakorinto 11:17-34.Kwica itegeko rya Kristo ryo gukundana ni uguhamagara igihano cy’Imana. Amakimbirane ayo ari yo yose n’amacakubiri yose bigomba kubanza gukemurwa mbere yo kurya ifunguro. Buri mukristo wese agomba kwisuzuma akatura ibyaha byose,ari byo byagereranywa no “kwicira urubanza ubwawe” dukoresheje imvugo ya Pawulo.

Umwuka Werekaniwe mu Mubiri

(The Spirit Manifested Through the Body)

Ifunguro rishobora kuza mbere cyangwa nyuma y’amateraniro yo guhimbaza Imana no kuramya, inyigisho no gukora kw’impano z’umwuka.Imiterere yaryo yaturuka ku buryo buri torero ryo mu rugo ribigennye,kandi bishobora guhinduka muri buri teraniro.

Biragaragara neza mu Byanditswe Byera ko guterana kw’itorero rya mbere byari bitandukanye cyane n’iby’amatorero-dini y’iki gihe. By’umwihariko, 1 Abakorinto 11-14 hatwereka mu buryo burambuye uko byagendaga iyo Abakristo ba mbere bateranaga, kandi nta mpamvu n’imwe yatuma umuntu yibwira ko ubwo buryo butakurikizwa cyangwa butagomba gukurikizwa muri iki gihe. Na none biragaragara neza ko ibyaberaga mu materaniro y’itorero rya mbere nk’uko Pawulo abisobanura, bishobora kubera gusa mu materaniro y’amatsinda mato.Ibyo Pawulo agaragaza ntushobora kubibonera uburyo n’ibikoresho byo kubitegura no kubitunganya biramutse bibaye ari amateraniro manini y’abantu benshi.

Ndi uwa mbere mu kwemera ko ndasobanukiwe neza ibintu byose mu byo Pawulo yanditse muri ibyo bice bine bya 1 Abakorinto. Nyamara biragaragara neza ko ikintu cy’ingenzi cyarangaga amateraniro avugwa mu 1 Abakorinto 11-14 kwari ukubaho k’Umwuka Wera no kwigaragaza kwe biciye mu bagize iteraniro.Yahaga abantu impano kugira ngo itorero ryose ryubakwe.

Pawulo avugamo nibura impano icyenda z’Umwuka: guhanura, kuvuga indimi, gusobanura indimi, ijambo ryo kumenya, ijambo ry’ubwenge, kurobanura imyuka, impano zo gukiza indwara, kwizera, no gukora ibitangaza. Ntavuga yuko izi mpano zose zakoraga muri buri teraniro, nyamara agasa n’ugaragaza ko zabaga zihari zishobora gukora ndetse agasa n’uvuga mu magambo macye mu 1 Abakorinto 14: 26 ibyerekana Umwuka byari bikunze kugaragara cyane:

Nuko bene Data iyo muteranye bimera bite?Umuntu wese afite indirimbo cyangwa amagambo yo kwigisha, cyangwa amagambo ahishuriwe, cyangwa ururimi rutamenyekana, cyangwa amagambo yo kurusobanura.Nuko rero byose bikorerwe kugira ngo abantu bunguke.

Reka turebe izi mpano zose uko ari eshanu, hanyuma mu kindi gice kiri buze turaza kureba twitonze neza za mpano icyenda zivugwa mu 1 Abakorinto 12:8-10.

Iya mbere ku rutonde ni indirimbo/zaburi. Indirimbo z’ibihimbano by’Umwuka zivugwa mu zindi nzandiko ebyiri Pawulo yandikiye amatorero, ashimangira umwanya zifite mu materaniro y’Abakristo.

Kandi ntimugasinde inzoga zirimo ubukubaganyi, ahubwo mwuzure Umwuka. Mubwirane zaburi n’indirimbo n’ibihimbano by’Umwuka, muririmba mucurangira Umwami wacu mu mitima yanyu. (Ef. 5:18-19).

Ijambo rya Kristo ribe muri mwe rigwiriye rifite ubwenge bwose, mwigishanye, muhugurane muri zaburi n’indirimbo n’ibihimbano by’Umwuka,muririmbirana Imana ishimwe mu mitima yanyu. (Kolo. 3:16).

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya zaburi, indirimbo n’ibihimbano by’Umwuka ntirisobanutse neza, ariko icy’ingenzi ni uko izo ndirimbo zose zishingiye ku magambo ya Kristo, zikaba zarahumetswe n’Umwuka, kandi zigomba kuririmbwa n’abizera kugira ngo bigishanye kandi bahugurane. Nta gushidikanya ko indirimbo zose zagiye ziririmbwa n’abakristo uko ibihe byagiye bisimburana mu mateka y’itorero ziri muri ibyo byiciro bitandukanye. Ikibabaje ni uko indirimbo nyinshi n’ibihimbano by’iki gihe usanga nta rufatiro rwa Bibiliya rurimo, ibyo bikerekana ko zitahumetswe n’Umwuka, kandi kubera uko kubura uburemere, ntizigire n’imbaraga zo kwigisha no guhugura abizera. Nyamara abakristo bateranira mu matorero yo mu Ngo bakwiye gutegereza bizeye ko Umwuka atazabahumekera gusa mu kuririmba indirimbo zimenyerewe za gikristo za kera n’inshya, ahubwo ko azaha bamwe muri bo n’indirimbo zidasanzwe zishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo bose bubakwe. Koko kandi mbega ukuntu ari ibidasanzwe, amatorero agize indirimbo zayo bwite zihumetswe n’Umwuka!

Kwigisha

(Teaching)

Iya kabiri ku rutonde rwa Pawulo ni ukwigisha. Ibi na none birerekana ko uwo ari we wese mu iteraniro ashobora kugeza ku bandi inyigisho ihumetswe n’Umwuka. Birumvikana buri nyigisho yagombaga gusuzumwa ngo bumve niba iri mu murongo umwe n’uw’inyigisho z’intumwa (kuko buri wese yari abishishikariye: Ibyak. 2:42) kandi na twe dukwiye kubigenza dutyo muri iki gihe. Ariko wibuke ko ntaho tubona hano cyangwa ahandi ahari ho hose mu Isezerano Rishya ko umuntu umwe ari we wahoraga yigisha uko amatorero yateranaga, akaba ari we usumba abandi.

I Yerusalemu habagaho amateraniro manini mu rusengero intumwa zikigisha.Tuzi kandi ko n’abakuru b’itorero bahabwaga inshingano zo kwigisha mu matorero, kandi ko hari abantu bahamagariwe umurimo wo kwigisha. Pawulo yarigishije cyane, haba mu ruhame no mu Ngo inzu ku yindi(Ibyak. 20:20).Nyamara mu materaniro mato y’abizera, Umwuka Wera yashoboraga gukoresha abandi bakigisha batari intumwa, abakuru b’itorero cyangwa abigisha.

Iyo haje iby’inyigisho,ubanza turusha cyane ab’itorero rya mbere kugendana Bibiliya zacu iyo tugiye guterana.Ariko ku rundi ruhande wenda kuba dushobora kubona Bibiliya mu buryo bworoshye, byatumye tuzamura inyigisho cyane tuzisumbisha gukunda Imana n’imitima yacu yose no gukunda bene Data nk’uko twikunda, twinyaga ubugingo Ijambo ry’Imana ryari ryagenewe kuduhesha.Twarigishijwe birenze urugero. Amatsinda mato menshi y’inyigisho za Bibiliya usanga ntacyo amaze kandi akonje arambiranye nk’inyigisho zo ku cyumweru mu gitondo. Itegeko ryiza rikwiriye gukurikizwa mu bijyanye n’inyigisho mu itorero ryo mu rugo ni iri: Niba abana bakuru badashobora guhisha kurambirwa kwabo, abantu bakuru bo wenda barabihisha. Abana ni igipimo gikomeye gipima ukuri.

Guhishurirwa

(Revelation)

Iya gatatu Pawulo ashyira ku rutonde ni “ihishurirwa.” Ibyo bishatse kuvuga ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gihishuwe n’Imana igihishurira umwe mu iteraniro. Urugero hari aho Pawulo avuga uko utizera ashobora kwinjira mu iteraniro ry’abakristo maze “ibihishwe byo mu mutima we bikerurwa” kubw’impano z’ubuhanuzi.Icyo bibyara ni uko “yakwemezwa ibyaha” kandi “akarondorwa” maze “yakwikubita hasi yubamye akaramya Imana, kandi akamamaza yuko Imana iri muri mwe koko” (1 Kor. 14:24-25).

Aha na none turabona ko kubaho nyakuri k’Umwuka Wera cyari ikintu gikurikiranwa cyane mu materaniro y’itorero, kandi ko ibintu by’indengakamere byahaberaga kubera uko kubaho k’Umwuka Wera. Abakristo ba mbere bizeraga rwose isezerano rya Yesu ngo, “Kuko aho babiri cyangwa batatu bateraniye mu izina ryanjye, nanjye mba ndi hagati yabo”(Mat. 18:20).Niba Yesu ubwe yarabaga ari hagati yabo, ibitangaza byarabaga.Koko “basengaga mu buryo bw’Umwuka w’Imana” (Fili. 3:3).

Uko biri kose,ubuhanuzi, ndibubuvugeho na none mu kanya, bwagombaga kuba burimo guhishurirwa iby’imitima y’abantu. Ariko ihishurirwa rishobora gutangwa no ku bindi bintu kandi biciye mu bundi buryo nk’inzozi n’amayerekwa (Ibyak. 2:17).

Indimi no Kuzisobanura

(Tongues and Interpretation)

Ubwa kane Pawulo yashyize ku rutonde impano ebyiri zigendana: indimi no gusobanura indimi. I Korinto barakabyaga cyane ndetse bagakoresha nabi ibyo kuvuga mu ndimi.Urugero, abantu bavugaga mu ndimi igihe cy’amateraniro y’itorero kandi ntihabe kuzisobanura; nuko ntihagire umenya ibirimo kuvugwa. Dushobora kwibaza impamvu Abakorinto babarwaho amakosa,kandi bisa nk’aho amakosa ahubwo ari ay’Umwuka Wera mu guha abantu impano y’indimi nta n’umwe yahaye impano yo kuzisobanura. Hari igisubizo cyiza cyane kuri icyo kibazo, ndaza kubivugaho mu gice kiri buze hanyuma.Uko biri kose ntabwo Pawulo yigeze abuzanya kuvuga mu ndimi (nk’uko amatorero-dini menshi abigira). Ahubwo yabujije abantu kubuzanya kuvuga mu ndimi, kandi avuga ko ari itegeko ry’Umwami (1 Kor. 14:37-39)![8] Yari impano ishobora kubaka itorero, iyo ikoreshejwe neza, kandi igashimangira kubaho kw’Imana kw’indengakamere hagati mu iteraniro.Ni Imana yabaga ivugira mu bantu, ibibutsa ukuri kwayo n’ubushake bwayo.

Pawulo yasobanuye neza atanga ingingo ku yindi avuga uburyo impano y’ubuhanuzi iruta cyane iyo kuvuga mu ndimi ntawe uri buzisobanure.Yakanguriye cyane Abakorinto kwifuza impano yo guhanura, bisobanura ko impano z’Umwuka zirushaho kwigaragaza mu materaniro y’abazifuza.Na none Pawulo yihanangirije abakristo b’Abatesalonike ati, “Ntimukazimye Umwuka w’Imana kandi ntimugahinyure ibihanurwa” (1 Tes. 5:19). Ibi byerekana ko abizera bashobora “kuzimya” Umwuka cyangwa “kuzimya umuriro we” mu kugira imitekerereze mibi ihinyura impano y’ubuhanuzi. Ni cyo gituma tudashidikanya ko ari yo mpamvu impano y’ubuhanuzi itakiboneka mu bakristo benshi bo muri iki gihe.

Uko watangira

(How to Start)

Amatorero yo mu Ngo abyarwa n’Umwuka Wera akoresheje umuntu ufite umuhamagaro wo gutangiza amatorero yo mu Ngo cyangwa umukuru w’itorero /umupastori/umwepiskopi wahawe n’Imana iyerekwa ry’itorero ryo mu rugo. Wibuke ko uwo Bibiliya yita umukuru w’itorero/pastori/umwepisikopi ashobora kuba ari uwo itorero-dini ryita umulayiki ukuze mu mwuka. Nta muntu ufite umuhamagaro wo gushinga amatorero yo mu rugo ugomba kubanza kubyigira mu mashuri ya Bibiliya.

Iyo nyirugutangiza itorero amaze guhabwa n’Umwuka iyerekwa ry’itorero ryo mu rugo, agomba gushaka mu maso h’Imana asengera abandi bashobora kuzaza bamusanga. Uwiteka amuhuza n’abandi bantu bafite iyerekwa nk’irye, kikamubera ikimenyetso cyo kumuhamiriza ko iyerekwa rye ari iry’ukuri.Cyangwa ashobora kuyoborwa kujya ku badakijijwe bagakingurira imitima yabo ubutumwa bwiza, akabakiriza Yesu hanyuma agatangira kubatoza nk’abigishwa mu itorero ryo mu rugo.

Abagitangira urwo rugendo rw’umurimo w’itorero ryo mu rugo bagomba kwitegura ko bizatwara igihe kugira ngo abagize itorero bamenyerane bisanzuraneho kandi bige gusabana no kugendana n’Umwuka Wera.Hazabaho kugwa babyuka muri urwo rugendo. Amahame y’uko buri wese agomba kugira icyo akora akumva bimureba, kuba umuyobozi-mugaragu nk’uko Bibiliya ibyigisha, guha ubushobozi abakuru b’itorero, kuyoborwa n’Umwuka Wera no gukora kw’impano, ifunguro risangiriwe hamwe, no guteranira ahantu hasanzwe ariko hari ukubaho k’Umwuka Wera biba ari ibintu bishyashya cyane ku bantu bamenyereye gusa amateraniro yo mu matorero-dini. Ubwo rero ni byiza kugendera mu bugwaneza no kwihangana igihe itorero ryo mu rugo ritangira. Mu ntangiriro umuntu ashobora kubigira nk’iteraniro ryo mu rugo ryo kwiga Bibiliya, hakaba umuntu umwe uyobora guhimbaza no kuramya, undi agatanga inyigisho yateguye, akarangiza atanga akanya ko gusengera hamwe, hanyuma hakabaho gusābāna no gusangirira hamwe ifunguro. Nyamara uko iryo tsinda rigenda risobanukirwa imikorere y’amatorero yo mu Ngo, umukuru w’itorero /pastori/umwepisikopi agomba kubakangurira gushakana Imana umwete bagatera intambwe mu by’umwuka.Hanyuma akishimira ibyo Imana ikora!

Bashobora kugenda bahinduranya aho bateranira bava mu rugo rw’umwe bajya mu rw’undi uko ibyumweru bikurikirana, cyangwa umuntu umwe agakingura amarembo bakajya bateranira iwe buri cyumweru.Amatorero amwe yo mu Ngo rimwe na rimwe bajya basohoka bakajya guteranira ku musozi ahantu batoranyije igihe ikirere kimeze neza hari umucyo. Aho bateranira n’igihe baterana ntibigomba kuba ari ku cyumweru mu gitondo gusa, ahubwo umunsi uwo ari wo wose bumvikanyeho uborohereza bose. Ndangize mvuga ko ari byiza cyane gutangirira ku itsinda rito; abantu batarenze cumi na babiri.

