Umugore aramubwira [Yesu] ati, “Databuja, menye yuko uri umuhanuzi. Ba sogokuruza bacu basengeraga kuri uyu musozi, namwe mukagira ngo i Yerusalemu ni ho hakwiriye gusengerwa.” Yesu aramusubiza ati, “Mugore, nyizera. Igihe kizaza, ubwo bazaba batagisengera Data kuri uyu musozi cyangwa i Yerusalemu….Ariko igihe kiraje ndetse kirasohoye, ubwo abasenga Imana by’ukuri basengera Data mu mwuka no mu kuri, kuko Data ashaka ko bene abo ari bo bamusenga. Imana ni Umwuka, n’abayisenga bakwiriye kuyisengera mu mwuka no mu kuri” (Yohana 4:19-24).

Aya magambo ava mu kanwa ka Yesu ashyiraho urufatiro rw’imyumvire yacu y’uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo gusenga. Yavuze ku “basenga Imana by’ukuri” avuga n’uko bagomba kuba bameze. Ibi byerekana ko hari abasenga Imana ariko batayisenga by’ukuri. Bashobora kwibwira ko basenga Imana ariko mu by’ukuri batayisenga kuko batuzuza ibyo isaba.

Yesu yavuze ibiranga abasenga Imana by’ukuri–basenga “mu mwuka no mu kuri.” Bityo rero dushobora kuvuga ko abasenga Imana b’ibinyoma ari abasenga “mu mubiri kandi batabikuye ku mutima.” Abanyamubiri, basenga Imana mu binyoma bashobora gusenga amasengesho menshi, ariko byose biba ari ukwiyerekana gusa, kuko bitaba bituruka mu mutima ukunda Imana.

Gusenga Imana nyabyo bituruka gusa mu mutima ukunda Imana. Gusenga/kuramya rero ntabwo ari igihe gusa itorero riteranye, ahubwo ni ikintu dukora buri gihe cyose mu bugingo bwacu uko twumviye amategeko ya Kristo. Ikintu gitangaje, umugore Yesu yavuganaga na we yari yarashatse incuro eshanu kandi n’icyo gihe yabanaga n’undi mugabo, ariko yashakaga kujya impaka ku byerekeye ahantu nyaho ho gusengera Imana! Mbega ukuntu atubera ikitegererezo cy’abanyedini benshi bajya mu materaniro gusenga nyamara kandi mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi ari ibyigomeke ku Mana. Ntabwo abo ari abasenga Imana by’ukuri.

Yesu yigeze gucyaha Abafarisayo n’abanditsi ku bwo gusenga kwabo kw’ibinyoma kandi kutava ku mutima:

Mwa ndyarya mwe, Yesaya yahanuye ibyanyu neza ati, “Ubu bwoko bunshimisha iminwa, ariko imitima yabo imba kure. Bansengera ubusa, kuko inyigisho bigisha ari amategeko y’abantu” (Mat. 15:7-9).

Nubwo Abayuda n’Abasamariya bo mu gihe cya Yesu bigaragara neza ko bashyiraga cyane agaciro ku hantu ho gusengera, Yesu yavuze ko ahantu atari ho ha ngombwa. Ahubwo uburyo umutima w’umuntu umeze n’uburyo afashe Imana mu mutima we ni byo biha agaciro gusenga kwe.

Ibyinshi mu byitwa “kuramya”bikorwa mu matorero muri iki gihe nta kindi uretse imihango ipfuye ikorwa n’abaramya bapfuye. Abantu ugasanga basubiramo gusa nka gasuku amagambo bumvanye abandi bavuga Imana mu gihe baririmba “indirimbo zo kuramya,” kuramya kwaba ni ukubusa, kuko imyifatire yabo igaragaza ibiri mu mitima yabo.

Imana yahitamo kumva ijambo rigufi ryoroheje ariko rivuye ku mutima ngo “Ndagukunda” riturutse ku mutima w’umwe mu bana bayo aho kwihanganira urusaku rw’amagambo atavuye ku mutima rw’ibihumbi by’abakristo bo ku cyumweru mu gitondo baririmba ngo “Mbega Ukuntu Uhambaye”( “How Great Thou Art”).

Gusenga Mu Mwuka

(Worshipping in Spirit)

Bamwe bavuga ko gusenga “mu mwuka” bivuga gusenga mu zindi ndimi, ariko ibyo ntabwo ari byo ukurikije amagambo ya Yesu. Yaravuze ati “igihe kiraje, ndetse kirasohoye, ubwo abasenga Imana by’ukuri basenga Data mu mwuka no mu kuri,” byerekana ko hari abari bahari bujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo basenge “mu mwuka” igihe Yesu yavugaga ayo magambo. Nta gushidikanya kandi ko nta muntu wari warigeze avuga mu ndimi mbere y’umunsi wa pantekote. Nuko rero buri mwizera wese, yaba avuga mu ndimi cyangwa atazivuga, ashobora gusenga mu mwuka no mu kuri. Gusenga no kuririmba mu zindi ndimi bishobora rwose gufasha umwizera mu kuramya, ariko no gusenga mu ndimi bishobora kugeza aho bikaba umuhango gusa w’ibintu bitava ku mutima.

Ishusho ishimishije y’ukuntu ab’itorero rya mbere baramyaga Imana iri mu gitabo cy’Ibyak 13:1-2:

Mu Itorero ryo muri Antiyokiya hariho abahanuzi n’abigisha, ari bo Barunaba na Simoni witwaga Nigeru na Lukiyosi w’Umunyakurene na Manayeni wareranywe n’umwami Herode, hariho na Sawuli. Ubwo basengaga Umwami Imana biyiriza ubusa, Umwuka Wera yarababwiye ati, “Mundobanurire Barunaba na Sawuli, bankorere umurimo mbahamagariye gukora.”

Reba ayo magambo ngo ubwo “basengaga Umwami Imana.” Umuntu yavuga ko baramyaga Imana, ibi bikanatwigisha ko kuramya nyako kuba kwerekeye ku Mana. Ariko na none ibyo bishoboka igihe gusa Umwami Imana ari we dushyizeho urukundo rwacu.

Uburyo Bwo Kuramya

(Ways to Worship)

Igitabo cya Zaburi, twakwita ko ari nka cyo cyari igitabo cy’indirimbo zo gushimisha Imana cyabo, kiduhamagarira kuramya Imana mu buryo bwinshi butandukanye. Urugero dusoma muri Zaburi 32 ngo:

“Mwa bafite imitima itunganye mwese mwe, ibyishimo bibatere kuvuza impundu” (Zab 32:11b).

Nubwo kuramya Imana mu buryo butuje ari byiza ariko no kuzamura ijwi rirenga mu karuru k’ibyishimo na byo biratunganye.

Mwa bakiranutsi mwe, mwishimire Uwiteka, gushima gukwiye abatunganye. Mushimishe Uwiteka inanga, mumuririmbirire ishimwe kuri nebelu y’imirya cumi. Mumuririmbire indirimbo nshya, mucurangishe inanga ubwenge, muyivugishe ijwi rirenga (Zab. 33:1-3).

Birumvikana ko tugomba kuririmbira Uwiteka turamya, ariko kandi kuririmba kwacu kugomba kuba ari ukw’ibyishimo, ibyo na byo bigaragaza uko umutima uba umeze. Dushobora kandi guherekeresha uko kuririmba kwacu kw’ibyishimo gucuranga ibicurangisho by’uburyo butandukanye. Ariko sinabura kuvuga ko mu materaniro y’amatorero menshi, akenshi ibicurangisho bikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi bisakuza cyane ntiwumve n’indirimbo iririmbwa. Bigomba kugabanywa amajwi cyangwa bakabizimya. Uwaririmbye zaburi we icyo kibazo ntacyo yari afite!

Uko ni ko nzaguhimbaza nkiriho, Izina ryawe ni ryo nzamanikira amaboko (Zab. 63:4).

Dushobora kuzamurira Imana amaboko nk’ikimenyetso cyo kuyiyegurira rwose.

Mwa bari mu isi bose mwe, muvugirize Imana impundu. Muririmbe icyubahiro cy’izina ryayo, mwogeze ishimwe ryayo. Mubwire Imana muti, “Imirimo yawe ko iteye ubwoba! Imbaraga zawe nyinshi zizatuma abanzi bawe bose bakugomokera, bakagushyeshya. Abo mu isi bose bazagusenga bakuririmbire, bazaririmbira izina ryawe” (Zab. 66:1-4).

Ugomba kubwira Uwiteka ukuntu ateye ubwoba kandi tukamuhimbariza ibye byinshi bitangaje. Zaburi ni ho hantu heza cyane usanga amagambo akwiriye yo guhimbaza Imana. Ugomba kurenga ya mvugo y’akamenyero yo gusubiramo buri kanya ngo “Ndaguhimbaza Mwami!” Hari byinshi cyane byo kumubwira.

Nimuze tumuramye twunamye, dupfukamire Uwiteka Umuremyi wacu (Zab. 95:6).

Nuko twifashe gusa byonyine bishobora kuba uburyo bwo kuramya, twaba duhagaze, dupfukamye cyangwa twunamye.

Abakunzi be bishimire icyubahiro abahaye, baririmbishwe n’ibyishimo, baririmbire ku mariri yabo (Zab. 149:5).

Ariko ntitugomba kuba duhagaze cyangwa dupfukamye kugira ngo turamye Imana–dushobora no kuba turyamye.

Mwinjire mu marembo ye mushima, no mu bikari bye muhimbaza, mumushime, musingize izina rye (Zab. 100:4).

Gushima bigomba kuba rwose mu kuramya kwacu.

Bashimishe izina rye imbyino (Zab. 149:3).

Dushobora no guhimbaza Uwiteka mu mbyino. Ariko izo mbyino zigomba kuba Atari inyamubiri, zo kwizunguza gusa cyangwa gushimisha abantu gusa.

Muyishimishe ijwi ry’impanda, muyishimishe nebelu n’inanga. Muyishimishe ishako n’imbyino, muyishimishe ibifite imirya n’imyironge. Muyishimishe ibyuma bivuza amajwi mato, muyishimishe ibyuma birenga. Ibihumeka byose bishime Uwiteka (Zab. 150:3-6).

Imana ishimwe ku bw’abafite impano mu bya muzika. Impano zabo zishobora gukoreshwa mu guha Imana icyubahiro, bacuranze biturutse ku mutima w’urukundo.

Indirimbo Z’umwuka

(Spiritual Songs)

Muririmbire Uwiteka indirimbo nshya, kuko yakoze ibitangaza (Zab. 98:1a).

Nta kosa ririmo kuririmba indirimbo yak era, keretse ihindutse umuhango. Ariko kandi dukeneye indirimbo nshya iturutse mu mitima yacu. Mu Isezerano Rishya tubona ko Umwuka Wera azadufasha guhanga indirimbo nshya:

Ijambo rya Krisito ribe muri mwe rigwiriye rifite ubwenge bwose, mwigishanye, muhugurane muri zaburi n’indirimbo n’ibihimbano by’umwuka, muririmbirana Imana ishimwe mu mitima yanyu (Kolo. 3:16).

Kandi ntimugasinde inzoga zirimo ubukubaganyi, ahubwo mwuzure Umwuka. Mubwirane Zaburi n’indirimbo n’ibihimbano by’Umwuka, muririmba mucurangira Umwami wacu mu mitima yanyu. Mujye mushima Imana Data wa twese ku bw’ibintu byose, mubiyishimira mu izina ry’Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo (Ef. 5:18-20).

Pawulo yanditse avuga ko tugomba kuririmbirana “Zaburi, n’indirimbo, n’ibihimbano by’umwuka,” ni ukuvuga rero ko hagomba kuba hari itandukaniro hagati y’ibyo bitatu. Iyo urebye ayo magambo mu Kigiriki cy’umwimerere usobanukirwa nibura gato, ariko birashoboka ko “zaburi” bivuga kuririmba zaburi nyine zo muri Bibiliya biherekejwe n’amajwi y’ibicurangisho. Naho “Indirimbo,” zo bikavuga indirimbo zisanzwe zo gushimisha Imana zahimbwe n’abahanzi b’abizera batandukanye bo mu matorero. “Ibihimbano by’Umwuka” bishobora kuba zari indirimbo zihimbiweho ako kanya zitanzwe n’Umwuka Wera twagereranya n’impano y’ubuhanuzi, uretse gusa ko amagambo aba aririmbwa.

Guhimbaza no kuramya bikwiye kuba mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi–ntabwo ari igihe habaye amateraniro mu itorero gusa. Buri munsi dushobora guhimbaza Uwiteka kandi tukagirana ubusabane na We.

Guhimbaza–Kwizera Gushyizwe Mu Bikorwa

( Praise–Faith in Action)

Guhimbaza no kuramya ni bwo buryo bwacu busanzwe bwo kugaragaza uko twizera Imana. Niba koko twizera amasezerano y’Ijambo ry’Imana, tuzaba abantu barangwa n’ibyishimo kandi buzuye guhimbaza Imana. Yosuwa n’ubwoko bw’Abisirayeli barabanje barasakuza bakoma akarūru, hanyuma inkike ziragwa. Bibiliya iduhamagarira “kwishimira mu Mwami iteka” (Fili. 4:4) kandi ngo “muri byose dushime” (1 Tes. 5:18a).

Rumwe mu ngero zifatika z’imbaraga ziri mu guhimbaza ruri mu 2 Ngoma 20 igihe Abayuda baterwaga n’ingabo z’Abamori n’iz’Abamoni. Imana isubiza gusenga k’umwami Yehoshafati yabwiye Abisirayeli iti:

Mwitinya kandi mwe gukurwa umutima n’izo ngabo nyinshi, kuko urugamba atari urwanyu ahubwo ni urw’Imana. Ejo muzamanuke mubatere… Muri iyo ntambara ntimuzagomba kurwana, muzahagarare mwireme inteko gusa, mwirebere agakiza Uwiteka azabaha yemwe Bayuda n’ab’i Yerusalemu (2 Ngoma 20:15b-17).

Inkuru irakomeza:

Bukeye bwaho bazinduka kare mu gitondo, barasohoka bajya mu butayu bw’i Tekowa. Bagisohoka Yehoshafati arahagarara aravuga ati, “Nimunyumve yemwe Bayuda namwe abatuye i Yerusalemu, mwizere Uwiteka Imana yanyu mubone gukomezwa, mwizere n’abahanuzi bayo mubone kugubwa neza.” Nuko amaze kujya inama n’abantu, ashyiraho abo kuririmbira Uwiteka, bagahimbaza ubwiza bwo gukiranuka kwe, barangaje imbere y’ingabo bavuga bati, “Nimuhimbaze Uwiteka, kuko imbabazi ze zihoraho iteka ryose.“ Batangiye kuririmba no guhimbaza, Uwiteka ashyiraho abo gucira igico Abamoni n’Abamowabu, n’abo ku musozi Seyiri bari bateye i Buyuda, baraneshwa. Kuko Abamoni n’Abamowabu bari bahagurukijwe no gutera abaturage bo ku musozi Seyiri ngo babice babarimbure rwose, nuko bamaze gutsemba ab’i Seyiri baherako barahindukana, bararimburana. Hanyuma Abayuda bageze ku munara w’abarinzi wo mu butayu, basanga ingabo zose zabaye imirambo irambaraye hasi, ari nta n’umwe wacitse ku icumu. Maze Yehoshafati n’ingabo ze bagiye kubanyaga, intumbi bazisangana iby’ubutunzi bwinshi n’iby’umurimbo by’igiciro cyinshi bīcūje ubwabo, byari byinshi cyane bituma batabasha kubimara, bamara iminsi itatu bakinyaga iminyago kuko yari myinshi.”(2 Ngoma 20: 20-25).

Guhimbaza kuzuye kwizera kuzana kurindwa no gutungishwa!

Ushaka gukomeza kwiga ku mbaraga zo guhimbaza, wareba Fili. 4:6-7 (guhimbaza bizana amahoro), 2 Ngoma 5:1-14 (guhimbaza Bizana kubaho kw’Imana), Ibyak 13:1-2 (guhimbaza bihishura intego n’imigambi y’Imana), n’Ibyak 16:22-26 (guhimbaza bituma habaho kurindwa n’Imana kandi imbohe zikabohorwa).

Nta gushidikanya, Imana ni yo yazanye igitekerezo cy’uko habaho imiryango. Bifite ishingiro rero gutekereza ko Imana ari yo yatuyobora ikatubwira uko bikwiye kugenda mu miryango ikanatuburira ku bigusha bisenya imiryango. Mu byukuri Imana yaduhaye amahame menshi mu Ijambo ryayo yerekeye ukuntu umuryango ugomba kuba uteye n’inshingano buri muntu uwugize agomba kuzuza. Iyo ayo mabwiiriza ya Bibiliya yubahirijwe, imiryango ibona imigisha yose Imana yayiteganyirije. Iyo atubahirijwe, ingaruka ni ibibazo n’imibabaro.

Inshingano z’Umugabo n’iz’Umugore

(The Role of Husband and Wife)

Imana yagennye ko umuryango wa gikristo uzakurikiza imiterere runaka. Bitewe n’uko iyo miterere ituma habaho kutanyeganyega k’ubuzima bw’umuryango, Satani akora uko ashoboye kugira ngo iyo miterere Imana yagennye ipfe.

Ubwa mbere, Imana yagennye ko umugabo aba umutwe w’urugo. Ibi ntabwo biha umugabo uburenganzira bwo gutwaza igitugu umugore we n’abana. Imana yahamagariye abagabo gukunda imiryango yabo, bakayirinda, bakayishakira ibiyitunga, kandi bakayiyobora nk’umutwe wayo koko. Imana kandi yagennye ko abagore bagandukira ubuyobozi bw’abagabo babo. Ibi bigaragara neza mu Byanditswe Byera:

Bagore, mugandukire abagabo banyu nk’uko mugandukira Umwami wacu, kuko umugabo ari we mutwe w’umugore we nk’uko Kristo ari umutwe w’itorero ari ryo mubiri we, ni na we Mukiza waryo. Ariko nk’uko Itorero rigandukira Kristo, abe ari ko abagore bagandukira abagabo babo muri byose (Ef. 5:22-24).

Umugabo ntabwo ari umutwe w’umugore mu buryo bw’umwuka–Yesu ni we ufite iyo nshingano. Yesu ni we mutwe w’itorero mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi umugore w’umukristo ni urugingo rw’itorero nk’umugabo we w’umukristo. Ariko mu muryango wa gikristo, umugabo ni umutwe w’umugore we n’abana, kandi bagomba kugandukira ubutware yahawe n’Imana.

Mbese umugore agomba kugandukira umugabo we kugeza ku ruhe rwego? Agomba kumugandukira muri byose, nk’uko Pawulo yavuze. Aho iryo tegeko ritakubahirizwa gusa ni igihe umugabo yaba ashaka ko acumura ku Ijambo ry’Imana cyangwa gukora ikindi kintu gihungabanya umutima-nama we. Birumvikana ko nta mugabo w’umukristo washaka gukoresha umugore we ibihabanye n’Ijambo ry’Imana cyangwa umutima-nama we. Umugabo si umwami w’umugore we–Yesu ni we wenyine ugira uwo mwanya mu bugingo bwe. Niba bibaye ngombwa ko ahitamo uwo agomba kumvira, agomba guhitamo Yesu.

Abagabo bagomba kwibuka ko atari buri gihe Imana “iba iri mu ruhande rwabo.” Imana yigeze kubwira Aburahamu gukora ibyo umugore we Sara amubwira gukora (reba Itang. 21:10-12). Bibiliya kandi ivuga ko Abigayili yanze kumvira umugabo we w’ikigoryi Nabali bigatuma amakuba yari agiye kuba akurwaho (reba 1 Sam. 25:2-38).

Ijambo ry’Imana Ku Bagabo

(God’s Word to Husbands)

Aagabo Imana irababwira iti:

Bagabo mukunde abagore banyu nk’uko Kristo yakunze itorero akaryitangira….Uko ni ko abagabo bakwiriye gukunda abagore babo nk’imibiri yabo. Ukunda umugore we aba yikunda, kuko ari nta muntu wakwanga umubiri we, ahubwo yawugaburira akawukuyakuya nk’uko Kristo abigirira itorero, kuko turi ingingo z’umubiri we….Nuko namwe umuntu wese akunde umugore we nk’uko yikunda, kugira ngo umugore na we abone uko yubaha umugabo we (Ef. 5:25, 28-30, 33).

Abagabo bategekwa gukunda abagore babo nk’uko Kristo akunda itorero. Iyo ntabwo ari inshingano yoroshye! Buri mugore wese yagandukira umugabo umukunda nk’uko Kristo akunda itorero, kandi akabikora yishimye rwose–Kristo yatanze ubugingo bwe ku bw’urukundo. Nk’uko Kristo akunda umubiri we, itorero, ni na ko umugabo agomba gukunda umugore babaye “umubiri umwe” (Ef. 5:31). Iyo umugabo w’umukristo akunze umugore we uko bikwiriye, amushakira ibimutunga, akamwitaho, akamwubahiriza, akamufasha, akamukomeza, kandi akagira umwanya wo kuba hamwe na we. Iyo umugabo ananiwe inshingano ye yo gukunda umugore we, aba ari mu kaga k’uko amasengesho ye ashobora kudasubizwa:

Namwe bagabo ni uko; mubane n’abagore banyu, mwerekane ubwenge mu byo mubagirira kuko bameze nk’inzabya [umubiri] zidahwanije namwe gukomera, kandi mubūbahe nk’abaraganwa namwe ubuntu bw’ubugingo, kugira ngo amasengesho yanyu ye kugira inkomyi (1 Pet. 3:7).

Birumvikana ko nta bashakanye bajya babura ibyo bapfa n’ibyo batumvikanaho. Ariko hamwe n’umurava no kugwiza imbuto z’umwuka mu bugingo bwacu, abagabo n’abagore bashobora kumenya kubana neza kandi bakarushaho kugenda babona imigisha y’ingo z’abakristo. Mu bibazo bitajya bibura mu ngo z’abashakanye zose, buri wese mu bashakanye ashobora kugenda arushaho gukura mu mwuka agenda asa na Kristo.

Niba ushaka gukomeza gukurikirana iby’inshingano z’abagabo n’abagore, reba Itang. 2:15-25; Imig. 19:13; 21:9, 19; 27:15-16; 31:10-31; 1 Kor. 11:3; 13:1-8; Kolo. 3:18-19; 1 Tim. 3:4-5; Tito 2:3-5; 1 Pet. 3:1-7.

Imibonano Mpuzabitsina Ku Bashakanye

(Sex in Marriage)

Imana ni yo yashyizeho imibonano mpuzabitsina, kandi biragaragara ko yabishyizeho ku bw’umunezero ndetse no kororoka kw’abantu. Ariko Bibiliya, igaragaza neza ko imibonano mpuzabitsina yemerewe kwishimirwa gusa n’abasezeranye isezerano ryo kubana akaramata.

Imibonano mpuzabitsina idakozwe n’abashakanye iba ari ubuhehesi cyangwa ubusambanyi. Intumwa Pawulo yavuze ko abakora ibisa bityo batazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (reba 1 Kor. 6:9-11). Nubwo umukristo ashobora kugeragezwa cyangwa ndetse akagwa no mu cyaha cy’ubuhehesi cyangwa ubusambanyi, ariko umutima we umucira urubanza cyane ku buryo bituma yihana.

Pawulo kandi yanatanze amabwiriza yihariye arebana n’inshingano z’abagabo n’abagore mu by’imibonano mpuzabitsina:

Ariko ku bwo kwirinda gusambana, umugabo wese agire uwe mugore, n’umugore wese agire uwe mugabo. Umugabo ahe umugore we ibimukwiriye kandi n’umugore na we abigenze atyo ku mugabo we, kuko umugore adatwara umubiri we ahubwo utwarwa n’umugabo we, kandi n’umugabo na we adatwara umubiri we ahubwo utwarwa n’umugore we. Ntimukimane keretse ahari musezeranye igihe, kugira ngo mubone uburyo bwo gusenga, kandi mwongere guhura Satani atabagerageresha iruba ry’imibiri yanyu (1 Kor. 7:2-5).

Iyi mirongo igaragaza neza ko imibonano mpuzabitsina itagomba kuba nk’ “igihembo” umugabo aha umugore we cyangwa umugore aha umugabo we kuko bose ntawe ufite ubutware ku mubiri we.

Ikindi kandi imibonano mpuzabitsina ni impano yatanzwe n’Imana ntabwo ari icyaha cyangwa ikintu kitejejwe, bipfa gusa kuba bikozwe n’abashakanye. Pawulo yashishikarije abashakanye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina. Kandi na none hari inama iri mu gitabo cy’Imigani ihabwa abagabo b’abakristo:

Isōko yawe ihirwe, kandi wishimire umugore w’ubusore bwawe. Nk’imparakazi ikundwa n’isirabo nziza, amabere ye ahore akunezeza, kandi ujye wishimira cyane urukundo rwe (Imig. 5:18-19).[1]

Niba abakristo bashakanye bashaka kunezezwa n’imibonano mpuzabitsina yabo, abagabo n’abagore bagomba gusobanukirwa ko hari itandukaniro rinini cyane riri hagati y’imiterere y’umugabo n’umugore mu byerekeye iby’imibonano. Ugereranyije abagabo n’abagore, iby’umugabo bishingiye cyane ku mubiri, mu gihe iby’umugore bishingiye ku marangamutima. Abagabo baterwa ubushake no kureba (reba Mat 5:28), mu gihe abagore bo babishakishwa no ubusābāne hamwe no kubakoraho (reba 1 Kor. 7:1). Abagabo bakururwa n’abagore bashimishije amaso yabo; naho abagore bagakururwa cyane n’abagabo bemera cyane ku bw’impamvu nyinshi zinyuranye zitari ukubera uko bateye ku mubiri gusa. Ku bw’ibyo rero abagore b’abanyabwenge bashaka ukuntu bahora basa neza cyane kugira ngo banezeze abagabo babo. Abagabo b’abanyabwenge na bo bereka abagore babo urukundo iteka babahobera kandi babakorera utuntu twiza two kubereka ko babitayeho, aho gutekereza ko abagore babo bari buhite “babishaka” ako kanya gusa bakitse imirimo umunsi urangiye.

Ubushake bw’umugabo bwiyongera uko amasohoro agwira mu mubiri we, naho ubushake bw’umugore bwiyongera cyangwa bukagabanuka bitewe n’uko ibihe by’imihango ye ya buri kwezi bimeze. Abagabo bashobora kubishaka cyane bakagera ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane bakanarangiza mu masegonda make cyangwa iminota, ariko abagore bibafata umwanya muremure. Nubwo umugabo mu masegonda make aba yamaze kugira ubushake buhagije butuma yatangira imibonano, umugore we ashobora kuba atarabishaka cyane ku buryo ajya mu mibonano nibura mu gihe kingana n’iminota mirongo itatu. Ku bw’ibyo rero abagabo b’abanyabwenge bafata umwanya uhagije wo kubanza gukorakora, gusoma no kwagaza ahantu hose ku mibiri y’abagore babo hatuma umugore agera ku rugero rwo kwinjira mu mibonano. Igihe adasobanukiwe aho hantu hatuma umugore we yumva abishatse aho ari ho, yakagombye kumubaza. Ikindi kandi agomba kumenya ko nubwo we ashobora kurangiza rimwe gusa, umugore we afite ubushobozi bwo kurangiza kenshi. Ubwo rero umugabo agomba kureba ko umugore we abona icyo yifuza.

Ni ngombwa cyane ko abagabo n’abagore babo b’abakristo baganira bakabwizanya ukuri ku byo buri wese akeneye bityo buri wese akamenya byinshi bishoboka ku mitandukanire y’ibitsina byombi. Nyuma y’amezi n’imyaka abashakanye babwizanya ukuri mu busabāne, bagira ibyo bavumbura mu mibonano yabo, barushaho kugenda bagwiza ibyishimo mu mibonano yabo.

Abana b’Umuryango Wa Gikristo

(Children of a Christian Family)

Abana bagomba kwigishwa kugandukira no kumvira rwose ababyeyi babo b’Abakristo. Kandi baramutse bagenjeje batyo, bafite amasezerano yo kuramba n’indi migisha:

Bana, mujye mwumvira ababyeyi banyu mu Mwami wacu, kuko ari byo bibakwiriye.. “Wubahe so na nyoko” (iryo ni ryo tegeko rya mbere ririmo isezerano), “kugira ngo ugireamahoro uramire mu isi” (Ef. 6:1-3).

Ba se w’abana b’Abakristo, nk’imitwe y’ingo zabo, bahabwa inshingano y’ibanze yo gutoza abana babo:

Namwe ba se ntimugasharirire abana banyu, ahubwo mubarere mubahana, mubigisha iby’Umwami wacu (Ef. 6:4).

Urabona ko inshingano ya se w’abana ikubiyemo ibintu bibiri: kurera abana be abahana kandi abigisha iby’Umwami.

Guhana Umwana

(Child Discipline)

Umwana udahanwe akura aba ikigēnge kandi yikunda gusa. Abana bagomba guhanwa buri gihe cyose banze kumvira nkana amategeko mazima yashyizweho n’ababyeyi babo. Abana ntibagomba guhanirwa udukosa two gukubagana by’abana cyangwa uburangare bw’abana. Nyamara bagomba gusabwa kwirengēra ingaruka z’amakosa n’uburangare bwabo, bityo ukaba ubafashije kwitegura kuzahangana n’ibibazo umuntu ahura na byo mu buzima bw’abantu bakuru.

Abana bato bagomba guhanishwa akanyāfu, nk’uko Ijambo ry’Imana rivuga. Ariko birumvikana ko impinja zitagomba gukubitwa akanyāfu. Ibi ntibivuga ko abana bakiri impinja ugomba kubareka bagakora ibyo bashaka. Mu by’ukuri kuva umwana akivuka, agomba kumenya ko se na nyina ari bo bafite ijambo. Kuva umwana akiri muto cyane ashobora kwigishwa icyo ijambo “oya” rivuga mu kumubuza gusa ibyo yakoraga cyangwa ibyo yendaga gukora. Igihe amaze gutangira kumenya icyo “oya ” bisobanuye, agashyi ku kibuno kazamufasha no gusobanukirwa kurushaho igihe atumviye. Igihe ukomeje gukora ibyo kenshi, umwana amenya kumvira kuva akiri muto cyane.