Uko wava mu Itorero-dini ujya mu Itorero ryo mu Rugo

(How to Transition from Institution to House Church)

Birashoboka cyane ko abapastori benshi barimo basoma ibi bagendera mu mikorere y’amatorero-dini, kandi wenda nawe ncuti musomyi, uri umwe muri bo. Niba hari agatima nakanguye muri wowe kari gasonzeye itorero nk’iryo nakomeje kuvugaho, wamaze gutangira kwibaza ukuntu wabigenza uva mu byo wari urimo ujya muri iryo torero.Reka ngusabe witonde we guhutiraho. Tangira wigisha ukuri kwa Bibiliya gusa kandi ukora icyo washobora gukora cyose kugira ngo uhindure abantu abigishwa bumvira amategeko ya Yesu ukurikije imikorere y’aho uri. Abigishwa nyakuri ni bo cyane cyane bashobora gushaka guhindura bakajya mu itorero riteye nk’uko Bibiliya ivuga, uko bagenda basobanukirwa. Ihene n’abanyedini ni bo barwanya bene izo mpinduka.

Ubwa kabiri, wige umenye icyo Ibyanditswe Byera bibivugaho kandi wigishe abanyetorero bawe iby’itorero ryo mu rugo n’imigisha igendana na ryo. Hanyuma ushobora kuzagezaho ugakuraho amateraniro yo mu mibyizi cyangwa ayo ku cyumweru nimugoroba ku rusengero kugira ngo utangize amateraniro y’amatsinda mu Ngo buri cyumweru, agahagarikirwa n’abakristo bakuze mu mwuka.Ukangurire buri wese kwitabīra. Kora ku buryo ayo materaniro arushaho kugenda akurikiza mu buryo bushoboka bwose ishusho y’amatorero yo mu Ngo nk’uko Bibiliya ibivuga.Hanyuma noneho ureke abantu batangire kunezererwa imigisha y’amatsinda mato yabo.

Igihe buri wese akirimo kwishimira amateraniro yo mu rugo, ushobora gutangaza ko mu kwezi gukurikiyeho rimwe ari ku Cyumweru hazabaho amateraniro nk’ay’itorero rya mbere ( “Early Church Sunday.”) Kuri icyo Cyumweru, urusengero ruzaba rukinze hanyuma bose bajye guteranira mu Ngo nk’uko itorero rya mbere ryagenzaga, banezererwe gusangira ibyo kurya bishyitse, Ifunguro Ryera, ubusabane, gusenga, guhimbaza no kuramya, inyigisho no gukora kw’impano z’Umwuka.Niba ibyo bigenze neza, ushobora gutangira kujya ukoresha amateraniro nk’ayo Ku cyumweru rimwe mu kwezi, hanyuma Ku cyumweru kabiri (two Sundays) mu kwezi, hanyuma ubukurikiyeho gatatu mu kwezi. Amaherezo ukazarekura buri tsinda rikajya kuba itorero ryo mu rugo ryigenga, rifite umudendezo wo gukura no kubyara andi, ndetse wenda ayo matorero yose akaba yajya ahurira hamwe mu iteraniro rinini, bakabikora rimwe buri mezi abiri.

Izo ntambwe zose uko nazivuze zo kugana ku mikorere y’itorero ryo mu rugo zishobora gufata igihe kingana n’umwaka umwe kugera kuri ibiri .

Cyangwa na none ushatse kwitonda kurushaho, ushobora gutangirana n’itsinda rimwe gusa ry’abantu bacye bo mu banyetorero bawe ubona babishishikariye kurusha abandi ukabiyoborera wowe ubwawe. (Nongere mvuge ko amatorero yo mu Ngo bitari ngombwa ko aterana ku Cyumweru mu gitondo.) Bishobora gukorwa mu rwego rw’igerageza kandi nta gushidikanya ko bose babyungukiramo.

Ibyo nibigenda neza, noneho ushobora gushyiraho umuyobozi ukarekura itsinda rikajya kuba itorero ryigenga rishobora kuzajya rijya guterana mu itorero-dini mu materaniro yo ku Cyumweru rimwe mu kwezi.Muri ubwo buryo iryo torero rishya riba rikiri igice kigize itorero rikuru rikomokaho,kandi ntirishobora kugaragara nabi mu maso y’abakiri mu itorero-dini.Ibyo bishobora gufasha gukangurira abandi banyetorero kujya kurema irindi torero ryo mu rugo ritangijwe n’itorero-dini.

Niba itsinda rya mbere rikuze,ubisengere hanyuma urigabanyemo amatsinda abiri ku buryo yombi agira abayobozi beza n’impano zihagije mu bayagize. Amatsinda yombi ashobora kujya ahurira hamwe mu iteraniro rinini ryo guhimbaza ku bihe byumvikanweho;wenda nka rimwe mu kwezi cyangwa rimwe mu mezi atatu.

Uko inzira unyuramo yaba imeze kose,komeza utumbire ku ntego n’ubwo waba unyura mu bintu by’urucantege bishobora kubaho.Amatorero yo mu Ngo agizwe n’abantu, kandi abantu bajya bateza ibibazo.Ntubireke ngo ubivemo.

Hari amahirwe macye cyane yo kugira ngo abanyetorero bawe bose uko bakabaye bajye mu matorero yo mu Ngo, ubwo rero ugomba kumenya igihe wowe ubwawe uzafatira icyemezo cyo kwiyegurira itorero ryo mu rugo cyangwa amatorero menshi yo mu Ngo ukareka idini. Uwo uzaba ari umunsi ukomeye kuri wowe!

Itorero Nyaryo

(The Ideal Church)

Mbese umupastori w’itorero ryo mu rugo ashobora kugaragara mu maso y’Imana ko ari we wageze ku ntego kurusha umupastori w’itorero rini cyane rya rutūra (mega-church) rifite urusengero rungana umusozi wose kandi riteraniramo ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abantu buri Cyumweru? Yego, niba ari mu kugwiza abigishwa bagandūka kandi bahindura abandi abigishwa, bakurikiza urugero rwa Yesu,atari ukurundānya gusa ihene zo mu buryo bw’umwuka buri Cyumweru ngo zize kwirebera konseri (concert) no kumva disikuru y’amagambo yagizwe matagatifu n’uturongo duke twa Bibiliya natwo turimo gutandukīra.

Umupastori uhisemo gukurikiza uburyo bw’itorero ryo mu rugo ntazigera agira itorero rinini rimwitirirwa.Nyamara uko imyaka izagenda itambuka azera imbuto zihoraho uko abigishwa be na bo bazagenda bahindura abandi abigishwa. Abapastori benshi b’amatorero “mato” y’abantu nka 40 cyangwa 50 bakirwanira kubona abandi benshi bari bakwiriye guhindura imitekerereze yabo. Amatorero yabo n’ubu ashobora kuba ari manini cyane. Ahari wenda bari bakwiriye kurekeraho gusengera kubaka urusengero runini kurutaho ahubwo bagasengera abantu bashingwa kuyobora andi matorero abiri mashya yo mu rugo. (Nyamuneka ibyo nibimara kuba ntugahite uha izina idini ryawe rishya, ngo nawe uhite wiyita musenyeri/umwepiskopi [“bishop”!] )

Dukwiriye kurandura burundu imitekerereze ivuga ko uko itorero rirushaho kuba rinini ari na ko riba rirushijeho kuba ryiza.Ubundi tugendeye neza ku buyobozi bwa Bibiliya, itorero rifite abayoboke amagana y’indorerezi zitigeze zitozwa kuba abigishwa ziteranira mu nyubako zihambaye zabugenewe, iryo si itorero. Hagize nk’umwe mu ntumwa za mbere za Yesu ugaruka agasura amatorero-dini yo muri iki gihe yakumirwa cyane!

Icyanyuma tutemeranyaho

(A Final Objection)

Bikunze kuvugwa ko mu bihugu by’i Bulayi n’Amerika aho Ubukristo bwamaze kuba umuco abantu badashobora kwemera na rimwe igitekerezo cyo kugira ngo amatorero ajye ateranira mu Ngo. Nuko rero bakavuga ko tugomba kuguma mu mikorere y’amatorero-dini.

Ubwa mbere,ibi si ukuri kuko amatorero yo mu Ngo arimo ariyongera cyane muri ibyo bihugu.

Ubwa kabiri, ubusanzwe abantu bishimira guteranira mu Ngo mu bihe by’iminsi mikuru, gusangira ibyokurya, gusābāna, kwiga inyigisho za Bibiliya n gusengera mu maselire yo mu Ngo (home cell groups).Kwakira igitekerezo cy’itorero ryo mu rugo bifata akanya gato cyane ko guhindura imitekerereze.

Ubwa gatatu, ni byo koko abanyedini, “ihene zo mu buryo bw’umwuka,” ntibazigera bemera icyo gitekerezo cy’amatorero yo mu Ngo. Nta narimwe bashobora gukora ikintu cyatuma abaturanyi babo babibazaho. Ariko abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu Kristo bemera rwose iby’itorero ryo mu rugo bakimara gusobanukirwa icyo Bibiliya ibivugaho. Bihuta gusobanukirwa ukuntu inyubako z’insengero zitari ngombwa mu guhindura abantu abigishwa.Niba ushaka kubaka itorero rinini wubakishije “ibiti, cyangwa ibyatsi cyangwa ibikenyeri”(1 Kor. 3:12), ukeneye inyubako y’urusengero, ariko ku iherezo byose bizashya. Ariko niba ushaka kugwiza abigishwa n’abahindura abandi abigishwa,ukubaka itorero rya Yesu Kristo wubakishije “izahabu, cyangwa ifeza cyangwa amabuye y’igiciro cyinshi,” ntugomba gupfusha ubusa amafaranga n’imbaraga ku nyubako.

Ivugabutumwa rikomeye cyane mu isi muri iki gihe ryitwa “back to Jerusalem” (Inzira isubira i Yerusalemu) ryahagurukijwe n’abenegihugu kavukire b’amatorero yo mu Ngo mu Bushinwa, biratangaje kureba uburyo bakoresha mu kubwiriza ubutumwa bya bihugu byo mu karere kiswe “the 10/40 window”(ducishishirije twavuga ko ari idirishya10/40. Ni akarere kiganjemo ibihugu by’abayisilamu, abahindu n’ababuda).Baravuga bati, “Ntidukeneye kugira urusengero na rumwe twubaka ahantu na hamwe!Ibyo bituma ubutumwa bwiza bukwirakwizwa mu buryo bwihuse, bikomerera ubutegetsi kubivumbura,kandi bituma ubushobozi bwose dufite buharirwa umurimo w’ivugabutumwa.”[9] Kandi koko ubwo ni uburyo bw’ubwenge Bibiliya yigisha bukwiriye gukurikizwa!

 

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[1] Reba “Jesus on Money(Yesu ku birebana n’amafaranga)” ku rubuga rwa interineti www.shepherdserve.org. mu gice kitwa Biblical Topic(Insanganyamatsiko za muri Bibiliya

[2] N’ubwo byumvikana nko gukabya, ariko impamvu imwe rukumbi ifatika ituma hagomba kubakwa insengero ni ibura ry’abakozi b’Imana bayobora amatorero mato yo mu Ngo, kandi ibyo bituruka ku kubura gutozwa kuba abigishwa kw’abantu bakavuyemo abakozi b’Imana bari mu matorero-dini. Ese birashoboka ko abapasitori b’amatorero manini bariho urubanza rwo kuvutsa uburenganzira bwo gukora umurimo abapasitori babihamagariwe n’Imana bicaye muri ayo matorero yabo? Yego.

[3] Umupasitori umwe ku bigishwa icumi cyangwa makumyabiri ni byo byari bikwiye dukurikije urugero rwa Yesu muri Bibiliya atoza abagabo cumi na babiri kuba abigishwa cyangwa Mose ashyiraho umucamanza kuri buri bantu icumi (reba Kuva 18:25).Abapasitori benshi b’amatorero bayoboye abantu benshi cyane barenze abo bafitiye ubushobozi bwo gutoza kuba abigishwa koko bonyine nta we ubafashije.

[4] Twakagombye no kwibaza impamvu muri Bibiliya ntaho dusanga ngo “pastori mukuru (senior pastors),” “pastori wungirije (associate pastors)” cyangwa “pastori ufasha pastori mukuru (assistant pastors)”. Twongere tuvuge ko aya mazina y’ibyubahiro asa n’ahawe agaciro cyane mu itorero ry’iki gihe bitewe n’imiterere yaryo Atari ngombwa mu itorero rya mbere na none bitewe n’imiterere yaryo.Itorero ryo mu rugo ry’abantu makumyabiri ntirikeneye abashumba bakuru, n’abungirije, n’ababafasha.

[5] Abapastori benshi ntibajya baba na rimwe intyoza mu kuvuga, n’ubwo baba barahamagawe n’Imana, ndetse bakaba ari abagaragu beza ba Kristo. Mbese mu by’ukuri koko, umuntu yaba arengereye cyane avuze ko akenshi cyangwa se tuvuge rimwe na rimwe, inyigisho (sermons) z’abapastori usanga zibishye? Icyo umuhanga umwe mu by’amatorero yise “kurebera umuntu ku bilometero” kiramenyerewe cyane ku bakristo bicara mu materaniro. Nyamara kandi abo bapastori bataba intyoza iyo bigisha usanga ari abantu bazi kuganira cyane iyo baganira n’abandi, kandi nta na rimwe uwo baganira yumva arambiwe. Icyo ni cyo gituma imyigishirize yo kuganira ikoreshwa mu matorero yo mu Ngo iba myiza cyane igashimisha. Icyo gihe ntumenya n’ukuntu amasaha yiruka; bitandukanye cyane n’ibyo tujya tubona mu nsengero abantu bakomeza buri kanya kureba ku masaha ku maboko yabo barambiwe inyigisho. Abapastori b’amatorero yo mu Ngo ntibagira impungenge zo kurambira abantu.

[6] Imwe mu nsobanuro nkunda zisobanura ijambo ibisazi ni iyi: Gukora ikintu kimwe mu buryo bumwe ugasubiramo incuro nyinshi wizera kugenda ubona umusaruro w’uburyo butandukanye. Abapastori bashobora kumara imyaka n’imyaka bigisha ko guhindura abantu abigishwa ari inshingano ya buri mukristo, ariko niba batagize icyo bakora ngo bahindure imikorere n’imiterere y’inyigisho, abantu bazakomeza bajye baza bicare, bumve, nibarangiza bitahire. Yemwe bapastori, nimukomeza gukora ibintu bitashoboye guhindura abantu mu gihe cyashize ntibazashobora guhindura abo mu gihe kizaza.Nimuhindure ibyo murimo mukora!

[7] Birumvikana ko impamvu ya mbere ituma abapastori barwanya iki gitekerezo ari uko ari ubwami bwabo baba bubaka, ntabwo ari ubwami bw’Imana.

[8] Nzi neza ko hari abavuga ko ibitangaza by’Umwuka Wera byakorwaga mu kinyajana cya mbere gusa kandi bakavuga yuko byarangiriye aho.Bati ubwo rero nta mpamvu yo gushakisha ibyabaga mu itorero rya mbere, kandi kuvuga mu ndimi ntacyo bikimaze. Numva ngiriye impuhwe bene abo bantu twagereranya n’Abasadukayo bo muri iki gihe. Jye nk’umuntu wahimbaje Imana kenshi mu rurimi rw’Ikiyapani nk’uko abantu bazi urwo rurimi banyumvise mvuga mu ndimi babimbwiraga, kandi ntaho nigeze niga Ikiyapani, nsobanukiwe cyane ko Umwuka Wera atigeze arekeraho gutanga izo mpano. Kandi ntangazwa n’ukuntu abo Basadukayo bacyemeza ko Umwuka Wera agikora ku mitima y’abanyabyaha akabemeza ibyaha byabo maze akabahindura ibyaremwe bishya, ariko bakavuga ko Umwuka Wera adashobora gukora ibitangaza birenze ahongaho. Bene iyo “tewologiya”ikomoka ku kutizera no kutumvira kwa kimuntu, nta shingiro ifite mu Byanditswe Byera, kandi rwose irwanya intego y’Imana. Ni ubwigomeke butaziguye kuri Kristo dukurikije ibyo Pawulo yanditse mu 1 Kor. 14:37.

[9] Brother Yun, Back to Jerusalem (“Inzira isubira i Yersalemu”), p. 58.

Kumara imyaka myinshi kandi mu buryo bwinshi butandukanye, nagendeye mu bujiji nkora ibintu byarwanyaga intego Imana yashakaga ko nkurikirana, intego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Ariko buhoro buhoro nza kugirirwa ubuntu Umwuka Wera agenda amfungura amaso ngo mbone amakosa yanjye. Ikintu kimwe nize ni iki: Nkwiye gushishoza murikiwe n’umucyo w’Ijambo ry’Imana ngasuzuma ibyo nari narigishijwe byose n’ibyo nari narizeye byose.Nta kintu kirusha ibindi byose kuduhuma amaso ku byo Yesu yavuze nk’imigenzo yacu. Aho bibera bibi cyane ni uko usanga twishimira/twiratana cyane imigenzo yacu, tukumva neza tudashidikanya ko ari twe bantu basobanukiwe ukuri kurusha abandi bakristo. Nk’uko umwigisha umwe yigeze kuvuga mu buryo bwo kunegura ati, “Hari amatorero afite imyizerere itandukanye(denominations) agera ku bihumbi 32 mu isi muri iki gihe.Mbese wumva udahiriwe kuba wowe uri umuyoboke w’itorero ry’ukuri?”

Nk’ingaruka z’ubwirasi bwacu,Imana iraturwanya kuko irwanya abibone.Niba dushaka kugira aho tugera kandi tukaba twiteguye neza kuzahagarara imbere ya Yesu, tugomba kwicisha bugufi.Abameze batyo, Imana ibagirira ubuntu.

Turebe Uruhare rwa Pastori

(The Role of the Pastor Considered)

Intego yo guhindura abantu abigishwa ku mukozi w’Imana yakagombye kuba ari yo iha umurongo ibindi byose akora mu murimo w’Imana.Yakagombye gukomeza kujya yibaza ati, “Mbese ibyo nkora biriho birashyigikira bite umurimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa bazumvira amategeko ya Yesu yose?” Icyo kibazo cyo kwisuzuma cyoroheje, iyo kibazanyijwe umutima utaryarya, gikuraho imirimo myinshi ijya ikorwa yitwa ko ari iy’Imana.

Reka turebe umurimo w’umwungeri/umukuru w’itorero/umwepiskopi,[1]umuntu inshingano ze ziba ari izo mu itorero ry’ahantu runaka.Aramutse ashatse guhindura abantu abigishwa bitondera amategeko ya Yesu yose, inshingano ze z’ibanze zaba izihe? Kwigisha ni byo bihera ko biza mu bitekerezo. Yesu yavuze ko guhindura abantu abigishwa ari ukubigisha (reba Mat. 28:19-20). Igisabwa umuntu ugomba kuba umukuru w’itorero/umwungeri/umwepiskopi ni uko aba “afite ubwenge bwo kwigisha” (1 Tim. 3:2). “Abarushywa no kuvuga ijambo ry’Imana no kwigisha”bakwiriye”guhabwa icyubahiro incuro ebyiri”(1 Tim. 5:17).

Ku bw’ibyo,umupastori aba akwiye gusuzuma inyigisho yose ari bwigishe yibaza iki kibazo, “Iyi nyigisho iri bufashe ite mu gusohoza inshingano yo guhindura abantu abigishwa?”

Mbese inshingano yo kwigisha ya pastori, ayuzuza gusa ku cyumweru cyangwa mu minsi y’imibyizi igihe bateranye?Niba yibwira ko ari uko bikorwa gusa, aba yirengagije ko ibyanditswe byera bivuga ko inshingano ye yo kwigisha isohorezwa mbere na mbere mu mibereho ye, imyifatire ye, n’urugero atanga imbere y’abamureba. Urugero atanga mu mibereho ye ya buri munsi ni ko kwigisha, ibindi byo kwigisha abwiriza mu ruhame biza ari inyongera gusa. Ni cyo giyuma abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepisikopi icyo baba basabwa cyane ni ibijyanye n’imico n’imyifatire kurusha kuba intyoza mu kuvuga. Mu bintu cumi na bitanu umwepisikopi agomba kuba yujuje biri muri 1 Timoteyo 3:1-7, cumi na bine ni ibijyanye n’imico n’ingeso, kimwe gusa ni cyo kivuga ku by’ubushobozi bwo kwigisha. Muri cumi n’umunani bisabwa abakuru b’itorero muri Tito 1:5-9, cumi na birindwi bivuga ku myifatire, kimwe gusa ni cyo kivuga ku bushobozi bwo kwigisha. Pawulo yabanje kwibutsa Timoteyo ati,”Ube icyitegererezo cy’abizera ku byo uvuga, no ku ngeso zawe no ku rukundo, no ku kwizera” (1 Tim. 4:12). Hanyuma aravuga ati, “Kugeza aho nzazira ujye ugira umwete wo gusoma no guhugura no kwigisha” (1 Tim. 4:13). Nuko rero Timoteyo kuba icyitegererezo mu ngeso no mu myifatire biza mbere y’umurimo we wo kwigishiriza mu materaniro, bigasobanura ko ibyo by’ingeso ari byo bifite agaciro kanini.

Petero yanditse ibisa n’ibyo ati:

Aya magambo ndayahuguza abakuru b’itorero bo muri mwe, kuko nanjye ndi umukuru mugenzi wanyu, n’umugabo wo guhamya imibabaro ya kristo kandi mfatanije namwe ubwiza buzahishurwa. Muragire umukumbi w’Imana wo muri mwe mutawurinda nk’abahatwa, ahubwo muwurinde mubikunze nk’uko Imana ishaka atari ku bwo kwifuza indamu mbi, ahubwo ku bw’umutima ukunze kandi mudasa n’abatwaza igitugu abo mwagabanijwe, ahubwo mube ibyitegererezo by’umukumbi (1 Pet. 5:1-3).

Ni nde uduteramo umutima wo kwiyanga tukagandukira Kristo? Mbese ni ba bandi dutangarira inyigisho zabo cyangwa ni ba bandi dutangarira imibereho yabo? Abapastori batamaramaje, b’akazuyazi nta muntu bashobora gutuma yikorera umusaraba we. Iyo rimwe na rimwe bene abo bapastori bigishije ku byo kwiyegurira Kristo, biba ngombwa ko bigisha bavugira muri rusange ibintu bidasobanutse neza, naho ubundi ababateze amatwi babagiraho akabazo bakibaza niba ibyo bigisha bo ubwabo babyizera. Abenshi mu bakozi b’Imana bakomeye bamenyekanye mu bihe byatambutse ntibibukirwa ku kubwiriza kwabo, ahubwo bibukirwa ku bitambo bikomeye batanze mu buzima bwabo. Imibereho yabo ikomeza kutubera icyitegererezo bo barigendeye kera.

Iyo umupastori adatanga icyitegererezo cyo kumvira nk’umwigishwa nyakuri wa Yesu Kristo, aba atakaza igihe cye yigisha. Pastori we, urugero utanga mu myifatire yawe biravuga bigatera ijwi hejuru cyane incuro cumi kurusha ibyo wigisha. Mbese waba utera abantu gushaka kwiyanga bagakurikira Kristo bitewe n’uko nawe wiyanga ugakurikira Kristo?

Ariko se koko umupastori yashobora ate kwigisha abantu, mu buryo bw’urugero atanga mu mibereho ye, kandi abo bantu bamubona ku cyumweru gusa ahagaze imbere yabo ababwiriza? Igihe bamwegera cyane bakabonana na we amaso ku maso ni akanya katageze no ku munota umwe bahana ibiganza basuhuzanya by’umugenzo basohoka mu rusengero. Birashoboka ko hari ibitagenda neza mu buryo bw’imikorere y’abapastori b’iki gihe.

Ubutumwa bwo ku Cyumweru mu Gitondo

(The Weekly Sunday Morning Sermon)

Umupastori aba yongeye kwibeshya iyo yibwira ko inshingano ye yo kwigisha ari mbere na mbere kubwiriza mu materaniro ya buri Cyumweru. Ntabwo umurimo wa Yesu wo kwigisha wari ushingiye gusa ku kwigishiriza mu ruhame (biranagaragara ko akenshi yigishaga umwanya muto), ahubwo wari unashingiye ku biganiro yagiranaga n’abigishwa be biherereye bagatangira kumubaza ibibazo. Kandi ibyo biganiro ntibyari iby’igice cy’isaha gusa umunsi umwe mu cyumweru ku rusengero, ahubwo byaberaga ku nkengero z’inyanja, mu ngo, cyangwa se bagenda mu mihanda y’umukungugu, Yesu ari mu buzima bwe busanzwe imbere y’abigishwa be bitegereza uko abaho.Intumwa zakurikije ubwo buryo bwo kwigisha. Nyuma ya Pantekote, ba bandi cumi na babiri iminsi yose bigishirizaga “mu rusengero n’iwabo” (Ibyak. 5:42).Buri munsi bashyikiranaga n’abizera. Pawulo na we yigishirizaga “imbere ya rubanda no mu ngo z’abantu rumwe rumwe” (Ibyakozwe 20:20).

Aha rero, niba uri umupastori, ushobora kugereranya uko ukora umurimo wo kwigisha n’uko Yesu n’intumwa za mbere bigishaga. Ahari ushobora no kuba utangiye kwibaza niba ibyo wajyaga ukora ari byo Imana ishaka ko ukora, cyangwa se uriho urakomeza gukurikiza gusa ibyo wasanze by’imigenzo itorero rimaze imyaka amagana rigenderamo? Niba utangiye kwibaza ni byiza. Ni byiza cyane.Iyo ni intambwe ya mbere igana mu cyerekezo nyacyo.

Ushobora no kuba watekereje ukarenga aho.Ahari wibajije uti, “Mbese umwanya ungana utyo umurimo nk’uwo usaba nawukura he, nigisha abantu urugo ku rundi, cyangwa se mbana na bo mu buzima bwanjye bwa buri munsi kugira ngo mbigishe mu kubabera icyitegererezo?” Icyo rero ni ikibazo cyiza cyane, kuko gishobora gutuma ukomeza kujya wibaza nib anta n’ibindi bitagenda mu byerekeranye n’uko umurimo w’umupastori wumvikana cyangwa ufatwa muri iki gihe.

Wenda ushobora no kuba wibwiye uti, “Ndumva ndashaka kubaho negeranye cyane n’abakristo bo mu itorero ryanjye bene ako kageni. Mu ishuri rya Bibiliya bambwiye ko umupastori atagomba na rimwe kwegerana ngo amenyerane cyane n’abakristo.Agomba kutabimenyereza cyane kugira ngo icyubahiro bamwubaha kitazagabanuka.Ntabwo agomba kubagira incuti cyane.”

Bene icyo gitekerezo kirerekana ko hari ibintu koko bigenda nabi cyane mu mikorere y’itorero ry’iki gihe. Yesu we yari yegeranye cyane na ba bandi cumi na babiri be ku buryo ndetse umwe muri bo yajyaga yisanzura cyane kuri akamuryama mu gituza bari ku meza bafungura (reba Yohana 13:23-25). Babanye na we rwose bagendana kumara imyaka myinshi. Babanye begeranye cyane ku buryo bya bindi ngo byo kutegerana n’abayoboke bawe ngo kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yawe batabigendeyemo!

Kugereranya imikorere, Iya Kera n’iy’Ubu

(A Comparison of Methods, Ancient and Modern)

Mbese niba intego ari ukumvira Yesu tugahindura abantu abigishwa,uwaba umunyabwenge si uwakurikiza uburyo Yesu yakoreshaga mu guhindura abantu abigishwa?Iyo mikorere ye yatumye agera ku ntego neza.Kandi n’intumwa zaramukurikije bizigendera neza cyane.

None se imikorere y’iki gihe yo iriho irafasha ite mu guhindura abantu abigishwa bumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose?Niba ubushakashatsi bukorwa ku bakristo b’Abanyamerika, bukomeza kwerekana ko rwose iyo ugereranije imibereho y’abakristo n’abatari abakristo usanga imyifatire yabo nta tandukaniro, ngira ngo igihe cyari kigeze cy’uko twagira ibibazo twibaza kandi tukongera tukareba icyo ibyanditswe byera bivuga.

Dore ikibazo tugomba kwibaza: Mbese itorero rya mbere ryabigenje rite kugira ngo rishobore gutunganya neza cyane uwo murimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa, nta nyubako z’insengero bafite, nta ntiti zaminuje mu by’iyobokamana, nta mashuri ya Bibiliya, nta bitabo by’indirimbo, nta korana-buhanga rya za porojegiteri (overhead projectors), nta za mikro zidafite imigozi (wireless microphones)n’ibyuma bifata amajwi kuri za kaseti (tape duplicators), nta gahunda zateguwe z’inyigisho zo ku cyumweru n’inyigisho z’urubyiruko, nta matsinda y’abaramya n’amakorali, nta byuma kabuhariwe (computer) cyangwa imashini zo gukora amafotokopi, nta maradiyo ya gikristo na za televiziyo, nta bihumbi n’ibihumbi by’ibitabo bya gikristo nk’ibyo tubona mu nzu zigurishirizwamo ibitabo muri iki gihe, yewe nta n’utunze Bibiliya ye bwite? Ibyo byose ntibari babikeneye ngo babone guhindura abantu abigishwa; kandi na Yesu ntiyigeze abikenera. Kandi kuko ibyo byose nta na kimwe cyari ngombwa icyo gihe, n’ubu ibyo byose ntabwo biri ngombwa. Yego wenda hari icyo byafasha, ariko nta na kimwe muri byo kiri ngombwa ngo kitabonetse nta cyakorwa. Kandi mu by’ukuri ibyinshi muri ibyo bishobora kutubera n’inzitizi,ndetse ahubwo byatubereye inzitizi, mu guhindura abantu abigishwa.Reka mbahe ingero ebyiri.

Reka tubanze turebe ibyo muri iki gihe bavuga ko amatorero akwiye kuba ayobowe gusa n’abapastori babyigiye mu mashuri ya Bibiliya na za seminari.Igitekerezo nk’icyo nticyakigeze kibaho kuri Pawulo. Mu mijyi imwe n’imwe, iyo yabaga amaze gushinga amatorero, yarayasigaga akagenda akamara nk’ibyumweru cyangwa amezi make, akagaruka gushyiraho abakuru b’itorero bayayobora (reba, urugero, Ibyak. 13:14-14:23). Ibyo bisobanuye ko, ubwo Pawulo yabaga yagiye adahari, ayo matorero yamaraga ibyumweru ndetse n’amezi nta buyobozi buzwi bwashyizweho afite, kandi n’abo bakuru b’itorero bashyirwagaho kuyobora, na bo ubwabo mu by’ukuri babaga bakiri bato mu kwizera. Nta cyo babaga bafite kigize aho gihuriye n’ishuri ry’imyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu ryabategurira gukora uwo murimo.