Ababyeyi kandi bashobora gukomeza ubutware bwabo banga gushyigikira imyifatire itari myiza y’abana babo, nko kudahita babaha ikintu buri gihe cyose bakiririye. Iyo umwana umuhaye ikintu uko arize, uba umwigisha kujya arira kugira ngo abone icyo ashaka. Cyangwa igihe ababyeyi baha abana ibyo bashaka birakaje cyangwa bijunditse, abo babyeyi baba bashyigikira abana muri bene iyo myifatire mibi. Ababyeyi b’abanyabwenge bahemba abana babo igihe bitwaye neza gusa.

Gukubita umwana ntibigomba kumukomeretsa cyangwa ngo ababare birenze urugero, ariko na none agomba kubabara nibura ku buryo bituma arira akanya gato. Muri ubwo buryo umwana yiga guhuza ububabare no kutumvira. Bibiliya ibyo ihamya ni ibi:

Urinda umwana inkoni aba amwanze, ariko ukunda umwana we amuhana hakiri kare….Ubupfapfa buhambiriwe ku mutima w’umwana, ariko inkoni ihana izabimucaho….Ntukange guhana umwana, kuko numukubita umunyafu atazapfa. Uzamukubita umunyafu, maze uzakiza ubugingo bwe kujya ikuzimu….Umunyafu no gucyaha byigisha ubwenge, ariko umwana bandaritse akoza nyina isoni (Imig. 13:24; 22:15; 23:13-14; 29:15).

Iyo ababyeyi bashyizeho amategeko bakayakomeza, ntibakeneye gukangisha umwana ngo baramukubita kugira ngo yumvire. Iyo umwana yanze kumvira, agomba gukubitwa umunyafu. Iyo umubyeyi akomeza gukangisha umwana wanze kumvira ngo aramukubita ntamukubite, icyo aba akora ahubwo ni ugukomeza uko kutumvira k’uwo mwana we. Icyo bibyara ni uko uwo mwana akomeza kwikorera ibyo akora byo kutumvira, kugeza ubwo gusa ibyo bikangisho by’ababyeyi be abona bikabije.

Nyuma y’uko umwana yakubiswe umunyafu, ugomba kuza kumwegera ukamuhobera kugira ngo umugaragarize urukundo rwa kibyeyi, amenye ko utamukubise umwanze.

Toza Umwana

(Train Up a Child)

Ababyeyi b’Abakristo bafite inshingano yo gutoza abana babo, nk’uko dusoma mu gitabo cy’Imigani 22:6: “Menyereza umwana inzira akwiriye kunyuramo, azarinda asaza atarayivamo.”

Gutoza umwana si ukumuhanira amakosa gusa ahubwo ni no kumuhembera imyitwarire myiza. Abana bakwiriye guhora bashimwa n’ababyeyi babo kugira ngo barusheho gushishikarira gukora neza. Abana bakunda kumvishwa kenshi ko bakunzwe, ko bishimirwa n’ababyeyi babo kandi ko babashima. Ababyeyi bashobora kwereka abana urukundo rwabo babashima, babahobera banabasoma, cyangwa no mu gufata umwanya wo kubana na bo.

“Gutoza” bisobanura “gutuma umuntu yubaha.” Nuko rero ababyeyi b’abakristo ntibagomba guha abana babo guhitamo kujya guterana cyangwa kubireka, cyangwa gusenga buri munsi cyangwa bakabireka igihe bumva bitabishaka, n’ibindi. Abana ntibaba basobanukiwe bihagije kugira ngo bamenye igikwiriye–ni yo mpamvu Imana yabahaye ababyeyi. Ababyeyi bitanga bagakora uko bashoboye ngo batoze abana babo imyifatire mizima, Imana ibasezeranya ko abo bana babo nibamara gukura batazigera bateshuka ngo bave mu nzira itunganye, nk’uko twasomye mu gitabo cy’Imigani 22:6.

Kandi abana uko bagenda bakura bakwiriye kugenda bongererwa inshingano. Intego yo kurera neza ni ugutegurira umwana buhoro buhoro kuzashobora gusohoza inshingano zabo neza aho bazabera bakuru. Uko umwana agenda akura, akwiriye kugenda ahabwa buhoro buhoro umudendezo wo kwifatira ibyemezo. Ikindi kandi abageze mu bihe byo kuba ingimbi n’abangavu bagomba kumva ko bagomba kwirengera ingaruka z’ibyemezo byabo kandi bakamenya ko ababyeyi batazahora bari iruhande rwabo ngo “babatabare” mu kaga.

Inshingano y’Ababyeyi Yo Kwigisha

(Parents’ Responsibility to Instruct)

Nk’uko twasomye mu gitabo cy’Abefeso 6:4, ba se b’abana ntibashinzwe guhana abana babo gusa, ahubwo bashinzwe no kubigisha iby’Umwami. Ntabwo ari inshingano y’itorero kwigisha umwana ikinyabupfura gishingiye kuri Bibiliya, imyifatire ya gikristo cyangwa iby’Ijambo ry’Imana–ni umurimo wa se. Ababyeyi begurira umwarimu w’ishuri ryo ku cyumweru inshingano zose zo kwigisha abana babo iby’Imana baba bakora ikosa rikomeye cyane.Imana yategetse Abisirayeli icishije muri Mose iti:

Aya mategeko ngutegeka uyu munsi ahore ku mutima wawe. Ujye ugira umwete wo kuyigisha abana bawe, ujye uyavuga wicaye mu nzu yawe, n’uko ugenda mu nzira n’uko uryamye n’uko ubyutse (Guteg. 6:6-7).

Ababyeyi b’abakristo bakwiriye gutangira kubwira abana babo iby’Imana kuva bakiri bato cyane, bakababwira Imana iyo ari yo n’ukuntu ibakunda. Abana bato bakwiriye kubwirwa inkuru yo kuvuka kwa Yesu, ubuzima bwe, gupfa kwe no kuzuka kwe. Abana benshi bashobora gusobanukirwa inkuru y’ubutumwa bwiza ku myaka itanu cyangwa itandatu kandi bashobora no gufata icyemezo cyo gukorera Uwiteka. Nyuma yaho gato (ku myaka itandatu cyangwa irindwi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ari na bato kurushaho), bashobora kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera ndetse bikagaragazwa no kuvuga mu ndimi. Birumvikana ko nta mategeko ndakuka twashyiraho cyangwa imyaka runaka ntarengwa kuko buri mwana wese aba afite uko ateye yihariye. Icyo nshaka kuvuga aha gusa ni uko ababyeyi b’abakristo bagomba guha umwanya w’ibanze mu byo bakora mu isi inshingano yo gutoza abana babo mu by’umwuka.

Amategeko Icumi Yo Gukunda Abana Bawe

(Ten Rules for Loving Your Children)

1). Ntugasharirire abana bawe (reba Ef. 6:4). Abana ntugomba gutekereza ko bifata nk’abantu bakuru. Nubashakaho byinshi cyane birenze, bazareka ibyo kugerageza kugushimisha, kuko bazabona ko bidashoboka.

2). Ntukagereranye abana bawe n’abandi bana. Bumvishe ukuntu ushima ibyiza bafite bidasa n’iby’abandi hamwe n’impano bahawe n’Imana.

3). Bahe inshingano mu bireba urugo kugira ngo basobanukirwe ko bafite agaciro cyane mu muryango. Ibyo umuntu ashoboye gusohoza inshingano ni kimwe mu bintu bikomeye cyane bituma umuntu yumva ko afite agaciro.

4). Fata umwanya wo kubana n’abana bawe. Ibyo bituma bumva ko ari ab’igiciro kuri wowe. Ibintu wabaha ntibishobora gusimbura kubiha wowe ubwawe. Ikindi kandi, abana bafata cyane imico y’abantu bakunze kuba bari kumwe na bo kenshi.

5). Niba hari ikintu kibi ushaka kuvuga, gerageza kukivuga mu buryo bwiza. Nta na rimwe ndabwira abana banjye ko ari “babi” igihe batanyumviye. Ahubwo nshobora nko kubwira umuhungu wanjye nti, “Uri umwana mwiza, kandi abana beza ntabwo bajya bakora nk’ibyo umaze gukora!” (Ngahita mucishaho umunyafu).

6). Sobanukirwa ko ijambo “oya” risobanura ngo “Nkwitayeho.” Iyo abana bakora ibyo bishakiye byose, bumva mu bitekerezo byabo ko utabitayeho ku buryo hari ibintu wababuza.

7). Menya ko abana bawe bazakwigana. Abana bigira ku rugero bahabwa n’ababyeyi babo. Umubyeyi w’umunyabwenge ntabwo yigera abwira umwana we ngo, “Jya ukora ibyo mvuga, ntugakore nk’ibyo nkora.”

8). Ntugashake gukemurira abana bawe buri kibazo cyose. Bakurireho ibyabagusha gusa; ariko ibindi byatuma bakomera bakazamenya guhangana n’ubuzima ubireke.

9). Korera Imana n’umutima wawe wose. Maze kubona ko abana bafite ababyeyi b’akazuyazi mu buryo bw’umwuka, ari gake cyane bakomeza gukorera Imana iyo bakuze. Abana bakijijwe ariko bakagira ababyeyi b’abapagani n’abana bafite ababyeyi bashikamye mu gakiza, ubusanzwe bakomeza gukorera Imana iyo “basohotse mu cyāri.”

10). Igisha abana bawe Ijambo ry’Imana. Akenshi ababyeyi bashyira imbere kwiga kw’abana babo ariko bakananirwa kubaha uburere bw’ingenzi kuruta ubundi, uburere bwo muri Bibiliya.

Ikibanziriza ikindi hagati y’Umurimo w’Imana, Urushako n’Umuryango

(The Priorities of Ministry, Marriage and Family)

Birashoboka ko ikosa rikunze gukorwa n’abakozi b’Imana ari ukutita ku rushako rwabo n’imiryango yabo bitewe no kwitangira umurimo w’Imana bakora. Bakisobanura bavuga ko icyo ari igitambo batanga “ku bw’umurima w’Imana.”

Iryo kosa rikosorwa igihe umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa asobanukiwe ko kumvira Imana kwe nyakuri no kuyiyegurira bigaragarira mu mibanire ye n’uwo bashakanye n’abana be. Umukozi w’Imana ntiyakwihandagaza ngo avuge ko yiyeguriye Imana kandi adakunda umugore we nk’uko Kristo akunda Itorero, cyangwa mu gihe atajya agira igihe gikwiriye amarana n’abana be abarerera kandi abahugurira mu Mwami.

Ikindi kandi, umukozi w’Imana utita ku wo bashakanye n’abana be ku bw'”umurimo w’Imana” ubusanzwe icyo ni ikimenyetso cyerekana ko uwo murimo arimo awukorera mu mubiri agerageza kwirwanirira akoresha imbaraga ze gusa. Abapastori benshi bo mu matorero dini bikorera imitwaro ibashengura y’umurimo barabigaragaza, igihe birushya cyane bakagwa agacuho bagira ngo barebe ko gahunda z’Itorero zose zakomeza zikagenda neza.

Yesu yavuze ko umutwaro we utaremereye kandi ko n’ingata ye itababaza (reba Mat. 11:30). Nta mukozi w’Imana n’umwe ahamagarira kwerekana uburyo yitangiye isi cyangwa Itorero atanga umuryango we ho igitambo. Mu by’ukuri ahubwo icyo umukuru w’Itorero asabwa ni uko “akwiriye kuba ari umuntu utegeka neza abo mu rugo rwe” (1 Tim. 3:4). Uburyo abanye n’umuryango we ni cyo kigaragaza intege afite zo gukora umurimo w’Imana.

Abahamagariwe umurimo wo gukora ingendo cyane bikaba ngombwa ko basiga imiryango yabo, bagomba gufata ikindi gihe kirenzeho cy’umwihariko cyo kwita ku miryango yabo igihe bagarutse bavuye mu ngendo. Bene Data bafatanyije umurimo n’abantu nk’abo bagomba gukora uko bashoboye bakabafasha kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa asobanukirwa ko abana be ari bo bigishwa be ba mbere. Iyo iyo nshingano imunaniye, nta burenganzira afite bwo kugerageza gushaka guhindura rubanda rwo hanze abigishwa.

[1] Kugira ngo urusheho kubona neza gihamya cy’uko Imana itarwanya imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bashakanye, reba Indirimbo ya Salomo 7:1-9 n’Abalewi 18:1-23.

Mu nzandiko zose zo mu Isezerano Rishya tugenda tubona amagambo nk’aya ngo “muri Kristo,” “hamwe na Kristo,” “ku bwa Kristo,” no “muri We.”Ibi kenshi na kenshi biba bigaragaza umugisha twebwe nk’abizera dufite bitewe n’ibyo Kristo yadukoreye. Nitwireba nk’uko Imana itubona, “muri Kristo,” bizadufasha kubaho nk’uko Imana ishaka ko tubaho. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa azashaka kwigisha abigishwa be abo bari bo muri Kristo kugira ngo abafashe kugera ku kigero gikwiye cyo gukura mu mwuka.

Mbere na mbere, bisobanura iki kuba “muri Kristo”?

Iyo tuvutse ubwa kabiri, tuba dushyizwe mu mubiri wa Kristo kandi tuba tubaye umwe na We mu buryo bw’umwuka. Reka turebe imirongo imwe yo mu nzandiko zo mu Isezerano Rishya ihamya ibyo:

Natwe ni ko turi kuko turi benshi, nyamara turi umubiri umwe muri Kristo (Rom. 12:5).

Ariko uwifatanya n’Umwami Yesu aba abaye umwuka umwe na We (1 Kor. 6:17).

Nuko rero muri umubiri wa Kristo, kandi umuntu wese wo muri mwe ni urugingo rwawo (1 Kor. 12:27).

Twebwe twizeye Umwami Yesu Kristo tugomba kwibona nk’abamuteweho, ingingo z’umubiri we kandi umwuka umwe na We. Aturimo natwe tumurimo.

Dore umurongo utubwira ku migisha imwe dufite yo kuba muri Kristo:

Ni yo ibaha kuba muri Kristo Yesu waduhindukiye ubwenge buva ku Mana, no gukiranuka no kwezwa no gucungurwa (1 Kor. 1:30).

Muri Kristo twagizwe abakiranutsi (twagizwe “abere ” none ubu dukora ibitunganye), twarejejwe (twarobanuriwe Imana kugira ngo idukoreshe ibyera), kandi twaracunguwe (twaguzwe tuvanwa mu bubata). Ntabwo dutegereje kuzagirwa abakiranutsi, kwezwa cyangwa kuzacungurwa kera mu bihe bizaza. Ahubwo iyo migisha yose turayifite ubu kuko turi muri Kristo.

Muri Kristo ibyaha byacu bya kera byarababariwe:

Ni We wadukijije ubutware bw’umwijima, akadukuramo akatujyana mu bwami bw’Umwana We akunda. Ni We waducunguje amaraso ye ngo tubone kubabarirwa ibyaha byacu (Kolo. 1:13-14).

Urabona ko iki cyanditswe kinatubwira ko tutakiri mu bwami bwa Satani, ahantu h’umwijima, ahubwo ubu turi mu bwami bw’umucyo, ubwami bwa Yesu.

Umuntu wese iyo ari muri Kristo, aba ari icyaremwe gishya, ibya kera biba bishize. Dore byose biba bihindutse bishya (2 Kor. 5:17).

Imana ishimwe ko iyo uri umuyoboke wa Kristo, uba uri “icyaremwe gishya,” nk’uko ikinyabwoya gihinduka ikinyugunyugu! Umwuka wawe uba wahawe kamere nshya. Mbere wari ufite kamere ya Satani mu mwuka wawe yo kwikunda, ariko ubu noneho iby’ubuzima bwawe bwa kera byose “byavuyeho.”

Indi migisha iri muri Kristo

(More Blessings in Christ)

Mwese muri abana b’Imana mubiheshejwe no kwizera Kristo Yesu (Gal. 3:26).

Mbese si iby’igiciro cyane kumenya ko turi abana b’Imana bwite, babyawe n’Umwuka wayo? Iyo tuyegereye dusenga, ntituyisanga nk’Imana yacu gusa ahubwo tunayisanga nka Data!

Kuko turi abo yaremye ituremeye imirimo myiza muri Kristo Yesu, iyo Imana yiteguriye kera kugira ngo tuyigenderemo (Ef. 2:10).

Imana ntiyaturemye rimwe gusa, ahubwo yaranongeye iturema bundi bushya muri Kristo. Kandi buri muntu muri twe, Imana yamuteganirije umurimo azakora, “imirimo myiza …yiteguriye kera.” Buri wese muri twe afite uko Imana yamugeneye.

Kuko Utigeze kumenya icyaha Imana yamuhinduye kuba icyaha ku bwacu, kugira ngo muri We duhinduke gukiranuka kw’Imana (2 Kor. 5:21).

Gukiranuka dufite bitewe n’uko turi muri Kristo, mu byukuri ni ugukiranuka bwite kw’Imana. Ibyo ni ukubera ko Imana yatuye muri twe kandi ikaduhindura ku bw’Umwuka Wera. Ibikorwa byacu byiza mu byukuri ni ibikorwa Imana ikorera muri twe.

Oya, ahubwo muri ibyo byose turushishwaho kunesha n’uwadukunze (Rom. 8:37).

Mbese “ibyo byose” Pawulo yanditse avugaho ni ibiki? Imirongo ibanziriza uwo murongo mu gitabo cy’Abaroma igaragaza ko ibyo ari ibigeragezo n’imibabaro abizera bahura na byo. No mu kwicwa duhorwa Imana ni twe tuba tunesheje, nubwo isi ibona ko twishwe. Turushishwaho kunesha muri Kristo kuko igihe dupfuye tujya mu ijuru!

Nshobozwa byose na Kristo umpa imbaraga (Fili 4:13).

Muri Kristo, nta na kimwe kitadushobokera kuko Imana iduha ubushobozi n’imbaraga. Dushobora gukora umurimo wose iduhaye.

Kandi Imana yanjye izabamara ubukene bwanyu bwose, nk’uko ubutunzi bw’ubwiza bwayo buri muri Kristo Yesu (Fili. 4:19).

Dushobora kwizera ko Imana izatumara ubukene bwacu bwose niba dushaka mbere na mbere ubwami bwayo. Uwiteka ni we mwungeri wacu, kandi yita ku ntama ze!

Kwemeranya n’Ibyo Imana Ivuga

(Agreeing With What God Says)

Birababaje ko bamwe muri twe batizera icyo Ijambo ry’Imana rituvugaho, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amagambo twatura avuguruza icyo Bibiliya ivuga. Aho kuvuga ngo, “Nshobozwa byose na Kristo umpa imbaraga” turavuga ngo, “Sinzi ko nzabishobora.”

Amagambo nk’ayo ni yo Bibiliya yita “inkuru z’incamugongo” kuko atemeranya n’ibyo Imana ivuga (reba Kub. 13:32). Nyamara iyo imitima yacu yuzuye Ijambo ry’Imana, twuzura kwizera, tukizera kandi tukatura amagambo ahamanya n’Ibyanditswe Byera.

Bimwe Mu Byo Bibiliya Ivuga

(Some Biblical Declarations)

Tugomba kwizera kandi tukavuga ko turi abo Imana ivuga ko turi bo.

Tugomba kwizera kandi tukavuga ko dushobora gukora ibyo Imana ivuga ko dushobora gukora.

Tugomba kwizera kandi tukavuga ko Imana iri uko ivuga ko iri.

Tugomba kwizera kandi tukavuga ko Imana izakora ibyo ivuga ko izakora.

Hano hari amagambo yo muri Bibiliya buri mwizera wese ashobora kwatura ashize amanga. Ntabwo yose ari ko ari mu byo kuba “muri Kristo”, ariko yose ni ukuri kwa Bibiliya.

Naracunguwe, narejejwe kandi nagizwe umukiranutsi muri Kristo (reba 1 Kor. 1:30).

Nakuwe mu bwami bw’umwijima nshyirwa mu bwami bw’Umwana w’Imana, ubwami bw’umucyo (reba Kolo. 1:13).

Ibyaha byanjye byose byarababariwe muri Kristo (reba Ef. 1:7).

Ndi icyaremwe gishya muri Kristo–ibyo mu buzima bwanjye bya kera byarashize (reba 2 Kor. 5:17).

Imana yanteguriye kera imirimo myiza kugira ngo nyigenderemo (reba Ef. 2:10).

Nahindutse gukiranuka kw’Imana muri Kristo (reba 2 Kor. 5:21).

Muri byose ndushishwaho kunesha na Kristo wankunze (reba Rom. 8:37).

Nshobozwa byose na Kristo umpa imbaraga (reba Fili. 4:13).

Imana yanjye imara ubukene bwanjye bwose ku bw’ubutunzi bw’ubwiza bwayo muri Kristo (reba Fili. 4:19).

Nahamagariwe kuba uwera (reba 1 Kor. 1:2).

Ndi umwana w’Imana (reba Yoh 1:12, 1 Yoh 3:1-2).

Umubiri wanjye ni urusengero rw’Umwuka Wera (reba 1 Kor. 6:19).

Si jye ukiriho, ahubwo ni Kristo uba muri jye (reba Gal. 2:20).

Nabatuwe mu butware bwa Satani (reba Ibyak 26:18).

Umwuka Wera yasutse urukundo rw’Imana mu mutima wanjye (reba Rom. 5:5).

Uri muri jye aruta uri (Satani) mu isi (reba 1 Yohana 4:4).

Nahawe imigisha yose yo mu buryo bw’umwuka ahantu ho mu ijuru muri Kristo (reba Ef. 1:3).

Nicaranye na Kristo mu ijuru, hejuru cyane y’imbaraga zose za Satani (reba Ef. 2:4-6).

Kuko nkunda Imana kandi nkaba narahamagawe nk’uko yabigambiriye, ituma byose bifataniriza hamwe bikanzanira ibyiza (reba Rom. 8:28).

Niba Imana iri mu ruhande rwanjye, umubisha wanjye ni nde? (reba Rom. 8:31).

Ntacyantandukanya n’urukundo rwa Kristo (reba Rom. 8:35-39).

Byose biranshobokera kuko nizera (reba Mariko 9:23).

Ndi umutambyi w’Imana (reba Ibyah. 1:6).

Imana inyoboza Umwuka wayo kuko ndi umwana wayo (reba Rom. 8:14).

Uko nkurikira Umwami, niko ndushaho kugenda murikirwa n’umucyo mu nzira yanjye (reba Imig. 4:18).

Imana yampaye impano zidasanzwe ku bw’umurimo wayo (reba 1 Pet. 4:10-11).

Nshobora kwirukana abadayimoni no kurambika ibiganza ku barwayi bagakira (reba Mar. 16:17-18).

Imana ingeza ku ntsinzi iteka muri Kristo (reba 2 Kor. 2:14).

Ndi intumwa mu cyimbo cya Kristo (reba 2 Kor. 5:20).

Mfite ubugingo buhoraho (reba Yoh 3:16).

Ibyo nsabye byose nsenga, nizeye, ndabibona (reba Mat. 21:22).

Ku bwo gukubitwa kwa Yesu, nakize indwara (reba 1 Pet. 2:24).

Ndi umunyu w’isi kandi ndi umucyo w’isi (reba Mat. 5:13-14).

Ndi umuragwa w’Imana kandi ndi umuraganwa na Yesu Kristo (reba Rom. 8:17).

Ndi uwo mu bwoko bwatoranyijwe, abatambyi b’ubwami, ishyanga ryera, abantu Imana yironkeye (reba 1 Pet. 2:9).

Ndi urugingo rw’umubiri wa Kristo (reba 1 Kor. 12:27).

Uwiteka ni umwungeri wanjye, sinzakena (reba Zab. 23:1).

Uwiteka ni we ukingira ubugingo bwanjye–nzatinya nde? (reba Zab. 27:1).

Imana izampaza kuramba (reba Zab. 91:16).

Kristo yikoreye indwara zanjye, yishyizeho imibabaro yanjye (reba Yes. 53:4-5).

Uwiteka ni umutabazi wanjye, sinzatinya (reba Heb. 13:6).

Imitwaro yanjye yose nyikoreza Uwiteka kuko anyitaho (reba 1 Pet. 5:7).

Ndwanya Satani akampunga (reba Yak. 4:7).

Mbona ubugingo kuko nemera kububura ku bwa Yesu (reba Mat. 16:25).

Ndi umugaragu w’imbata w’Uwiteka (reba 1 Kor. 7:22).

Kuri jye, kubaho ni Kristo no gupfa ni inyungu (reba Fili. 1:21).

Iwacu ni mu ijuru (reba Fili. 3:20).

Imana izasohoza umurimo mwiza yatangiye muri jye (reba Fili. 1:6).

Imana ni yo intera gukora ibyo yishimira (reba Fili. 2:13).

Nakijijwe umuvumo w’amategeko (reba Gal. 3:13).

Aya ni amagambo macye gusa y’urugero rw’ukuntu dushobora kwatura neza dushingiye ku Ijambo ry’Imana. Byaba byiza umuntu agize akamenyero ko kwatura aya magambo kugeza ubwo ayo mahame ashinga imizi mu mutima. Kandi tugomba kugenzura buri jambo ryose riva mu kanwa kacu kugira ngo tumenye niba tutarwanya ibyo Imana yavuze.

Ariko umuntu wese muri twe yahawe ubuntu nk’uko urugero rw’impano ya Kristo ruriBut to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ’s gift….Nuko aha bamwe kuba intumwa ze, n’abandi kuba abahanuzi, n’abandi kuba ababwirizabutumwa bwiza, n’abandi kuba abungeri n’abigisha, kugira ngo abera batunganirizwe rwose gukora umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana no gukomeza umubiri wa Kristo, kugeza ubwo twese tuzasohora kugira ubumwe bwo kwizera no kumenya Umwana w’Imana, kandi kugeza ubwo tuzasohora kuba abantu bashyitse bageze ku rugero rushyitse rw’igihagararo cya Kristo (Ef. 4:7, 11-13).

Imana yashyize bamwe mu Itorero, ubwa mbere intumwa, ubwa kabiri abahanuzi, ubwa gatatu abigisha, maze ishyiraho abakora ibitangaza n’abahawe impano zo gukiza indwara, n’abahawe gufasha abandi, n’abahawe gutwara, n’abahawe kuvuga indimi nyinshi (1 Kor. 12:28).

Impano z’umurimo, nk’uko zikunze kwitwa, ni imihamagaro n’ubushobozi butandukanye buhabwa abizera bamwe bubashoboza guhagarara mu murimo wo kuba intumwa, abahanuzi, ababwirizabutumwa bwiza, abungeri n’abigisha. Nta n’umwe ushobora kwishyira muri iyi myanya. Ahubwo umuntu agomba guhamagarwa n’Imana kandi agahabwa impano na yo.

Birashoboka ko umuntu umwe ashobora kugira imihamagaro irenze umwe muri iyi uko ari itanu, ariko hari bimwe bishobora kubangikanwa n’ibindi bitabangikanwa. Urugero umuntu ashobora guhamagarwa nk’umwungeri n’umwigisha cyangwa nk’umuhanuzi n’umwigisha. Nyamara biragoye ko umuntu ahamagarwa nk’umwungeri n’umubwirizabutumwa bwiza bitewe n’uko gusa umurimo w’ubwungeri usaba ko umuntu aguma ahantu hamwe akita ku mukumbi waho, bityo rero ntiyasohoza umurimo w’umubwirizabutumwa bwiza ugomba guhora ari mu ngendo.

Nubwo iyi mihamagaro uko ari itanu ifite impano zihariye kubw’impamvu zitandukanye, yose yahawe itorero kubw’intego imwe rusange–kugira ngo “abera batunganirizwe rwose gukora umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana” (Ef. 4:12).[1] Intego ya buri mukozi w’Imana yari ikwiye kuba iyo guha abantu batunganye (ni cyo ijambo “abera” risobanura) ubushobozi bwo gukora umurimo w’Imana. Ariko kenshi na kenshi ahubwo, abari mu murimo bakora nk’aho batahamagariwe gutegurira abera gukora umurimo w’Imana, ahubwo basa nk’aho bahamagariwe gushimisha abanyamubiri bicaye mu materaniro–amateraniro y’itorero. Buri muntu wese wahamagawe muri umwe muri iyi mihamagaro agomba guhora asuzuma uruhare rwe mu “gutunganyiriza rwose abera umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana.” Buri mukozi w’Imana agenje atyo, abenshi bakuraho ibikorwa byinshi byitirirwa “umurimo w’Imana” mu mafuti.

Mbese Impano z’Umurimo Zimwe Zari Iz’Itorero Rya Mbere Gusa?

(Were Some Ministry Gifts Only for the Early Church?)

Mbse izi mpano z’umurimo zizahabwa itorero kugeza ryari? Yesu azazitanga igihe cyose abera be bazaba bagikeneye gutunganirizwa umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana, kandi ibyo ni ukugeza nibura igihe azagarukira. Itorero rihora ryunguka abakristo bashya bavuka baba bakeneye gukura, kandi natwe twese tuba dufite ahantu tugikeneye gukura mu by’Umwuka.

Ikibabaje ni uko hari abavuga bemeza ko muri iki gihe hariho imihamagaro y’uburyo bubiri gusa–abungeri n’ababwirizabutumwa–nk’aho Imana yahinduye umugambi wayo. Oya, turacyakeneye intumwa, abahanuzi n’abigisha nk’uko itorero rya mbere ryari ribakeneye. Impamvu tutakibona cyane impano nk’izi mu itorero hirya no hino mu isi ni uko gusa izi mpano Yesu aziha itorero rye, ntabwo aziha ingirwa torero ry’abatejejwe rikwiza ubutumwa bw’ibinyoma. Mu ngirwa-torero ushobora kuhasanga gusa abagerageza gato gushaka gusohoza umurimo w’imihamagaro imwe n’imwe (cyane cyane abungeri n’abavugabutumwa bake wenda), ariko ntibasa rwose n’abahamagawe n’Imana bagasigwa amavuta y’imihamagaro Yesu aha itorero rye. Nta gushidikanya ko badatunganyiriza abera umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana, kuko ubutumwa babwiriza butera imbuto zo gukiranuka, ahubwo bushuka abantu bugatuma bibwira ko bababariwe. Kandi abo bantu ntibifuza gutunganirizwa kugabura iby’Imana. Nta gitekerezo bagira cyo kwiyangango bikorere imisaraba yabo.

Umenya Ute Niba Warahamagawe?

(How do You Know if You are Called?)

Umuntu amenya ate niba afite umwe muri iyi mihamagaro mu itorero? Mbere na mbere azuyumvamo uwo muhamagaro uturutse ku Mana. Azumva afite umutwaro wo gukora umurimo runaka. Ibi birenze kureba ukabona ko hari ikintu gikeneye gukorwa. Ahubwo ni inzara yo mu mutima iturutse ku Mana ihatira umuntu gukora umurimo runaka. Niba koko ari umuntu wahamagawe, ntashobora gutuza ataratangira gusohoza umuhamagaro we. Ibi ntaho bihuriye no gushyirwaho n’umuntu cyangwa komite y’itorero. Imana ni yo ihamagara.