Nuko rero, Bibiliya yigisha ko atari ngombwa ko abapastori/abakuru b’itorero/abepiskopi babanza kumara imyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu mu ishuri ryabigenewe ngo bashobore gukora umurimo wabo neza. Ibyo nta muntu utekereza neza wabijyamo impaka.Nyamara muri iki gihe ubutumwa bukomeza guhabwa abakristo ku byerekeranye ni ibisabwa ngo umuntu yemerwe buravuga ngo: “Niba ushaka kuba umukozi w’Imana, umuyobozi mu itorero, ugomba kumara imyaka myinshi mu ishuri ryemewe.”[2] Ibyo bidindiza umuvuduko wo kugwiza abayobozi, ari na ko ubwo bidindiza umurimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa, bityo bikadindiza gukura kw’itorero. Nibaza ukuntu amasosiyete y’Abanyamerika y’ubucuruzi akomeye Avon na Amway aba yarashoboye kwigarurira amasoko y’ahantu biyemeje gukorera, iyo barinda kujya babanza gusaba buri mukozi wabo wese ugiye kubacururiza, kubanza kwimuka n’umuryango we bakajya mu wundi mujyi, akabanza akigishwa neza mu ishuri kumara imyaka itatu bakabona kumwemerera kujya gutangira kubacururiza amasabuni cyangwa amavuta ahumura cyane/umubavu (perfume)?

“Ariko kuyobora itorero ni ikintu kitoroshye ni umurimo ukomeye cyane !” Ni ko bamwe bavuga. “Bibiliya ivuga ko tudakwiye guha inshingano yo kuba umwepisikopi umuntu uhindutse umukristo vuba” (reba 1 Tim. 3:6).

Mbere na mbere, tugomba kubanza kwibaza uhindutse umukristo vuba icyo bivuga, kandi biragaragara ko uko tubyumva bitandukanye n’uko Pawulo yabyumvaga, kuko we yahaga abantu inshingano zo kuba abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepisikopi bamaze amezi make gusa bizeye.

Ubwa kabiri, impamvu kuyobora itorero ry’iki gihe biruhije cyane, ni uko imiterere n’imikorere y’itorero itakigize aho ihuriye n’itorero mu buryo bwa Bibiliya. Twarihinduye ikintu giteye ukundi kigoye koko ku buryo abantu mbarwa, b’ibihangange bidasanzwe (super-human) ari bo bonyine bashobora kuzuza ibyo rishaka!

Abandi na bo bati, “Imana iturinde ko itorero ryayoborwa n’umuntu utaraciye mu ishuri rya Bibiliya cyangwa mu iseminari izwi!” “Uwo mwepisikopi udafite amashuri yize yayobya umukumbi akawugusha mu nyigisho z’ibinyoma !”

Biragaragara ko icyo atari cyo cyari gihangayikishije Pawulo. Ikibigaragaza ni uko dufite abayobozi b’amatorero bize amashuri ya Bibiliya na za seminari batizera ko Yesu yabyawe n’inkumi yari ikiri isugi, bemera imibonano mpuza bitsina no gushakana ku bantu bahuje ibitsina(homosexuality), bigisha ko Imana ishaka ko buri wese atunga imodoka ihenze cyane, bavuga yuko hari abantu Imana yandikiye kuzarimbuka, cyangwa bakavuga badafite ipfunwe ko umuntu ashobora kujya mu ijuru atumvira amategeko ya Kristo. Amashuri ya Bibiliya na za seminari by’iki gihe kenshi na kenshi byagiye biteza imbere inyigisho z’ibinyoma, kandi n’abo bayobozi b’amatorero bize amashuri bagiye barushaho gushimangira izo nyigisho.

Abanyetorero “basanzwe” batinya kubacyaha kuko izo ntiti ziba zariteguranye ibyanditswe “bishyigikira” izo nyigisho zabo z’ibinyoma, maze kujya na bo impaka bikaba ingora bahizi. Ikindi kandi abo banyamadini icyo bakora ni ukwivangura bagatandukanya amatorero yabo n’abandi bagize umubiri wa Kristo bitewe n’inyigisho zabo zihariye, kugeza n’aho bamamaza iyo mitandukanire mu mazina yabo bashyira ku rwinjiriro rw’insengero zabo, batanga ubutumwa nk’ubu ngo: “Twe ntitumeze nk’abo bakristo bandi bose.” Nk’aho igikomere bateye kidahagije bakongeraho ikindi cyo kuvuga yuko umuntu wese utemeranya na bo kuri izo nyigisho zabo zica ibice mu itorero ari “uca ibice.” Itoteza riracyariho cyane, kandi rihagarikiwe n’abantu bafite impamya-bushobozi bakuye muri ayo mashuri ya Bibiliya.Mbese uru ni rwo rugero Yesu yifuza ko rutangwa n’abagakwiriye kuba ari bo bahindura abantu abigishwa, ndetse bazwi mu isi nk’abarangwa n’ikimenyetso cyo gukundana?

Ubu abakristo basigaye bahitamo amatorero bajyamo bashingiye ku nyigisho runaka ayo matorero yigisha; kandi kugira inyigisho nzima bisigaye bihabwa agaciro cyane kurusha kugira imyifatire mizima, byose bitewe n’uko hatagikurikizwa uburyo bwa Bibiliya.

Uburyo bwa Bibiliya

(A Biblical Alternative)

Mbese icyo ndarwanira ni uko umuntu umaze amezi atatu akijijwe yegurirwa inshingano yo kuyobora amatorero (nk’uko Pawulo yabigiraga)? Yego, ariko gusa igihe uwo muntu yujuje ibisabwa abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi, kandi akaba ashingwa gusa kuyobora amatorero ameze nk’uko Bibiliya ivuga itorero.Ni ukuvuga ko, mbere na mbere ayo matorero agomba kuba ari amateraniro mashya ari bwo agitangizwa, akaba ari munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’umukozi w’Imana ukuze mu by’umwuka, nk’intumwa, ushobora kuyaha icyerekezo.[3] Muri ubwo buryo ntabwo abakuru b’itorero bahawe inshingano baba bari bonyine.

Ubwa kabiri, ayo matorero agomba kuba ari mato bihagije ku buryo ashobora guteranira mu ngo z’abantu, nk’uko amatorero ya mbere yabigenzaga.[4] Ibyo bituma amatorero yoroha kuyobora.Wenda ni cyo gituma kimwe mu byo abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi basabwa ari ukuba ari abantu bategeka neza abo mu rugo rwabo (reba 1 Tim. 3:4-5).Kuyobora “urugo ruto rw’abizera”ntibigoye kurusha kuyobora umuryango.

Ubwa gatatu,iryo torero rigomba kuba rigizwe n’abantu bihannye bamaze kumva ubutumwa bwiza bwa Bibiliya, kandi bakaba ari abigishwa nyakuri b’Umwami Yesu Kristo. Ibyo bituma hatabaho ibibazo bijya bivuka mu kugerageza kuragira umukumbi wibwira ko ari intama uragiye kandi mu by’ukuri ari ihene.

Hanyuma ubwa kane,abapastori/abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi bagomba gukurikiza Bibiliya mu gukora umurimo wabo aho gukurikiza uko basanze bikorwa. Ni ukuvuga ko batagomba kuba ari bo baba kāmara ngo ibintu byose bikorwa abe ari we bishingiraho, yaba adahari ntihagire igikorwa, nk’uko bigenda mu matorero menshi y’iki gihe.[5] Ahubwo bagomba kuba ari bamwe mu ngingo zigize umubiri wose, abagaragu bicisha bugufi bigisha mu bikorwa no mu magambo, kandi intego yabo ikaba ari uguhindura abantu abigishwa, atari mu kuba intyoza mu kuvuga ku cyumweru mu gitondo, ahubwo mu gukurikiza uburyo Yesu yabigenzaga.

Iyo ibyo bikurikijwe, umuntu umaze amezi nk’atatu akijijwe yayobora itorero.

Inyubako z’Insengero

(Church Buildings)

Iby’insengero byo bimeze bite? Icyo na cyo ni ikindi kintu cyabaye “icya ngombwa cyane” itorero rya mbere ritari rikeneye ngo rikore inshingano zaryo.Mbese hari icyo insengero zifasha mu guhindura abantu abigishwa?

Nkiri pastori,akenshi numvaga meze nk’aho ndi umuntu ushinzwe iby’amazu; kuyubaka no kuyagurisha (realtor), umunyabanki se, rwiyemezamirimo, cyangwa umuntu uzobereye cyane mu byo gukusanya amafaranga (professional fundraiser).Narotaga nubaka, nirutse inyuma y’inyubako, navuguruye amazu, narakodesheje, nubatse ibishyashya, narasannye igihe Imana yabaga yohereje imvura igaca ahatobotse no mu mitūtu.Kubaka bitwara igihe kinini n’imbaraga nyinshi. Igituma nahirimbanaga cyane muri ibyo by’inyubako, ni uko numvaga, nk’abandi bapastori hafi ya bose, ko gukomera kw’itorero bidashoboka nta rusengero, ntaho abakristo bateranira.

Inyubako kandi zitwara amafaranga atagira uko angana,(Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, amatorero amwe ashyira miliyoni nyinshi z’amadolari ku nyubako z’insengero zabo). Maze gusohoza inzozi zanjye zo kugira amazu, kenshi narotaga umunsi bazaduheraho inguzanyo zituruka kuri ayo mazu yanjye natanzeho ingwate, kugira ngo ayo mafaranga yose tuyakoreshe mu murimo w’Imana. Igihe kimwe ndiho nigisha ku byerekeranye no gukoresha umutungo neza no kutagira imyenda, nasubije amaso inyuma nsanga namaze gushyira itorero ryose mu myenda/amadeni! (Nta gushidikanya ko narimo ndatanga urugero.)

Insengero nyinshi usanga zikoreshwa amasaha make rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu cyumweru.Ni uwuhe muryango/ishyirahamwe wundi mu isi wakubaka amazu yo gukoreramo gake cyane nk’uko? (Igisubizo: Keretse nk’amazu baterekereramo cyangwa ibindi bias nk’ibyo byo gukorana n’abadayimoni n’andi madini y’ibinyoma.)

Uwo mwobo unyunyuza amafaranga uteje ibibazo byinshi.Umupastori ufite urusengero ahora akeneye amafaranga, kandi ibyo bigira ingaruka ku byo akora.Ahura n’ikigeragezo cyo gushaka kwita cyane ku bakire (akenshi banatanga atari no kuvuga ko hari icyo barinze kwigomwa), inyigisho zishobora kugira uwo zakomeretsa akagira uko azoroshya akazihindura, akanagoreka ibyanditswe akabisobanura akurikije inyungu ze ashaka kugeraho. Ubutumwa uwo mupastori abwiriza usanga iteka ari ubwo kugira ngo amafaranga akomeze yinjire ntihagire icyayahagarika.Ku bw’ibyo abakristo hari ubwo bageraho bakumva ko ibintu bikuru by’ingenzi ku mukristo ari (1) gutanga icyacumi (nyamara Yesu yavuze ko iryo ari itegeko ryoroheje, mbese ko ibyo ari bito cyane) (2) no kuza guterana mu rusengero (aho ibya cumi bikusanywa buri cyumweru). Ibi ni byo bita guhindura abantu abigishwa. Kandi abapastori benshi barota kugira itorero aho buri muyoboke yaba akora nibura ibyo bintu uko ari bibiri.Hagize umupastori ugira itorero aho kimwe cya kabiri cy’abakristo bakora ibyo bintu byombi, yakwandika ibitabo maze akagurisha ibanga rye ku mamiliyoni y’abandi bapastori!

Ukuri ni uku: Ntaho tubona mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa itorero rigura cyangwa ryubaka inzu y’urusengero. Ikigaragara cyane ni uko buri gihe abizera bateraniraga mu ngo.[6] Nta narimwe bitangishaga amafaranga y’inyubako z’urusengero.Mu nzandiko zose ziri muri Bibiliya nta na hamwe hari amabwiriza yo kubaka urusengero. Byongeye kandi nta n’uwigeze agira igitekerezo cyo kubaka urusengero kugeza itorero rimaze imyaka 300, ubwo itorero ryishyingiraga n’isi igihe cy’itegeko rya Constantin. Imyaka Magana atatu! Tekereza icyo gihe uko kingana!Itorero ryarasagambye riragwira ryikuba incuro nyinshi, yewe no mu gihe cy’itotezwa rikaze, nta nsengero zihari.Ibyo kandi byagiye bikunda kubaho kenshi no mu binyejana byakurikiye.Byarabaye no mu Bushinwa mu bihe bya vuba ahangaha.Kuri ubu mu Bushinwa hashobora kuba hari amatorero yo mu Ngo/Nzu arenga miliyoni.

Saa Tanu z’amanywa Ku Cyumweru ni Isaha y’Ivangura Rikomeye

(Eleven O’Clock Sunday is the Most Segregated Hour)

Insengero zubatse ku buryo bugezweho muri iki gihe zubakwa bigāna ibyo muri Amerika, zigomba kuba ari nini bihagije ku buryo hagabanywamo ibice bitandukanye bigenda biteraniramo ibyiciro bitandukanye by’abantu,bakigishwa hakurikijwe uko imyaka yabo y’ubukure ingana.Nyamara mu itorero rya mbere, nta vangura ryabagaho mu gusenga, ngo usange hari amateraniro y’abagabo, amateraniro y’abagore, n’ay’abana uko ibyiciro by’imyaka yabo bitandukanye.Itorero ryari rimwe mu buryo bwose, ntabwo ryari ricikaguritsemo ibice mu buryo bwose.Ubumwe bw’umuryango bwari bwubahirijwe, kandi inshingano z’ababyeyi mu by’umwuka zashimangirwaga n’imiterere y’itorero, aho kugira ngo itorero abe ari ryo rikuraho inshingano z’ababyeyi ku burezi bw’abana babo mu by’umwuka nk’uko bimeze mu miterere y’itorero ry’iki gihe.

Mbese urusengero rushyigikira igikorwa cyo guhindura abantu abigishwa cyangwa rurakidindiza? Amateka yerekana ko, uko ibinyejana byagiye bikurikirana, guhindura abantu abigishwa byagiye bikorwa neza nta nsengero zihari kurusha igihe zihari, bitewe n’impamvu nyinshi zumvikana.

Guteranira mu rugo, nk’uko itorero rya mbere ryakoraga kumara ibinyejana bitatu bya mbere, abantu bagasangira ifunguro banezerewe, bagasangira ijambo ry’Imana, bakaririmbira hamwe, impano z’umwuka zigakora kandi ibyo bigafata nk’amasaha atatu ane, byatumaga habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gukura mu mwuka nyabyo. Abagize umubiri wa Kristo bumvaga buri wese agomba kugiramo uruhare, dore ko babaga bicaye barebana, bitandukanye n’uko abakristo bameze mu matorero y’iki gihe–baba bicaye nk’indorerezi zaje kureba sinema cyangwa ikinamico, buri wese yicaye inyuma y’undi, agerageza gukora uko ashoboye kugira ngo umutwe wa mugenzi we utamubuza kwirebera neza ibiryoheye amaso birimo bibera imbere. Uwo mwuka w’ubusabane mu gusangira ku meza watumaga habaho kugendera mu mucyo ntihabe hari ugira utwo ahisha abandi, ugasanga buri wese yitaye kuri mugenzi we koko,kandi hari ubusabane nyakuri butandukanye cyane n’ingirwa-busabane y’iki gihe, aho usanga icyitwa ubusabane ari uguhana ibiganza ku bantu batanaziranye na mba,basuhuzanya igihe pastori abisabye.