Icya kabiri, umuntu wahamagawe koko, yisanga Imana yaramuteguriye uwo murimo yamuhamagariye. Buri muhamagaro muri iyi uko ari itanu ufite amavuta y’ibitangaza agendana na wo abashisha umuntu gukora icyo Imana yamuhamagariye gukora. Umuhamagaro uzana n’amavuta. Iyo nta mavuta nta n’umuhamagaro uba uhari. Umuntu ashobora kwifuza gukora umurimo runaka, akajya mu ishuri rya Bibiliya akamara imyaka ine yiga yitegurira uwo murimo, ariko adafite amavuta y’Imana, nta mahirwe aba afite yo kugera ku ntego nyabyo.

Icya gatatu, abona Imana imukinguriye umuryango w’uburyo bwo kugira ngo akoreshe impano ze zihariye. Icyo ni cyo gihe cye cyo kugaragaza ubwizerwa bwe, kandi amaherezo akingurirwa umuryango mugari kurushaho, agahabwa n’inshingano zirushijeho ndetse n’impano.

Iyo umuntu atigeze yiyumvamo guhatwa n’Imana mu mutima no kumva ahamagarirwa umwe muri iyi mirimo itanu, cyangwa akabona nta mavuta adasanzwe yibonaho mu gukora umurimo w’Imana runaka, cyangwa niba nta nta n’uburyo yigeze abona bwo gukoresha impano yibwira ko afite, uwo muntu ntakwiye kugerageza kuba icyo Imana itashatse ko aba cyo. Ahubwo agomba gushaka kureba uko yabera umugisha itorero rye asengeramo, n’aho atuye, ndetse n’aho akorera. Nubwo atahamagariwe umwe muri iriya mirimo uko ari “itanu” , yahamagariwe gukora akoresha impano Imana yamuhaye, kandi agomba guharanira kugaragaza ubwizerwa.

Nubwo ibyanditswe bivuga imihamagaro itanu, ntibishatse kuvuga ko buri muntu wese uri mu muhamagaro runaka azagira umurimo umuranga. Pawulo yanditse ko hariho “uburyo bwinshi bwo kugabura iby’Imana” (1 Kor. 12:5), ku buryo bishoboka ko abakozi b’Imana b’uburyo butandukanye bashobora gukora umurimo umwe. Ikindi kandi, bisa nk’aho hariho inzego zitandukanye zo gusigwa amavuta muri iyo mihamagaro, nicyo gituma rero dushobora gushyira ibyiciro muri buri murimo dukurikije urwego rwo gusigwa amavuta. Urugero, hari abigisha bamwe usanga basa nk’aho basizwe amavuta kurusha abandi bigisha. Ni na cyo kimwe ku zindi mpano z’umurimo. Jye nizera ko buri mukozi w’Imana hari ibintu ashobora gukora bigatuma arushaho kugira amavuta mu murimo we, nko kuba umwizerwa igihe kirekire no kwiyegurira Imana wese.

Reka Turebe Neza Umuhamagaro w’Intumwa

(A Closer Look at the Office of Apostle)

Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki rivuga intumwa ni apostolos kandi risosobanura “uwoherejwe.” Intumwa nyakuri yo mu Isezerano Rishya ni umwizera woherejwe n’Imana ahantu runaka hamwe cyangwa henshi kugira ngo ahashyire amatorero. Agashyiraho urufatiro rw’umwuka rw’ “inzu” y’Imana; twamugereranya n’ “umwubakisha mukuru upatana amazu,” nk’uko Pawulo, na we ubwe kandi akaba intumwa, yanditse ati:

Kuko twembi Imana ari yo dukorera na mwe mukaba umurimo w’Imana n’inzu yayo. Nk’uko ubuntu bw’Imana nahawe bungana, nashyizeho urufatiro nk’umwubakisha mukuru w’ubwenge, undi yubakaho (1 Kor. 3:9-10a).

“Umwubakisha mukuru w’ubwenge,” cyangwa umwubakisha upatana, ahagarikira ubwubatsi kuva butangiye kugeza burangiye–we aba afite iyerekwa ry’inyubako yuzuye neza. Ntabwo we ari umutekinisiye nk’umufundi cyangwa uwubaka sharupante. Ashobora na we kuba yakubaka amatafari cyangwa agashyiraho sharupante, ariko wenda ntiyabikora neza nk’abo batekinisiye. Nuko rero n’intumwa iba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora umurimo w’umwungeri cyangwa uw’umubwirizabutumwa, ariko kumara gusa igihe runaka mu gihe atangiza itorero. (Intumwa Pawulo ubusanzwe yamaraga ahantu igihe kiri hagati y’amezi atandatu n’imyaka itatu).

Intumwa ibyayo cyane cyane ni ugutangiza amatorero hanyuma akayahagarikira kugira ngo akomeze agume ku murongo Imana iyashakaho. Intumwa ni yo ifite inshingano yo gushyiraho abakuru b’itorero/abapastori/abepiskopi kugira ngo baragire buri torero atangije (reba Ibyak. 14:21-23; Tito 1:5).

Intumwa z’Ukuri n’iz’ibinyoma

(True and False Apostles)

Bigaragara ko abakozi b’Imana bamwe muri iki gihe, kubera gushaka kugira imbaraga mu matorero, bihuta cyane gutangaza ko bafite umuhamagaro wo kuba intumwa, ariko abenshi baba bafite ikibazo gikomeye. Mu gihe nta torero na rimwe bigeze batangiza (cyangwa wenda bakaba baratangije itorero rimwe cyangwa abiri) kandi bakaba nta n’impano cyangwa amavuta y’intumwa nk’iyo Bibiliya ivuga, nta kindi bakora uretse gushaka abapastori b’abemera gato babareka bakagira ubutware ku matorero yabo. Niba uri umupastori, ntugashukwe n’abo bishyira hejuru gusa, intumwa z’ibinyoma zuzuye inyota y’ubutegetsi. Ubusanzwe ayo ni amasega yambaye uruhu rw’intama. Akenshi nta kindi baba bakurikiye ni amafaranga. Bibiliya iratuburira ku ntumwa nk’izo z’ibinyoma (reba 2 Kor. 11:13; Ibyah. 2:2). Niba barinda kukwibwirira ubwabo ko ari intumwa, wenda icyo ni na cyo kimenyetso cy’uko batari intumwa. Ubundi imbuto zabo zakagombye kwivugira.

Umupastori utangiza itorero rye akarigumamo akariyobora imyaka n’imyaka, uwo si intumwa. Abapastori nk’abo, wenda, bakwitwa “abapastori -ntumwa” kuko baba baritangirije amatorero yabo. Ariko na none ntibaba bahagaze mu muhamagaro w’intumwa kuko intumwa ikomeza kugenda itangiza amatorero.

“Umumisiyoneri”, nk’uko bakunze kwitwa muri iki gihe, nyawe watumwe n’Imana kandi wasizwe amavuta, umuhamagaro w’ibanze ukaba uwo gushinga amatorero, ni we uba ari mu murimo w’intumwa koko. Ku rundi ruhande, abamisiyoneri bakora umurimo wo gushyiraho amashuri ya Bibiliya no gutoza abapastori ntabwo baba ari intumwa ahubwo ni abigisha.

Umurimo w’intumwa nyayo urangwa n’ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza, kandi ibyo biramufasha cyane mu gutangiza amatorero. Pawulo yaranditse ati:

Dore za ntumwa zikomeye cyane ntacyo zandushije, nubwo nta cyo ndi cyo. Ni ukuri nakoze ibimenyetso byerekana ko ndi intumwa, mbikorera hagati yanyu nihangana cyane, ari byo bitangaza n’ibimenyetso n’imirimo ikomeye (2 Kor. 12:11b-12).

Iyo umuntu adafite ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza biherekeje umurimo we, ubwo si intumwa. Biragaragara ko intumwa nyakuri zidakunze kuboneka, kandi ntiziba mu ngirwatorero ritejejwe ry’ubutumwa bw’ikinyoma. Cyane cyane nkunze kubasanga ahantu mu isi hakiri isugi mu buryo bw’ubutumwa bwiza.

Urwego rukuru rw’Intumwa

(The High Rank of the Apostle)

Ahantu habiri hari urutonde rw’impano z’umurimo mu Isezerano Rishya, hombi hashyira intumwa ku mwanya wa mbere, icyo kikerekana ko uwo ari wo muhamagaro usumba iyindi (reba Ef. 4:11; 1 Kor. 12:28).

Nta n’umwe utangira umurimo we ari intumwa. Umuntu arashyira agahamagarirwa kuba intumwa, ariko si byo atangirana. Agomba kubanza akagaragaza ko ari umwizerwa akamara imyaka runaka abwiriza anigisha, hanyuma, amaherezo, akazahagarara mu murimo Imana yamuteguriye. Pawulo yahamagawe akiri mu nda ya nyina kuzaba intumwa, ariko yamaze imyaka myinshi ari mu murimo mbere yuko ahagarara muri uwo muhamagaro (reba Gal. 1:15-2:1). Mu byukuri yatangiye nk’umwigisha n’umuhanuzi (reba Ibyak. 13:1-2), nuko nyuma aza kuzamurwa ku rwego rw’intumwa igihe yoherezwaga n’Umwuka Wera (reba Ibyak 14:14).

Tubona izindi ntumwa uretse Pawulo na ba bandi cumi na babiri ba mbere mu Ibyak 1:15-26; 14:14; Rom. 16:7; 2 Kor. 8:23; Gal. 1:17-19; Fili. 2:25 no mu 1 Tes. 1:1 na 2:6. (Ijambo ryasobanuwe intumwa mu 2 Kor. 8:23 no mu Fili. 2:25 ni ijambo ry’Ikigiriki apostolos.) Ibi bivuguruza ya myizerere ivuga ko kuba intumwa byagarukiye kuri ba bandi cumi na babiri.

Ariko intumwa cumi n’ebyiri gusa ni zo zashyirwa mu rwego rw’abitwa “Intumwa z’Umwana w’intama,” kandi abo cumi na babiri ni bo bonyine bazagira umwanya w’umwihariko muri ya myaka igihumbi y’ingoma ya Kristo (reba Mat. 19:28; Ibyah. 21:14). Ntitugikeneye intumwa nka Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bavuganaga n’Imana mu buryo bw’umwihariko kugira ngo bandike Bibiliya, kuko ihishurirwa rya Bibiliya ryuzuye neza. Nyamara ariko muri iki gihe turacyakeneye intumwa zishinga amatorero mu mbaraga z’Umwuka Wera, nk’uko Pawulo n’izindi ntumwa bagiraga, nk’uko bivugwa mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa.

Umurimo w’Umuhanuzi

(The Office of Prophet)

Umuhanuzi ni umuntu uhabwa ihishurirwa ry’indengakamere akavuga abwirijwe n’Imana. Ubusanzwe akoreshwa kenshi mu mpano y’umwuka yo guhanura, kimwe no mu mpano zo guhishurirwa: ijambo ry’ubwenge, ijambo ryo kumenya, no kurobanura imyuka.

Buri mwizera wese ashobora gukoreshwa n’Imana mu mpano y’ubuhanuzi uko Umwuka ashatse, ariko ibyo ntibimuhindura umuhanuzi. Umuhanuzi mbere na mbere ni umukozi w’Imana ushobora kubwiriza cyangwa kwigisha ari mu mavuta y’Imana. Bitewe n’uko umuhamagaro w’umuhanuzi ari wo uza ubwa kabiri mu mihamagaro iruta iyindi (reba uko ikurikirana mu 1 Kor. 12:28), n’umukozi w’Imana wiyeguriye Imana utagira akandi kazi akora ntiyahabwa inshingano z’umuhanuzi ataramara imyaka ari umukozi w’Imana. Iyo ahagaze muri uwo muhamagaro, agira ubushobozi ndengakamere bugendana na wo.

Abagabo babiri bitwa abahanuzi mu Isezerano Rishya ni Yuda na Sila. Dusoma mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 15:32 ko batanze ubuhanuzi burebure mu itorero ry’Antiyokiya:

Yuda na Sila kuko nab o bari abahanuzi, bahugūza baene Data amagambo menshi barabakomeza.

Urundi rugero rw’umuhanuzi mu Isezerano Rishya ni Agabo. Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 11:27-28 dusoma ngo:

Muri iyo minsi abahanuzi bava i Yerusalemu, bajya muri Antiyokiya. Nuko umwe muri bo witwaga Agabo, arahaguruka arahanura abwirijwe n’Umwuka ati “Inzara nyinshi izatera mu isi yose.” Ni yo yateye ku ngoma y’umwami Kilawudiyo.

Urabona ko Agabo yahawe ijambo ry’ubwenge–hari ikintu yahishuriwe cyo mu bihe bizaza. Birumvikana, Agabo ntiyashoboraga kumenya buri kintu cyose kizaba mu bihe bizaza, yamenyaga gusa icyo Umwuka Wera ashatse kumuhishurira.

Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 21:10-11, hari urundi urugero rw’aho ijambo ry’ubwenge rikorera muri Agabo. Icyo gihe cyo byari kubw’umuntu umwe, ari we Pawulo:

Tugitinzeyo iminsi, haza umuhanuzi witwaga Agabo avuye i Yudaya. Ageze aho turi, yenda umushumi wa Pawulo awibohesha amaguru n’amaboko aravuga ati, “Umwuka Wera avuze ngo: ‘Nyir’uyu mushumi ni ko Abayuda bazamubohera i Yerusalemu, bamutange mu maboko y’abapagani.'”

Mbese Bibiliya mu Isezerano Rishya yemera ko umuntu yasaba abahanuzi bakamugira inama bakamuyobora icyo akwiye gukora? Oya. Impamvu ni uko abizera bose bafite Umwuka Wera ubayobora. Umuhanuzi agomba kuba uwo kwemeza gusa ashimangira ibyo umwizera asanzwe azi ko ari bwo buyobozi bw’Imana mu mu mutima we. Urugero, igihe Agabo yahanuriraga Pawulo, ntiyamuhaye umurongo agomba gukurikiza mu byo yagombaga gukora; yashimangiye gusa ibyo Pawulo yari amaze igihe azi.

Nk’uko twabivuze mbere, Pawulo yari ahagaze mu muhamagaro w’umuhanuzi (n’umwigisha) mbere y’uko ahamagarirwa umurimo w’intumwa (reba Ibyak 13:1). Tuzi ko Pawulo yabonye ihishurirwa riturutse ku Mwami nk’uko Gal. 1:11-12 havuga, kandi yagize n’amayerekwa menshi (reba Ibyak 9:1-9; 18:9-10; 22:17-21; 23:11; 2 Kor. 12:1-4).

Kimwe n’intumwa nyakuri, mu itorero ry’ikinyoma nta bahanuzi nyakuri babamo. Abahanuzi b’ukuri nka Sila, Yuda na Agabo, Itorero ry’ikinyoma ryari kubirukanira kure (kandi ni ko ribigenza). Impamvu ni uko abahanuzi b’ukuri bashobora kuzana ihishurirwa ry’ukuntu Imana ibabajwe n’ubugome bwaryo (nk’uko Yohana yabigenje ku matorero menshi yo muri Asiya mu bice bibiri bibanza by’igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe). Ibyo itorero ry’ikinyoma ntiribyakira.

Umurimo w’Umwigisha

(The Office of Teacher)

Dukurikije urutonde rwo mu 1 Abakorinto 12:28, umurimo w’umwigisha ni wo muhamagaro wa gatatu mu mihamagaro iruta iyindi. Umwigisha aba afite amavuta ndengakamere yo kwigisha Ijambo ry’Imana. Kuba umuntu yigisha Bibiliya ntibivuze ko ari umwigisha wo mu Isezerano Rishya. Abenshi bigisha bitewe n’uko babikunda gusa cyangwa se kubera ko bumva ko ari ngombwa kubikora, ariko umuntu uhagaze mu muhamagaro w’umwigisha aba afite impano ndengakamere yo kwigisha. Kenshi ahishurirwa Ijambo ry’Imana mu buryo bw’ibitangaza kandi asobanura Bibiliya ku buryo yumvikana neza kandi igashyirwa mu ngiro.

Apolo ni irugero rwiza rwo mu Isezerano Rishya rw’umuntu wahagaze muri uyu muhamagaro. Pawulo yagereranyije umurimo we w’intumwa n’umurimo wa Apolo wo kwigisha muri aya magambo yo mu 1 Abakorinto:

Ni jye wateye imbuto, Apolo na we arazuhīra, ariko Imana ni yo yazikujije….Nashyizeho urufatiro, nk’umwubakisha mukuru w’ubwenge, undi yubakaho (1 Kor. 3:6, 10b).

Apolo, umwigisha, si we wateye imbuto mbere na mbere cyangwa ngo ashyireho urufatiro. Ahubwo yuhīriye imbuto zikimara kumera azuhīza Ijambo ry’Imana kandi azamura ibihome ku musingi wamaze kubakwa.

Apolo anavugwa mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 18:27:

Ashatse [Apolo] kwambuka ngo ajye muri Akaya, bene Data baramukomeza, bandikira abigishwa ngo bamwakireNawe asohoyeyo, ubuntu bw’Imana bumutera gufasha cyane abizeye, kuko yatsindiraga Abayuda cyane imbere y’abantu, abereka mu byanditswe yuko Yesu ari we Kristo.

Urabona ko Apolo “yafashije cyane” abantu bari bamaze guhinduka Abakristo kandi inyigisho ze bavugaga ko “zifite imbaraga.” Inyigisho zisize amavuta iteka ziba zifite imbaraga.

Umurimo wo kwigisha ufite umumaro cyane ku itorero kuruta no gukora ibitangaza cyangwa impano zo gukiza indwara. Ni cyo gituma kwigisha ari byo biza mbere y’izo mpano muri rwa rutonde rwo mu 1 Abakorinto 12:28:

Imana yashyize bamwe mu Itorero, ubwa mbere intumwa, ubwa kabiri abahanuzi, ubwa gatatu abigisha, maze ishyiraho abakora ibitangaza, n’abahawe impano zo gukiza indwara.

Ikibabaje usanga akenshi abizera bashishikajwe no kubona indwara zikira kurusha gutega amatwi aho Ijambo ry’Imana ryigishwa neza mu buryo busesuye, ari byo bituma bakura mu mwuka bakagira no gukiranuka mu mibereho yabo.

Bibiliya ivuga ku kubwiriza no kwigisha. Kwigisha cyane cyane bishingira ku bwenge no ku buryo ibintu bigomba gukorwa, naho kubwiriza bijyanye no guhumura amaso bagahishurirwa ibyo batari bazi mu buryo bubakangura mu marangamutima yabo. Umubwirizabutumwa muri rusange arabwiriza. Abigisha n’abungeri bo barigisha. Intumwa zirabwiriza kandi zikigisha. Birababaje ko abizera bamwe bataziagaciro ko kwigisha. Bamwe banibwira ko igihe cyonyine bumva ko umuntu afite amavuta y’Imana ari igihe abwiriza asakuza kandi avuga vuba vuba cyane! Ibyo si ko bimeze.

Yesu ni we rugero rwiza rw’umwigisha usize amavuta. Kwigisha ni byo byari byiganje mu murimo we cyane ku buryo abenshi bamuhamagaraga “Mwigisha” (Mat. 8:19; Mar 5:35; Yoh 11:28).

Ushatse gukomeza kwiga neza iby’abigisha n’inyigisho, wareba Ibyak. 2:42; 5:21, 25, 28, 42; 11:22-26; 13:1; 15:35; 18:11; 20:18-20; 28:30-31; Rom. 12:6-7; 1 Kor. 4:17; Gal. 6:6; Kolo. 1:28; 1 Tim. 4:11-16; 5:17; 6:2; 2 Tim. 1:11; 2:2 na Yak. 3:1. Icyanditswe gisoza uru rutonde kitubwira ko abigisha bazahura n’urubanza rurusha urw’abandi gukomera, ko rero bagomba kwitondera cyane ibyo bigisha. Bagomba kwigisha Ijambo ry’Imana gusa.

Umuhamagaro w’Umubwirizabutumwa bwiza

(The Office of Evangelist)

Umubwirizabutumwa ni umuntu wasizwe amavuta yo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Ubutumwa atanga buba bugamije gutuma abantu bihana kandi bakizera Umwami Yesu Kristo. Bagendana n’ibitangaza bikurura abatizera bikabemeza ko ibyo umubwirizabutumwa avuga ari ukuri.

Ni yo mpamvu nta gushidikanya ko mu itorero rya mbere harimo ababwirizabutumwa benshi, ariko umuntu umwe ni we uvugwa nk’umubwirizabutumwa mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa. Izina rye ni Filipo: “Twinjira mu nzu ya Filipo umubwiriza w’ubutumwa bwiza, n’umwe muri ba bandi barindwi, ducumbika iwe” (Ibyak 21:8).

Filipo yatangiye umurimo we ari umugaragu (cyangwa se wenda “umudiyakoni”) wagaburaga ku meza (reba Ibyak 6:1-6). Yaje kuzamurwa mu ntera ku murimo w’umubwiriza w’ubutumwa bwiza mu gihe cy’itotezwa ry’itorero ryadutse igihe Stefano yicwa ahowe Kristo. Yabanje kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza i Samariya:

Filipo aramanuka ajya mu mudugudu w’i Samariya, ababwiriza ibya Kristo. Ab’aho benshi baraterana, bumva ibyo Filipo avuga n’umutima uhuye bamwitayeho, bumvise kandi babonye ibimenyetso yakoraga. Kuko benshi muri bo bari bafite abadayimoni babavamo basakuza cyane, n’abari baremaye n’abacumbagira benshi barakizwa. Haba umunezero mwinshi muri uwo mudugudu (Ibyak 8:5-8).

Urabona ko Filipo yari afite ubutumwa bumwe–Kristo. Intego ye yari ugutangira guhindura abantu abigishwa, ni ukuvuga kubahindura abayoboke ba Kristo bamwumvira. Yamamazaga ko Kristo ari we ukora ibitangaza, akamamaza ko ari Umwana w’Imana, Umwami, Umukiza kandi uzagaruka vuba ari Umucamanza. Yahamagariraga abantu kwihana ibyaha bagakurikira Umwami we Yesu.

Kandi urabona ko Filipo yaherekezwaga n’ibitangaza n’ibimenyetso byo gutangira ubuhamya ubutumwa abwiriza ko ari ubw’ukuri. Umuntu uhagaze mu muhamagaro w’umuvugabutumwa asigwa amavuta agahabwa impano zo gukiza indwara n’izindi mpano z’umwuka. Itorero ry’ikinyoma rigira ababwirizabutumwa b’ibibinyoma gusa bamamaza ubutumwa bw’ibinyoma. Muri iki gihe isi yuzuye bene abo babwirizabutumwa, kandi biragaragara ko ubutumwa babwiriza Imana itabutangira ubuhamya mu buryo bw’ibitangaza no gukiza indwara. Impamvu nta yindi ni uko gusa batabwiriza ubutumwa bwayo. Ntibavuga Kristo mu kubwiriza kwabo. Ubusanzwe iyo babwiriza bavuga ku bijyanye n’ibyo abantu bakeneye n’ukuntu Kristo ashobora kubaha ubuzima busagutse, cyangwa bakabwiriza icyitwa agakiza ariko kitarimo kwihana ibyaha. Bayobora abantu mu kintu bita gukizwa ariko kw’ikinyoma gihumuriza abantu gusa ariko kitabageza ku gakiza. Icyo uko kubwiriza kwabo kubyara ni uko abantu baba noneho barushijeho kuba kureyo kuvuka ubwa kabiri, kuko nta mpamvu baba bakibona yo gushaka kwakira icyo bibwira ko bamaze gushyikira. Ababwirizabutumwa nk’abo mu byukuri bafasha ahubwo Satani kubaka ubwami bwe.

Umuhamagaro w’umubwirizabutumwa ntabwo uri ku rutonde rumwe n’indi mihamagaro iri mu 1 Abakorinto 12:28 nk’uko biri mu Abefeso 4:11. Ariko nibwira ko iyo bavuga ku byerekeranye n’ “ibitangaza n’impano zo gukiza indwara” muri kiriya gice baba bavuga umuhamagaro w’ababwirizabutumwa kuko ibyo ni byo byarangaga umurimo wa Filipo umubwirizabutumwa, kandi byanatangira ubuhamya bukomeye umurimo w’ivugabutumwa no ku wundi mubwirizabutumwa uwo ari we wese.

Abenshi bava mu itorero bajya mu rindi biyita ababwirizabutumwa ntabwo mu byukuri baba ari ababwirizabutumwa kuko babwiriza mu nsengero gusa babwiriza Abakristo, kandi nta n’impano zo gukiza indwara n’ibitangaza baba bafite. (Bamwe bavuga ko ngo bafite izo mpano, ariko abo bashobora gushuka ni abantu b’abemera gato gusa. Ibitangaza byabo bikomeye ni abantu bitura hasi nabwo kandi kuko babasunitse bakabagusha.) Abo bakozi b’Imana bahora mu ngendo ahari wenda umuntu yabita abigisha cyangwa se abantu bazi guhugura abandi (reba Rom. 12:8), ariko ntabwo bahagaze mu muhamagaro w’umubwirizabutumwa. Ariko birashoboka na none ko Imana yatangiza umurimo w’umuntu nk’uhugura cyangwa uwigisha, ikaza kumuzamura mu ntera ku muhamagaro w’umubwirizabutumwa.

Ushaka gukomeza kwiga ku byerekeranye n’umuhamagaro w’ivugabutumwa, wasoma Ibyak 8:4-40, ahanditse iby’umurimo wa Filipo. Urahabona ukuntu imihamagaro yose yuzuzanya (reba by’umwihariko imirongo 14-25) n’ukuntu Filipo atabwirije ubutumwa ibiterane by’abantu benshi gusa ahubwo yanayoborwaga n’Imana kubwiriza umuntu umwe (reba Ibyak 8:25-39).

Ababwirizabutumwa bafite inshingano yo kubatiza abo bamaze guhindura, ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa ko ari bo basengera abizera bashya ngo babatizwe mu Mwuka Wera. Iyo ubundi ni inshingano y’intumwa cyangwa abungeri/abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi.

Umuhamagaro w’Umwungeri

(The Office of Pastor)

Mu bice bibiri bibanza by’iki gitabo nagereranyije inshingano z’umupastori mu buryo bwa Bibiliya n’iz’umupastori uciriritse w’itorero- dini. Ariko haracyari byinshi byo kuvuga ku murimo w’umwungeri.

Kugira ngo dushobore gusobanukirwa neza icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku muhamagaro w’umwungeri, dukwiriye gusobanukirwa amagambo y’ingenzi atatu y’Ikigiriki. Mu Kigiriki ni (1) poimen, (2) presbuteros na (3) episkopos. Asobanurwa (1) umwungeri cyangwa pasitori, (2) umukuru w’itorero, n'(3) umuyobozi cyangwa umwepisikopi.

Ijambo poimen riboneka incuro cumi n’umunani mu Isezerano Rishya kandi risobanura umwungeri incuro cumi n’indwi rigasobanura pasitori incuro imwe. Inshinga ni poimaino, iboneka incuro cumi n’imwe kandi akenshi isobanura kuragira.

Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki presbuteros riboneka incuro mirongo itandatu n’esheshatu mu Isezerano Rishya. Mirongo itandatu muri izo ncuro risobanurwa umukuru cyangwa abakuru.

Hanyuma, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki episkopos riboneka incuro eshanu mu Isezerano Rishya, kandi incuro enye muri izo eshanu risobanura uhagarariye (overseer). Bibiliya yitwa King James irisobanura umwepisikopi (bishop).

Ayo magambo yose uko ari atatu avuga ku mwanya umwe mu itorero, kandi ashobora guhinduranywa rimwe rigakoreshwa mu mwanya w’irindi nta cyo bihinduye. Igihe cyose intumwa Pawulo yashingaga amatorero, yashyiragaho abakuru b’Itorero (presbuteros) akayabasigaho ngo bite ku mukumbi (see Acts 14:23, Tit. 1:5). Inshingano zabo kwari ukuyasigarana nk’abayobozi bayo (episkopos) n’abaragiye (poimaino) umukumbi. Urugero ni mu gitabo cy’Ibyak 20:17 aho dusoma ngo:

Ari I Mileto atumira abakuru b’Itorero [presbuteros] ryo muri Efeso.

Hanyuma Pawulo yabwiye iki abo bakuru b’Itorero?

Mwirinde ubwanyu, murinde n’umukumbi wose Umwuka Wera yabashyiriyeho kuba abarinzi [episkopos], kugira ngo muragire [poimaino] Itorero ry’Imana, iryo yaguze amaraso yayo (Ibyak. 20:28).

Urabona ukuntu aya magambo atatu y’Ikigiriki rimwe rishobora gukoreshwa mu mwanya w’irindi ntacyo bihinduye. Ntabwo ari imihamagaro itatu itandukanye. Pawulo yabwiye abakuru b’itorero ko ari bo bayobozi (overseers) bagomba gukora nk’abungeri.

Petero mu rwandiko rwe rwa mbere yaranditse ati:

Aya magambo ndayahuguza abakuru b’Itorero [presbuteros] bo muri mwe, kuko nanjye ndi umukuru mugenzi wanyu, n’umugabo wo guhamya imibabaro ya Kristo kandi mfatanije na mwe ubwiza buzahishurwa. Muragire [poimaino] umukumbi w’Imana wo muri mwe mutawurinda nk’abahatwa, ahubwo muwurinde mubikunze nk’uko Imana ishaka atari ku bwo kwifuza indamu mbi, ahubwo ku bw’umutima ukunze kandi mudasa n’abatwaza igitugu abo mwagabanijwe, ahubwo mube ibyitegererezo by’umukumbi. Kandi Umutahiza naboneka, muzahabwa ikamba ry’ubugingo ritangirika (1 Pet. 5:1-4).

Petero yabwiye abakuru b’Itorero kuragira umukumbi bagabanijwe. Inshinga isobanuwe hano kuragira ni yo isobanura (ishyizwe mu buryo bw’izina) pasitori mu gitabo cy’Abefeso 4:11:

Nuko [Yesu] aha bamwe kuba intumwa ze, n’abandi kuba abahanuzi, n’abandi kuba ababwirizabutumwa bwiza, n’abandi kuba abungeri n’abigisha.

Ibi na byo bituma twemera ko abakuru b’Itorero n’abungeri ari kimwe.