Inyigisho zabo zabaga zigizwe n’ibihe byo kubaza ibibazo no kubisubiza, kuganira abantu bakajya impaka bakungurana ibitekerezo nk’abantu bari ku rwego rumwe, si bya bindi by’umuntu umwe guhagarara imbere y’abandi akabigisha, yambaye imyambaro yabugenewe, avuga ijwi yahinduye ukundi boshye uri mu ikinamico, ahagaze ahirengeye hejuru y’abantu bamuteze amatwi (akenshi banarambiwe babihiwe) batuje mu kinyabupfura.Abapastori ntibateguraga “ikibwirizwa/inyigisho bazigisha ku cyumweru.” Buri wese (n’abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepisikopi na bo barimo) yakiraga inyigisho Umwuka Wera atanze.

Iyo iteraniro ryakuraga rikaba rinini batagifite aho bakwirwa mu nzu, ntabwo icyo umukuru w’itorero(abakuru b’itorero) yatekerezaga ari ukuntu babona indi nzu nini bakwirwamo bose. Ahubwo buri wese yabaga azi ko ari igihe cyo kwigabanyamo amateraniro abiri yo mu ngo, kikaba ari ikibazo gusa cyo kuyoborwa n’Umwuka kugira ngo bamenye niba ari kwa nde iryo teraniro rishya ryajya rihurira niba kandi ari nde uzajya arihagarikira. Amahirwe ni uko batarindaga kubanza guhamagarira abantu batazi ngo bazane imyirondoro yabo ngo bahamagare n’inzobere mu byo gukura kw’amatorero maze ngo babanze basuzume imitekerereze cyangwa imyizerere yabo; oya ahubwo abepisikopi/abayobozi babaga bari muri bo ubwabo biteguye, akazi barakamenyeye mu kugakora kandi bazi neza abantu bagize umukumbi wab muto bagiye kuzaragira. Iryo torero rishya ryo mu rugo ryabaga ribonye uburyo bwo kujyana ubutumwa ahandi hantu hashya, rikereka abatarakizwa bahatuye abakristo icyo ari cyo–abantu bakundana.Batumiraga abatizera bakaza mu materaniro yabo bitabagoye kuko byabaga ari ukubatumira ngo baze basangire ibyokurya.

Umupastori Uhiriwe

(The Blessed Pastor)

Nta mupastori/umukuru w’itorero/umwepisikopi “wataga umutwe” bitewe n’uko akazi ko kuyobora itorero kamurenze, kandi ibyo ni byo byeze mu matorero y’iki gihe. (Hari ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko abapastori 1800 buri kwezi muri Amerika bata inshingano z’ubushumba bakegura bibananiye) Umupastori rero yabaga afite umukumbi muto gusa agomba kwitaho,abo bantu ayoboye na bo iyo babaga bashoboye kumwitaho bakamumenyera ibimutunga kugira ngo yiyegurire umurimo w’Imana, yagiraga umwanya uhagije wo gusenga, gutekereza ku ijambo ry’Imana, kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza abatarakizwa, gufasha abakene, gusura no gusengera abarwayi, akagira n’igihe gihagije cyo gutoza abigishwa bashya kugira ngo bafatanye na we iyo mirimo yose.Ubuyobozi bw’itorero bwari bworoshye.

Yabaga ahuje umutima kandi afitanye ubumwe n’abandi bakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepisikopi bo mu karere kamwe na we. Nta byo kurwanira kugira “itorero rinini kuruta ayandi yose mu mujyi” byabagaho cyangwa kurushanwa n’abandi bapastori bagenzi be kugira ngo abarushe “inyigisho z’urubyiruko” cyangwa “gahunda y’inyigisho z’abana iryoshye cyane.” Abantu ntibajyanwaga mu materaniro no kujya gutanga amanota ku kuntu abaririmbyi baramije neza,cyangwa uko pastori yashimishije abantu. Babaga baravutse bwa kabiri kandi bakunda Yesu n’abantu be.Bakundaga gusangira amafunguro n’izindi mpano zose Imana yabaga yabahaye.Intego yabo kwari ukumvira Yesu no kwitegurira kuzahagarara imbere y’intebe ye y’urubanza .

Ni byo koko, hari ibibazo byajyaga bibaho mu matorero yo mu rugo, kandi ibyo tubana uko byakemurwaga mu nzandiko zitandukanye.Ariko ibibazo byinshi mu bitajya bibura mu matorero y’ubu bikanatuma hatabaho guhindura abantu abigishwa ntibyari bizwi mu itorero rya mbere, bitewe n’uko gusa imiterere y’itorero ry’icyo gihe yari itandukanye cyane n’uko itorero ryahindutse kuva nyuma y’ikinyejana cya gatatu, mbese kuva mu ntangiriro z’imyaka yiswe iy’umwijima. Reka ibi byinjire neza mu bitekerezo: Kugeza mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya kane nta nsengero zariho.Iyo uza kubaho se muri icyo gihe cy’iyo myaka magana atatu ya mbere, umurimo w’Imana wari kuba ukora icyo gihe wagatandukaniye he n’uko uwukora ubu?

Mu magambo magufi, uko turushaho gukurikiza urugero rwa Bibiliya, ni ko turushaho kugera neza ku ntego y’Imana yo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Inzitizi zikomeye mu guhindura abantu abigishwa mu matorero y’ubu zituruka ku miterere n’imikorere yayo itari iya Bibiliya.

 

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[1] Birasobanutse neza ko umupastori (poimain mu Kigiriki, bisobanura umwungeri) ari cyo kimwe n’umukuru w’itorero (presbuteros mu Kigiriki), kandi ni na cyo kimwe n’umwepisikopi (episkopos mu Kigiriki, abasobanuye Bibiliya ya KJV bise bishop). Urugero, Pawulo yabwiye abakuru b’itorero (presbuteros)rya Efeso, ko bagomba gushumba/kuragira(inshinga ni poimaino mu Kigiriki) umukumbi w’Imana, Umwuka Wera yabashyiriyeho kuba abepisikopi (episkopos)(reba Ibyak. 20:28). Yanakoresheje ayo magambo abakuru b’itorero (presbuteros) n’abepisikopi (episkopos) nk’asobanura kimwe muri Tito 1:5-7. Petero na we, yahuguriye abakuru b’itorero (presbuteros) kuragira (poimaino) umukumbi (reba 1 Pet. 5:1-2). Igitekerezo cy’uko “bishop” (insobanuro y’ijambo episkopos muri Bibiliya KJV) ari urwego rukuru kuri pastori cyangwa umukuru w’itorero kandi ko ari we uba ahagarariye amatorero menshi ni ikintu kihimbiwe n’abantu.

[2] Iby’iki gihe byo kwibanda cyane ku bayobozi b’amatorero babyigiye mu mashuri biragaragaza mu buryo bwinshi ibimenyetso by’uburwayi bukomeye cyane, ari bwo gutekereza ko kwiga cyane umuntu akagira ubumenyi bwinshi ari ko gukura mu mwuka cyane. Twibwira ko umuntu uzi ibintu byinshi aba akuze mu mwuka, nyamara ahubwo ushobora gusanga ari bwo ari hasi cyane mu mwuka, atewe hejuru n’ubwibone bw’ibyo azi byose. Pawulo yaranditse ati, “ubwenge butera kwihimbaza” (1 Kor. 8:1). Kandi rwose umuntu uzamara imyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu atega amatwi inyigisho zikonje/zibishye za buri munsi, aba atozwa kuzajya atanga na we inyigigisho zikonje/zibishye za buri cyumweru!

[3] Mu rwandiko rwa mbere Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo no mu rwo yandikiye Tito avugamo yuko abasize inyuma kugira ngo basigare bashyiraho mu matorero abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi.Nuko rero Timoteyo na Tito bagombaga gusigara baha icyerekezo cy’ubuyobozi abo bakuru b’itorero/bepisikopi kumara igihe runaka. Birashoboka ko bajyaga bagira igihe bagahura n’abo bakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi bakabatoza kuba abigishwa nk’uko pawulo yanditse ati, “Kandi ibyo wanyumvanye imbere y’abahamya benshi, ubimenyeshe abantu bo kwizerwa bazashobora kubyigisha abandi” (2 Tim. 2:2).

[4] reba Ibyak. 2:2, 46; 5:42; 8:3; 12:12; 16:40: 20:20; Rom. 16:5: 1 Kor. 16:19; Kolo 4:15; File 1:2; 2 Yoh 1:10

[5] Umuntu iyo asoma inzandiko za Pawulo abona ko zabaga zandikiwe buri wese mu matorero atandukanye; si abakuru b’itorero cyangwa abepisikopi. Mu nzandiko ze ebyiri gusa ni ho Pawulo avugamo abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepisikopi. Hamwe yabashyize mu bo atashya, yabongeyeho nko kugira ngo ahari batazatekereza ko yabavanguye mu bandi yandikiye (reba Fili. 1:1). Ahandi Pawulo yashyize abapastori ku rutonde rw’abakozi b’Imana bategura abera babaha ubushobozi (reba Ef. 4:11-12). Biranagaragara cyane cyane ukuntu Pawulo atavuga ku nshingano y’abakuru b’itorero iyo atanga amabwiriza amwe n’amwe twibwira ko ubundi yakabaye areba abakuru b’itorero, nk’uburyo bwo gutanga ifunguro ryera no gukemura amakimbirane hagati y’abakristo. Ibi byose birerekana ko abakuru b’itorero/abapastori batari bo kāmara nk’uko bimeze mu matorero y’ubu.

[6] Reba Ibyak. 2:2, 46; 5:42; 8:3; 12:12; 16:40: 20:20; Rom. 16:5: 1 Kor. 16:19; Kolo 4:15; File 1:2; 2 Yohana 1:10

Dukurikije Bibiliya, umwigishwa ni umuntu wizera Umwami Yesu Kristo n’umutima utaryarya, akagendera mu Ijambo rye kandi ibyo bikaba byaramubatuye mu byaha. Umwigishwa ni uwitoza kumvira amategeko ya Kristo, kandi agakunda Yesu kurusha uko akunda umuryango we, kurusha uko akunda kugubwa neza, no kurusha uko akunda umutungo we, kandi urwo rukundo akarugaragariza mu mibereho ye. Abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu barakundana kandi urwo rukundo barwerekanira mu bikorwa. Ubwo baba bera imbuto.[1] Abo ni bo Yesu ashaka.

Birumvikana ko abatari abigishwa ubwabo badashobora no guhindura abandi abigishwa ba Kristo. Ni cyo gituma mbere y’uko tugira umuntu n’umwe tugerageza gushaka guhindura umwigishwa wa Yesu, tugomba kubanza tukamenya tudashidikanya niba twebwe ubwacu turi abigishwa be. Abakozi b’Imana benshi iyo bapimwe ku munzani w’abo Bibiliya yita umwigishwa basanga batuzuye. Nta cyizere cy’uko abakozi b’Imana nk’abo bashobora guhindura abantu abigishwa, mu by’ukuri ntibazigera banabigerageza. Ubwabo ntibiyeguriye Yesu Kristo bihagije ku buryo bakwihanganira ibibazo umuntu ahura na byo mu gihe ahindura abantu abigishwa nyabo.

Uhereye ubu, reka nibwire ko abakozi b’Imana bari bukomeze gusoma, ubwabo ari abigishwa b’Umwami Yesu Kristo,biyemeje rwose kumvira amategeko ye. Niba atari uko, gukomeza gusoma byawe ntacyo bivuze utarafata icyo cyemezo cya ngombwa cyo guhinduka umwigishwa nyawe. Wikomeza gutegereza ikindi gihe! Kubita amavi hasi wihane! Ku bw’ubuntu bwayo butangaje, Imana irakubabarira kandi iguhindure icyaremwe gishya muri Kristo!

Gusobanura bundi bushya kuba umwigishwa icyo ari cyo

N’ubwo Yesu yasobanuye neza cyane umwigishwa icyo ari cyo, abenshi basimbuje iyo nsobanuro iyabo bishyiriyeho. Urugero, kuri bamwe umwigishwa ni ijambo ritumvikana neza rishobora gukoreshwa ku muntu uwo ari we wese uvuga ko ari umukristo. Kuri abo ijambo umwigishwa ryambuwe insobanuro yaryo yose Bibiliya iriha.

Abandi bumva ko kuba umwigishwa ari indi ntambwe ya kabiri uwizera ujya mu ijuru ashobora gutera cyangwa ntayitere bitewe no guhitamo kwe. Bo bizera ko umuntu ashobora kuba ari umukristo ujya mu ijuru ariko kandi ntabe umwigishwa wa Yesu! Bitewe n’uko bikomeye cyane gupfa kwirengagiza ibyanditse muri Bibiliya Yesu ategeka ko umuntu agomba kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa, bigisha ko hari ibyiciro bibiri by’abakristo–abakristo bizera Yesu, n’abigishwa bizera Yesu kandi bamwiyeguriye. Bahereye kuri ibyo, bakunze kuvuga ko abakristo ari benshi ariko abigishwa bakaba bake, nyamara ngo bose barimo barajya mu ijuru.

Iyi nyigisho ihindura ubusa itegeko rya Yesu ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa, ibyo bikaburizamo uwo murimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa. Niba kuba umwigishwa bisaba kwiyanga ukiyegurira Yesu kandi ugaca no mu mibabaro, hanyuma kandi niba kuba umwigishwa ari ikintu wakora ushatse utashaka ukabireka, birumvikana ko umubare munini cyane w’abantu ari abazahitamo kutaba abigishwa, cyane cyane iyo bumva ko bazakirwa mu ijuru nk’abakristo batari abigishwa.

Aha rero hari ibibazo bya ngombwa cyane tugmba kubaza: Mbese Ibyanditswe byera bitubwira ko umuntu ashobora kuba umukristo ujya mu ijuru, ariko ntabe umwigishwa wa Yesu Kristo? Mbese kuba umwigishwa ni intambwe yindi umukristo ashobora gutera biturutse ku bushake bwe yaba atabishaka ntayitere? Mbese hari ibyiciro bibiri by’abakristo: abizera batiyeguriye Kristo, n’abigishwa bamwiyeguriye?

Igisubizo kuri ibyo bibazo byose ni Oya. Nta nahamwe Isezerano Rishya ritubwira ko hari ubwoko bubiri bw’abakristo, abizera n’abigishwa. Iyo umuntu asoma igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, kenshi na kenshi hagaruka ijambo abigishwa, kandi ikigaragara ni uko ridasobanura urundi rwego ruri hejuru rw’abizera biyeguriye Imana kurusha abandi. Uwizeraga Yesu wese yari umwigishwa.[2] Mu by’ukuri, “muri Antiyokiya ni ho abigishwa batangiriye kwitwa Abakristo” (Ibyakozwe 11:26).

Biratangaje kubona ukuntu usanga ijambo mu Kigiriki risobanura umwigishwa (mathetes) urisanga mu Isezerano Rishya incuro 261, nyamara ijambo mu Kigiriki rivuga uwizera (pistos) ukarisangamo incuro icyenda gusa (nk’uko risobanurwa ngo abizera muri Bibiliya yitwa the New American Standard Version). Ijambo mu Kigiriki rivuga Umukristo (Christianos) riboneka incuro eshatu gusa. Ibyo byonyine birahagije kwemeza umuntu ufite umutima utaryarya ushaka kumenya ukuri ko mu itorero rya mbere uwizeraga Yesu wese yakirwaga/yafatwaga nk’umwigishwa we.