Pawulo na we yakoresheje amagambo umukuru w’Itorero (presbuteros) n’umuyobozi (episkopos) ayahinduranya ku buryo rimwe rikora mu mwanya w’irindi muri Tito 1:5-7:

Icyatumye ngusiga i Kirete ni ukugira ngo utunganye ibyasigaye bidatunganye, kandi ngo ushyire abakuru b’Itorero mu midugudu yose nk’uko nagutegetse….Kuko umwepisikopi akwiruye kutabaho umugayo.

Bityo rero nta muntu ushyira mu gaciro wajya impaka zo kuvuga ko umurimo w’umupastori, umukuru w’Itorero, n’umwesikopi atari umurimo umwe. Nuko rero ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyandikiwe abepisikopi n’abakuru b’Itorero mu Isezerano Rishya kireba n’abapasitori.

Imiyoborere y’Itorero

(Church Governance)

Kandi duhereye ku byanditswe twabonye haruguru biragaragara neza ko abakuru b’Itorero/abungeri/abepisikopi batahawe gusa inshingano yo kuyobora mu mwuka Itorero ahubwo banarihaweho ubutware. Ni ukuvuga ngo, abakuru b’Itorero/abapasitori/abepisikopi ni bo bayobozi, abagize Itorero bagomba kubagandukira:

Mwumvire ababayobora mubagandukire, kuko ari bo baba maso barinda imitima yanyu nk’abazabibazwa (Heb. 13:17).

Birumvikana ko nta mukristo wagandukira umupastori na we ubwe utagandukira Imana, ariko kandi akwiye no kumenya ko nta mupastori waba intungane rwose.

Abapasitori/abakuru b’Itorero/abepisikopi bafite ubutware ku matorero nk’uko se w’abana agira ubutware mu rugo:

Nuko umwepisikopi [pasitori/umukuru w’Itorero] akwiriye kuba inyangamugayo….Utegeka neza abo murugo rwe, agatera abana be kumvira no kubaha rwose. (Mbese utazi gutegeka abo mu rugo rwe yabasha ate kurinda Itorero ry’Imana?) (1 Tim. 3:2-5).

Pawulo akomeza avuga ati,

Abakuru b’Itorero [abapasitori/abepisikopi] batwara neza batekerezwe ko bakwiriye guhabwa icyubahiro incuro ebyiri, ariko cyane cyane abarushywa no kuvuga ijambo ry’Imana no kwigisha (1 Tim. 5:17).

Biragaragara neza ko abakuru b’Itorero ari bo bagomba gutegeka Itorero.

Abakuru b’Itorero batari Abo Mu Buryo Bwa Bibiliya

(Unscriptural Elders)

Amatorero menshi yibwira ko imiyoborere yayo ari iya Bibiliya ngo kuko bafite itsinda ry’abakuru b’Itorero bayoboye, ariko ikibazo cyabo usanga bafite imyumvire ipfuye y’umukuru w’itorero icyo ari cyo. Abakuru b’Itorero babo bahora batorwa kandi basimburana ku buyobozi. Akenshi babita “Inama y’abakuru b’Itorero.” Ariko abantu nk’abo si abakuru b’Itorero mu buryo bwa Bibiliya. Byonyine turebye ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umukuru w’Itorero nk’uko Pawulo yabishyize ku rutonde, biragaragara neza. Pawulo yanditse avuga ko umukuru w’Itorero aba yariyeguriye umurimo w’Imana bityo rero agira umwanya w’ubuyobozi bw’Itorero, kwigisha no kubwiriza kandi agomba kubihemberwwa (reba 1 Tim. 3:4-5; 5:17-18; Tito 1:9). Ni bake cyane, niba bahari, mu bantu baba mu “nama z’abakuru b’Itorero” usanga bujuje ibyo. Ntibahembwa; ntibabwiriza cyangwa ngo bigishe; ntibaba bariyeguriye umurimo w’Imana mu Itorero; kandi ni gake cyane wasanga hari icyo bazi mu miyoborere y’Itorero.

Ubuyobozi bw’Itorero mu buryo butari ubwa Bibiliya bushobora no kuba ari bwo ntandāro y’ibibazo byinshi mu Itorero kurusha ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Iyo abantu batari bakwiye kuyobora Itorero ari bo bariyoboye, ibibazo biba byaje. Bishobora gukingura umuryango w’intonganya, guteshuka ku kuri n’Itorero muri rusange rigahungabana. Ubuyobozi bw’Itorero butari mu buryo bwa Bibiliya ni nk’ikimenyetso cyo guha ikaze Satani.

Ndabona ko nandikira abapasitori b’amatorero dini kimwe n’ab’amatorero yo mu rugo. Abapasitori bamwe b’amatorero dini bashobora kuba bayoboye amatorero afite ubuyobozi butari ubwo mu buryo bwa Bibiliya aho usanga abakuru b’Itorero batorwa mu bakristo. Iyi miyoborere itari iya Bibiliya ntushobora kuyihindura hatabayeho intambara.

Inama nagira bene abo bapastori ni uko bagerageza babifashijwemo n’Imana bagahindura iyo miyoborere y’Itorero kandi bakihanganira intambara z’igihe gito zigomba kubaho byanze bikunze, kuko n’ubundi batazabura guhura n’intambara z’urudaca nibadahindura iyo miyoborere. Nibihanganira guhangana by’igihe gito ariko bakagera ku ntego, bazaba birinze kuzahora mu ntambara. Niba kandi byanze bashobora gutangiza amatorero mashya aho bazashyiraho imiyoborere ya Bibiliya kuva bagitangira.

Nubwo biruhije, ariko mu gihe kizaza birashoboka ko bazagira umusaruro mwiza kurushaho ku bw’ubwami bw’Imana. Niba abayoboye itorero ari abigishwa ba Kristo nyabo, pasitori aba afite amahirwe yo kubasha kubemeza guhindura imiyoborere mu gihe ashoboye kubemeza neza abubashye abagaragariza aho biva muri Bibiliya.

Abakuru b’Itorero benshi?

(The Plurality of Elders?)

Abenshi bakunda gushingira ku mpamvu y’uko abakuru b’Itorero iteka bavugwa mu bwinshi muri Bibiliya, bityo rero bakavuga ko byaba bitemewe na Bibiliya ko umukuru w’Itorero umwe rukumbi/pastori/umwepisikopi ayobora umukumbi. Ariko iyo mpamvu ku bwanjye ntihagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko abakuru b’Itorero bagomba kuba benshi. Bibiliya ko ivuga ko, mu midugudu imwe n’imwe, abakuru b’itorero barenze umwe bayoboraga itorero, ariko ntivuga ko abo bakuru b’itorero babaga bari ku rwego rumwe rw’ubuyobozi bw’itorero. Urugero igihe Pawulo yakoranyaga abakuru b’Itorero b’i Efeso (reba Ibyak 20:17), biragaragara neza ko abo bakuru b’Itorero bari abo mu mujyi urimo abakristo muri rusange bashobora kuba barabarirwaga mu bihumbi cyangwa ndetse mu bihumbi mirongo (reba Ibyak 19:19). Bityo rero umukumbi ugomba kuba wari munini cyane muri Efeso, kandi birashoboka cyane ko buri mukuru w’Itorero yari afite Itorero ryo mu rugo ayoboye.

Nta rugero tubona muri Bibiliya aho Imana yahamagaye komite y’abantu gukora umurimo runaka. Igihe yakaga gucungura ubwoko bwa Isirayeli ibakura muri Egiputa, yahamagaye umuntu umwe, Mose, ngo abe ari we uba umuyobozi. Abandi bahamagawe gufasha Mose, ariko bose bari munsi y’ubuyobozi bwe, buri wese yari afite inshingano zo kuyobora itsinda ry’abantu runaka. Iyo mikorere uyisanga henshi mu byanditswe. Igihe Imana ifite igikorwa ishaka gukora, ihamagara umuntu umwe ikamuha iyo nshingano, hanyuma igahamagara abandi bantu bo gufasha uwo yahaye inshingano.

Bityo rero ntibyumvikana ukuntu Imana yahamagara komite y’abakuru b’itorero bafite ububasha bungana ngo bayobore itorero rito ryo mu rugo rifite abantu batarenga makumyabiri. Byaba ari ugushaka gukurura ibibazo by’amakimbirane mu buyobozi.

Ibi ntabwo bishatse kuvuga ko buri torero ryo mu rugo rigomba kuyoborwa n’umukuru w’itorero umwe rukumbi. Ahubwo bishatse kuvuga ko igihe mu itorero hari abakuru b’itorero barenze umwe, umutoya/abatoya kandi udakuze/badakuze mu mwuka cyane agomba /bagomba kwicisha bugufi munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’umukuru w’itorero ubaruta kandi ubarusha gukura mu mwuka. Dukurikije Bibiliya, amatorero ni yo agomba gutorezwamo abapastori/abakuru b’itorero/abepisikopi ntabwo ari amashuri ya Bibiliya, ubwo rero birashoboka, kandi ni byo bikenewe, ko habaho abapastori/abakuru b’itorero/abepiskopi benshi mu itorero ryo mu rugo, abatoya bagatozwa n’abakuru mu by’umwuka.

Ibi nagiye mbibona no mu matorero avugwa ko ayobowe n’abakuru b’itorero bari ku “rwego rumwe”. Iteka usanga hari uwo abandi bubashye kandi bareberaho. Cyangwa hakaba hari umwe ugaragara cyane mu buyobozi abandi bamugaragiye gusa. Naho ubundi amaherezo haba guhangana. N’amakomite iteka yitoramo perezida. Igihe itsinda ry’abantu bari ku rwego rumwe bahagurutse gukora umurimo, bageza aho bakabona ko bagomba kugira umuyobozi umwe. Ni na ko bimeze mu itorero.

Ikindi kandi, inshingano y’abakuru b’itorero Pawulo ayigereranya n’iya ba se w’abana muri 1 Timoteyo 3:4-5. Abakuru b’itorero bagomba kuba bazi kuyobora ingo zabo neza, naho ubundi ntibaba bujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bayobore itorero. Ariko se umuryango urimo ba se w’abana babiri banganya ubutware ubuyobozi bwawo bwaba bumeze bute? Ndakeka ko haba ibibazo.

Abakuru b’itorero/abapasitori/abepisikopi baba bakwiye kugirana ubufatanye n’abandi bayobozi mu rwego rw’akarere bakoreramo kugira ngo bashobore kugenzurana ubwabo kandi kugira ngo haramutse habaye ikibazo bagobokane. Pawulo yandika ku byerekeranye na “presbytery” (reba 1 Tim. 4:14), rigomba kuba ryari ihuriro rya ba presbuteros (abakuru b’itorero) ndetse biranashoboka ko babaga bari kumwe n’abandi bagabo bafite imihamagaro itandukanye. Igihe hari intumwa yatangije umurimo, na we ashobora gufasha mu gihe havutse ikibazo runaka mu itorero aho umukuru w’itorero yataye umurongo. Iyo abapastori b’itorero dini bayobye, igihe cyose hazavuka ibibazo bikomeye bitewe n’imiterere y’itorero. Hari urusengero na za gahunda zitandukanye bigomba kubungabungwa. Ariko itorero ryo mu rugo rishobora guhita rishiraho ako kanya igihe pastori ayobye akava mu byizerwa. Abayoboke baryo bashobora guhita bigira mu rindi torero.

Ubutware Mu Murimo

(Authority to Serve)

Kuba Imana iha pastori ubutware bw’umwuka n’ubw’ubuyobozi mu itorero ayoboye, ntibimuha uburenganzira bwo gukandamiza umukumbi aragiye. Ntabwo ari Mwami wabo–Yesu ni we Mwami wabo. Si umukumbi we–ni umukumbi w’Imana.

Muragire umukumbi w’Imana wo muri mwe mutawurinda nk’abahatwa, ahubwo muwurinde mubikunze nk’uko Imana ishaka atari ku bwo kwifuza indamu mbi, ahubwo ku bw’umutima ukunze kandi mudasa n’abatwaza igitugu abo mwagabanijwe, ahubwo mube ibyitegererezo by’umukumbi. Kandi umutahiza naboneka, muzahabwa ikamba ry’ubugingo ritangirika (1 Pet. 5:2-4).

Buri mupastori umunsi umwe imbere y’intebe y’urubanza ya Kristo azatanga raporo y’uko yakoze umurimo we.

Kandi, mu byerekeranye n’iby’imari, nta mupastori /umukuru w’itorero/umwepisikopi ukwiye kwihererana iby’umutungo. Niba hari amafaranga ahora atangwa cyangwa se atangwa rimwe na rimwe ku bw’impamvu runaka, abandi mu itorero baba bakwiye kubigenzura kugira ngo hatabaho gukoresha umutungo nabi (reba 2 Kor. 8: 18-23). Abo bashobora kuba ari nk’itsinda ry’abantu batowe cyangwa bashyizweho.

Guhemba Abakuru b’Itorero

(Paying Elders)

Biragaragara neza mu Byanditswe byera ko abakuru b’itorero /abepisikopi/abapasitori bagomba guhembwa, kuko baba bariyeguriye umurimo w’Imana mu Itorero. Pawulo yaranditse ati,

Abakuru b’itorero batwara neza batekerezwe ko bakwiriye guhabwa icyubahiro incuro ebyiri, ariko cyane cyane abarushywa no kuvuga Ijambo ry’Imana no kwigisha, kuko Ibyanditswe bivuga ngo, “Ntugahambire umunwa w’impfizi ihonyōra,” kandi ngo “Umukozi akwiriye guhembwa” (1 Tim. 5:17-18).

Birasobanutse neza–Pawulo akoresha ndetse ijambo guhembwa. Amagambo ye atumvikana neza ngo abakuru b’itorero batwara neza batekerezwe ko bakwiriye icyubahiro incuro ebyiri yumvikana neza kurushaho iyo urebye andi magambo biri kumwe. Mu mirongo iyabanjirije, Pawulo yanditse ku buryo bwumvikana neza inshingano y’itorero mu gufasha abapfakazi badafite ubundi bufasha, kandi avuga ibyo yatangije amagambo asa n’ariya: “Wubahe abapfakazi bari abapfakazi by’ukuri” (reba 1 Tim. 5:3-16). Ubwo rero muri ubwo buryo, “kubaha’ bivuze gufasha mu buryo bw’imibereho. Abakuru b’itorero batwara neza bakwiriye guhabwa icyubahiro incuro ebyiri, bahabwa nibura incuro ebyiri ibihabwa abapfakazi ndetse bakaba banarengerezwaho cyane cyane igihe bafite abana bagomba kurera.

Amatorero dini mu isi yose ashyigikira cyane abapastori bayo(ndetse no mu bihugu bikennye), ariko mu matorero menshi yo mu rugo hirya no hino mu isi, cyane cyane mu bihugu by’i Bulayi n’Amerika, si ko bimeze. Ariko nibwira ko, mu ruhande rumwe biterwa n’uko muri ibyo bihugu biteye imbere igituma abantu bajya mu matorero yo mu rugo ari uko mu mitima yabo baba barigometse mu mitima yabo, bakagenda bashakisha idini rya gikristo ku isi yose rishobora kutabasaba ko hari amafaranga batanga, nuko bakarisanga mu itorero ryo mu rugo. Bakavuga ngo bigiriye mu itorero ryo mu rugo kuko bashakaga guhunga ububata bwo mu itorero dini, ariko mu byukuri icyo bahungaga ari uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose bubasaba kwitanga kuri Kristo. Biboneye amatorero adasaba kwitanga mu buryo bw’amafaranga, amatorero atandukanye cyane n’icyo Kristo ashaka ku bigishwa be. Abo imana yabo ari amafaranga kandi bakabyerekanisha kwirundaniriza imitungo hano mu isi aho kuyibika mu ijuru ntabwo ari abigishwa ba Kristo nyakuri (reba Mat. 6:19-24; Luka 14:33). Iyo ubukristo bw’umuntu budafite aho buhuriye n’amafaranga ye, uwo muntu ntaba ari umukristo na gato.

Amatorero yo mu rugo avuga ko agendera kuri Bibiliya akwiye gushyigikira abapastoro bayo, kimwe no gufasha abakene no gushyigikira kujyana ubutumwa hirya no hino. Baba bakwiye kurusha cyane amatorero dini mu gutanga no mu bindi bintu byose bijyanye n’amafaranga, kuko bo nta nsengero baba bagomba gukodesha cyangwa abakozi b’itorero bashinzwe imishinga n’ibindi bagomba guhemba. Bisaba abantu icumi gusa kandi batagira ikindi batanga uretse icyacumi cyabo kugira ngo batunge umupastori umwe. Abantu icumi batanga 20% y’amafaranga binjiza bashobora gutunga neza umupastori umwe n’undi mumisiyoneri ufite imibereho yo ku rwego rumwe n’urwa pastori wabo.

Abapastori bakora iki?

(What do Pastors do?)

Tekereza ubajije umunyetorero usanzwe uti, “Ni inshingano ya nde gukora ibi bikurikira?”

Ni nde ugomba kubwira ubutumwa abatarakizwa? Kubaho akiranuka? Gusenga? Guhugura, gukomeza no gufasha abandi bakristo? Gusura abarwayi? Kurambika ibiganza ku barwayi akabasengera? Kwikorera imitwaro y’abandi? Gukoresha impano ze ku bw’itorero? Kwiyanga akitangira ubwami bw’Imana? Guhindura abantu abigishwa akababatiza kandi akabigisha kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse byose?

Abanyetorero benshi basubiza badashidikanyije na gato bati, “Izo zose ni inshingano za pastori.” Ariko se ni byo koko?

Dukurikije Ibyanditswe byera, buri mwizera wese agomba kubwiriza ubutumwa abatarakizwa:

Ahubwo mwubahe Kristo mu mitima yanyu ko ari we Mwami, kandi muhore mwiteguye iteka gusubiza umuntu wese ubabajije impamvu z’ibyiringiro mufite, ariko mufite ubugwaneza mwubaha (1 Pet. 3:15).

Buri mwizera wese agomba kubaho ubuzima bwejejwe:

Ahubwo nk’uko uwabahamagaye ari uwera, abe ari ko namwe muba abera mu ngeso zanyu zose. Kuko byanditswe ngo, “Muzabe abera kuko ndi uwera ” (1Pet. 1:15-16)

Buri mukristo wese agomba gusenga:

Mwishime iteka, musenge ubudasiba (1 Tes. 5:16-17).

Buri mwizera agomba guhugura abandi, akabakomeza kandi akabafasha:

Kandi turabahugura bene Data, kugira ngo mucyahe abica gahunda, mukomeze abacogora, mufashe abadakomeye, mwihanganire bose (1Tes. 5:14).

Buri mukristo agomba gusura abarwayi:

Nari nambaye ubusa muranyambika, nari ndwaye muransūra, nari mu nzu y’imbohe muza kundeba (Mat. 25:36).

Izindi Nshingano

(More Responsibilities)

Ariko si ibyo gusa. Buri mwizera agomba kurambika ibiganza kubarwayi akabakiza:

Kandi ibimenyetso bizagumana n’abizera ng’ibi: bazirukana abadayimoni mu izina ryanjye, bazavuga indimi nshya, bazafata inzoka, kandi nibanywa ikintu kica ntacyo kizabatwara na hato, bazarambika ibiganza ku barwayi bakire (Mariko 16:17-18).

Buri mwizera agomba kwikorerera bagenzi be imitwaro:

Mwakirane ibibaremerera, kugira ngo abe ari ko musohoza amategeko ya Kristo (Gal. 6:2).

Buri mwizera wese agomba gukoresha impano ze ku bw’abandi:

Nuko kuko dufite impano zitandukanye nk’uko ubuntu twahawe buri, niba twarahawe ubuhanuzi duhanure uko kwizera kwacu kungana, cyangwa niba twarahawe umurimo wo kugabura iby’Imana tugire umwete wo kubigabura, cyangwa uwigisha agire umwete wo kwigisha, cyangwa uhugura agire umwete wo guhugura. Ugira ubuntu abugire atikanyiza, utwara atwarane umwete, ugira imbabazi azigire anezerewe (Rom. 12:6-8).

Buri mukristo wese agomba kwiyanga, akitangira ubutumwa bwiza:

Ahamagara abantu n’abigishwa be arababwira ati, “Umuntu nashaka kunkurikira niyiyange, yikorere umusaraba we ankurikire. Kuko ushaka kurengera ubugingo bwe azabubura, kandi utita ku bugingo bwe ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza azabukiza” (Mariko 8:34-35).

Kandi buri mwizera agomba guhindura abantu abigishwa akababatiza, abigisha kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse:

Nuko uzica rimwe ryo muri ayo mategeko n’aho ryaba ryoroshye hanyuma y’ayandi, akigisha abandi kugira batyo, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mutoya rwose. Ariko uzayakora akayigisha abandi, mu bwami bwo mu ijuru azitwa mukuru (Mat. 5:19).

Kandi nubwo mwari mukwiriye kuba abigisha ubu kuko mumaze igihe kirekire mwiga, dore musigaye mukwiriye kongera kwigishwa namwe iby’ishingiro rya mbere ry’ibyavuzwe n’Imana, kandi mwahindutse abakwiriye kuramizwa amata aho kugaburirwa ibyokurya bikomeye (Heb. 5:12).

Nuko mugende muhindure abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa, mubabatiza mu izina rya Data wa twese n’Umwana n’Umwuka Wera, mubigisha kwitondera ibyo nababwiye byose. Kandi dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugera ku mperuka y’isi (Mat. 28:19-20).[2]

Izi nshingano zose zahawe buri mwizera wese, ariko abanyetorero benshi bumva ko iyi mirimo yahawe abapasitori gusa! Impamvu ni uko ahari n’abapastori ubwabo akenshi batekereza ko izi ari inshingano zabo gusa.

None se Abapastori bagomba gukora iki?

(So What are Pastors Supposed to do?)

Niba izi nshingano zose ari iza buri mwizera, noneho abapasitori bagomba gukora iki? Nta kindi, bahamagariwe gusa guha ubushobozi abera ngo babashe gukora izo nshingano zose (reba Ef. 4:11-12). Bahamagariwe kwigisha abera kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse byose (reba Mat. 28:19-20) bakoresheje kwigisha no kuba ibyitegererezo (reba 1 Tim. 3:2; 4:12-13; 5:17; 2 Tim. 2:2; 3:16-4:4; 1Pet. 5:1-4).

Nta kundi Bibiliya yari kubisobanura neza birenze aho. Umurimo wa pastori uko Bibiliya iwuvuga si uguteranya abantu benshi bashoboka mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru mu gitondo mu rusengero. Ahubwo ni “ukumurikira Imana umuntu wese amaze gutunganirizwa rwose muri Kristo” (Kolo 1:28). Abapasitori Bibiliya yemera si abavuga ibintu byo kuryohera amatwi y’abantu (reba 2 Tim. 4:3); ahubwo bigisha ijambo ry’Imana, batoza abantu, barahugura, barahana, baratesha, baracyaha, kandi byose bishingiye ku Ijambo ry’Imana (reba 2 Tim. 3:16-4:4).

Pawulo yashyize ku rutonde mu rwandiko rwe rwa mbere yandikiye Timoteyo ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akore umurimo w’umupasitori. Ibintu cumi na bine muri cumi na bitanu bisabwa byose bijyanye n’imyifatire ye, bikagaragaza ko ikitegererezo imibereho ye itanga ari cyo cy’ingenzi cyane:

Iri jambo ni iryo kwizerwa ngo “umuntu nashaka kuba umwepisikopi, aba yifuje umurimo mwiza.” Nuko umwepisikopi akwiriye kuba inyangamugayo, no kuba umugabo w’umugore umwe, abe udakunda ibisindisha, wirinda, ugira gahunda mu kubaho kwe, ukunda gucumbikira abashyitsi, ufite ubwenge bwo kwigisha, utari umunywi wa vino cyangwa umunyarukoni, ahubwo abe umugwaneza utarwana, utari umukunzi w’impiya, utegeka neza abo mu rugo rwe, agatera abana be kumvira no kubaha rwose. (Mbese utazi gutegeka abo mu rugo rwe yabasha ate kurinda itorero ry’Imana?) Kandi ntakwiriye kuba uhindutse umukristo vuba, kugira ngo atikakaza akagwa, agacirwaho iteka Satani yaciriwe ho. Kandi akwiriye gushimwa neza n’abo hanze, kugira ngo adahinyuka akagwa mu mutego wa Satani (1 Tim. 3:1-7).

Iyo ugereranyije ibi bisabwa n’ibyo amatorero dini ashyira ku rutonde iyo ashaka umupasitori bigaragaza ikibazo cy’ibanze amatorero menshi afite. Bashaka umuyobozi w’abakozi/uzi gushimisha abantu/uvuga disikuru ngufi/umutegetsi/umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze/umuyobozi w’ibikorwa na gahunda zitandukanye/uzi gushakisha imali akamenya kwitangisha abantu/incuti ya bose, uzi gusābāna/ukora cyane. Bashaka umuntu “ukora umurimo w’itorero.” Nyamara umwepisikopi mu buryo bwa Bibiliya, mbere y’ibindi byose agomba kuba ari umuntu w’imyifatire y’intangarugero kandi wiyeguriye Kristo, umugaragu nyakuri, kuko intego ye iba ari uguhindura abandi bantu nka we. Aba agomba gushobora kubwira umukumbi ayoboye ato, “Mugere ikirenge mu cyanjye, nk’uko nanjye nkigera mu cya Kristo” (1 Kor. 11:1).

Ushaka gukomeza gukurikirana neza icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku murimo w’umupasitori, reba n’Ibyak. 20:28-31; 1 Tim. 5:17-20; na Tito 1:5-9.

Umurimo w’Umudiyakoni

(The Office of Deacon)

Mu gusoza reka mvuge gato ku badiyakoni. Umuhamagaro w’umudiyakoni ni wo muhamagaro wundi wonyine uboneka mu itorero, kandi ntabwo uri muri ya mihamagaro uko ari itanu. Abadiyakoni nta butware bwo kuyobora itorero bafite nk’abakuru b’itorero. Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki risobanurwa umudiyakoni ni diakonos, kandi risobanura “umugaragu.”

Ba bantu barindwi batorewe umurimo wo kugaburira abapfakazi mu itorero ry’i Yerusalemu bivugwa ko ari bo babaye abadiyakoni ba mbere (reba Ibyak 6:1-6). Batowe n’itorero bahabwa inshingano n’intumwa. Nibura babiri muri bo, Filipo na Sitefano, nyuma Imana yaje kubazamura mu ntera baba abavugabutumwa bakomeye.

Abadiyakoni kandi bavugwa muri 1 Timoteyo 3:8-13 no mu Abafilipi 1:1. Bigaragara ko uyu murimo ushobora gukorwa n’umugabo cyangwa umugore (reba 1 Tim. 3:11).

[1] Ubu ni ubundi buryo gusa bwo kuvuga ngo, “Kugira ngo bahindure abantu abigishwa ba Yesu Kristo.”

[2] Iyo abigishwa ba Yesu bigishaga abigishwa babo ibyo yategetse byose, baba barigishije abigishije abigishwa babo guhindura abantu abigishwa na bo, bakababatiza kandi bakabigisha kwitondera ibyo Kristo yategetse byose. Nuko rero guhindura abantu abigishwa, kubabatiza no kubigisha ryari kuba itegeko ry’uruhererekane rihoraho rikurikizwa na buri mwigishwa nyawe.

Bibiliya yuzuye ahantu henshi usanga abagabo baragiye bahabwa ako kanya n’Umwuka Wera ubushobozi bw’indengakamere. Mu Isezerano Rishya, ubwo bushobozi bw’indengakamere bwitwa “impano z’Umwuka.” Ni impano mu buryo bw’uko ntawe uzikorera. Nyamara ntitugomba kwibagirwa yuko Imana ishyira hejuru umuntu ishobora kugirira icyizere. Yesu yaravuze ati, “Ukiranutse ku cyoroheje cyane, aba akiranutse no ku gikomeye. Kandi ukiraniwe ku cyoroheje cyane, aba akiraniwe no ku gikomeye” (Luka 16:10). Nuko rero dushobora kwizera ko impano z’Umwuka zishobora cyane cyane guhabwa abagaragaje ubwizerwa kwabo imbere y’Imana. Kwiyegurira rwose Umwuka Wera no kumugandukira ni ngombwa cyane, kuko Imana ishobora cyane gukoresha abantu bameze batyo ibintu by’indengakamere. Ku rundi ruhande, Imana yigeze gukoresha indogobe irahanura, ubwo rero ishobora gukoresha uwo ari we wese ishatse. Itegereje ko dutungana rwose ngo ibone kudukoresha, nta n’umwe muri twe yakoresha!

Mu Isezerano Rishya, urutonde rw’impano z’Umwuka ruri mu 1 Abakorinto 12, kandi zose hamwe ni icyenda:

Umwe aheshwa ijambo ry’ubwenge n’Umwuka, undi agaheshwa n’uwo Mwuka ijambo ryo kumenya, undi agaheshwa n’uwo Mwuka kwizera, undi agaheshwa n’uwo Mwuka impano yo gukiza indwara. Undi agahabwa gukora ibitangaza, undi agahabwa guhanura, undi agahabwa kurobanura imyuka, undi agahabwa kuvuga indimi nyinshi, undi agahabwa gusobanura indimi (1 Kor. 12:8-10).

Kumenya gusobanura impano ya buri muntu si byo by’ingenzi cyane kugira ngo Imana ikoreshe umuntu mu mpano z’Umwuka. Abahanuzi bo mu Isezerano Rya Kera, abatambyi, abami, ndetse n’abakozi b’Imana bo mu ntangiriro z’Itorero ryo mu Isezerano Rishya bose bakoreraga mu mpano z’Umwuka nyamara batazi kuzishyira mu byiciro byazo cyangwa kuzisobanura neza. Ariko kuko impano z’Umwuka twazishyiriwe mu byiciro mu Isezerano Rishya, kigomba kuba ari ikintu Imana ishaka ko dusobanukirwa. Koko Pawulo yaranditse ati, “Bene Data, ibyerekeye impano z’Umwuka sinshaka ko mutabimenya (1 Kor. 12:1).

Za mpano Icyenda Mu Byiciro

(The Nine Gifts Categorized)

Izo mpano icyenda z’Umwuka zashyizwe mu byiciro bitatu muri iki gihe: (1) impano zo kuvuga, ari zo: kuvuga indimi, gusobanura indimi, no guhanura; (2) impano zo guhishurirwa, ari zo: ijambo ry’ubwenge, ijambo ryo kumenya no kurobanura imyuka; n’ (3) impano z’imbaraga, ari zo: gukora ibitangaza, kwizera kudasanzwe, n’impano zo gukiza indwara. Eshatu muri izi mpano zifite icyo zivuga; eshatu hari icyo zihishura; kandi eshatu hari icyo zikora. Izi mpano zose zarakoraga mu Isezerano Rya Kera, uretse kuvuga mu ndimi no gusobanura indimi. Izo uko ari ebyiri ziri mu Isezerano Rishya gusa.