Insobanuro ya Yesu

(Jesus’ Commentary)

Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu atigeze atekereza ko kuba umwigishwa ari indi ntambwe ya kabiri abizera bashobora gutera babishatse batabishaka bakarorēra.Bya byangombwa bitatu twasomye muri Luka 14 asaba kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa ntiyabibwirwaga abizera nko kubahamagarira kuzamuka ku rundi rwego mu buryo bwabo bwo kumwiyegurira. Ahubwo ayo magambo yabwirwaga ba bantu bose benshi cyane bari bamuteze amatwi. Kuba umwigishwa ni yo ntambwe ya mbere mu busabane umuntu agirana n’Imana. Byongeye kandi dusoma muri Yohana 8 ngo:

Avuze atyo [Yesu] abantu benshi baramwizera. Nuko Yesu abwira Abayuda bamwemeye ati, “Nimuguma mu ijambo ryanjye muzaba abigishwa banjye nyakuri; namwe muzamenya ukuri kandi ukuri ni ko kuzababātūra” (Yohana 8:30-32).

Nta muntu ushyira mu gaciro wajya impaka arwanya iki kintu kigaragara cy’uko Yesu abo yabwiraga ari abari bakimara kumwizera abahamagarira kuba abigishwa be. Yesu ntabwo yabwiye abo bari bamaze kumwizera ngo, “Hanyuma rero mu minsi izaza, bishobotse mwatekereza ukuntu mwatera intambwe ikurikiraho, intambwe yo kwiyemeza rwose, yo kuba abigishwa banjye.” Oya, Yesu yabwiraga abo bizera bashya nk’uwizera ko barangije kuba abigishwa, nk’aho ndetse ijambo uwizera n’ijambo umwigishwa ari amagambo asobanura kimwe. Yabwiye abo bari bakimara kwizera ko kugira ngo bagaragaze ko ari abigishwa be ari uko baguma mu ijambo rye, gutyo bakabātūrwa mu byaha (reba Yohana 8:34-36).

Yesu yari azi ko abantu kuvuga ko bizeye bidasobanuye ko bizeye koko. Yari azi kandi ko abizeye ko ari Umwana w’Imana koko babigaragariza mu bikorwa–bahitaga bahinduka abigishwa be–bakihatira cyane kumwumvira no kumunezeza. Abizera/abigishwa bameze batyo bagumaga mu ijambo rye, bakarituramo. Kandi uko bagendaga bamenya ubushake bwe mu kwiga amategeko ye ni ko bagendaga babātūrwa mu byaha.

Ni cyo gituma Yesu yihutiye gukangurira abo bari bizeye kwisuzuma. Aya magambo ye ngo, “Niba muri abigishwa banjye koko” arerekana ko yumvaga ko binashoboka ko baba atari abigishwa be nyakuri, ahubwo bakaba ari abavuga gusa ko ari abigishwa. Baba bibeshya. Keretse gusa batsinze ikizamini cy’igerageza cya Yesu ni ho bashoboraga kumenya badashidikanya ko ari abigishwa be koko. (Kandi iyo ukomeje gusoma icyo kiganiro uko gikomeza muri Yohana 8:37-59 biragaraga ko yari afite ishingiro mu kubashidikanyaho.)[3]

Icyanditswe cyacu cy’ingenzi dushingiyeho, Matayo 28:18-20, ubwacyo kirasenya iyo myumvire yo kuvuga ko abigishwa ari urundi rwego rwo hejuru rw’abizera biyemeje rwose. Mu Nshingano Nkuru Yesu yatanze yategetse ko abigishwa bagomba kubatizwa. Biragaragara cyane mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa ko intumwa zitategerezaga ko abizeye bazabanza bagatera “indi ntambwe yo kuba biyemeje rwose gukurikira Kristo” kugira ngo bazabone kubabatiza. Ahubwo intumwa zabatizaga abizeye bose ako kanya bakimara gukizwa. Zizeraga ko abizera nyakuri bose ari abigishwa.

Ku bw’ibyo, abumva ko abigishwa ari abizera bageze ku rwego rudasanzwe rwo kwiyegurira Yesu nta n’ubwo bubahiriza iyo tewologiya yabo. Abenshi muri bo babatiza uwo ari we wese uje avuga ko yizera Yesu, ntibategereze ko azagera kuri rwa rwego rudasanzwe rwo “kuba umwigishwa.” Nyamara iyaba bizeraga koko ibyo babwiriza bakabaye babatiza gusa abamaze kugera ku rugero rw’ubwigishwa, kandi baba ari bake cyane mu bantu babo.

Wenda reka twongere dukubite iyi nyigisho y’abadayimoni turangiza biraba bihagije. Niba abigishwa batandukanye n’abizera, kuki Yohana yanditse avuga ko urukundo dukunda bene Data ari cyo kimenyetso kiranga abizera nyakuri bavutse bwa kabiri (reba 1 Yohana 3:14), na Yesu akavuga ko gukunda bene Data ari cyo kimenyetso cy’abigishwa be nyakuri (Yohana 13:35)?

Inkomoko y’iyi Nyigisho y’Ibinyoma

(The Origin of this False Doctrine)

Niba ibyo bintu by’inzego ebyiri zitandukanye z’abakristo, abizera n’abigishwa, ntaho wabisanga muri Bibiliya, bigenda bite kugira ngo iyo nyigisho abantu bayitsimbarareho? Igisubizo ni uko iyo nyigisho ishyigikiwe cyane n’indi nyigisho y’ibinyoma yerekeye ku gakiza. Iyo nyigisho ivuga ko ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa binyuranyije n’uko agakiza ari ubuntu. Bashingiye kuri iyo mitekerereza bagafata umwanzuro bavuga ko ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa bidashobora kuba ari byo bisabwa ngo umuntu akizwe. Ku bw’ibyo rero, kuba umwigishwa n’indi ntambwe yo kwiyemeza gukurikira Yesu abizera bajya mu ijuru bakijijwe n’ubuntu bashobora guhitamo gutera cyangwa ntibayitere biturutse ku bushake bwabo.

Akaga kuri iyi myumvire ni uko hari ibyanditswe byera byinshi cyane biyivuguruza. Urugero, ni iki cyakumvikana cyane kurusha ibyo Yesu yavuze asoza inyigisho ye yigishiriza ku musozi igihe yavugaga abahiriwe abo ari bo, amaze gutanga amategeko menshi?

Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).

Biragaragara neza ko aha kimwe n’ahandi henshi Yesu yavuze ko agakiza gashingiye ku kumvira. Noneho rero twahuza dute ibyanditswe byinshi nk’iki n’amagambo ya Bibiliya avuga ko agakiza ari ubuntu? Biroroshye cyane. Imana, mu buntu bwayo butangaje, yashyizeho igihe, ari cyo iki gihe turimo, nyamara kizagira iherezo, iha buri wese amahirwe yo kwihana, kwizera, no kuvuka bwa kabiri, Umwuka Wera akamuha ubushobozi bwo kumvira. Agakiza rero ni ubuntu. Atari ubuntu bw’Imana nta n’umwe wakizwa, kuko bose bakoze ibyaha. Ntibishoboka ko abanyabyaha bagororerwa agakiza. Ni yo mpamvu bakeneye ubuntu bw’Imana kugira ngo bakizwe.

Ku byerekeye agakiza kacu, ubuntu bw’Imana bugaragarira mu buryo bwinshi. Bugaragarira mu rupfu rwa Yesu ku musaraba, mu muhamagaro Imana iduhamagara ikoresheje ubutumwa bwiza, mu kudukururira kuri Kristo, mu kutwemeza ibyaha byacu, mu kuduha amahirwe yo kwihana, mu kuduhindura bashya no kutwuzuza Umwuka Wera wayo, mu gucagagura ingoyi z’ibyaha ziba zaraboshye ubugingo bwacu, mu kudushoboza kubaho mu kwera, mu kuducyaha iyo dukoze icyaha, n’ibindi. Nta n’umwe twakoreye muri iyi migisha. Dukizwa n’ubuntu kuva ku ntangiriro kugeza ku iherezo.

Nyamara dukurikije Ibyanditswe Byera, agakiza si “ubuntu,”gusa ahubwo ni no “ku bwo kwizera”: “Mwakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera” (Ef. 2:8a). Ibi byombi ni ngombwa kandi ntibivuguruzanya. Kugira ngo abantu bashobore gukizwa hagomba kubaho ubuntu no kwizera. Imana itugezaho ubuntu bwayo, na twe tukabwakira mu kwizera. Kwizera nyakuri kandi birazwi ko kujyana ku kumvira amategeko y’Imana. Nk’uko Yakobo yanditse mu gice cya kabiri cy’urwandiko rwe, kwizera kudafite imirimoo kuba gupfuye, ntacyo kumaze, kandi ntigushobora no gukiza umuntu (reba Yak. 2:14-26).[4]

Ikiriho cy’ukuri ni uko nta na rimwe ubuntu bw’Imana bwigeze bugira uwo buha uburenganzira bwo gukora ibyaha. Ahubwo ubuntu bw’Imana buha abantu amahirwe y’igihe runaka yo kugira ngo bihane kandi bavuke bwa kabiri. Nyuma y’urupfu nta mahirwe yo kwihana cyangwa kuvuka bwa kabiri aba acyongeye kuboneka, ni cyo gituma rero ubuntu bw’imana buba butakiboneka. Ubwo rero ubuntu bwayo bukiza ni ubw’igihe runaka gifite iherezo.

Umugore Yesu Yakirishije Ubuntu ku bwo Kwizera

(A Woman Whom Jesus Saved by Grace Through Faith)

Urugero rwiza rwo gukizwa n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera turusanga mu nkuru ya Yesu na wa mugore bamuzaniye yafashwe asambana. Yesu yaramubwiye ati, “Nanjye singuciraho iteka[ubwo ni ubuntu, kuko ubundi yari akwiye gucirwaho iteka]; genda ntukongere gukora icyaha” (Yohana 8:11). Ubwo yari akwiriye gupfa, Yesu yaramuretse arigendera. Yaramurekuye ngo agende ariko aramwihanangiriza: Ntukongere gukora icyaha. Ibi ni byo Yesu abwira buri munyabyaha wese mu isi–“Singuciraho iteka. Ukwiriye gupfa ugacirwaho iteka rya gehinomu iteka ryose, ariko ndakwereka ubuntu bwanjye. Nyamara ubuntu bwanjye ntibuzahoraho, none ngaho ihane. Rekeraho gukora ibyaha, ubuntu bwanjye butararangira ukisanga uhagaze imbere y’intebe yanjye y’urubanza uri umunyabyaha utagira icyo wiregūza.”

Reka dutekereze ko wa mugore w’umusambanyikazi yagiye akihana nk’uko Yesu yamutegetse. Niba yarabikoze, yakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera. Yakijijwe n’ubuntu kuko iyo butaba ubuntu bw’Imana ntiyagakijijwe kuko yari umunyabyaha. Ntiyakigeze avuga bibaho ngo agakiza ke agakesha imirimo ye. Kandi yakijijwe ku bwo kwizera kuko yizeye Yesu akizera ibyo amubwiye, akumvira ibyo yamwihanangirije, kandi agahindukira akava mu byaha bye mbere y’uko igihe kimurengana. Umuntu wese ufite kwizera nyakuri muri Yesu arihana, kuko Yesu yihanangirije abantu avuga ko nibatihana bazarimbuka (reba Luka 13:3). Yesu kandi yatangarije ku mugaragaro ko abakora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka ari bo bonyine bazinjira mu ijuru (Mat. 7:21). Umuntu niyizera Yesu azizera kandi yumvire n’ibyo amwihanangiriza gukora.

Ariko noneho reka dufate ko wa mugore w’umusambanyikazi atihannye ibyaha bye. Yakomeje gukora ibyaha hanyuma aza gupfa ahagarara imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Yesu. Tekereza abwira Yesu ati, “Oo Yesu! Ndishimye cyane kukubona! Ndibuka ukuntu utanciriyeho iteka ku bw’ibyaha byanjye igihe bakunzaniraga ukiri mu isi. Rwose uracyagira imbabazi nk’izo wari ufite cya gihe. Cya gihe ntiwanciriyeho iteka, rwose sincidikanya ko n’ubu utariburincireho!”

Urabitekerezaho iki? Mbese Yesu yamwakira mu ijuru? Igisubizo kirumvikana. Pawulo yakengesheje abantu ati, “Ntimwishuke. Abahehesi…cyangwa abasambanyi…ntibazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana” (1 Kor. 6:9-10).

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga yuko ibyo Yesu asaba umuntu kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa nta bindi uretse kugira kwizera nyakuri muri we, bishatse kuvuga kwizera gukiza. Kandi umuntu wese ufite uko kwizera gukiza aba yarakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera. Ntaho muri Bibiliya wahēra uvuga ngo, kuko gukizwa ari ubuntu, ibyangombwa Yesu ategeka ko umuntu agomba kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa bihabanye n’ibyo ategeka kugira ngo umuntu ahabwe agakiza. Kuba umwigishwa si indi ntambwe abizera bajya mu ijuru batera babishatse batabishaka bakabireka; ahubwo, kuba umwigishwa ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza kwizera nyakuri gukiza.[5]

Ubwo bimeze bityo rero, kugira ngo umukozi w’Imana agere ku ntsinzi mu maso y’Imana, agomba gutangira mu buryo nyabwo umurimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa, akabwiriza ubutumwa nyabwo, ahamagarira abantu kwizera gufatanyije no kumvira. Iyo abakozi b’Imana bakwiragiza inyigisho y’ibinyoma ngo kuba umwigishwa ni intambwe abizera bajya mu ijuru bashobora gutera cyangwa ntibayitere biturutse ku bushake bwabo, baba barwanya itegeko Kristo yatanze ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa kandi baba bamamaza ubuntu bw’ikinyoma n’ubutumwa bupfuye. Abigishwa nyakuri ba Kristo ni bo bonyine bafite kwizera gutanga agakiza kandi ni bo bonyine barimo bajya mu ijuru, nk’uko Yesu yasezeranyije ati: “Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).

Ubutumwa Bushya bw’Ibinyoma

(The New False Gospel)

Bitewe n’imyumvire ipfuye y’ubuntu bw’Imana, ubutumwa bwo muri iki gihe bwagiye bwamburwa kenshi na kenshi iby’ingenzi by’urufatiro rwa Bibiliya bakavuga ko bihabanye n’ubutumwa bw’ubuntu. Nyamara ubutumwa bw’ikinyoma nta kindi bubyara kitari abakristo b’ikinyoma/ingirwa-bakristo; ari cyo gituma umubare munini cyane w'”abakijijwe” bashya b’iki gihe uzasanga nta n’itorero babarizwamo nyuma y’ibyumweru bike gusa “bakiriye Kristo.” Byongeye kandi, abenshi mu bari mu matorero, akenshi ntiwabatandukanya n’abapagani batarakizwa, kuko usanga bafite imyumvire imwe banakora n’ibyaha bimwe n’ibya bagenzi babo batigeze bahinduka. Ibi biterwa n’uko baba batizera Umwami Yesu Kristo nyabyo kandi ntibaba barigeze mu by’ukuri bavuka ubwa kabiri.