Isezerano Rishya nta mabwiriza ritanga y’uburyo bwo gukoresha “impano z’imbaraga” kandi rivuga gato cyane ku buryo bwo gukoresha “impano zo guhishurirwa.” Nyamara Pawulo atanga amabwirizwa ahagije ku “mpano zo kuvuga,” kandi wenda hari impamvu z’uburyo bubiri.

Iya mbere, impano zo kuvuga ni zo zikunze kugaragara mu materaniro y’Itorero, mu gihe impano zo guhishurirwa zidakunze kuboneka cyane, naho impano z’imbaraga zo ni zo zigaragara gake cyane kurusha izindi zose. Ubwo rero amabwirizwa twakenera cyane ni ayerekeye impano zishobora kugaragara cyane kenshi mu materaniro.

Iya kabiri, impano zo kuvuga zisa nk’aho zisaba ko umuntu abigiramo uruhare runini, kubera iyo mpamvu rero, zikaba ari zo mpano zishobora kuba zakoreshwa nabi kurusha izindi. Biroroshye cyane kongeraho akantu gato ku buhanuzi ukaba urabwishe kurusha uko wagira icyo wangiza ku mpano yo gukiza indwara.

Uko Umwuka Ashaka

(As the Spirit Wills)

Ni iby’ingenzi cyane kumenya ko impano z’Umwuka zitangwa uko Umwuka ashaka atari uko umuntu n’umwe ashaka. Bibiliya irabisobanura neza:

Ariko ibyo byose uwo Mwuka umwe ni we ubikorera muri bo, agabira umuntu wese uko ashaka (1 Kor. 12:11).

Imana ifatanije nab o guhamya, ihamirisha ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza n’imirimo ikomeye y’uburyo bwinshi, n’impano z’Umwuka Wera zagabwe nk’uko yabishatse (Heb. 2:4).

Umuntu ashobora gukoreshwa kenshi mu mpano runaka, ariko nta muntu n’umwe ufite impano n’imwe atunze. Kuko gusa hari igihe wasigirwa amavuta gukora igitangaza ntabwo bivuze ko ushobora gukora igitangaza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ushakiye; nta n’ubwo wabishingiraho ngo wemeze ko uzongersa gukoreshwa igitangaza.

Turi bwige mu buryo bugufi, turebe ingero nkeya zo muri Bibiliya kuri buri mpano. Ariko kandi ukomeze kugumana mu bitekerezo ko Imana ifite inzira igihumbi ishobora kugaragarizamo ubuntu bwayo n’imbaraga zayo, bityo rero ntibishoboka ko twavuga neza neza uburyo buri mpano ikora buri gihe. Ikindi kandi, nta busobanuro buri muri Bibiliya kuri izo mpano icyenda–icyo dufite gusa ni icyo buri mpano ikora. Nuko rero dushobora kureba gusa ku ngero ziri muri Bibiliya tukagerageza kureba icyiciro buri mpano irimo, amaherezo tukazisobanura dushingiye ku kuntu zigenda zitandukanye. Bitewe n’uko hari uburyo bwinshi Umwuka Wera ashobora kwigaragarizamo mu mpano z’indengakamere, ntibyaba birimo ubwenge tugerageje guhagarara cyane ku busobanuro bwacu. Impano zimwe zishobora mu byukuri no kuba ari impano nyinshi zikomatanyirije hamwe zigakora nk’impano imwe. Kuri ibi Pawulo yaranditse ati:

Icyakora hariho impano z’uburyo bwinshi, ariko Umwuka ni umwe. Kandi hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kugabura iby’Imana, ariko Umwami ni umwe. Hariho n’uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora, ariko Imana ikorera byose muri bose ni imwe, umuntu wese agahabwa ikimwerekanaho Umwuka kugira ngo bose bafashwe (1 Kor. 12:4-7).

Impano z’Imbaraga

(The Power Gifts)

1) Impano zo gukiza indwara: Impano zo gukiza indwara birumvikana ko zifite aho zihuriye no gukira kw’abantu barwaye. Zikunze gusobanurwa nk’ubushobozi ndengakamere bwo gukiza ako kanya mu buryo bw’umubiri umuntu urwaye, kandi simbona impamvu umuntu yabihakanya. Mu gice turangije twabonye urugero rumwe rw’impano yo gukiza indwara yakoreye muri Yesu igihe yakizaga wa mugabo w’ikirema ku kidendezi cy’i Betesida (reba Yohana 5:2-17).

Imana yakoresheje Elisa gukiza umubembe Nāmani w’Umusiriya, wasengaga ikigirwamana (reba 2 Abami 5:1-14). Nk’uko twabibonye twiga amagambo ya Yesu muri Luka 4:27 avuga ku gukira kwa Nāmani, Elisa ntiyashoboraga gukiza umubembe wese igihe ashakiye cyose. Ako kanya yayobowe mu buryo bw’igitangaza n’Umwuka Wera kubwira Nāmani kwibira muri Yorodani incuro ndwi, kandi igihe Nāmani yaje kugeraho akumvira, yakize ibibembe bye.

Imana yakoresheje Petero mu gukiza cya kirema cyo ku irembo ryitwa Ryiza biciye mu mpano yo gukiza indwara (Ibyak. 3:1-10). Ntihabayeho gukira kw’ikirema gusa, ahubwo icyo gitangaza cyanakururiye benshi kuza kumva ubutumwa bwiza bwavaga mu kanwa ka Petero, kandi abantu ibihumbi bitanu biyongereye ku itorero uwo munsi. Impano zo gukiza indwara akenshi zigira umumaro w’uburyo bubiri, zikiza abarwayi kandi zigakururira abantu badakijijwe kuri Kristo.

Igihe Petero yagezaga ubutumwa bwe ku bantu bari bateraniye aho uwo munsi, yaravuze ati:

Yemwe bagabo ba Isirayeli, ni iki gitumye mutangarira ibi? Mudutumbirira iki nk’aho ari imbaraga zacu cyangwa kūbaha Imana kwacu, biduhaye kumugendesha? (Ibyak. 3:12).

Petero yemeye ko atari ukubera imbaraga runaka yari afite muri we, cyangwa se kubera gukiranuka kudasanzwe, byatumye Imana imukoresha mu gukiza ikirema. Wibuke ko amezi abiri gusa mbere y’icyo gitangaza, Petero yari yihakanyeYesu avuga ko atigeze amumenya. Icyo kintu gusa cyo kubona Imana yarakoresheje Petero mu buryo bw’ibitangaza mu mpapuro za mbere z’igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa cyari gikwiye kuzamura cyane icyizere cyacu ko natwe Imana yadukoresha uko ishaka.

Igihe Petero yageragezaga gusobanura uko uwo mugabo yakize, birashoboka cyane ko atashyize uko gukira mu cyiciro cy “impano yo gukiza indwara.” Icyo Petero yari azi gusa ni uko we na Yohana bagendanaga n’umuntu w’ikirema hanyuma ako kanya Petero akumva yuzuye kwizera ko uwo muntu akira. Nuko ategeka uwo muntu kugenda mu izina rya Yesu, amufata mu kiganza cy’iburyo aramuhagurutsa. Wa muntu w’ikirema atangira “kugenda asimbuka ahimbaza Imana.” Petero yabisobanuye atya:

Kandi uyu, uwo mureba kandi muzi, kuko yizeye izina ry’Uwo ni ryo rimuhaye imbaraga, kandi kwizera ahawe n’Uwo ni ko kumukirije rwose imbere yanyu mwese (Ibyak. 3:16).

Bisaba kwizera kudasanzwe kugira ngo umuntu afate umuntu w’ikirema ukuboko amuhagurutse hanyuma yiringire ko agiye kugenda! Hamwe n’iyi mpano yihariye yo gukiza indwara, hagomba kuba hari no kwizera kwamumanukiye kugatuma bishoboka.

Bamwe bavuga ko impamvu iyi mpano ivugwa mu bwinshi (bavuga, “impano zo” gukiza indwara) ari uko hari impano zitandukanye zo gukiza indwara zitandukanye. Abakunze kujya bakoreshwa cyane mu mpano zo gukiza indwara bagezaho bakabona ko hari indwara runaka zihariye bakiza cyane kurusha izindi. Urugero, umuvugabutumwa Filipo yagaragaraga cyane nk’ufite impano yihariye mu gukiza abamugaye n’abanyunyutse (Ibyak. 8:7). Urugero kandi hari abavugabutumwa bamwe bo mu kinyejana gishize, bari ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane mu gukiza abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona, cyangwa kutumva cyangwa uburwayi bw’umutima, n’ibindi bitewe n’impano bagiye bafite zikiza indwara runaka cyane kurusha izindi ndwara.

2) Impano yo kwizera no gukora ibitangaza: Impano yo kwizera n’impano yo gukora ibitangaza zigaragara nk’izisa. Kuri izo mpano zombi, umuntu amavuta amanukiye ahabwa ako kanya kwizera ko gukora ibidashoboka. Itandukaniro hagati y’izo mpano zombi akenshi risobanurwa gutya: Ku mpano yo kwizera, umanukiwe n’amavuta ahabwa kwizera ko kwakira igitangaza ku bwe, naho impano yo gukora ibitangaza, umuntu ahabwa kwizera ko gukorera undi muntu igitangaza.

Impano yo kwizera rimwe na rimwe bayita “kwizera kudasanzwe” kuko umuntu amanukirwa ako kanya no kwizera kurenze kwizera gusanzwe. Kwizera gusanzwe kuzanwa no kumva isezerano ry’Imana, mu gihe kwizera kudasanzwe ko kuzanwa no gukorwaho ako kanya n’Umwuka Wera. Abagize ibyo bihe byo kugira impano yo kwizera kudasanzwe bavuga ko bagiye kumva bakumva ibintu babonaga ko bidashoboka bibaye ibishoboka, kandi koko bakumva bidashoboka ko babishidikanya. Ni cyo kimwe no ku mpano yo gukora ibitangaza.

Inkuru ya Daniyeli na bagenzi be batatu, Shadaraki, Meshaki na Abedinego itwereka urugero rwiza cyane rw’ukuntu “kwizera kudasanzwe” gutuma bidashoboka gushidikanya. Igihe babajugunyaga mu itanura ry’umuriro kuko banze kunamira ikigirwamana cy’umwami, bose bahawe impano yo kwizera kudasanzwe. Byagombaga kwizera kurenze ugusanzwe kugira ngo umuntu atabwe mu birimi by’umuriro bikaze abeho! Reka turebe kwizera abo basore batatu bagaragaje imbere y’umwami:

Saduraka na Meshaki na Abedenego basubiza umwami bati, “Nebukadinezari, nta mpamvu ituma tugusubiza iryo jambo. Niba ari ibyo [niba ugiye kutujugunya mu itanura], Imana yacu dukorera ibasha kudukiza mu itanura ry’umuriro ugurumana, kandi izadukiza ukuboko kwawe nyagasani. Ariko niba atari ibyo [nutatujugunya mu itanura ry’umuriro], nyagasani umenye ko tutari bukorere imana zawe, habe no kuramya icyo gishushanyo cy’izahabu wakoze” (Dan. 3:16-18).

Urabona ko impano yakoraga na mbere y’uko batabwa mu muriro. Nta gushidikanya na guto kwarangwaga mu bitekerezo byabo ko Imana iri bubakize.

Eliya yakoreraga mu mpano yo kwizera kudasanzwe igihe yagaburirwaga n’ibikōna buri munsi muri ya cya gihe cy’amapfa y’imyaka itatu n’igice yo ku ngoma y’umwami mubi Ahabu (reba 2 Abami 17:1-6). Bisaba kwizera kurenze ugusanzwe kugira ngo wizere ko ibisiga bizajya bikuzanira ibyo kurya ku manywa na nijoro. Nubwo nta hantu na hamwe Imana yigeze idusezeranira mu Ijambo ryayo ko ibikōna bizatuzanira ibiryo buri munsi, dushobora gukoresha kwizera gusanzwe tukiringira ko Imana izatumara ubukene bwacu bwa buri munsi–kuko iryo ni isezerano (reba Mat. 6:25-34).

Gukora ibitangaza cyari ikintu gihoraho mu murimo wa Mose. Yakoreye muri iyo mpano igihe yatandukanyaga Inyanja Itukura (reba Kuva 14:13-31) n’igihe ibyago bitandukanye byateraga Egiputa.

Yesu yakoreye mu mpano yo gukora ibitangaza igihe yagaburiraga abantu 5,000 akoresheje udufi duke n’udutsima duke (reba Mat 14:15-21).

Igihe Pawulo yatumaga Eluma umukonikoni amara igihe ari impumyi kubera ko yaberaga intambamyi umurimo wa Pawulo mu kirwa cya Kupuro, urwo rwaba urugero rwo gukora ibitangaza (reba Ibyak 13:4-12).

Impano zo guhishurirwa

(The Revelation Gifts)

1). Ijambo ryo kumenya n’ijambo ry’ubwenge: Impano y’ijambo ryo kumenya akenshi isobanurwa nko kumanukirwa ako kanya mu buryo ndengakamere n’amakuru avuga ibyo igihe cyahise cyangwa ikiriho. Imana, ifite kumenya kose, rimwe na rimwe itangaho agace gato k’ubwo bumenyi, ari cyo gituma wenda byitwa ijambo ryo kumenya. Ijambo ni agace k’interuro, nuko rero ijambo ryo kumenya rishobora kuba ari agace ko kumenya kw’Imana.

Ijambo ry’ubwenge risa cyane n’ijambo ryo kumenya, ariko akenshi risobanurwa ko ari ukumanukirwa ako kanya no kumenya ibyo mu bihe bizaza mu buryo ndengakamere. Iryo jambo ubwenge ubusanzwe ririmo ikintu cyo mu gihe kizaza. Na none, ubu busobanuro ntibutomoye neza.

Reka turebe urugero rumwe rwo mu Isezerano Rya Kera rw’ijambo ryo kumenya. Elisa amaze gukiza Nāmani Umusiriya ibibembe, Nāmani yashatse guha Elisa amafaranga menshi cyane ashima ko akize. Elisa yanze kwakira iyo mpano kugira ngo hatagira ukeka ko gukira kwa Nāmani kwaguzwe amafaranga aho kuba ubuntu bw’Imana. Ariko Gehazi umugaragu wa Elisa we yabonye ko ari amahirwe abonetse yo kwigwiriza ubutunzi, nuko mu buryo bw’ibanga yakira igice cy’ubutunzi Nāmani yashakaga gutangaho ikiguzi. Gehazi amaze guhisha ifeza yabonye mu buryo bw’uburiganya, aza imbere ya Elisa. Hanyuma dusoma ngo,

Elisa aramubaza ati, “Uraturuka he Gehazi?” Undi ati, “Umugaragu wawe ntaho nagiye.”Aramubwira ati, “Umutimwa wanjye ntiwajyanye nawe, ubwo wa mugabo yahindukiraga akava ku igare rye akaza kugusanganira?” (2 Abami 5:25b-26a).

Imana, yo nyirukumenya neza amabi yose Gehazi yakoze, yabihishuriye Elisa mu buryo bw’igitangaza. Iyi nkuru ariko, yerekana neza ko Elisa atari “atunze” impano y’ijambo ryo kumenya; ni ukuvuga ngo ntiyashoboraga kumenya buri kintu cyose igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Iyo biza kuba bimeze bityo, Gehazi ntaba yarigeze atekereza ko ashobora guhisha icyaha yakoze. Elisa yamenyaga gusa ibintu mu buryo bw’igitangaza igihe Imana yabimuhishuriraga rimwe na rimwe. Impano yakoraga uko Umwuka ashaka.

Yesu yakoreraga mu mpano y’ijambo ryo kumenya igihe yabwiraga wa musamariyakazi ku iriba ko yagize abagabo batanu (reba Yohana 4:17-18).

Petero yakoreshwaga muri iyi mpano igihe yamenyaga mu buryo bw’igitangaza ko barimo babeshya ngo batanze mu itorero ibyo bagurishije mu isambu yabo byose (reba Ibyak. 5:1-11).

Naho ku by’ijambo ry’ubwenge, tubona cyane kenshi iyi mpano mu bahanuzi bose bo mu Isezerano Rya Kera. Igihe cyose bavugaga ibizaba, ijambo ry’ubwenge ryabaga ririmo rikora. Yesu yahabwaga gukorera muri iyi mpano kenshi na we. Yavuze uko Yerusalemu izasenywa, avuga uko azabambwa ku musaraba, avuga n’ibintu bizaba ku isi mbere y’uko agaruka (reba Luke 17:22-36, 21:6-28).

Intumwa Yohana na we yakoreshejwe muri iyi mpano igihe yahishurirwaga ibihano byo mu gihe cy’Amakuba akomeye. Ibyo byose yabitwandikiye mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe.

2). Impano yo kurobanura imyuka: Impano yo kurobanura imyuka akenshi ikunze gusobanurwa nk’ubushobozi ndengakamere bwo kubona cyangwa ibirimo biraba mu isi y’umwuka.

Iyerekwa, mu buryo bw’amaso cyangwa mu bitekerezo by’uwizera, rishobora gushyirwa mu rwego rwo kurobanura imyuka. Iyi mpano ishobora gutuma uwizera abona abamarayika, abadayimoni, cyangwa na Yesu ubwe, nk’uko byabaye kuri Pawulo kenshi (reba Ibyak. 18:9-10; 22:17-21; 23:11).

Igihe Elisa n’umugaragu we bari bakurikiwe n’ingabo z’Abasiriya, bakisanga bagotewe i Dotani. Icyo gihe, umugaragu wa Elisa yarebeye hejuru y’igihome, abonye ingabo nyinshi z’Abasiriya zirema inteko, agira ubwoba:

Aramusubiza [Elisa] ati, “Witinya kuko abo turi kumwe ari benshi kuruta abari kumwe na bo.” Nuko Elisa arasenga ati, “Uwiteka ndakwinginze, muhumure amaso arebe.” Nuko Uwiteka ahumura amaso y’uwo musore arareba, abona umusozi wuzuye amafarashi n’amagare by’umuriro bigose Elisa” (2 Abami 6:16-17).

Wari uzi ko abamarayika bagendera ku mafarashi n’amagare by’umwuka? Umunsi umwe uzabibona mu ijuru, ariko Elisa n’umugaragu we bahawe ubushobozi bwo kubibona bakiri ku isi.

Muri iyi mpano uwizera ashobora umwuka mubi uteje umuntu ibibazo kandi akagira n’ubushobozi bwo kumenya neza ubwoko bw’uwo mwuka ubwo ari bwo.

Iyi mpano ishobora kuba atari iyo kubona gusa ibyo mu mwuka ahubwo ifasha no gusobanukirwa ibindi bintu ibyo ari byo byose byo mu mwuka. Urugero nko kumva ikintu cyo mu isi y’umwuka, nko kumva ijwi ry’Imana ubwaryo.

Icya nyuma, iyi mpano si “impano yo gushishoza”, kumenya kugenzura ibintu no gusobanukirwa, nk’uko bamwe bibwira ko ari ko “impano yo kurobanura” iri. Abantu bivugaho ko bafite iyo mpano rimwe na rimwe bibwira ko bashobora kumenya ibitekerezo by’abandi bantu n’impamvu zibatera gukora ibyo bakora, ariko ahubwo urebye umuntu yavuga ko imano yabo ari “impano yo kunegura abandi no kubacira imanza.” Ukuri ni uko ushobora kuba wari ufite iyo “mpano” utarakizwa, ariko ubu noneho ubu aho umariye gukizwa, Imana irashaka kuyigukiza burundu!

Impano zo Kuvuga

(The Utterance Gifts)

1). Impano y’ubuhanuzi: Impano y’ubuhanuzi ni ubushobozi bumanukira umuntu ako kanya mu buryo ndengakamere agashobora kuvuga ahumekewe n’Imana, akavuga mu rurimi rwe asanzwe avuga. Iteka ubuhanuzi bushobora gutangizwa n’amagambo ngo, “Uku ni ko Uwiteka avuga.”

Iyi si impano yo kwigisha cyangwa kubwiriza. Kubwiriza cyangwa kwigisha birimo guhumekerwa n’Imana biba birimo ubuhanuzi kuko bib bisizwe amavuta n’Umwuka, ariko ntibiba ari ubuhanuzi nk’uko buri mu miterere yabwo y’umwimerere. Kenshi na kenshi umuvugabutumwa cyangwa umwigisha ashobora kugira atya agahumekerwa n’Imana akavuga ibintu atari yateguye kuvuga, ariko mu byukuri ubwo si ubuhanuzi, nubwo ntekereza ko ibyo avuze biba bihanura.

Impano y’ubuhanuzi nyirizina umurimo wayo ni ukungura, guhugura no guhumuriza:

Ariko uhanura we abwira abantu ibyo kubungura, n’ibyo kubahugura n’ibyo kubahumuriza (1 Kor. 14:3).

Nuko rero impano y’ubuhanuzi yo, ubwayo, nta hishurirwa igira. Ni ukuvuga ko yo itagira icyo ihishura ku gihe cyahise, ikiriho cyangwa ikizaza, nk’uko ijambo ry’ubwenge n’ijambo ryo kumenya bikora. Nyamara nk’uko navuze mbere, impano z’umwuka zishobora gukorana icyarimwe, bityo rero ijambo ry’ubwenge cyangwa iryo kumenya ashobora gukora mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi.

Iyo twumva umuntu atanga ubuhanuzi mu materaniro akavuga ibizaba, mu byukuri ntituba twumvise ubuhanuzi gusa; twumvise ahubwo ijambo ry’ubwenge ritanzwe mu buryo bw’impano y’ubuhanuzi. Impano y’ubuhanuzi ubwayo uyumvise wagira ngo ni umuntu usoma muri Bibiliya amagambo yo guhugura nk’aya ngo “Mukomerere mu Mwami no mu mbaraga ze z’ubushobozi bwe bwinshi” cyangwa ngo, “Sinzabasiga, sinzabahāna.”

Hari abemera ko mu Isezerano Rishya nta buhanuzi buvuga “ibintu bibi”bukwiye kubaho, ngo naho ubundi ntibwaba buhuye n’ ibyo “kungura, guhugura, no guhumuriza.” Ariko ibyo si byo. Gushyiraho imipaka y’ibyo Imana igomba kubwira abantu bayo, hakemerwa gusa ibyo bita “byiza” no mu gihe bari bakeneye gucyahwa, ni ukwishyira hejuru ugashaka gusumba Imana. Gucyaha bishobora rwose kubarirwa mu kiciro cyo kungura no guhugura. Nabonye ko mu butumwa Umwami yoherereje amatorero arindwi yo muri Asiya, buri mu gitabo cya Yohana cy’Ibyahishuwe, harimo rwose gucyaha. Tubikureho se? Si ko mbyumva.

2). Impano yo kuvuga indimi nyinshi n’iyo gusobanura indimi: Impano yo kuvuga indimi nyinshi ni ubushobozi ndengakamere umuntu ahabwa ako kanya bwo kuvuga mu rurimi rutazwi na nyirukuruvuga. Ubusanzwe iyi mpano igendana n’impano yo gusobanura indimi, ibyo ni ubushobozi ndengakamere umuntu ahabwa ako kanya bwo gusobanura ibyavuzwe mu rurimi rutamenyekana.

Iyi mpano yitwa gusobanura indimi bitavuze gusobanura nk’uvana mu Cyongereza ashyira mu Kinyarwanda. Ubwo rero ntitugomba gutegereza ko basobanura ubutumwa butanzwe mu ndimi ijambo ku rindi. Ku bw’ibyo hashobora kuvugwa “indimi nkeya” nyamara ubutumwa burimo ari burebure iyo zisobanuwe, cyangwa na none indimi zikaba nyinshi kandi zasobanurwa, ubutumwa burimo bukaba ari bugufi.

Impano yo gusobanura indimi isa cyane n’iy’ubuhanuzi kuko na yo nta hishurirwa igira ubwayo kandi ubusanzwe yaba iyo kungura, guhugura no guhumuriza. Ndetse twanavuga ko, dukurikije 1 Abakorinto 14:5, kuvuga indimi hamwe no gusobanura indimi bibyara ubuhanuzi:

Uhanura aruta uvuga izindi ndimi, keretse azisobanuye kugira ngo itorero ryunguke.

Nk’uko nabivuze mbere, nta mabwiriza yatanzwe muri Bibiliya y’uburyo impano z’imbaraga zigomba gukoreshwa, ku mpano zo guhishurirwa hari amabwirizwa make cyane, ariko ahubwo hakaba amabwirizwa menshi yerekeranye n’uko umuntu yakoresha impano zo kuvuga. Kuko hariho ubujiji mu itorero ry’i Korinto ku bijyanye no gukoresha impano zo kuvuga, Pawulo yabifasheho hafi igice cyose cya cumi na kane cy’urwandiko rwa mbere rw’Abakorinto.

Ikibazo cyari gihari cyane cyane cyari kihiganje cyari icyo kumenya uburyo bwiza bwakoreshwa mu kuvuga indimi, kuko nk’uko twamaze kubibona mu gice kivuga ku kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera, buri mwizera wese ubatijwe mu Mwuka Wera aba ashobora gusenga mu ndimi igihe cyose ashakiye. Abakorinto bavugaga mu ndimi cyane mu materaniro yabo, ariko nta gahunda yabaga ibirimo.

Uburyo Butandukanye Bwo Gukoresha Izindi Ndimi

The Different Uses of Other Tongues

Ni ngombwa cyane ko dusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yo kuvuga mu ndimi zitamenyekana mu ruhame no kuzivuga mu mwiherero. Nubwo buri mukristo wese wabatijwe mu Mwuka Wera ashobora kuvuga mu ndimi igihe cyose ashakiye, ntibishatse kuvuga ko Imana yamukoresha kuvuga mu ndimi mu ruhame. Akamaro k’ibanze ko kuvuga mu ndimi ni igihe umuntu yihereranye n’Imana mu bihe bye byo gusenga. Abakorinto bo iyo bateranaga, batangiraga bose icyarimwe kuvuga mu ndimi kandi nta n’usobanura, birumvikana kandi ko ibyo ntawe byunguraga (reba 1 Kor. 14:6-12, 16-19, 23, 26-28).

Uburyo bumwe bwo gutandukanya imikoreshereze y’indimi mu ruhame no mu mwiherero ni uko mu mwiherero byitwa gusenga mu ndimi naho mu ruhame bikitwa kuvuga mu zindi ndimi. Pawulo avuga kuri ubwo buryo bwombi mu gice cya cumi na kane cy’urwandiko rwe rwa mbere yandikira Abakorinto. Bitandukaniye he?

Iyo dusenga mu rurimi rutamenyekana, umwuka wacu uba usenga Imana (reba 1 Kor. 14:2, 14). Nyamara igihe umuntu agize atya ako kanya akamanukirwa n’amavuta y’impano yo kuvuga mu ndimi, buba ari ubutumwa buturutse ku Mwami Imana ihaye itorero (reba 1 Kor. 14:5), kandi ubwo butumwa bumenyekana igihe izo ndimi zisobanuwe.

Nk’uko Bibiliya ivuga, dushobora gusenga mu ndimi uko dushaka (reba 1 Kor. 14:15), ariko impano yo kuvuga mu zindi ndimi ikora uko Umwuka Wera ashaka (reba 1 Kor. 12:11).

Impano yo kuvuga mu zindi ndimi ubundi iba igomba guherekezwa n’impano yo gusobanura indimi. Ariko gusenga mu ndimi umuntu yiherereye byo ntibigomba gusobanurwa. Pawulo yavuze ko iyo asenga mu ndimi bitagira icyo byungura abandi (reba 1 Kor. 14:14).

Iyo umuntu asenga mu ndimi aba yiyungura ubwe gusa (reba 1 Kor. 14:4), ariko igihe impano yo kuvuga mu ndimi irimo ikora kandi iherekejwe n’impano yo gusobanura indimi Itorero ryose rirunguka (reba 1 Kor. 14:4b-5).

Buri mwizera wese akwiye gusenga mu ndimi buri munsi nka kimwe mu bigize ubusabane bwe n’Umwami Imana. Kimwe mu bintu byiza cyane byo gusenga mu ndimi ni uko bitagusaba gukoresha ubwenge. Ibyo bishatse kuvuga ko ushobora gusenga mu ndimi no mu gihe ubwenge bwawe buhugiye mu kazi urimo urakora cyangwa ibindi. Pawulo yabwiye Abakorinto ati, “Nshimira Imana yuko mwese mbarusha kuvuga indimi zitamenyekana” (1 Kor. 14:18). Agomba kuba yaramaraga igihe kirekire avuga mu ndimi kugira ngo arushe abo mu Itorero ry’i Korinto bose!

Pawulo kandi yanditse ko iyo dusenga mu ndimi, rimwe na rimwe tuba “dushima Imana” (1 Kor. 14:16-17). Incuro zigera kuri eshatu “nsenga mu ndimi” umuntu wari iruhande rwanjye wari uzi Ikiyapani yumvise ibyo navugaga. Izo ncuro zose uko ari eshatu navugaga Ikiyapani. Rimwe nabwiye Imana mu Kiyapani ngo, “Uri mwiza cyane.” Indi ncuro ndavuga ngo, “Urakoze cyane.” Ikindi gihe naravuze ngo, “Tebuka, tebuka; ndategereje.” Mbese ntibitangaje? Sinigeze niga n’ijambo na rimwe ry’Ikiyapani, ariko nibura incuro eshatu “nashimye Imana” mu Kiyapani!

Amabwiriza ya Pawulo yo Kuvuga Mu Ndimi

Paul’s Instructions for Speaking in Tongues

Amabwiriza ya Pawulo ku Itorero ry’i Korinto yari yihariye cyane. Muri buri teraniro ryose ribayeho, umubare w’abantu bemerewe kuvuga mu ndimi mu ruhame ntiwagombaga kurenga babiri cyangwa batatu. Ntibagombaga kuvugira rimwe bose, ahubwo buri wese yagombaga gutegereza uwe mwanya (reba 1 Kor. 14:27).

Pawulo ntiyashakaga kuvuga ko “ubutumwa butanzwe mu ndimi” bwemewe ari ubw’abantu batatu gusa, ahubwo yavugaga ko muri buri teraniro hatagomba kuba abantu barenga batatu bavuga mu ndimi. Bamwe bavuga ko iyo habaga hari abantu barenga batatu bamenyereye gukoreshwa muri iyo mpano yo kuvuga mu ndimi, uwo ari we wese muri bo yashoboraga kumva icyo Umwuka avuga maze agatanga “ubutumwa bwo mu ndimi” Umwuka ashaka ko butangwa mu itorero. Bitabaye ibyo, mu byukuri amabwiriza ya Pawulo yari kuba ashyiriraho Umwuka Wera umupaka mu gushyiraho umubare ntarengwa w’ubutumwa bwo mu ndimi bugomba gutangwa mu iteraniro iryo ari ryo ryose. Iyo Umwuka Wera aba atashoboraga na rimwe gutanga impano zo kuvuga indimi mu ruhame ku bantu barenga batatu mu iteraniro, nta mpamvu yari gutuma Pawulo atanga amabwiriza nk’ayo.

Ibi kandi byaba ukuri no ku gusobanura indimi. Bavuga ko hashobora kubaho mu iteraniro abantu barenze umwe kumva Umwuka no gutanga ubusobanuro bw’ “ubutumwa butanzwe mu ndimi.” Abantu nk’abo bakwitwa “abasobanuzi” (reba 1 Kor. 14:28), kuko baba bakoreshwa kenshi mu mpano yo gusobanura indimi. Niba ari uko bimeze, wenda ni byo yavugaga igihe yatangaga aya mbabwiriza ngo, “umwe asobanure” (1 Kor. 14:27). Birashoboka ko atavugaga ko umuntu umwe gusa ari we ugomba gusobanura ubutumwa bwose butanzwe mu ndimi; ahubwo yarabihanangirizaga ngo hatazabaho “kurushanwa gusobanura” ubutumwa bumwe. Igihe umusobanuzi umwe yabaga asobanuye ubutumwa butanzwe mu ndimi, nta wundi musobanuzi wari wemerewe kongera gusobanura ubwo butumwa bumwe, nubwo yaba yumva ko yatanga ubusobanuro bwiza kurushaho.

Muri rusange, ibintu byose bigomba gukorwa “neza kandi kuri gahunda” mu materaniro y’itorero–ntihagomba kuba akajagari k’abantu bavugira rimwe birimwo kurushanwa n’urujijo. Kandi abizera bagomba kwibuka abatizera bashobora kuba baje guterana, nk’uko Pawulo yanditse ati:

Nuko rero iteraniro ryose iyo riteraniye hamwe, bose bakavuga indimi zitamenyekana hakinjiramo abatarajijuka cyangwa abatizera, ntibazavuga ko musaze? (1 Kor. 14:23).

Icyo ni cyo nyine cyari ikibazo cy’i Korinto–bose bavugira mu ndimi icyarimwe, kandi akenshi nta n’uhari wo gusobanura.

Amabwiriza Amwe Ku Mpano Zo Guhishurirwa

(Some Instruction Concerning Revelation Gifts)

Hari amabwiriza Pawulo yatanze ku byerekeranye n'”impano zo guhishurirwa” ku bijyanye n’uburyo zikorera mu bahanuzi:

N’abahanuzi na bo bavuge ari babiri cyangwa batatu, abandi babigenzure. Ariko undi wicaye, nashoka ahishurirwa, uwabanje ahore kuko mwese mubasha guhanura umwe umwe, kugira ngo bose babone uko bigishwa no guhugurwa. Imyuka y’abahanuzi igengwa nab o, kuko Imana itari iy’umuvurungano, ahubwo ari iy’amahoro; nk’uko bimeze mu matorero yose y’abera (1 Kor. 14:29-33).

Nk’uko hari hariho bamwe bo mu itorero ry’i Korinto urebye bakoreshwaga kenshi mu mpano yo gusobanura indimi bari bazwi nk “abasobanuzi,” hari hariho n’abakoreshwaga kenshi mu mpano z’ubuhanuzi no guhishurirwa bafatwaga nk’ “abahanuzi.” Aba ntabwo bari abahanuzi mu rwego rw’abahanuzi bo mu Isezerano rya Kera cyangwa umuntu nka Agabo wo mu Isezerano Rishya (reba Ibyak. 11:28; 21:10). Ahubwo umurimo wabo wagarukiraga ku matorero y’iwabo.

Nubwo hashoboraga kuba abahanuzi nk’abo barenga batatu mu iteraniro, na none Pawulo yashyizeho imipaka, avuga ku buryo busobanutse neza ko abahanuzi batagomba kurenga “babiri cyangwa batatu.” Ibi na none birerekana ko iyo Umwuka yatangaga impano z’Umwuka mu iteraniro, abantu barenga umwe bashoboraga kuzihabwa. Bitabaye ibyo, amabwiriza ya Pawulo yatuma gutanga impano k’Umwuka kutigera kwishimirwa n’itorero, kuko yagenaga umubare ntarengwa w’abahanuzi bashobora kuvuga.

Niba mu materaniro hariho abahanuzi barenga batatu, abandi nubwo batemerewe kuvuga, bashoboraga gufasha mu kugenzura ibivuzwe. Ibi na byo birerekana ubushobozi bwabo bwo kurobanura bakamenya icyo Umwuka avuga ndetse bikanumvikanisha ko ubwabo babaga bari mu Mwuka bashobora gukoreshwa mu mpano zimwe n’izabaga zirimo gukorera muri abo bahanuzi bandi. Naho ubundi bitabaye ibyo bagenzura ubuhanuzi n’amahishurirwa mu buryo rusange, bakareba gusa ko bihuye n’ihishurirwa Imana yamaze gutanga (nk’Ibyanditswe byera), kandi ibyo umwizera uwo ari we wese ukuze mu Mwuka yabikora.

Pawulo kandi yavuze ko abo bahanuzi bose bashobora guhanura bakurikirana (reba 1 Kor. 14:31) kandi ko “imyuka y’abahanuzi igengwa na bo” (1 Kor. 14:32), bikerekana ko buri muhanuzi ashobora kwifata akirinda guciramo undi, nubwo Umwuka yaba amuhaye ubuhanuzi cyangwa ihishurirwa ageza ku itorero. Ibi byerekana ko Umwuka ashobora guha impano abahanuzi benshi icyarimwe mu iteraniro, ariko buri muhanuzi akaba ashobora kandi agomba kwifata akamenya igihe gikwiye cyo kugira ngo ageze ubuhanuzi bwe cyangwa ihishurirwa ku itorero.

Ibi kandi ni cyo kimwe no ku mpano yindi yo kuvuga iyo ari yo yose yakorera mu mwizera. Igihe umuntu mu materaniro ahawe ubutumwa mu ndimi cyangwa ubuhanuzi buvuye ku Mwami Imana, ashobora kuba abugumanye kugeza igihe aza kubonera igihe gikwiriye. Byaba ari bibi guciramo undi urimo ahanura cyangwa yigisha kugira ngo utange ubuhanuzi bwawe.

Igihe Pawulo yavugaga ati, “mwese mubasha guhanura umwe umwe” (1 Kor. 14:31), wibuke ko yavugaga igihe haba hari abahanuzi bose bahawe ubuhanuzi. Ikibabaje ni uko hari ababifashe ukundi kutari uko Pawulo yavugaga, bakavuga ko buri mukristo wese ashobora guhanura muri buri teraniro ry’itorero. Impano y’ubuhanuzi itangwa uko Umwuka ashatse.

Muri iki gihe, kurusha ikindi gihe icyo ari cyo cyose kigeze kubaho, itorero rikeneye ubufasha bw’Umwuka Wera, kubaho kwe, imbaraga ze n’impano ze. Pawulo yakanguriye abizera b’i Korinto “kwifuza impano z’Umwuka, ariko cyane cyane guhanura” (1 Kor. 14:1). Ibyo byerekana ko aho tugeza twifuza bifite uko bigendana no gukora kw’impano z’Umwuka, naho ubundi Pawulo ntaba yaratanze amabwiriza nk’ayo. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa, wifuza gukoreshwa n’Imana kubw’icyubahiro cyayo, azifuza cyane koko impano z’Umwuka kandi azigisha n’abigishwa be kugenza batyo.

Abantu bakunze kwibwira yuko bitewe n’uko Yesu yari Umwana w’Imana, yashoboraga gukora igitangaza cyangwa agakiza umuntu igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ashakiye. Ariko iyo turebye ibyanditswe neza icyo bivuga, tubona ko nubwo Yesu yari afite ubumana muri we, bisa nk’aho yishyiriragaho imipaka atarenga igihe yari agikorera umurimo we hano ku isi. Yigeze kuvuga ati, “Umwana nta cyo abasha gukora ubwe atabonye Se agikora” (Yohana 5:19). Icyo kirerekana neza ko Yesu yari afite aho agarukira kandi ko yagenderega kuri Se.

Dukurikije amagambo ya Pawulo, igihe Yesu yahindukaga umuntu “yiyambuye” ibintu bimwe yari afite mbere nk’Imana:

Mugire wa mutima wari muri Kristo Yesu. Uwo nubwo yabanje kugira akamero k’Imana, ntiyatekereje yuko guhwana n’Imana ari ikintu cyo kugundirwa, ahubwo yisiga ubusa, ajyana akamero k’umugaragu w’imbata, agira ishusho y’umuntu (Fili. 2:5-7).

Yesu “yiyambuye iki”? Ntabwo ari ubumana bwe. Si ukwera kwe. Si urukundo rwe. Icyo yiyambuye kigomba kuba ari ububasha bwe bw’indengakamere. Biragaragara ko Atari agifite ububasha bwo kubera hose icyarimwe. Na none ntiyari akimenya byose, kandi ntiyari agishobora byose. Yesu yahindutse umuntu. Mu murimo we, yakoraga nk’umuntu wasutsweho amavuta y’Umwuka Wera. Ibyo bisobanuka neza cyane iyo turebye neza ubutumwa bwiza uko ari bune.

Urugero dushobora kubaza tuti, Niba Yesu yari Umwana w’Imana n’ubumana bwe bwose, kuki byabaye ngombwa ko abatizwa mu Mwuka Wera igihe yatangiraga umurimo we afite imyaka mirongo itatu? Kuki Imana yakagombye kubatizwa mu Mana?

Biragaragara ko Yesu yari akeneye kubatizwa mu Mwuka Wera kugira ngo yambare imbaraga zo gukora umurimo. Ni cyo gituma, nyuma gato amaze kubatizwa, dusoma aho abwiriza muri aya magambo: “Umwuka w’Uwiteka ari muri jye, ni cyo cyatumye ansīgira kugira ngo mbwirize ….kumenyesha…kubohora…” (Luka 4:18).

Ni na cyo gituma Petero yabwirije ati, “Muzi Yesu w’i Nazareti, uko Imana yamusutseho Umwuka Wera n’imbaraga, akagenda agirira abantu neza, agakiza abo Satani atwaza igitugu, kuko Imana yari iri kumwe na we” (Ibyak 10:38).

Kandi icyo ni cyo gituma Yesu nta gitangaza yigeze akora atarabatizwa mu Mwuka Wera afite imyaka mirongo itatu. Mbese yari Umwana w’Imana igihe yari afite makumyabiri n’itanu? Rwose. None se kuki nta gitangaza yakoze mbere y’uko yuzuza imyaka miringo itatu? Bitewe n’uko gusa Yesu yiyambuye ububasha bw’indengakamere yari afite mbere nk’Imana, yagombaga rero gutegereza igihe azambikirwa imbaraga n’Umwuka Wera.

Ikindi Cyerekana ko Yesu Yakoze umurimo nk’umuntu uhawe imbaraga n’Umwuka Wera

(More Proof that Jesus Ministered as a Man Anointed by the Spirit)

Iyo dusoma ubutumwa bwiza tubona ko hari igihe Yesu yagiraga ububasha ndengakamere bwo kumenya, ikindi gihe ntabugire. Mu by’ukuri kenshi Yesu yabazaga ibibazo kugira ngo amenye ibintu.

Urugero, yabwiye wa mugore w’umusamariyakazi ko yagize abagabo batanu, kandi ko hari n’undi bari kumwe ariko uteri umugabo we (reba Yohana 4:17-18). Yesu ibyo yabimenye ate? Mbese ni uko yari Imana kandi Imana ikaba izi byose? Oya, iyo biba ibyo, Yesu aba yaragiye agaragaza ubwo bubasha ku buryo buhoraho. Nubwo yari Imana kandi Imana ikaba imenya byose, Yesu yiyambuye kumenya byose igihe yahindukaga umuntu. Yesu yamenye amakuru yose y’urushako rw’uwo mugore w’umusamariyakazi kuko muri ako kanya Umwuka Wera yari amuhaye impano y’ “ijambo ryo kumenya” (1 Kor. 12:8), kandi ubwo ni ububasha ndengakamere bwo kumenya ibiriho cyangwa ibyabayeho kera. (Turaza Kwwiga neza mu buryo bunonosoye kurushaho iby’impano z”Umwuka mu gice gikurikiraho).

Mbese yamenyaga byose iteka? Oya, igihe wa mugore wari umaze imyaka cumi n’ibiri arwaye kuva yakoraga ku ncunda z’imyenda ye akumva imbaraga zimuvamo, yarabajije ati, “Ni nde ukoze umwenda wanjye?” (Mariko 5:30b). Igihe Yesu yabonaga igiti cy’umutini ahagaze kure muri Mariko 11:13, “Yarawegereye ngo ahari yawubonaho imbuto.”

Kuki Yesu atamenye uwamukozeho? Kuki atamenye niba wa mutini ufite imbuto cyangwa utazifite? Kuko Yesu yakoraga nk’umuntu ufite amavutay’Umwuka Wera n’impano z’Umwuka Wera. Impano z’Umwuka zikora uko Umwuka abishatse (reba 1 Kor. 12:11; Heb. 2:4). Yesu ntiyamenyaga ibintu mu buryo bw’igitangaza keretse igihe Umwuka Wera yabaga ashatse kumuha impano y’ “ijambo ryo kumenya.”

Na ni ko byagendaga mu murimo wa Yesu wo gukiza indwara. Bibiliya igaragaza neza ko Yesu atakizaga buri wese igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Urugero, dusoma mu butumwa bwiza bwa Mariko ko igihe Yesu yajyaga mu mudugudu w’iwabo wa Nazareti, atashoboye gukora ibyo yashakaga gukora byose.

Avayo [Yesu] ajya iwabo, abigishwa be baramukurikira. Isabato isohoye aherako yigishiriza mu isinagogi, benshi babyumvise baratangara bati, “Ibi byose uyu yabikuye he? Kandi ubu bwenge yahawe n’ibitangaza bingana bitya akora abikura he? Mbese si we wa mubaji mwene Mariya, mwene se wa Yakobo na Yosefu, na Yuda na Simoni? Bashiki be ntiduturanye?” Ibye birabayobera. Yesu arababwira ati, “Umuhanuzi ntabura icyubahiro keretse mu gihugu cy’iwabo, no mu muryango wabo no mu nzu yabo.” Nuko ntiyashobora kugira igitangaza ahakorera na kimwe keretse abarwayi bake yarambitseho ibiganza arabakiza, atangazwa n’uko batizeye (Mariko 6:1-6).

Urabona ko Mariko atavuze ngo Yesu ntiyashaka gukora igitangaza na kimwe, ahubwo yaravuze ngo ntiyashobora. Kubera iki? Kuko abantu b’i Nazareti batizeye. Ntibakiriye Yesu nk’Umwana w’Imana wasīzwe amavuta ahubwo bamufashe nk’umwana w’umubaji w’ahongaho mu giturage cy’iwabo. Nk’uko Yesu ubwe yivugiye ati, “Umuhanuzi ntabura icyubahiro kerertse mu gihugu cy’iwabo, no mu muryango wabo no mu nzu yabo” (Mariko 6:4). Icyavuyemo, ni uko icyo yashoboye gukora gusa ari abarwayi bake yakijije “uturwara tworoheje” (nk’uko hari Bibiliya isobanuye gutyo). Rwose niba hari ahantu Yesu yari kwishimira gukora ibitangaza agakiza n’abarwayi mu buryo bukomeye cyane ni umudugudu yakuriyemo akawubamo igice kinini cy’ubuzima bwe. Ariko Bibiliya ivuga ko atabishoboye.

Ibindi Luka aduhishurira

(More Insight from Luke)

Yesu yakizaga cyane cyane mu buryo bubiri butandukanye: (1) mu kwigisha Ijambo ry’Imana agatera abarwayi imbaraga bakagira ukwizera ko gushobora gukira indwara, no (2) gukoresha “impano zo gukiza indwara” uko Umwuka Wera yabaga ashatse. Bityo rero Yesu yazitirwaga n’ibintu bibiri mu murimo we wo gukiza indwara: (1) kutizera kw’abantu barwaye, n’ (2) ubushake bw’Umwuka Wera kugira ngo ashobore gukorera mu”mpano zo gukiza indwara.”

Biragaragara ko abenshi mu mudugudu w’iwabo wa Yesu batari bafite kumwizera. Nubwo bari barumvise ibitangaza byo gukiza abarwayi akorera mu yindi midugudu, ntibizeraga ko afite ubushobozi bwo gukiza, bityo ntiyabakiza. Kandi, birasa n’aho Umwuka Wera atamuhaye gukoresha “impano zo gukiza indwara” muri Nazareti–ku bw’impamvu zitazwi.

Luka avuga avuye imuzi kurusha Mariko ibyabaye igihe Yesu yajyaga i Nazareti:

Ajya [Yesu] i Nazareti iyo yarerewe, ku munsi w’isabato yinjira mu isinagogi nk’uko yamenyereye, arahagarara ngo asome. Bamuha igitabo cy’umuhanuzi Yesaya, arakibumbura abona igice cyanditsemo ngo, “Umwuka w’Uwiteka ari muri jye, ni cyo cyatumye ansīgira kugira ngo mbwirize abakene ubutumwa bwiza. Yantumye kumenyesha imbohe ko zibohoka, n’impumyi ko zihumuka, no kubohora ibisenzegeri, no kumenyesha abantu iby’umwaka Umwami agiriyemo imbabazi.” Amaze kubumba igitabo …atangira kubabwira ati, “Uyu munsi ibyo byanditswe bisohoye mu matwi yanyu.” Bose baramushima, batangazwa n’amagambo meza avuye mu kanwa ke bati, “Mbese aho uyu si we mwene Yosefu?” (Luka 4:16-22).

Yesu yari agambiriye ko abamuteze amatwi bamenya ko ari We wasīzwe amavuta wasezeranywe mu buhanuzi bwa Yesaya, yizera ko bari bumwizere hanyuma bakagerwaho n’ibyiza biturutse kuri uko gusīgwa kwe, kandi ukurikije uko Yesaya yari yarahanuye, ibyo byiza byari birimo kubohorwa kw’imbohe no kubatūrwa kw”abatwazwa igitugu, no guhumuka kw’impumyi.[1] Ariko ntibizeye, kandi nubwo batangajwe n’amagambo ava mu kanwa ke, ntibizeraga ko mwene Yosefu hari ikindi kintu kidasanzwe ari cyo. Abonye kutizera kwabo aravuga ati,

Ntimuzabura kunciraho uyu mugani muti, “Muvūzi wivūre! Ibyo twumvise byose ko wakoze i Kaperinawumu, bikore n’ino mu mudugudu wanyu”….Ndababwira ukuri yuko ari nta muhanuzi wemerwa iwabo (Luka 4:23-24).

Abantu bo mu mudugudu w’iwabo wa Yesu bari bategereje kureba niba ari bukore nk’ibyo yakoreye i Kaperinawumu. Imyitwarire yabo ntiyari iy’abantu bategereje kwakira ibitangaza ahubwo yari iyo kuvuga ko bidashoboka. Mu kutizera kwabo bamubujije kugira igitangaza yakora cyangwa uburwayi bukomeye yakiza.

Indi Nzitizi Yesu yahuye na yo i Nazareti

(Jesus’ Other Limitation in Nazareth)

Amagambo Yesu yakurikijeho abwira abari bateraniye aho i Nazareti yerekana ko na none yari azitiwe n’ubushake bw’Umwuka Wera kugira ngo abe yakwigaragaza mu “mpano zo gukiza indwara”:

Ariko ndababwira ukuri yuko hāriho abapfakazi benshi mu Bisirayeli mu gihe cya Eliya, ubwo ijuru ryakingwaga imyaka itatu n’amezi atandatu, inzara nyinshi igatera mu gihugu cyose. Nyamara Eliya ntiyatumwa kuri umwe muri bo, ahubwo atumwa ku mugore w’umupfakazi w’i Sarefati mu gihugu cy’i Sidoni. Kandi hāriho ababembe benshi mu Bisirayeli mu gihe cy’umuhanuzi Elisa, nyamara ntihakizwa n’umwe muri bo keretse Nāmani w’Umusiriya (Luka 4:25-27).

Icyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ni uko Eliya atashoboye gutuburira amavuta n’ifu umupfakazi n’umwe ashatse mu gihe Isirayeli yaterwaga n’inzara y’imyaka itatu (reba 1 Abami 17:9-16). Nubwo muri Isirayeli hari hari abapfakazi benshi bababaye muri icyo gihe, Umwuka Wera yasīgiye Eliya amavuta kujya gufasha umugore umwe w’umupfakazi, ndetse utari n’umwisirayelikazi. Na Elisa ni uko, ntiyashoboye gukiza umubembe wese ashatse. Ibyo byerekanwa n’uko hari hari ababembe benshi muri Isirayeli igihe Nāmani yakiraga ibibembe, kandi uwo yasengaga ibigirwamana. (reba 2 Abami 5:1-14).

Eliya na Elisa bombi bari abahanuzi–abagabo basutsweho amavuta n’Umwuka Wera kandi bakoreshwaga mu mpano z’uburyo butandukanye uko Umwuka yabaga ashaka. Kuki Imana itagize abandi bapfakazi itumaho Eliya? Simbizi. Kuki Imana itakoresheje Elisa ngo agire abandi babembe akiza? Simbizi. Ntawe ubizi, uretse Imana.

Izo nkuru uko ari ebyiri zo mu Isezerano Rya Kera zizwi cyane, ntizishatse kuvuga nyamara ko butari ubushake bw’Imana ko buri mupfakazi wese afashwa cyangwa ko buri mubembe akira. Abisirayeli bakabaye barahagaritse inzara bagize mu gihe cya Eliya iyo bo n’umwami wabo mubi (Ahabu) bihana ibyaha byabo. Iyo nzara yari ije mu buryo bw’igihano Imana ibahaye. Kandi ababembe bose muri Isirayeli baba barakize iyo bumvira bakizera amasezerano bahawe n’Imana yabo, ari yo, nk’uko twamaze kubibona, yari akubiyemo gukira indwara mu buryo bw’umubiri.

Yesu yagaragarije abari bamuteze amatwi i Nazareti ko yari afite ibimuzitira nk’uko Eliya na Elisa bari babifite. Ku bw’impamvu runaka, Umwuka Wera ntiyahaye Yesu gukoresha “impano zo gukiza indwara” i Nazareti. Ibyo bifatanije hamwe no kutizera kw’abantu b’i Nazareti, byatumye nta bitangaza bikomeye Yesu akorera mu mudugudu w’iwabo.

Turebe “Impano Yo Gukiza Indwara” imwe Yakoreraga Muri Yesu

( A Look at One “Gift of Healing” Through Jesus)

Iyo dusesenguye ibyo ubutumwa bwiza buvuga mu gukiza indwara gutandukanye Yesu yakoze, tubona ko abenshi mu bakize indwara, batakize kubera gukora kw’ “impano zo gukiza,” ahubwo bakize ku bwo kwizera kwabo. Reka turebe aho ubwo buryo bwombi bwo gukira indwara butandukaniye turebye ku ngero zabwo bwombi. Urabanza kureba inkuru ya wa mugabo w’ikirema wo kuri cya kidendezi cy’i Betesida, utarakijijwe no kwizera kwe, ahubwo wakize biciye mu “mpano yo gukiza indwara” yakoreye muri Yesu.

Kandi I Yerusalemu bugufi bw’irembo ry’intama hariho ikidendezi, mu Ruheburayo kitwa Betesida, cyariho amabaraza atanu. Muri ayo mabaraza hariho abarwayi benshi, barimo impumyi n’ibirema n’abanyunyutse, (bari bategereje ko amazi yihinduriza, kuko rimwe na rimwe marayika yamanukaga akajya muri icyo kidendezi, agahinduriza amazi. Nuko umuntu wabanzaga kujyamo amazi yihindurije, ni we wakiraga indwara ye iyo ari yo yose.) Hariho umuntu wari ufite indwara, ayimaranye imyaka mirongo itatu n’umunani. Yesu amubonye aryamye amenya yuko amaze igihe kirekire arwaye, aramubaza ati, “Mbese urashaka gukira?” Umurwayi aramusubiza ati, “Databuja, simfite umuntu unjugunya mu kidendezi iyo amazi yihindurije, nkīza undi antanga kumanukamo.” Yesu aramubwira ati, “Byuka wikorere uburiri bwawe ugende.” Muri ako kanya uwo muntu arakira, yikorera uburiri bwe aragenda (Yohana 5:2-9).

Tumenya dute ko uyu mugabo atakize ku bwo kwizera kwe, ahubwo yakize binyuze mu “mpano yo gukiza indwara”? Hari byinshi bibyerekana.

Icya mbere, urabona ko uyu muntu Atari yaje gushaka Yesu. Ahubwo Yesu yamusanze yicaye ku kidendezi. Iyo uwo mugabo aza kuba yarashakaga Yesu, kiba cyarabaye ikimenyetso cyo kwizera kwe.

Icya kabiri, Yesu ntabwo yamubwiye ko kwizera kwe kumukijije, nk’uko kenshi yakundaga kuvuga iyo yakizaga abandi bantu.

Icya gatatu, nyuma igihe Abayuda babazaga uwo mugabo uwamubwiye ngo “byuka ugende,” yabasubije ko atazi n’uwo muntu uwo ari we. Si ukwizera Yesu kwe rero kwamuhesheje gukira. Aha ni ahantu hagaragara neza aho umuntu yakize indwara biciye mu “mpano yo gukiza indwara,” nk’uko Umwuka ashatse.

Urabona na none ko nubwo hari abarwayi benshi cyane bategereje kwihinduriza kw’amazi, Yesu yakijije umuntu umwe gusa hanyuma abandi benshi barwaye abasiga aho. Kubera iki? Na none simbizi. Nyamara ibi ntibivuga ko ubushake bw’Imana ari uko bamwe bakomeza kurwara. Buri wese muri abo bari barwaye bose yashoboraga yizeye Yesu. Mu by’ukuri birashoboka ko ari yo mpamvu yatumye uyu muntu umwe akizwa indwara mu buryo bw’igitangaza–kugira ngo amaso y’abo barwayi bandi bayahindukirize kuri Yesu, we washoboraga kandi washakaga kubakiza baramutse bizeye gusa.

Incuro nyinshi, “impano zo gukiza indwara” zibarirwa mu “bimenyetso n’ibitangaza,” ni ukuvuga ibitangaza bigamije gukururira abantu kuri Yesu. Ni cyo gituma abavugabutumwa bo mu Isezerano Rishya nka Filipo bari bafite “impano zo gukiza z’uburyo bunyuranye,”kuko ibitangaza bakoraga byatumaga abantu bahindukirira ubutumwa bwiza babwirizaga (reba Ibyak. 8:5-8).

Abakristo barwaye ntibari bakwiye kwicara ngo bategereze ko umuntu ufite “impano zo gukiza indwara” azaza akabakiza kuko uwo muntu n’impano ashobora kutazigera aza na rimwe. Gukira kuri mu kwizera Yesu, kandi, nubwo atari buri wese uzakira biciye mu mpano zo gukiza indwara, buri wese ashobora gukira ku bwo kwizera kwe. Impano zo gukiza indwara zashyizwe mu Itorero cyane cyane kugira ngo abatizera bashobore gukira indwara hanyuma bahindukirire ubutumwa bwiza. Ibi ntibivuze ko Abakristo batazigera bakira biciye mu mpano zo gukiza indwara. Ariko Imana ishaka ko abana bayo bakira gukira mu kwizera.

Urugero rw’uwakize Ku bwo Kwizera Kwe

(One Example of a Person Healed By His Faith)

Barutimayo ni impumyi yahumutse bitewe no kwizera Yesu kwe. Reka dusome inkuru ye mu butumwa bwiza bwa Mariko.

Nuko bagera i Yeriko. Akivana [Yesu] i Yeriko n’abigishwa be n’abantu benshi, asanga umwana wa Timayo witwaga Barutimayo, umusēzi w’impumyi yicaye iruhande rw’inzira. Yumvise ko Yesu w’i Nazareti ari we uje, aherako arataka cyane ati, “Yesu mwene Dawidi, mbabarira!” Abantu benshi baramucyaha ngo ahore, ariko arushaho gutaka ati, “Mwene Dawidi, mbabarira!” Yesu arahagarara arababwira ati, “Nimumuhamagare.” Bahamagara impumyi barayibwira bati, “Humura, haguruka araguhamagara.” Na yo ita umwenda wayo, irabaduka yegera Yesu. Yesu arayibaza ati, “Urashaka ko nkugirira nte?” Iyo mpumyi iramusubiza iti, “Mwigisha, ndashaka guhumuka!” Yesu arayibwira ati, “Igendere, kwizera kwawe kuragukijije.” Uwo mwanya arahumuka amukurikira mu nzira (Mariko 10:46-52).

Icya mbere, urabona ko Yesu atari we washatse Barutimayo. (Aha ni ho bitandukaniye n’ibya wa mugabo wok u kidendezi cya Betesida). Mu by’ukuri Yesu yari amuciyeho yitambukira, kandi iyo Barutimayo ataza gutaka, Yesu aba yarakomeje akigendera. Ibyo bivuga ko Barutimayo atari kuba yarakize.

Ngaho bitekerezeho. Iyo Barutimayo yicara aho akibwira ati, “Ibyo ari byo byose niba ari ubushake bwa Yesu ko nkira, araza ankize.” Byari kugenda bite? Barutimayo ntaba yarigeze akira, nubwo iyi nkuru igaragaza neza ko ubushake bwa Yesu bwari uko akira. Icya mbere kigaragaza kwizera kwa Barutimayo ni uko yatatse agatabaza Yesu.

Icya kabiri, urabona ko Barutimayo ataciwe intege n’abageragezaga kumucecekesha. Igihe abantu bagerageje kumucecekesha, ahubwo “yarushijeho” gutaka (Mariko 10:48). Ibyo byerekana kwizera kwe.

Icya gatatu, urabona ko Yesu atagize icyo abivugaho Barutimayo agitangira gutaka. Yego birashoboka ko Yesu atari yamwumvise, ariko niba yari yamwumvise, ntacyo yashubije. Mu yandi magambo, Yesu yararetse ngo kwizera k’uwo mugabo kubanze kugeragezwe.