Kimwe muri ibyo bintu by’ingenzi ubungubu cyakuwe mu butumwa bw’iki gihe ni uguhamagarira abantu kwihana. Abenshi mu bakozi b’Imana bumva ko nibabwira abantu kurekeraho gukora ibyaha (nk’uko Yesu yabigenje kuri wa mugore wari wafashwe asambana), ari kimwe no kubabwira ko agakiza atari ubuntu ko ahubwo ari ibikorwa. Ariko ibyo si byo, kuko Yohana Umubatiza, Yesu, Petero na Pawulo bose bamamazaga ko kwihana ari ngombwa cyane kugira ngo umuntu abone agakiza. Niba kubwiriza kwihana hari ukuntu bivuguruza ubuntu bw’Imana mu gakiza, ubwo rero Yohana Umubatiza, Yesu, Petero na Pawulo bose bavuguruje ubuntu bw’Imana mu gakiza. Nyamara bari basobanukiwe yuko ubuntu bw’imana butanga amahirwe y’igihe runaka cyo kugira ngo umuntu abashe kwihana ibyaha, atari amahirwe yo kugira ngo umuntu akomeze gukora ibyaha.

Urugero nk’igihe Yohana Umubatiza yamamazaga icyo Luka avuga ko ari “ubutumwa bwiza,” umutima w’ubwo butumwa wari ukwihana (reba Luka 3:1-18). Kandi abatihannye bagombaga kujya mu muriro utazima (reba Mat. 3:10-12; Luka 3:17).

Yesu yabwirije kwihana kuva agitangira umurimo we (reba Mat. 4:17). Yamenyesheje abantu ko nibatihana bazarimbuka (reba Luka 13:3, 5).

Igihe yesu yoherezaga abigishwa be cumi na babiri kubwiriza mu midugudu itandukanye, “Baragiye bigisha abantu ngo bihane” (Mariko 6:12).

Yesu amaze kuzuka yabwiye ba bigishwa be ngo bajye mu isi yose babwira abantu kwihana, kuko kwihana ari rwo rufunguzo rufungura umuryango wo kubabarirwa:

Maze arababwira ati, “Ni ko byanditswe ko Kristo akwiriye kubabazwa no kuzuka ku munsi wa gatatu, kandi ko kwihana no kubabarirwa ibyaha bikwiriye kubwirwa amahanga yose mu Izina rye, bahereye kuri Yerusalemu” (Luka 24:46-47).

Intumwa zumviye ibyo Yesu yategetse. Igihe Petero yabwirizaga ku munsi wa pantekote, abamwumvise bacumiswe mu mutima, bamaze kumenya ukuri ku by’Umuntu bari baherutse kubamba, basabye Petero ngo ababwire icyo bagomba gukora. Igisubizo yabahaye cyari uko, mbere na mbere, bagomba kwihana (reba Ibyakozwe 2:38).

Ubwa kabiri ubwo Petero yigishirizaga mu ruhame mu ibaraza rya Salomo, ubutumwa bwari bukubiyemo bwari bumwe. Ibyaha ntibishobora guhanagurwa hatabayeho kwihana:[6]

Nuko mwihane muhindukire, ibyaha byanyu bihanagurwe (Ibyakozwe 3:19a).

Igihe Pawulo yahamyaga imbere y’Umwami Agiripa, yavuze ko ubutumwa bwe bushingiye ku kwihana:

Mwami Agiripa, mpera ko sinanga kumvira ibyo neretswe byavuye mu ijuru. Ahubwo mbanza ab’i Damasiko, maze mbwira ab’i Yerusalemu n’abo mu gihugu cyose cy’i Yudaya n’abanyamahanga, mbabwiriza kwihana no guhindukirira Imana bakora imirimo ikwiriye abihannye (Ibyakozwe 26:19-20).

Muri Atenayi Pawulo yabwiye abari bamuteze amatwi yuko umuntu wese azahagarara imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Kristo, kandi ko abatarihannye bazatungurwa batiteguye kuri uwo munsi ukomeye:

Nuko iyo minsi yo kujijwa Imana yarayirengagije, ariko noneho itegeka abantu bose bari hose kwihana, kuko yashyizeho umunsi wo guciraho urubanza rw’ukuri rw’abari mu isi bose, izarucisha umuntu yatoranije kandi ibyo yabihamirije abantu bose ubwo yamuzuye (Ibyakozwe 17:30-31).

Mu magambo ye asezera ku bakuru b’itorero rya Efeso, Pawulo yashyize ku rutonde rumwe kwihana no kwizera nk’ibintu by’ingenzi mu butumwa bwe:

Nta jambo nikenze kubabwira…imbere ya rubanda nahamirije Abayuda n’Abagiriki kwihana imbere y’Imana, no kwizera Umwami Yesu Kristo (Ibyak. 20:20a, 21).

Ibi bihamya byose by’Ibyanditswe Byera byakagombye kwemeza buri wese hatabayeho kwigisha akamaro ko kwihana ubutumwa bwiza nyakuri buba butabwirijwe.Ubusabane n’Imana butangirira ku kwihana.Iyo kwihana kutabayeho no kubabarirwa ibyaha ntikubaho.

Kwihana byahawe indi nsobanuro

(Repentance Redefined)

N’ubwo bwose hari ibyo bihamya byinshi by’ibyanditswe byera byerekana ko agakiza gaturuka ku kwihana, abakozi b’Imana bamwe baracyashakisha uburyo bwo guhindura ubusa akamaro ko kwihana, bakagoreka insobanuro yabyo nyayo kugira ngo bumvikanishe ko ihabanye n’imyumvire yabo ipfuye y’ubuntu bw’Imana. Mu misobanurire mishya yabo, kwihana si ikindi kitari uguhindura imyumvire ku byerekeranye na Yesu uwo ari we, kandi mu buryo butangaje, uko guhindura imyumvire bikaba atari ngombwa ko umuntu agira icyo ahindura ku myifatire ye.

None se ababwirizabutumwa bo mu Isezerano Rishya babaga bashaka iki iyo bahamagariraga abantu kwihana?Mbese kwari uguhamagarira abantu guhindura imyumvire yabo ku byerekeranye no kumenya Yesu uwo ari we, cyangwa bahamagariraga abantu guhindura ingeso zabo?

Pawulo yizeraga ko kwihana nyabyo bisaba guhindura imyifatire. Twamaze gusoma ubuhamya bwe ku bijyanye n’umurimo we yari amaze imyaka myinshi akora, igihe yahamirizaga imbere y’Umwami Agiripa,

Mwami Agiripa, mpera ko sinanga kumvira ibyo neretswe byavuye mu ijuru. Ahubwo mbanza ab’i Damasiko, maze mbwira ab’i Yerusalemu n’abo mu gihugu cyose cy’i Yudaya n’abanyamahanga, mbabwiriza kwihana no guhindukirira Imana bakora imirimo ikwiriye abihannye (Ibyakozwe 26:19-20).

Yohana Umubatiza na we yumvaga ko kwihana birenze guhindura gusa imyumvire y’ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo muri tewologiya. Igihe abamwumvaga bari bamaze gutsindwa n’urubanza bakitaba umuhamagaro we abahamagarira kwihana bamubajije icyo bakora, yababwiye ibintu runaka bagomba guhindura mu myifatire yabo (reba Luka 3:3, 10-14). Yaneguye Abafarisayo n’Abasadukayo abanenga ko bihana by’umugenzo gusa, anababurira ko niba batihannye by’ukuri ibirimi by’umuriro wa gehinomu bizabarigata:

Mwa bana b’incira mwe, ni nde wababuriye ngo muhunge umujinya uzatera?Nuko mwere imbuto zikwiriye abihannye….Ndetse ubu intorezo igezwe ku bishyitsi by’ibiti; nuko igiti cyose kitera imbuto nziza kizacibwa kijugunywe mu muriro (Mat. 3:7-10).

Yesu na we kimwe na Yohana yabwirije ubutumwa bwo kwihana (reba Mat. 3:2; 4:17). Yigeze kuvuga ko Ab’i Nineve bihannye bumvise ubutumwa bwa Yona (reba Luka 11:32). Uwigeze gusoma igitabo cya Yona wese azi ko abantu b’i Nineve bakoze ibirenze guhindura imyumvire yabo.Bahinduye n’ibikorwa byabo, barahindukira bava mu byaha.Ibyo Yesu yabyise kwihana.

Kwihana Bibiliya ivuga ni uguhitamo bivuye ku mutima guhindura imyifatire umuntu akurikije kwizera nyakuri kwavutse mu mutima we. Iyo umukozi w’Imana abwiriza ubutumwa atavuga ko guhindura imyifatire rwose ari ngombwa kandi ari nabyo bihamya kwihana nyako, mu by’ukuri aba arwanya ikifuzo cya Kristo cyo kugira abigishwa. Ikindi kandi aba ayobya abamwumva abemeza ko bashobora gukizwa batagombye kwihana, bityo akaba abajyana mu irimbukiro iyo bamwemeye. Aba arwanya Imana ahubwo arwanirira Satani,yabimenya cyangwa atabimenya.

Niba umukozi w’Imana ashaka guhindura abantu abigishwa nk’uko Yesu yategetse, agomba gutangira mu buryo nyabwo.Iyo atabwiriza ubutumwa nyakuri buhamagarira abantu kwihana no kugira kugira kwizera kurimo kumvira, byanze bikunze biba byamunaniye, n’ubwo ku bigaragarira amaso y’abantu yaba ameze nk’uwashyikiriye intsinzi cyane.Ashobora kuba afite n’itorero ry’abantu benshi ariko arimo yubakisha ibiti, ibyatsi cyangwa ibikenyeri, kandi igihe imirimo ye izasuzumishwa umuriro agaciro kayo kazagaragara. Iyo mirimo izakongoka (reba 1 Kor. 3:12-15).

Yesu Ahamagarira Abantu Kumaramaza

(Jesus’ Calls to Commitment)

Ntabwo Yesu yahamagariraga gusa abapagani kuva mu byaha, ahubwo yanabahamagariraga kugira ngo bahere ko bafata icyemezo cyo kumuyoboka no kumwumvira.Ntabwo yigeze yemera kuba yatanga agakiza ku muntu utujuje ibyo nk’uko bikunze gukorwa muri iyi minsi. Ntiyigeze na rimwe ahamagarira abantu kuza “kumwakira”, abasezeranya kubababarira, hanyuma ngo azabe ababwira nyuma kuba bakwiyemeza kumwumvira babonye ari ngombwa. Oya, Yesu yategetse ko intambwe ya mbere umuntu agomba gutera igomba kuba intambwe yo kwitanga amaramaje.

Ikibabaje ni uko uko guhamagara kwa Yesu ahamagarira abantu kwitanga bamaramaje akenshi kwirengangizwa n’abitwa ko ari abakristo. Cyangwa se n’iyo kutirengagijwe, gusobanurwa nk’aho ari uguhamagarira abantu kugira ubusabane burushijeho ariko ugasanga ibyo bitareba abatarakizwa ahubwo ngo ni iby’abamaze kwakira ubuntu bw’Imana bukiza. Nyamara kandi abenshi muri abo “bizera” bavuga ko ibyo byo kwitanga ukamaramaza ari bo babihamagarirwa atari abatarakizwa ntibumvira uko guhamagarwa nk’uko basobanura ko ari bo bireba. Mu mitekerereze yabo, bumva bafite uburenganzira bwo kubikora cyangwa kutabikora, kandi rero nyine bahitamo kutabikora.

Reka turebe amwe mu magambo ya Yesu ahamagarira abantu gukizwa, ari byo bakunze gusobanura bavuga ko yahamagariraga abantu gutera indi ntambwe bakitanga birushijeho, nuko bakavuga ko yabibwiraga abamaze gukizwa:

Ahamagara [Yesu] abantu n’abigishwa be arababwira ati, “Umuntu nashaka kunkurikira niyiyange, yikorere umusaraba we ankurikire, kuko ushaka kurengera ubugingo bwe azabubura, kandi utita ku bugingo bwe ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza azabukiza.Kandi umuntu byamumarira iki gutunga ibintu byose byo mu isi, niyakwa ubugingo bwe?Mbese umuntu yatanga iki ngo acungure ubugingo bwe? Umuntu wese ugira isoni zo kunyemera no kwemera amagambo yanjye muri iki gihe cy’ubusambanyi kandi kibi, Umwana w’umuntu na we azagira isoni zo kumwemera, ubwo azazana n’abamarayika bera afite ubwiza bwa Se” (Mariko 8:34-38).

Mbese aba ni abatizera bahamagarirwa agakiza cyangwa ni abizera bahamagarirwa gutera indi ntambwe mu busabane bwabo n’Imana?Iyo dusomanye ubunyangamugayo igisubizo kiragaragara.

Mbere na mbere urabona ko abo bantu Yesu yabwiraga bari “abantu benshi hamwe n’abigishwa be” (umurongo wa 34). Birumvikana ko “abantu benshi” batari abigishwa be. Mu by’ukuri ni we wari “ubahamagariye” kugira ngo bumve ibyo agiye kuvuga. Yesu yashakaga ko buri wese, ari abayoboke ari n’abashakisha ukuri, yumva ibanga yendaga kubigisha. Uranareba ko yakomeje avuga ati, “umuntu uwo ari we wese niba ashaka” (umurongo wa 34).Aya magambo ye agenewe buri wese n’umuntu uwo ari we wese.

Iyo dukomeje gusoma, tugenda turushaho gusobanukirwa abo Yesu yabwiraga abo ari bo. By’umwihariko aya magambo yayabwiraga umuntu wese ushaka (1) “kumukurikira”, (2) “gukiza ubugingo bwe,” (3) “kutanyagwa ubugingo bwe,” no (4) kuba mu bo atazagirira isoni ubwo “azazana n’abamarayika bera afite ubwiza bwa Se.” Izi mvugo zose uko ari enye zirerekana ko Yesu yavugaga abantu bashaka gukizwa. Mbese twatekereza ko hari umuntu ujya mu ijuru udashaka “gukurikira” Yesu no “gukiza ubugingo bwe”? Mbese twavuga ko hari abizera nyakuri “bazanyagwa ubugingo bwabo,” bagira isoni zo kwemera Yesu no kwemera amagambo ye, kandi Yesu na we akazagira isoni zo kubemera ubwo azagaruka? Birumvikana ko muri ibi byanditswe Yesu yavugaga ibyo kubona ubugingo buhoraho.

Urabona ko izi nteruro enye za nyuma muri eshanu zigize iki gice zitangizwa n’ijambo ngo “Kuko.” Ni ukuvuga ko buri nteruro ifasha mu gusobanura no kwagura kurushaho interuro iyibanjirije.Nta nteruro n’imwe muri izi igomba gusobanurwa hatitawe ku kureba uko izindi zivuga.Reka rero noneho muri ubwo buryo turebe amagambo ya Yesu interuro ku yindi.

Interuro ya 1

(Sentence #1)

Umuntu nashaka kunkurikira niyiyange,yikorere umusaraba we ankurikire (Mariko 8:34).

Na none urabona ko aya magambo ya Yesu yabwirwaga umuntu wese ushaka kumukurikira, uwo ari we wese ushaka kuba umuyoboke we. Ubu ni bwo busabane mbere na mbere Yesu ashaka–kuba umuyoboke we.

Benshi bashaka kuba incuti ze ariko ntibabe abayoboke be, nyamara bene ibyo ntibibaho.Nta muntu n’umwe Yesu yita incuti ye kandi atamwumvira.Hari ubwo yavuze ati, “Muri incuti zanjye, nimukora ibyo mbategeka” (Yohana 15:14).

Benshi bifuza kuba baba abavandimwe be nyamara batari abayoboke be, ariko na none ibyo Yesu ntiyabyemeye. Nta n’umwe yitaga umuvandimwe we atari umwumvira: “Umuntu wese ukora ibyo data w mu ijuru ashaka, ni we mwene data” (Mat. 12:50).