Iyo Barutimayo acika intege akabivamo akimara gutaka incuro ya mbere gusa, ntaba yarakize. Natwe, rimwe na rimwe tugomba gushikama mu kwizera kuko akenshi bisa nk’aho amasengesho yacu Imana itayumvise. Icyo ni cyo gihe kwizera kwacu kugeragezwa, rero tugomba gukomeza tugashikama, tukananira ibintu byose birwanya kwizera kwacu.

Ibindi Bigaragaza Kwizera Kwa Barutimayo

(Further Indications of Bartimaeus’ Faith)

Noneho igihe amaherezo Yesu yamuhamagaye ngo aze, Bibiliya ivuga ko Barutimayo “yataye umwambaro we.” Uko mbyumva muri jye ni uko mu gihe cya Yesu abantu b’impumyi bambaraga umwambaro runaka ubaranga, abantu bashobora kubamenyeraho ko ari impumyi. Niba ari byo, Barutimayo ashobora kuba yarataye uwo mwambaro we igihe Yesu yari amuhamagaye kuko yari yizeye ko atazongera gukenera ikimuranga nk’impumyi. Niba ari ko byari bimeze, na none kwizera kwe kurahagaragarira.

Ikindi kandi, igihe Barutimayo yataga umwenda we, Bibiliya ivuga ko “yabadutse,” icyo cyerekana ko yamaze kwishima ko ikintu cyiza kigiye kumubaho. Abantu bafite kwizera ko gukira indwara baba bafite akanyamuneza iyo basenga basaba Imana kubakiza kuko baba biteguriye kwakira gukira kwabo.

Urabona ko Yesu yongeye kugerageza kwizera kwa Barutimayo igihe yari amuhagaze imbere. Yabajije Barutimayo icyo ashaka, kandi iyo wumvise igisubizo cya Barutimayo, biragaragara neza ko yari yizeye ko Yesu ashoboye kandi ashaka kumukiza ubuhumyi bwe.

Icya nyuma, Yesu yamubwiye ko ari ukwizera kwe kumukijije. Niba Barutimayo yarakijijwe no kwizera, n’undi uwo ari we wese kwamukiza, kuko Imana “itarobanura mu butoni.”

Ku washaka Gukomeza Kwiga

(For Further Study)

Hano hasi nahashyize urutonde rw’ahantu makumyabiri na rimwe hihariye aho Yesu yakijije indwara nk’uko biri mu bitabo by’ubutumwa bwiza uko ari bine. Yego birumvikana ko Yesu yakijije abantu barenga makumyabiri n’umwe, ariko aho hose ni aho tugiye dufite ibintu tuzi ku muntu wari urwaye n’uburyo yakize.

Urwo rutonde naruciyemo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi–abakijijwe no kwizera n’abakize biciye mu mpano zo gukiza indwara. Icyo nabonye ni uko mu bakijijwe no kwizera hari abo Yesu yabwiraga ngo baceceke ntibagire uwo babibwira. Icyo na none cyerekana ko izo zitari “impano zo gukiza indwara” zabakijije kuko abarwayi badakize kugira ngo bamamaze Yesu cyangwa ubutumwa bwiza.

Ahavugwa ko Gukira Bitewe No Kwizera:

(Cases Where Faith or Believing is Mentioned as the Cause of Healing:)

1. Umugaragu w’umutware w’abasirikare (cyangwa “umuboyi”): Mat. 8:5-13; Luka 7:2-10 “Nuko genda bikubere nk’uko wizeye.”

2. Ikirema bamanuriye mu gisenge cy’inzu: Mat 9:2-8; Mariko 2:3-11; Luka 5:18-26 “Abonye kwizera kwabo….Aravuga ati…’byuka wikorere ingobyi yawe utahe.'”

3. Umukobwa wa Yayiro: Mat 9:18-26; Mariko 5:22-43; Luka 8:41-56 “‘Witinya–izere gusa’….Yesu arabihanangiriza cyane ngo hatagira umuntu wese ubimenya.”

4. Umugore wari ufite ikibazo cyo kuva: Mat. 9:20-22; Mar 5:25-34; Luka 8:43-48 “Kwizera kwawe kuragukijije.”

5. Za mpumyi ebyiri: Mat. 9:27-31 “Bibabere nk’uko mwizeye….Mwirinde ntihagire umuntu ubimenya!”

6. Impumyi Barutimayo: Mar 10:46-52; Luka 18:35-43 “Kwizera kwawe kuragukijije.”

7. Ba babembe icumi: Luka 17:12-19 “Kwizera kwawe kuragukijije.”

8. Umuhungu w’umutware: Yoh 4:46-53 “Uwo muntu yizera iryo jambo Yesu

amubwiye aragenda.”

Ahantu hane hakurikira, kwizera k’umurwayi ntikuvugwa by’umwihariko, ariko kugaragarira mu magambo ye cyangwa ibikorwa bye. Urugero impumyi ebyiri (zivugwa muri numero 10 hasi) zatakiye Yesu atambuka aciye iruhande rwazo nk’uko byagenze kuri Barutimayo. Buri wese muri abo bantu bari barwaye muri izo ngero enye zikurikira yashakaga Yesu, icyo ni ikimenyetso kigaragara cyo kwizera. Ahantu hatatu muri hane hakurikira, Yesu yabwiye abo yari amaze gukiza ngo ntibagire uwo babwira ibyababayeho, ibyo na none bikerekana ko batari bakize biciye mu “mpano zo gukiza indwara.”

9. Wa mubembe utari uzi ubushake bw’Imana: Mat. 8:2-4; Mar 1:40-45; Luka 5:12-14 “Uramenye ntugire uwo ubibwira.”

10. Za mpumyi ebyiri(Wenda umwe yari Barutimayo): Mat. 20:30-34 “Zirataka cyane ziti, ‘Mwami mwene Dawidi, tubabarire!'”

11. Igipfamatwi kandi kidedemanga: Mar 7:32-36 “Arabihanangiriza ngo batagira uwo babibwira.”

12. Impumyi: Mar 8:22-26 “Nturushye winjira mu kirorero.”

Aha habiri ha nyuma havuga abantu bakijijwe no kwizera ntabwo mu byukuri bakize indwara–barabohowe birukanywemo abadayimoni. Ariko Yesu yavuze ko kwizera kwabo ari ko gutumye babohorwa.

13. Wa muhungu wari urwaye igicuri : Mat. 17:14-18; Mar 9:17-27; Luka 9:38-42 “Yesu aramubwira ati…’Byose bishobokera uwizeye.’ Uwo mwanya se w’umwana avuga cyane ati…’Ndizeye, nkiza kutizera.'”

14. Wa mukobwa w’umunyakan nikazi : Mat. 15:22-28; Mar. 7:25-30 “Mugore, kwizera kwawe ni kwinshi; bikubere uko ushaka.”

Aho abantu bakize indwara biciye mu “Mpano zo Gukiza Indwara”:

(Cases of People Healed Through “Gifts of Healings”:)

Aha hantu harindwi ha nyuma ni ahantu hasa nk’aho bakize indwara biciye mu gukora kw’impano zo gukiza indwara. Ariko muri hatatu habanza, hari itegeko rya Yesu ryabanzanga kubahirizwa mbere y’uko urwaye akira. Nta na hamwe kandi muri aho Yesu yigeze abwira uwakize ngo ntagire uwo abwira ibyo gukira kwe. Kandi nta na hamwe muri aho hose urwaye yashatse Yesu.

15. Wa muntu wari unyunyutse ukuboko : Mat. 12:9-13; Mar 3:1-5; Luka 6:6-10

“Haguruka uhagarare hagati mu bantu….Rambura ukuboko kwawe.”

16. Wa mugabo wo ku kidendezi cy’i Betesida: Yoh 5:2-9 “Byuka wikorere uburiri

bwawe ugende.”

17. Uwavutse ari impumyi : Yoh 9:1-38 “Genda wiyuhagire mu kidendezi cy’i

Silowamu.”

18. Nyirabukwe wa Petero : Mat. 8:14-15; Mariko 1:30-31; Luka 4:38-39

19. Umugore wari umaze imyaka 18 ahetamye : Luka 13:11-16

20. Umuntu wari urwaye urushwima : Luka 14:2-4

21. Umugaragu w’umutambyi mukuru : Luka 22:50-51

Urabona ko muri izo ngero zose ziri haruguru uko ari makumyabiri n’imwe, nta na hamwe tubona umuntu mukuru akizwa gusa no kwizera k’undi muntu mukuru. Muri buri rugero aho tubona umuntu akizwa no kwizera k’undi muntu, iteka usanga ari umwana ukijijwe no kwizera k’umubyeyi we (reba ingero 1, 3, 8, 13, na 14).

Aho bitameze bityo haba gusa mu rugero rwa 1 n’urwa 2, ah’umugaragu w’umutware w’abasirikare n’aha cya kirema bacishishije mu gisenge cy’inzu. Ibyerekeye iby’umugaragu w’umutware w’abasirikare, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryasobanuwe umugaragu ni ijambo pais, rishobora no gusobanurwa umuhungu nk’uko riri muri Matayo 17:18: “Umuhungu aherako arakira”.

Niba koko ari umugaragu w’umutware w’abasirikare akaba atari umuhungu we, uwo mugaragu we agomba kuba yari akiri umuhungu muto. Nuko rero Umutware w’abasirikare yari ashinzwe uwo muhungu nk’umurinzi we wemewe n’amategeko akaba rero ashobora kumwizerera nk’uko undi mubyeyi wese yakwizerera umwana we.

Ku bya cya kirema bamanuriye mu gisenge cy’inzu, urabona ko uwo muntu na we agomba kuba yari afite kwizera, naho ubundi ntaba yaremeye ko abo bagenzi be bari bamuhetse bamumanurira mu gisenge. Ubwo rero si ukwizera kwa bagenzi be gusa kwamukijije.

Ibi byose birerekana ko bisa nk’aho bidashoboka ko kwizera k’umuntu mukuru kutakiza undi muntu mukuru urwaye igihe uwo muntu mukuru urwaye ubwe adafite kwizera. Ni byo umuntu mukuru ashobora gusengera undi muntu mukuru bemeranyije akamusabira gukira indwara, ariko kutizera k’uwo urwaye gushobora guhindura ubusa kwizera k’uwo umusengera.

Nyamara abana bacu bashobora gukizwa no kwizera kwacu, kugeza ku myaka runaka. Ariko kandi bageza ku myaka runaka Imana ikaba ishaka ko biyakirira ibibaturutseho biturutse ku kwizera kwabo ubwabo.

Ndagukangurira kwiga buri rugero ruri mu rutonde ruri haruguru kugira ngo ukomeze kwizera kwawe ku bwo gukira indwara twateganirijwe n’Umwami wacu.

Amavuta yo Gukiza Indwara

(The Healing Anointing)

Icya nyuma, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Yesu yari yarasizwe amavuta y’imbaraga zo gukiza indwara igihe yakoraga umurimo we hano mu isi. Ni ukuvuga ko mu byukuri yashoboraga kumva ayo mavuta amuvaho, kandi hari igihe umuntu urwaye yashoboraga kumva ayo mavuta amwinjiramo. Urugero, muri Luka 6:19 haravuga ngo, “Abantu bose bashaka kumukoraho, kuko imbaraga yamuvagamo ikabakiza bose.”

Urebye, ayo mavuta akiza indwara yari yuzuye n’imyenda ye ku buryo iyo umuntu urwaye yakoraga ku myenda ye mu kwizera, ayo mavuta akiza yinjiraga mu mubiri we. Dusoma muri Mariko 6:56 ngo:

N’aho yajyaga hose, ari mu birorero cyangwa mu midugudu cyangwa mu ngo bashyiraga abarwayi mu maguriro, bakamwinginga ngo nibura abemerere gukora ku nshunda z’umwenda we gusa, abazikozeho bose bagakira..

Wa mugore wari ufite ikibazo cyo kuva (reba Mariko 5:25-34) yakijijwe gusa no gukora ku nshunda z’umwenda wa Yesu yizeye gukira.

Ntabwo ari Yesu gusa wari ufite amavuta yo gukiza indwara kuri we ahubwo n’intumwa Pawulo mu myaka ye ya nyuma y’umurimo we yari ayafite:

Kandi Imana yakoreshaga amaboko ya Pawulo ibitangaza bikomeye. Ndetse bashyīraga abarwayi ibitambaro n’imyenda bivuye ku mubiri we bagakira indwara zabo, abadayimoni bakabavamo (Ibyak. 19:11-12).

Ayo mavuta y’imbaraga zikiza indwara yuzuraga imyenda yose ikojejwe ku mubiri wa Pawulo, ibyo bikerekana neza ko umwenda ari ikintu gishobora kuba umuyoboro mwiza w’imbaraga zikiza indwara!

Imana ntiyahindutse kuva igihe cya Yesu cyangwa Pawulo, ntibigomba kudutangaza Imana igize umukozi wayo isukaho ayo mavuta yo gukiza indwara muri iki gihe, nk’uko yabigiriye Yesu na Pawulo. Ariko izo mpano ntizipfa guhabwa umuntu ugitangira kwizera, keretse gusa abamaze igihe bapimwa bakagaragara ko ari abo kwizerwa kandi ko badafite umutima wo kwishyira imbere.

[1] Ibi byose bishobora kuvuga gukiza mu buryo bw’umubiri. Uburwayi nabwo nta gushidikanya bufatwa nko gutwazwa igitugu, nk’uko Bibiliya ivuga iti “Imana yamusutseho[Yesu] Umwuka Wera n’imbaraga, akagenda agirira abantu neza, agakiza abo Satani atwaza igitugu…” (Ibyak 10:38).

N’ubwo ibi byo gukiza indwara kw’Imana ari ibintu bias nk’aho bigibwaho impaka, si byo na gato byaba bidasobanutse neza muri Bibiliya. Mu by’ukuri kimwe cya cumi cy’ibyanditswe byose mu butumwa bwiza uko bwanditswe n’abanditsi bose uko ari bane bivuga ku murimo wa Yesu wo gukiza indwara. Hari amasezerano yo gukiza indwara kw’Imana mu Isezerano Rya Kera, mu Butumwa Bwiza no mu nzandiko zo mu Isezerano Rishya. Abarwaye bashobora kubona imfashanyo ikomeye mu butunzi bw’Ibyanditswe byubaka kwizera.

Icyo namaze kubona muri rusange ni uko hirya no hino mu isi aho itorero ririmo abakristo biyemeje koko (abigishwa nyakuri), usanga indwara zikira cyane mu buryo bw’ibitangaza by’Imana. Aho itorero ari akazuyazi ririmo ibibazo byinshi, gukira kw’indwara mu bitangaza biboneka gake cyane. [1] Ibi byose ntibikwiye kudutangaza, kuko Yesu yavuze ko kimwe mu bimenyetso bizakurikira abizera ari uko bazarambika ibiganza ku barwayi bagakira (reba Mariko 16:18). Iyo amatorero aza kuba apimirwa ku bimenyetso Yesu yavuze bizakurikira abizera, twasanga amatorero menshi atagira abizera:

Arababwira [Yesu] ati, “Mujye mu bihugu byose, mwigishe abaremwe bose ubutumwa bwiza. Uwizera akabatizwa azakizwa, ariko utizera azacirwaho iteka. Kandi ibimenyetso bizagumana n’abizera ngibi: bazirukana abadayimoni mu izina ryanjye, bazavuga indimi nshya, bazafata inzoka, kandi nibanywa ikintu cyica ntacyo kizabatwara na hato, bazarambika ibiganza ku barwayi bakire” (Mariko 16:15-18).

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa, mu gukurikiza imikorere ya Kristo itunganye mu murimo we, nta kabuza azakoresha impano ze kugira ngo ateze imbere gukiza indwara kw’Imana aho akorera umurimo we. Asobanukiwe ko gukiza indwara kw’Imana guteza ubwami bw’Imana imbere mu buryo bubiri nibura. Ubwa mbere, ibitangaza byo gukiza indwara ni uburyo bukomeye bwo kwamamaza ubutumwa bwiza, kuko n’umwana uwo ari we wese usomye ibitabo by’ubutumwa bwiza cyangwa igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa asobanukirwa neza (nyamara ibyo abakozi b’Imana benshi banafite ubumenyi bwinshi bisa nk’aho bibananira kubyumva). Ubwa kabiri, abigishwa bafite ubuzima bwiza ntibabuzwa gukora umurimo w’Imana n’uburwayi runaka bwabazaho.

Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa agomba no kuba hafi y’abagize umubiri wa Kristo bakeneye gukira ariko bikaba bibarushya kubyakira. Akenshi baba bakeneye guhuguranwa ubugwaneza, umuntu akabakomeza atabahutaza, cyane cyane iyo bazinutswe ikitwa inyigisho cyose yerekeye gukiza indwara. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa aba afite guhitamo: ashobora kwirinda kwigisha na rimwe ibyo bintu byo gukiza indwara kw’Imana, bityo nta n’umwe uzasitara ariko nta n’umwe uzakira indwara, cyangwa se agahitamo kubyigishaho cyane maze icyo gihe azaba ashobora kugira abo asitaza mu gihe abandi barimo bakira indwara. Jye ku rwanjye ruhande nahisemo ibyo bya kabiri, nizera ko ari ko gukurikiza urugero rwa Yesu.

Gukira indwara ku Musaraba

(Healing on the Cross)

Ahantu heza umuntu yatangiriraho kwiga ibyo gukiza indwara kw’Imana ni igice cya mirongo itanu na gatatu cy’igitabo cya Yesaya, igitabo cyemerwa na bose ko ari ubuhanuzi buvuga kuri Mesiya. Yesaya abihawe n’Umwuka Wera, yashushanyije neza mu buhanuzi avuga urupfu Yesu azapfa yitangaho igitambo n’igikorwa azakorera ku musaraba:

Ni ukuri intimba zacu ni zo yishyizeho, imibabaro yacu ni yo yikoreye, ariko twebwe twamutekereje nk’uwakubiswe n’Imana agacumitwa na yo, agahetamishwa n’imibabaro. Nyamara ibicumuro byacu ni byo yacumitiwe, yashenjaguriwe gukiranirwa kwacu, igihano kiduhesha amahoro cyari kuri we, kandi imibyimba ye ni yo adukirisha. Twese twayobye nk’intama zizimiye, twese twabaye intatane, Uwiteka amushyiraho gukiranirwa kwacu twese. (Yes. 53:4-6).

Yesaya ahumekewe n’Umwuka Wera, yavuze ko Yesu yikoreye intimba zacu n’imibabaro yacu. Insobanuro nziza kurushaho y’Igiheburayo cy’umwimerere ivuga ko Yesu yikoreye indwara zacu n’uburibwe/ububabare bwacu, nk’uko izindi nsobanuro za Bibiliya nziza na zo zigenda zibyerekana mu magambo yo gusobanura y’umugereka.

Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo rivuga intimba muri Yesaya 53:4 ni ijambo choli, riboneka na none Gutegeka Kwa Kabiri 7:15; 28:61; 1 Abami 17:17; 2 Abami 1:2; 8:8, na 2 Ingoma 16:12; 21:15. Aho hose iryo jambo rivuga uburwayi cyangwa indwara.

Ijambo ryasobanuwe ngo imibabaro ni ijambo ry’Igiheburayo makob, riboneka muri Yobu 14:22 na Yobu 33:19. Aho hombi havuga uburibwe/ububabare.

Ubwo bimeze bityo rero, Yesaya 53:4 yasobanurwa neza kurushaho itya, “Ni ukuri indwara zacu ni zo yishyizeho, uburibwe bwacu ni bwo yikoreye.” Kandi ibi biterwaho igikumwe na Matayo mu butumwa bwe asubira mu magambo ya Yesaya 53:4: “Ubwe ni we watwaraga ubumuga bwacu, akikorera n’indwara zacu” (Mat 8:17).

Bamwe iyo babuze uko babihakana, bagerageza kutwemeza ko Yesaya ngo yavugaga “ubumuga bwo mu mwuka” n'”uburwayi bwo mu mwuka.” Nyamara Matayo iyo asubira mu magambo ya Yesaya 53:4 agaragaza neza nta gushidikanya ko Yesaya yavugaga uburwayi bw’umubiri. Reka tubisome mu nkuru bivugwamo:

Nimugoroba bamuzanira abantu benshi batewe n’abadayimoni, yirukanisha abadayimoni itegeko gusa, akiza abari barwaye bose, kugira ngo ibyavuzwe n’umuhanuzi Yesaya bisohore ngo: “Ubwe ni we watwaraga ubumuga bwacu, akikorera n’indwara zacu” (Mat 8:16-17).

Matayo yemeje ku mugaragaro ko Yesu gukiza uburwayi bw’umubiri yasohozaga ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya 53:4. Nuko rero nta gushidikanya ko Yesaya 53:4 havuga Kristo yikorera ubumuga bwacu n’uburwayi bwacu bw’umubiri.[2] Kimwe n’uko Bibiliya ivuga ko Yesu yishyizeho gukiranirwa kwacu (reba Yesaya 53:11), ni na ko ivuga ko yikoreye ubumuga bwacu n’uburwayi bwacu. Iyo ni inkuru igomba kunezeza buri muntu wese urwaye. Ku bw’igitambo cye atwitangira, Yesu yaduhesheje agakiza no gukira indwara.

Ikibazo Kibazwa

(A Question Asked)

Ariko se niba ibyo ari ukuri, bamwe ni ko babaza, none ni kuki buri wese adakira? Icyo kibazo umuntu yagisubiza neza abaza ikindi kibazo: Kuki abantu bose batavuka ubwa kabiri? Abantu bose ntibavutse ubwa kabiri bitewe n’uko wenda batarumva ubutumwa bwiza cyangwa barabwumvise ariko ntibabwizeye. Ni cyo kimwe rero, umuntu wese yakira gukira kwe binyuze mu kwizera kwe. Bamwe ntibarumva iyo nkuru nziza y’uko Yesu yikoreye indwara zabo, abandi barabyumvise ariko banga kubyemera.

Icyo Imana Data ivuga ku ndwara cyagaragajwe neza n’Umwana wayo ikunda, yitangira ubuhamya ati,

Ni ukuri, ni ukuri, ndababwira yuko ari nta cyo Umwana abasha gukora ubwe atabonye Se agikora, kuko ibyo Se akora byose n’Umwana ari byo akora (Yoh 5:19).

Dusoma mu gitabo cy’Abaheburayo ko Yesu ari “ishusho ya kamere yayo[ya Se]” (Heb 1:3). Ntidushidikanya ko uko Yesu yumva iby’uburwayi ari ko na Se abyumva neza neza.

Yesu se abifata ate? Nta na rimwe yigeze asubiza inyuma umuntu n’umwe uje amugana ngo amukize indwara. Nta na rimwe yigeze abwira umuntu urwaye uje ashaka gukira ngo, “Oya, si ubushake bw’Imana ko ukira, ubwo rero gumana uburwayi bwawe.” Iteka Yesu yakizaga abarwayi baje bamusanga, kandi bamaze gukira, kenshi yababwiraga ko kwizera kwabo ari ko kubakijije. Kandi na none, Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana itajya ihinduka (reba Mal. 3:6) kandi ko Yesu Kristo “uko yari ari ejo, n’uyu munsi ari ko ari, kandi ko ari ko azahora kugeza iteka ryose” (Heb. 13:8).

Kwamamaza Gukira Indwara

(Healing Proclaimed)

Birababaje ko muri iki gihe, agakiza gasigaye gasa nk’aho kavuga kubabarirwa ibyaha gusa. Ariko amagambo y’Ikigiriki asobanurwa kenshi ngo”gukizwa” n’ “agakiza” ntakubiyemo insobanuro yo kubabarirwa ibyaha gusa, ahubwo harimo no kubohorwa kuzuye no gukira indwara.[3] Reka turebe umuntu muri Bibiliya wakiriye agakiza muri ubu buryo bwuzuye. Yakize indwara ku bwo kwizera ateze amatwi Pawulo abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu mudugudu w’iwabo.

Ariko…zihungira i Lusitira n’i Derube, imidugudu y’i Lukawoniya, no mu gihugu gihereranye na ho, zigumayo zibwira abantu ubutumwa bwiza. I Lusitira hariho umuntu wavutse aremaye ibirenge, ntabwo yari yarigeze atambuka. Uwo yumvise Pawulo avuga na we amuhanze amaso, abona ko afite kwizera kwamuhesha gukizwa. Avuga ijwi rirenga ati, “Byuka uhagarike ibirenge byawe weme.” Arabambaduka aratambuka (Ibyak 14:6-10).

Urabona ko n’ubwo Pawulo yabwirizaga “ubutumwa bwiza,” wa muntu yumvise ikintu kirema kwizera mu mutima we gutuma kumuhesha gukira. Ashobora kuba yarumvise nibura Pawulo agira icyo avuga ku murimo wa Yesu wo gukiza indwara, n’ukuntu Yesu yakizaga umuntu wese wasabaga gukira afite kwizera. Wenda Pawulo yanavuze ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya ahanura ukuntu Yesu azikorera ubumuga bwacu n’indwara zacu. Ntabwo tubizi, ariko kuko “kwizera kuzanwa no kumva” (Rom 10:17), uwo muntu wari wararemaye agomba kuba yarumvise amagambo ahagurutsa kwizera mu mutima we kumuhesha gukira. Amagambo Pawulo yavuze akamwemeza ko Imana idashaka ko akomeza kubaho aremaye.

Pawulo ubwe na we agomba kuba yarizeraga ko Imana ishaka gukiza uwo muntu, naho ubundi amagambo ye ntaba yaratumye uwo muntu yizera ko ashobora gukira, kandi ntaba yaramubwiye ngo ahaguruke. Biba byaragenze bite iyo Pawulo avuga nk’uko abavugabutumwa benshi b’iki gihe bavuga? Iyo abwiriza avuga ati, “Ntabwo ari ubushake bw’Imana ko buri wese akira”? Uwo muntu ntaba yarizeye gukira. Wenda ni yo mpamvu muri iki gihe abenshi badakira. Abavugabutumwa bagateye abantu kwizera gukira indwara ni bo basenya kwizera kwabo ahubwo.

Aha na none urabona ko uriya muntu yakijijwe no kwizera kwe. Iyo ataza kwizera yari kugumana ubumuga bwe, n’ubwo bigaragara ko bwari ubushake bw’Imana ko akira. Kandi birashoboka ko uwo munsi hari hari abandi barwayi muri ayo materaniro uwo munsi, ariko nta wundi tubona uvugwa ko yakize icyo gihe. Niba ari uko bimeze se kuki batakize? Ni ukubera impamvu imwe n’iyatumye abenshi mu badakijijwe bari muri iryo teraniro batavuka ubwa kabiri uwo munsi–ntibizeye ubutumwa Pawulo yabwirizaga.

Ntidukwiriye kuvuga ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko buri wese akira indwara dushingiye ku kuvuga ko hari abantu batajya bakira indwara. Ibyo byaba kimwe no kuvuga ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko buri wese avuka ubwa kabiri ngo kubera ko hari abantu batajya bavuka ubwa kabiri na rimwe. Buri wese agomba kwiyizerera ubwe ubutumwa bwiza kugira ngo abone agakiza, kandi buri wese agomba kwiyizerera ubwe kugira ngo akire indwara.

Ibindi Byerekana ko Imana Ishaka Gukiza Indwara

Further Proof of God’s Will to Heal

Mu Isezerano Rya Kera, gukira indwara byari mu masezerano y’Imana na Isirayeli. Iminsi mike gusa nyuma y’uko Abisirayeli bava muri Egiputa, Imana yabahaye iri sezerano:

Nugira umwete wo kumvira Uwiteka Imana yawe, ugakora ibitunganye mu maso yayo, ukumvira amategeko yayo, ukumvira ibyo yategetse byose, nta ndwara nzaguteza mu zo nateje Abanyegiputa, kuko ari jye Uwiteka ugukiza indwara (Kuva 15:26).

Umuntu wese w’umunyakuri agomba kwemera ko gukira indwara cyari kimwe mu bikubiye mu Isezerano Uwiteka yagiranye na Isirayeli, bikagendana no kuganduka kw’abantu. (Pawulo na we asobanura neza mu 1 Abakorinto 11:27-31 ko gukira indwara bigendana no kumvira Imana.)

Imana kandi yasezeranyije Abisirayeli iti:

Kandi muzakorere Uwiteka Imana yanyu, na yo izaha umugisha umutsima wawe n’amazi yawe, kandi nzakura indwara hagati muri mwe. Mu gihugu cyawe nta wuzavanamo inda, nta wuzagumbaha, umubare w’iminsi yawe nzawusohoza udakenyutse (Kuva 23:25-26).

Uzagira umugisha uruta uw’ayandi mahanga yose: ntihazaba ingumba y’umugabo cyangwa y’umugore muri mwe, cyangwa mu matungo yanyu. Uwiteka azagukuraho indwara zose, ntazaguteza n’imwe muri za ndwara mbi z’Abanyegiputa uzi, ahubwo azaziteza abakwanga bose (Guteg. 7:14-15).

Niba gukira indwara byari biri mu Isezerano Rya Kera, umuntu yakwibaza ukuntu bitaba mu Isezerano Rishya, niba mu by’ukuri Irishya riruta Irya Kera, nk’uko Ibyanditswe bivuga:

Ariko none umurimo Yesu yahawe urusha uwabo kuba mwiza kuko ari umuhuza w’isezerano riruta iryabo, kuko ryakomejwe n’amasezerano aruta ayabo (Heb. 8:6).

Na none Ibindi Bibyerekana

(Yet Further Proof)

Bibiliya yuzuye ibyanditswe byerekana ku buryo butagibwaho impaka ko ubushake bw’Imana ari uko ko buri wese akira indwara. Reka mvugemo bitatu mu bikomeye cyane:

Mutima wanjye himbaza Uwiteka, mwa bindimo byose mwe, muhimbaze izina rye ryera. Mutima wanjye himbaza Uwiteka, ntiwibagirwe ibyo yakugiriye byose. Ni we ubabarira ibyo wakiraniwe byose, agakiza indwara zawe zose (Zab 103:1-3).

Ni iki Abakristo bagishaho Dawidi impaka avuze ko Imana ifite ubushake bwo kutubabarira gukiranirwa kwacu kose? Nyamara Dawidi yizeraga ko Imana ifite n’ubushake bwo kudukiza indwara zingana gutyo–zose.

Mwana wanjye, ita ku magambo yanjye, tegera amatwi ibyo mvuga. Ntibive imbere y’amaso yawe, ubikomeze mu mutima wawe imbere. Kuko ari byo bugingo bw’ababibonye, bikaba umuze muke w’umubiri wabo wose (Imig. 4:20-22).