Benshi bifuza kuzabana na Yesu mu ijuru ariko ntibashake kuba abayoboke be, ariko Yesu yavuze ko ibyo bidashoboka. Keretse abumvira ni bo bazaragwa ijuru: “Umuntu wese umbwira ati, ‘Mwami, Mwami,’ si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).

Muri iyi nteruro turiho twiga, Yesu yamenyesheje abifuzaga kumukurikira ko batashobora kumukurikira keretse biyanze.Bagomba gushyira ku ruhande ibindi byifuzo byabo bwite bikajya munsi y’ubushake bwe. Kwiyanga no kuganduka ni zo nkingi zo gukurikira Yesu. “Kwikorera umusaraba” ni cyo bisobanuye.

Interuro ya 2

(Sentence #2)

Interuro ya kabiri ya Yesu ni yo ituma iya mbere isobanuka kurushaho:

Kuko ushaka kurengera ubugingo bwe azabubura,kandi utita ku bugingo bwe ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza azabukiza (Mariko 8:35).

Na none urabona ko iyi nteruro itangirwa na “Kuko,” biyihuza n’interuro ya mbere, ariko bigasobanuka kurushaho. Aha Yesu arerekana itandukaniro riri hagati y’abantu babiri bavugwa mu nteruro ya mbere–wa wundi uziyanga akikorera umusaraba we akamukurikira na wa wundi utazabikora. Noneho baratandukanijwe;uzemera kubura ubungingo bwe ku bwa Kristo no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza n’utazabyemera. Turebye isano riri hagati y’abo bantu bombi, wa wundi wo mu nteruro ya mbere utaziyanga, dusanga ari we ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe mu nteruro ya kabiri ariko akabubura. Hanyuma wa wundi wo mu nteruro ya mbere wemera kwiyanga dusanga ari we mu nteruro ya kabiri ubura ubugingo bwe nyamara akabukiza.

Yesu ntiyavugaga ko umuntu agomba kubura ubugingo bwe cyangwa kubukiza mu buryo busanzwe bw’umubiri. Interuro zikurikiraho muri iki gice zerekana ko guhomba cyangwa kunguka ubuzima bw’iteka ari byo Yesu yari afite mu mutwe. Amagambo asa n’ayo Yesu yavuze muri Yohana 12:25 aravuga ngo, “Ukunda ubugingo bwe arabubura, ariko uwanga ubugingo bwe muri iyi si, azaburinda ageze ku bugingo buhoraho”.

Wa muntu mu nteruro ya mbere utiyanga ni we mu nteruro ya kabiri ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe. Ubwo rero dushobora gufata umwanzuro ko “umuntu gukiza ubugingo bwe” bisobanura “kurengera inyungu za gahunda ze bwite mu bugingo bwe.” Ibi binasobanuka kurushaho iyo turebye wa wundi we wemera “kubura ubugingo bwe ku bwa kristo no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza.” Ni wa wundi wiyanga akikorera umusaraba we, gahunda ze akazifasha hasi, agasigara abereyeho gusohoza imigambi ya Kristo no gukwiza ubutumwa bwiza.Ni we amaherezo “uzakiza ubugingo bwe.” Umuntu uhirimbanira kunezeza Kristo aho kwinezeza, amaherezo azanezererwa mu ijuru, igihe wa wundi uhora ashaka kwishimisha azisanga mu marira muri gehinomu, aho azaba atagifite umudendezo wo gukora ibyo yishakiye.

Interuro ya 3 n’iya 4

(Sentences #3 & 4)

Noneho turebe interuro ya gatatu n’iya kane:

Kandi umuntu byamumarira iki gutunga ibintu byose byo mu isi, niyakwa ubugingo bwe?Mbese umuntu yatanga iki ngo acungure ubugingo bwe? (Mariko 8:36-37).

Aha umuntu uvugwaho cyane ni wa wundi udashaka kwiyanga. Ni na we kandi ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe ariko amaherezo akabubura.Noneho hano aravugwa nk’uwiruka inyuma y’ubutunzi bw’isi ariko akaza “kunyagwa ubugingo bwe”.Yesu aragaragaza ubugoryi bw’umuntu nk’uwo, agereranya agaciro k’isi yose n’ak’ubugingo bw’umuntu. Birumvikana ko atari ibyo kugereranywa. Umuntu ashobora kwibwira ko yageze ku butunzi bw’isi bwose, ariko niba amaherezo ingaruka yabyo ku bugingo bwe ari ukuzaba iteka ryose mu muriro utazima, aba yibeshye ku buryo bukomeye cyane.

Muri izi nteruro kandi iya gatatu n’iya kane,tunasobanukirwa ikibuza abantu kwiyanga ngo bakurikire Kristo.Ni ugushaka kwishimisha mu by’isi.Basunitswe no kwikunda, ba bandi banga gukurikira Kristo bigira mu binezeza by’ibyaha, ari byo abayoboke nyakuri ba Kristo bazibukira bakabisimbuza kumukunda no kumwumvira. Abagerageza kunguka iby’isi byose, bakurikirana ubutunzi, gukomera n’icyubahiro, naho abayoboke nyakuri ba Kristo mbere na mbere bashaka Ubwami bwe no Gukiranuka kwe. Ubutunzi bwose, cyangwa imbaraga no kwamamara babonye bumva ko ari ibyo Imana ibabikije kugira ngo babikoreshe batishimisha ubwabo ahubwo bayihesha icyubahiro.

Interuro ya 5

(Sentence #5)

Noneho tugeze ku nteruro ya gatanu muri iki gice twigaho.Na none reba ukuntu ifatanyijwe n’izindi hakoreshejwe ijambo, kuko:

Kuko umuntu wese ugira isoni zo kunyemera no kwemera amagambo yanjye muri iki gihe cy’ubusambanyi kandi kibi, Umwana w’umuntu na we azagira isoni zo kumwemera, ubwo azazana n’abamarayika be afite ubwiza bwa se (Mariko 8:38).

Uyu na none ni wa wundi udashaka kwiyanga, ahubwo agashaka kwikurikirira inama z’umutima we, yiruka inyuma y’iby’isi, hanyuma amaherezo akabura ubugingo bwe, akabwakwa. Noneho aravugwa nk’utewe isoni na Kristo n’amagambo ye. Isoni ze birumvikana ko zituruka ku kutizera kwe. Yakabaye yarizeye ko Yesu ari Umwana w’Imana koko ntiyakamugiriye isoni cyangwa ngo azigirire amagambo ye. Ariko ni umwe “wo mu bantu b’igihe cy’abasambanyi kandi kibi,” kandi Yesu nagaruka azamugirira isoni. Biragaragara ko Yesu aha atavugaga umuntu wakijijwe.

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga iki?Iki gice cyose ntabwo wavuga mu by’ukuri ko ari icyo guhamagarira abantu bari mu nzira ijya mu ijuru kongera gutera indi ntambwe yo kumaramaza kurushaho. Biragaragara ko ari uburyo bwo guhishura inzira y’agakiza mu kugereranya abakijijwe nyakuri n’abatarakizwa.Abakijijwe nyabyo bizera Umwami Yesu Kristo kandi bakemera kwiyanga ku bwe, naho abatarakizwa ntibagira uko kwizera gutuma bumvira.

Ukundi guhamagarira abantu kumaramaza

(Another Call to Commitment)

Hari henshi twareba herekeranye n’uko guhamagara, ariko reka turebe ahandi hamwe Umwami Yesu Kristo ahamagara abantu kandi si ikindi abahamagarira uretse agakiza:

Mwese abarushye n’abaremerewe, nimuze munsange ndabaruhura.Mwemere kuba abagaragu banjye munyigireho, kuko ndi umugwaneza kandi noroheje mu mutima, namwe muzabona uburuhukiro mu mitima yanyu, kuko kunkorera kutaruhije, n’umutwaro wanjye utaremereye(Mat. 11:28-30).

Ababwirizabutumwa bakunze gukoresha iki cyanditswe bahamagarira abantu kwakira agakiza, kandi babikora neza.Birumvikana ko aya magambo ahamagarira abantu agakiza. Hano Yesu aratanga uburuhukiro bw’imitima ku “barushye n’abaremerewe.” Ntabwo ari ikiruhuko cy’umubiri ku bantu baruhijwe n’imitwaro bikoreye mu buryo busanzwe bw’umubiri, ahubwo ni uburuhukiro bw’imitima yabo, nk’uko abivuga. Abantu badakijijwe baba batsikamiwe hasi n’umutima ubashinja ibyaha, ubwoba n’ibyaha, hanyuma iyo bamaze kunanirwa baremerewe na byo, baba bageze igihe nyacyo cyo kwakira agakiza.

Iyo abantu nk’abo bakeneye kubona uburuhukiro Yesu atanga, abasaba gukora ibintu bibiri.Bagomba (1) kumusanga kandi (2), bagomba kwemera kuba abagaragu be/kwikorera umutwaro we.

Ba bigisha b’ibinyoma bavuga ko gukizwa ari ubuntu gusa, kenshi bakunze kugoreka insobanuro nyayo y’aya magambo “kuba abagaragu ba Yesu (“taking Jesus’ yoke).” Bamwe bavuga ko rwose Yesu aha yavugaga ku mutwaro ashobora kuba yari afite ku bitugu bye, ngo ari cyo gituma yawitaga “Umutwaro we.” Kandi ngo Yesu agomba kuba yarimo avuga umutwaro/ingata irimo ebyiri (double-yoke)ngo yari izingurije ku ijosi rye, ngo iyo atikoreza muri izo ebyiri yari idutegereje ngo natwe tuyigendane ku ijosi. Nyamara dukwiye kumva ko Yesu asezeranya kuba ari we wikorera umutwaro kuko yavuze ngo kumukorera ntikuruhije n’umutwaro we nturemereye. Ubwo rero ngo akazi kacu twebwe, nk’uko abigisha nk’abo babivuga, ni ukuguma dufatanye na Yesu mu kwizera, kugira ngo ashobore kudukorera imirimo yose ku birebana n’agakiza kacu, twebwe tukigaramira tukanezererwa ibyiza byose aduhera mu buntu bwe! Iyo nsobanuro birumvikana ko ari ukuremangatanya amagambo.

Oya, ubwo Yesu yavugaga ngo abarushye ni baze bemere kuba abagaragu be, yavugaga ko bakwiye kumugandukira, bakamugira shebuja wabo, akayobora ubugingo bwabo. Ni cyo gituma Yesu yavuze ngo twemere kuba abagaragu be hanyuma kandi ngo tumwigireho. Abantu badakijijwe ni nk’imfizi z’ishyamba zigenga zijya aho zishaka ziyobora. Iyo zikuruwe n’ibiziriko bya Yesu, ni we uziyobora noneho aho zijya. Kandi impamvu gukorera Yesu bitaruhije n’umutwaro we nturemere ni uko adushoboza kumwumvira ku bw’imbaraga z’Umwuka Wera uba muri twe.

Na none rero turabona ko Yesu yahamagariraga abantu agakiza, ahangaha karashushanywa n’uburuhukiro bw’abarushye, agahamagarira abantu kumucira bugufi bakamwumvira bakamugira Umwami wabo.

Muri make

(In Summary)

Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko umukozi w’Imana nyakuri wageze ku ntego ari uwumvira itegeko rya Yesu ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa, kandi akaba azi ko kwihana, kwiyegurira Imana no kuba umwigishwa atari ibintu umuntu akora abishatse yaba atabishatse akabireka ku bizera bajya mu ijuru. Ahubwo ibyo ni byo bimenyetso nyakuri byerekana kwizera gukiza.Nuko rero, umukozi w’Imana ugera ku ntego abwiriza abatarakizwa ubutumwa bwiza bwa Bibiliya. Ahamagarira abatarakizwa kwihana no gukurikira Yesu, kandi abataramaramaje ntabizeza ko bakijijwe.

 

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[1] Iyi nsobanuro ituruka ku byo twamaze gusoma muri Matayo 28:18-20, Yohana 8:31-32; 13:25, 15:8 na Luka 14:25-33.

[2] Ijambo Abigishwa urisanga mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 6:1, 2, 7; 9:1, 10, 19, 25, 26, 36, 38; 11:26, 29; 13:52; 14:20, 21, 22, 28; 15:10; 16:1; 18:23, 27; 19:1, 9, 30; 20:1, 30; 21:4, 16. Abizera riboneka gusa mu Ibyakozwe 5:14; 10:45 na 16:1. Urugero nko mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 14:21, Luka yaranditse ati, “Bamaze [Pawulo na Barinaba] kubwira abantu ubutumwa bwiza muri uwo mudugudu no guhindura benshi abigishwa…” Turabona rero ko Pawulo na Barinaba bahinduraga abantu abigishwa mu kubabwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, kandi abantu babaga abigishwa bakimara gukizwa ako kanya, ntabwo ari ikindi gihe bazashakira nyuma.

[3] Iki gice cy’ibyanditswe kiranashyira ahabona imikorere ipfuye y’iki gihe yo kwizeza abamaze kwizera ko bahawe agakiza byarangiye. Yesu ntiyijeje abo bashya bari bizeye ko bamaze gukizwa nta gushidikanya ngo ni uko basenze agasengesho kagufi ko kumwakira cyangwa ngo kuko batuye ko bamwizeye. Ahubwo yabakanguriye kureba neza niba kwatura kwabo ari uk’ukuri. Twakagombye gukurikiza urugero rwe.

[4] Byongeye kandi, mu buryo buhabanye n’abavuga ko dukizwa no kwizera n’ubwo nta mirimo twaba dufite, Yakobo avuga ko tudashobora gukizwa no kwizera konyine: “Mubonye yuko umuntu atsindishirizwa n’imirimo, adatsindishirizwa no kwizera gusa.” Kwizera nyakuri ntikujya kuba konyine; iteka guherekezwa n’imirimo.

[5] Ni na byiza kandi kugumana mu bitekerezo ko impamvu Pawulo kenshi yakundaga gutsindagira ko agakiza ari ubuntu atari ibikorwa ari ukubera ko yahoraga ahanganye n’abantu babaswe n’amategeko bo mu gihe cye. Pawulo ntiyageragezaga gukosora abigishaga ko gukiranuka no kwera ari ngombwa kugira ngo ujye mu ijuru, kuko na we ubwe ari ko yizeraga ndetse akanabitsindagira cyane kenshi yigisha. Ahubwo yanditse ashaka gukosora Abayuda batagiraga igitekerezo cy’ubuntu bw’Imana mu by’agakiza, bityo bakaba batarabonaga impamvu n’imwe yagatumye Yesu agomba gupfa. Abenshi ntibumvaga ko Abanyamahanga bashobora gukizwa kuko nta gitekerezo cy’ubuntu bw’Imana bagiraga cyatuma bumva ko abo banyamahanga bakizwa. Abenshi bibwiraga ko gukebwa, ibisokuruza bakomokamo, cyangwa gukurikiza amategeko (kandi ntibabishoboraga) ari byo bihesha agakiza, bityo bagahindura ubusa ubuntu bw’Imana n’icyatumye Kristo apfa.

[6] Na none, Imana yahishuriraga Petero ko Abanyamahanga bashobora gukizwa bizeye Yesu gusa, Petero yabwiye abo mu rugo kwa Koruneliyo ati, “Ni ukuri menye yuko Imana itarobanura ku butoni, ahubwo mu mahanga yose uyubaha agakora ibyo gukiranuka iramwemera” (Ibyakozwe 10:34b-35). Petero kandi yavuze mu Ibyakozwe 5:32 ko Imana yahaye Umwuka Wera “abayumvira.” Abakristo bose nyakuri Umwuka Wera abaturamo (reba Rom. 8:9; Gal. 4:6).