Muri mwe hariho urwaye? Natumire abakuru b’Itorero, bamusabire bamusīze amavuta mu izina ry’Umwami. Kandi isengesho ryo kwizera rizakiza umurwayi Umwami amuhagurutse, kandi naba yarakoze ibyaha, azaba abibabarirwe (Yak. 5:14-15).

Urabona ko iri sezerano riheruka ari irya buri wese urwaye. Urabona kandi ko Atari abakuru b’Itorero bakiza cyangwa amavuta, ahubwo ni “isengesho ryo kwizera.”

Mbese ni ukwizera k’umukuru w’Itorero, cyangwa ni uk’uwo muntu urwaye? Ni ukwabo bombi. Hari uburyo bumwe kwizera k’uwo urwaye kugaragarizwamo, nibura igice, ni mu guhamagara abakuru b’Itorero. Kutizera k’umurwayi gushobora kubuza umumaro amasengesho y’abakuru b’Itorero. Ubwoko bw’isengesho Yakobo yanditse avuga ni urugero rwiza rw’ “isengesho ryo guhuza umutima” Yesu yavuze muri Matayo 18:19. Abo iri sengesho rireba bose bagomba “kwemeranya.” Iyo umwe yizera undi ntiyizere, ubwo nta kwemeranya kuba guhari.

Uzi kandi ko ahantu henshi muri Bibiliya havuga ko Satani ari we uteza indwara (reba Yobu 2:7; Luka 13:16; Ibyak. 10:38; 1 Kor. 5:5). Bityo rero byaba bifite ishingiro umuntu avuze ko Imana igomba kurwanya imirimo ya Satani mu mibiri y’abana bayo. Data wo mu ijuru adukunda kurusha uko undi se w’abana uwo ari we wese wo mu isi yaba yarigeze gukunda abana be (reba Mat. 7:11), kandi sindabona se w’abana ushaka ko abana be barwara.

Buri gihe cyose Yesu yakijije indwara akora umurimo we hano mu isi, na buri gukira indwara kose kwanditswe mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, bikwiye kudukomeza tukumva ko Imana ishaka ko tuba bataraga. Kenshi cyane Yesu yakijije indwara abantu baje bamusaba gukira, kandi akavuga ko igitangaza cyabo bagikesha kwizera kwabo. Icyo cyerekana ko atatoranyaga abantu bamwe runaka yabaga yihitiyemo gukiza. Urwaye wese yashoboraga kumusanga mu kwizera hanyuma agakizwa indwara. Yashakaga kubakiza bose ariko yashakaga ko na bo ku ruhande rwabo bagira kwizera.

Ibisubizo Ku Magambo Amwe y’Ababirwanya

(Answers to Some Common Objections)

Ndacyeka ko igikunze kuvugwa cyane abantu barwanya ibyo gukira indwara ari ikintu kidashingiye ku Ijambo ry’Imana ahubwo gishingiye ku byo abantu baba barabonye. Akenshi bakunze kuvuga ibintu nk’ibi: “Hari umugore nzi wari umurokore cyane wasengeye gukira kanseri ariko aranga arapfa iramuhitana. Ibyo byerekana rero ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko abantu bose bakira indwara.”

Ntitugomba na rimwe kugira ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose tumenyeraho ubushake bw’Imana uretse Ijambo ryayo. Urugero ushubije amaso inyuma ukareba ukuntu Abisirayeli bamaze imyaka mirongo ine bazerera mu butayu nyamara kandi n’ukuntu igihugu cy’amata n’ubuki cyari kibategereje hafi aho hakurya ya Yorodani, wakwanzura uvuga yuko butari ubushake bw’Imana ko Abisirayeli binjira mu gihugu cy’isezerano. Ariko niba uzi Bibiliya uzi neza ko ibyo atari ko bimeze. Rwose bwari ubushake bw’Imana ko Abisirayeli binjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, ariko ntibashoboye kukigeramo ku bwo kutizera kwabo (reba Heb. 3:19).

Hanyuma se noneho abantu bari muri gehinomu? Bwari ubushake bw’Imana ko baba mu ijuru, ariko ntibashoboye kuzuza ibisabwa byo kwihana no kwizera Umwami Yesu. Nuko rero ni na ko tudashobora kumenya ubushake bw’Imana mu byo gukira indwara turebye gusa abantu barwaye. Ngo kuko gusa hari umukristo wasengeye gukira indwara hanyuma akananirwa kubyakira ntibivuga ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko abantu bose bakira indwara. Iyo uwo mukristo aza kuzuza ibyo Imana isaba, aba yarakize, niba atari ibyo Imana yaba ibeshya. Iyo tunaniwe kwakira gukira hanyuma tugatangira kubishyira ku Mana tuvuga ko gukira indwara atari ubushake bwayo, ntaho tuba dutaniye na ba Bayisirayeli binangiye bagapfira mu butayu bavuga ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko binjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Byaba byiza turetse ubwibone bwacu tukemera ko amakosa ari ayacu.

Nk’uko nabivuze mbere mu gice cyabanje kivuga ku kwizera, Abakristo benshi beza bagiye basoza nabi amasengesho yabo yo gusengera gukira indwara, bagasozanya amagambo asenya kwizera ngo, “Niba ari ubushake bwawe.” Ibyo biba bigaragaza neza ko badasenga mu kwizera kuko batizeye ubushake bw’Imana. Ku byerekeye ibyo gukira indwara, ubushake bw’Imana buragaragara neza, nk’uko twamaze kubibona. Iyo uzi ko Imana ishaka kugukiza indwara, nta mpamvu yo kongera ku isengesho ryawe ryo gukira indwara ngo “Niba ari ubushake bwawe”. Ibyo byamera nko kubwira Imana ngo, “Nzi ko wasezeranye kunkiza indwara, ariko birashoboka ko waba utaravugishaga ukuri, ndagusaba ngo unkize niba koko ari ubushake bwawe.”

Ni ukuri koko Imana ishobora guhana abizera batumvira ikabareka bakarwara ngo bababazwe, kugeza n’ubwo rimwe na rimwe ishobora no kubareka bagapfa igihe cyabo kitageze. Bene abo bizera baba bagomba kubanza kwihana mbere y’uko bakira gukira indwara (reba 1 Kor. 11:27-32). Hari abandi, bitewe no kutita ku mibiri yabo, bihamagarira indwara. Abakristo bakwiye kugira ubwenge bakamenya ibyo kurya bizima bakwiye kurya, bakarya mu rugero, bagakora imyitozo ngororangingo, kandi bakagira n’igihe cyo kuruhuka gikwiriye.

Icya Kabiri Bavuga Babirwanya

(A Second Common Objection)

Abantu bakunze kuvuga ngo, “Pawulo yari afite igishākwe mu mubiri, kandi Imana ntiyamukijije.”

Nyamara icyo gitekerezo cyo kuvuga ko igishākwe Pawulo yari afite mu mubiri bwari uburwayi, ni tewolojiya ifite imyumvire mibi ukurikije ko Pawulo avuga mu by’ukuri icyo gishakwe icyo ari cyo–umumarayika wa Satani:

Kandi kugira ngo neguterwa kwishyira hejuru kurenze ibikwiriye n’uko nahishuriwe ibikomeye cyane, ni cyo cyatumye mpabwa igishākwe cyo mu mubiri, ari cyo ntumwa ya Satani yo kunkubita ibipfunsi, ngo ne kwishyira hejuru kurenza ibikwiriye. Kuri icyo kintu ninginze Umwami wacu gatatu ngo kimvemo. Ariko arampakanira ati, “Ubuntu bwanjye buraguhagije, kuko aho intege nke ziri, ari ho imbaraga zanjye zuzura.” Nuko nzanezerwa cyane kwirata intege nke zanjye, kugira ngo imbaraga za Kristo zinzeho (2 Kor. 12:7-9).

Ijambo rivuga intumwa mu Kigiriki ni “aggelos,” ari ryo risobanurwa ngo marayika cyangwa abamarayika ahantu harenga 160 hari mu Isezerano Rishya. Igishākwe cya Pawulo yari umumarayika wa Satani woherejwe kumutera ibipfunsi; ntabwo bwari uburwayi cyangwa ubumuga.

Urabona ko ntaho tubona Pawulo yasenze asaba gukira uburwayi cyangwa aho Imana yanze kumukiza indwara. Ibihe bitatu, Pawulo yarasenze gusa ngo Imana ibe yamukuramo uwo marayika wa Satani umukubita ibipfunsi, kandi Imana yavuze ko ubuntu bwayo buhagije.

Ni nde wahaye Pawulo icyo gishākwe? Bamwe bavuga ko ari Satani, ngo kuko icyo gishākwe kitwa “intumwa ya Satani.” Abandi bizera ko ari Imana kubera ko icyo gishākwe urebye Pawulo yari yagiherewe kugira ngo atishyira hejuru mu bwibone. Pawulo ubwe yaravuze ati, “Ngo ne kwishyira hejuru.”

Bibiliya yitirirwa King James ivuga iyi mirongo mu bundi buryo butandukanyeho gato. Aho kuvuga ngo, “Ngo ne kwishyira hejuru,” yo iravuga ngo, “ngo kugira ngo ndashyirwa hejuru kurenza urugero.” Iri ni itandukaniro rikomeye kuko Imana itarwanya ko dushyirwa hejuru. Ahubwo mu by’ukuri idusezeranira ko izadushyira hejuru nitwicisha bugufi. Nuko rero birashoboka ko Imana ari yo yakoraga umurimo wo gushyira hejuru hanyuma Satani akagerageza guhagarika gushyirwa hejuru kwa Pawulo akohereza umumarayika wo gutera ibipfunsi kugira ngo ajye ahagurutsa imvururu aho Pawulo afashe urugendo hose. Ariko Imana iravuga ngo izajya ikoresha ibyo bihe yiheshe icyubahiro kuko imbaraga zayo zashoboraga kugaragara kurushaho mu bugingo bwa Pawulo biturutse ku ntege nke ze.

Ariko turetse n’ibyo, kuvuga ko Pawulo yari arwaye hanyuma Imana ikanga kumukiza ni ukugoreka cyane ibyo Bibiliya ivuga mu by’ukuri. Muri icyo gice kivuga ku gishākwe cya Pawulo, nta na hamwe Pawulo yigeze avuga uburwayi, kandi ntaho Imana yigeze yanga kumukiza ubwo burwayi bavuga. Umuntu w’inyangamugayo asomye urutonde rwa Pawulo rw’ibigeragezo biri mu 2 Abakorinto 11:23-30, nta ndwara cyangwa ubumuga ubwo ari bwo bwose yasangamo.

Ibindi Kuri Iyo Nsanganyamatsiko

(An Elaboration on the Same Theme)

Bamwe bahakana ibyo bisobanuro byanjye ku gishākwe cya Pawulo bavuga ngo, “Ariko se Pawulo ubwe ntiyabwiye Abagalatiya ko yari arwaye ubwo yababwirizaga ubutumwa bwiza ubwa mbere? Ntiyavugaga se ubwo cya gishākwe yari afite mu mubiri?”

Dore mu by’ukuri ibyo Pawulo yanditse mu rwandiko yandikiye Abagalatiya:

Nubwo muzi yuko indwara y’umubiri ari yo yanzanye iwanyu bwa mbere kubabwira ubutumwa bwiza, kandi nubwo iby’umubiri wanjye byababereye ikirushya ntimurakabihinyura ngo mubicire ifudika, ahubwo mwanyemeye marayika w’Imana, ndetse nka Kristo ubwe. (Gal. 4:13-14).

Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryasobanuwe indwara aha mu Abagalatiya 4:13 ni asthenia, rivuga “intege nke.” Rishobora kuvuga integer nke zitewe n’uburwayi, ariko si ngombwa ko biba uburwayi gusa.

Urugero Pawulo yaranditse ati, “intege nke z’Imana zirusha abantu imbaraga” (1 Kor. 1:25).Ijambo ryasobanuwe aha intege nke na none ni ijambo asthenia. Ntacyo byari kuba bishatse kuvuga iyo abasobanuye baba barasobanuye ngo “indwara y’Imana irusha abantu imbaraga.” (reba na Mat. 26:41 na 1 Pet. 3:7, aho ijambo asthenia risobanurwa intege nke kandi ntirishobora gusobanurwa indwara).

Pawulo asura Galatiya bwa mbere, nk’uko byanditswe mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe, ntahagaragara ko yari arwaye. Ahubwo ikigaragara ni uguterwa amabuye kwe no kumusiga ameze nk’uwapfuye, hanyuma ashobora kuba yarazutse cyangwa se mu buryo bw’igitangaza akongera akaba muzima (reba Ibyak. 14:5-7, 19-20). Birumvikana ko Pawulo bamaze kumutera amabuye, bakamuta aho bazi ko yapfuye, umubiri we wari umeze nabi n’ibikomere avirirana hose.

Pawulo nta burwayi yari afite muri Galatiya bubera abamuteze amatwi ikirushya. Ahubwo umubiri we wari ufite intege nke ku bw’amabuye yaherukaga guterwa. Ikigaragara cyane ni uko agomba kuba, igihe yandikiraga Abagalatiya uru rwandiko, yari agifite ibimenyetso ku mubiri we byibutsa gutotezwa kwe i Galatiya, kuko asoza urwandiko rwe muri aya magambo:

Uhereye none ntihakagire umuntu undushya kuko mfite ku mubiri inkovu za Yesu (Gal. 6:17).

Ikindi Cyo Kurwanya Ibyo Gugukira Indwara:

“Ndababazwa ku bw’Icyubahiro cy’Imana”

(Another Objection: “I’m Suffering for the Glory of God”)

Ibyo bivugwa n’abantu bafashe umurongo wo mu nkuru yo kuzuka kwa Lazaro nk’icyo bishingikirizaho bavuga ko barwaye kugira ngo indwara yabo iheshe Imana icyubahiro. Yesu yavuze kuri Lazaro ati:

Iyo ndwara si iyo kumwica, ahubwo ni iyo guhimbarisha Imana no gutuma Umwana w’Imana ahimbazwa (Yohana 11:4).

Yesu ntiyavugaga ko Imana iheshwa icyubahiro no kurwara kwa Lazaro, ahubwo yavugaga ko Imana izahabwa icyubahiro igihe Lazaro azaba akize akazuka mu bapfuye. Mu yandi magambo ni ukuvuga ngo amaherezo y’ubwo burwayi bwa Lazaro ntiyari urupfu, ahubwo kwari uguhabwa icyubahiro kw’Imana. Imana ntiherwa icyubahiro mu kurwara; iherwa icyubahiro mu gukiza. (reba na Mat. 9:8; 15:31; Luka 7:16; 13:13 na 17:15, aho gukiza indwara kwahesheje Imana icyubahiro.)

Ikindi kivugwa mu kubirwanya: “Pawulo yavuze ko yasize Trofimo I Mileto arwaye”

(Another Objection: “Paul Said He Left Trophimus Sick at Miletum”)

Ubu nandika iyi nteruro ndayandika ndi mu mujyi wo mu Budage. Ubwo nahagurukaga mu mujyi w’aho ntuye iwacu muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe Z’Amerika mu cyumweru gishize, hari abantu benshi nasize barwaye. Nasize ibitaro byuzuye abarwayi. Ariko ibyo ntibivuga ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko bose bakira indwara. Kuko gusa Pawulo yasize hari umuntu urwaye mu mujyi yari yasuye ntibisobanuye ko atari ubushake bw’Imana ko uwo muntu akira. Hanyuma se twavuga iki ku bantu ibihumbi by’abantu badakijijwe na bo Pawulo yasizeyo? Bivuze ko bitari ubushake bw’Imana ko bakizwa? Oya na mba.

Ikindi bavuga: “Jye ndi nka Yobu!”

(Another Objection: “I’m Just Like Job!”)

Imana ishimwe! Niba warasomye iherezo ry’inkuru ya Yobu, uzi ko byarangiye Yobu akize uburwayi yari afite. Ntabwo bwari ubushake bw’Imana ko Yobu akomeza kurwara, kandi si ubushake bw’Imana ko nawe ukomeza kurwara. Inkuru ya Yobu ishimangira ko ubushake bw’Imana iteka ari ugukiza.

Ikindi bavuga: Inama Pawulo Yagiriye Timoteyo Ku by’uburwayi Bwe Bwo Mu Nda.

Another Objection: Paul’s Advice to Timothy About His Stomach

Uzi ko Pawulo yabwiye Timoteyo ko yakoresha vino nke ku bwo mu nda he no kurwaragura (reba 1 Tim. 5:23).

Mu by’ukuri Pawulo yabwiye Timoteyo kureka kunywa amazi ahubwo akanywa vino nke ku bwo mu nda he no kurwaragura. Ibi birasa n’ibyerekana ko amazi agomba kuba hari ikibazo yari afite. Birumvikana niba amazi unywa yanduye, wari ukwiye kuyareka ugatangira kunywa ikindi kintu, naho ubundi uzatangira kugira ibibazo byo mu nda nka Timoteyo.

Ikindi bavuga: “Yesu Yakijije Abarwayi Ashaka Gusa Kugaragaza Ubumana Bwe

(Another Objection: “Jesus Only Healed to Prove His Deity.”)

Hari abashaka ko twemera ko Yesu impamvu yonyine yatumye akiza abarwayi kwari ukugira ngo agaragaze ko ari Imana. None ngo ubu ubwo ubumana bwe bwahamye neza, ngo ntabwo agikiza abarwayi.

Ibyo si byo na gato. Ni byo koko ibitangaza Yesu yakoze byahamije ubumana bwe, ariko iyo si yoo mpamvu yonyine yatumaga akiza abarwayi mu gihe yakoraga umurimo we hano mu isi. Incuro nyinshi Yesu yihanangirizaga abantu akijije indwara ngo ntibavuge uko byagenze (reba Mat 8:4; 9:6, 30; 12:13-16; Mariko 5:43; 7:36; 8:26). Iyo Yesu aza kuba akiza abarwayi ari ugushaka gusa kwerekana ubumana bwe, aba yaragiye abwira abo bantu akijije kugenda bagatangariza abantu bose ibyo yabakoreye.

Mbese ni iki cyateraga Yesu gukiza abarwayi? Henshi muri Bibiliya havuga ko yakizaga kuko yabaga “agize impuhwe” (reba Mat. 9:35-36; 14:14; 20:34; Mariko 1:41; 5:19; Luka 7:13). Impamvu yatumaga Yesu akiza abarwayi ni uko yakundaga abantu kandi akaba yari yuzuye imbabazi. Mbese impuhwe ze n’imbabazi byaragabanutse kuva aho arangirije umurimo we ku isi? Urukundo rwe rwarakonje? Oya rwose!

Ikindi Kivugwa: “Imana Irashaka Ko Ndwara Kubera Impamvu Runaka.”

(Another Objection: “God Wants Me to be Sick for Some Reason.”)

Ibyo ntibishoboka dukurikije ibyanditswe byinshi twamaze kubona. Niba warakomeje kubaho mu buzima bwo kutumvira Imana, birashoboka koko ko yakureka ukarwara kugira ngo bikugeze ku kwihana. Ariko na none ubushake bwayo si uko ukomeza kurwara. Ishaka ko wihana hanyuma ugakira.

Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, niba icyo Imana ishaka ari uko urwara, none ni iki gituma ujya kwa muganga ugafata imiti ushaka gukira? None se urashaka kuva mu “bushake bw’Imana”?

Icya nyuma: “Tutarwaye, Twazapfa Dute?”

(A Final Objection: “If We Never Suffer Disease, How Will We Die?”)

Tuzi ko Bibiliya ivuga ko imibiri yacu isāza (see 2 Cor. 4:16). Nta kintu na kimwe twakora ngo tubuze umusatsi wacu guhinduka imvi cyangwa ngo umubiri wacu ureke gusāza. Amaherezo ntituba tukibona cyangwa ngo twumve neza nk’uko byari bimeze tukiri abasore. Ntituba tukibasha kwiruka. Imitima yacu ntiba igifite imbaraga nka mbere. Tuba tugenda dushiraho buhoro buhoro.

Ariko ibyo ntibivuga ko tugomba kwicwa n’indwara. Imibiri yacu ishobora gusa kugezaho ikananirwa burundu, kandi igihe bigenze bityo, umwuka utandukana n’umubiri igihe Imana iduhamagaye iwacu mu ijuru. Abizera benshi bagiye bapfa muri ubwo buryo. Kuki se wowe bitagenda bityo?

[1] Mu matorero amwe yo muri Amerika y’amajyaruguru, umukozi w’Imana iyo yigishije kuri iki kintu aba yigerejeho bikomeye bitewe n’ukuntu abitwa ngo ni abizera babirwanya. Yesu na we hari ubwo yahuraga n’abinangira n’abatizera mu murimo we wo gukiza indwara (reba Mariko 6:1-6).

[2] Mu gupfa gusumira icyo babonye cyose cyabafasha gukomeza kwizirika ku kutizera kwabo, bamwe bagerageza gushaka kutwemeza ko Yesu yashohoje mu buryo bwuzuye neza Yesaya 53:4 akiza abantu benshi wa mugoroba i Kaperinawumu. Nyamara Yesaya yavuze ko Yesu yikoreye indwara zacu, nk’uko yavuze ko yashenjaguriwe gukiranirwa kwacu (gereranya Yes. 53:4 na 5). Abo bantu Yesu yikorereye indwara na ni bo ba nyir’ugukiranirwa yashenjaguriwe. Nuko rero, Matayo yavugaga gusa ko uko gukiza indwara kwa Yesu i Kaperinawumu byahamyaga ko ari Mesiya wahanuwe muri Yesaya 53, wa wundi uzishyiraho gukiranirwa kwacu n’indwara zacu.

[3] Urugero Yesu yabwiye wa mugore yakijije kuva ati, “Mwana wanjye, kwizera kwawe kuragukijije” (Mariko 5:34). Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki risobanurwa ngo “kuragukijije” (sozo) muri uyu murongo n’ahandi hagera ku ncuro icumi mu Isezerano Rishya risobanurwa “kiza” cyangwa “arakijijwe” incuro zirenga mirongo inani mu Isezerano Rishya. Urugero ni ryo jambo ryasobanuwe mu Abefeso 2:5 ngo “bwabakijije”, “Ubuntu ni bwo bwabakijije ku bwo kwizera.” Bityo rero tubona ko no gukira indwara mu buryo bw’umubiri bikubiye mu nsobanuro y’ijambo ry’Ikigiriki rikunze gusobanurwa ngo “gukizwa.”

Ariko utizera ntibishoboka ko ayinezeza, kuko uwegera Imana akwiriye kwizera yuko iriho, ikagororera abayishaka (Heb. 11:6).

Twe abizera, kwizera kwacu gushingiye ku rufatiro rw’uko Imana iriho, kandi ko uko ifata abayishaka bitandukanye n’uko ifata abantu batayishaka. Ukimara kwizera koko ibyo bintu uko ari bibiri, dutangira gushimisha Imana, kuko ako kanya dutangira kuyishaka. GUshaka Imana harimo (1) kumenya ubushake bwayo, (2) kuyigandukira, no (3) kwizera amasezerano yayo. Ibyo byose uko ari bitatu ni byo bikwiye kuba bigize imyitwarire yacu ya buri munsi.

Iki gice kiribanda ku buryo tubaho mu kwizera. Birababaje kuba benshi baribanze ku kwizera kugeza ubwo batana bakarenga ibyo Bibiliya ivuga, by’umwihariko ibijyanye n’iterambere ry’ubutunzi. Ku bw’iyo mpamvu bamwe usanga ibyo bavuga ntaho bihuriye no kwizera na gato. Ariko kuba hari abantu bamwe batwawe n’uruzi ntibyatuma tutongera kunywa amazi. Webwe dushobora kuguma ku murongo kandi tukagendera ku byo Ijambo ry’Imana rivuga. Bibiliya ifite byinshi ibivugaho, kandi Imana ishaka ko dukoresha kwizera kwacu mu masezerano yayo menshi.

Yesu yabaye ikitegererezo cy’umuntu wizera Imana, kandi ashaka ko abigishwa be bakurikiza urugero rwe. Kandi umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa na we aharanira kuba ikitegererezo cy’umuntu wiringira Imana, kandi yigisha abigishwa be kwizera amasezerano y’Imana. Ibi ni iby’ingenzi cyane. Si ukuvuga gusa ngo nta kwizera ntushobora kunezeza Imana, ahubwo nta n’ubwo amasengesho yawe ashobora gusubizwa udafite kwizera (reba Mat 21:22; Yak. 1:5-8). Ibyanditswe bivuga byeruye ko abashidikanya bavutswa imigisha yakirwa n’abizera. Yesu yaravuze ati, “Byose bishobokera uwizeye” (Mar 9:23).

Aho Kwizera Gusobanurwa

(Faith Defined)

Insobanuro ya Bibiliya ku kwizera iboneka mu Abaheburayo 11:1:

Kwizera ni ukumenya rwose ibyiringirwa udashidikanya ko bitazaba, kandi ni ko kuduhamiriza ibyo tutareba ko ari iby’ukuri.

Duhereye kuri iyi nsobanuro, tumenya ibintu byinshi biranga kwizera. Icya mbere, ufite kwizera aba afite kumenya rwose udashidikanya ko ikintu kitazaba, cyangwa icyizere. Ibi bitandukanye no kwiringira, kuko kwizera ari “ukumenya rwose ibyiringirwa udashidikanya ko bitazaba.” Ku byiringirwa ushobora gushidikanya. Ibyiringiro iteka biravuga ngo “wenda/ahāri.” Urugero nshobora kuvuga nti, “Niringiye ko imvura iri bugwe ikuhira ubusitani bwanjye.” Ndifuza ko imvura igwa, ariko sinzi neza niba iri bugwe. Ariko kwizera ko, iteka kuba kubizi neza “kudashidikanya kuri ibyo byiringiwe.”

Icyo abantu bakunze kwita kwizera, usanga atari cyo Bibiliya yita Kwizera. Umuntu ashobora nko kureba akabona ibicu byijimye hanyuma ati, “Ndizera ko imvura igiye kugwa.” Nyamara ntahamya neza ko koko imvura igiye kugwa–aratekereza gusa ko hari amahirwe menshi y’uko imvura ishobora kugwa. Uko si ukwizera kwa Bibiliya. Kwizera kwa Bibiliya nta kantu ko gushidikanya kabamo. Nta kindi kintu kwemerera uretse icyo Imana yasezeranyije.

Kwizera ni ko Guhamya ko Ibyo Tutareba Bihari

(Faith is the Conviction of Things Not Seen)

Insobanuro yo mu Abaheburayo 11:1 ivuga kandi ko kwizera ari ko “kuduhamiriza yuko ibyo tutareba ari iby’ukuri.” Ni ukuvuga ngo iyo dushobora kurebesha ikintu amaso yacu y’umubiri cyangwa tukamenya ko gihari ku bw’ingingo zacu zindi z’umubiri, kwizera ntabwo kuba gukenewe.

Ekereza umuntu akubwiye aka kanya ati, “Sinzi uko nabisobanura, ariko ndizera ko ufite igitabo mu biganza byawe.” Birumvikana ko wakumva ko hari ikintu kitagenda neza mu mutwe w’uwo muntu. Wamubwira uti, “Ibyo uvuga ni ibiki, ntabwo bigusaba kwizera ko mfite igitabo mu biganza, kuko ureba neza ko ngifite.”

Kwizera gukoreshwa ku bitaboneka. Urugero, ubu nandika aya magambo, ndizera ko hari malayika umpagaze iruhande. Mu by’ukuri ndabizi neza. Mbese nshobora kubyizera gutyo nte ndashidikanya? Nigeze mbona malayika se? Oya. Nigeze numva se umumalayika aguruka aho hafi? Oya. Iyo nza kuba namubonye cyangwa namwumvise ntabwo nakwirirwa nizersa ko hari malayika uri aho–Naba mbizi.

None se ni iki gituma numva nizeye neza ndashidikanya ko hari umumalayika uhahagaze? Kwizera kwanjye kuraturuka kuri rimwe mu masezerano y’Imana. Muri Zaburi 34:7, Yarasezeranye iti, “Marayika w’Uwiteka abambisha amahema yo kugota abamwubaha, akabakiza.” Nta kindi gisobanuro gifatika mfite ku byo nizera uretse Ijambo ry’Imana. Uko ni ukwizera kwa Bibiliya nyako–“guhamya ko ibitaboneka ari iby’ukuri.” Abantu b’isi kenshi bakoresha iyi mvugo ngo, “Kubona ni ukwizera.” Ariko mu bwami bw’Imana ikinyuranyo cy’ibyo ni cyo kuri: “Kwizera ni ukubona.”

Iyo dukoresheje kwizera kuri rimwe mu masezerano y’Imana, kenshi duhura n’ibintu bitugerageza bitujyana mu gushidikanya, cyangwa tukanyura mu bihe bisa nk’aho Imana idakomeza isezerano ryayo bitewe n’uko ibintu biguma uko byari bimeze. Mu bihe nk’ibyo dukwiriye kurwanya gushidikanya, tugakomerera mu kwizera, kandi tugakomeza kwizera mu mitima yacu ko Imana ikomeza ijambo ryayo. Imana ntishobora kubeshya (reba Tito 1:2).

Dushyikira Kwizera dute?

(How Do We Acquire Faith?)

Bitewe n’uko kwizera gushingiye rwose ku masezerano y’Imana, hariho isōko imwe rukumbi yo kwizera kwa Bibiliya–ni Ijambo ry’Imana. Abaroma 10:17 haravuga ngo, “Dore kwizera guheshwa no kumva, no kumva kukazanwa n’Ijambo rya Kristo” (Rom. 10:17). Ijambo ry’Imana rigaragaza ubushake bwayo. Iyo tumenye ibyo Imana ishaka ni ho gusa dushobora kubyizera.

Nuko rero niba ushaka kugira kwizera, ugomba kumva (cyangwa gusoma) amasezerano y’Imana. Kwizera ntiguturuka ku ko wagusengeye, ko wakwiyiririje ubusa, cyangwa ko hari umuntu wakurambitseho ibiganza ngo kukujyemo. Kuzanwa gusa no kumva Ijambo ry’Imana, kandi iyo umaze kuryumva, uba ugifite gufata icyemezo cyo kuryizera.

Iyo umaze kugira kwizera, gushobora gukura kugakomera. Bibiliya ivuga inzego zitandukanye zo kwizera–uhereye ku kwizera guto kugera ku kwizera kwimura imisozi. Kwizera kugenda gukura uko kugaburirwa kandi kugakoreshwa imyitozo, mbese nk’umubiri. Ugomba gukomeza kugaburira kwizera kwacu dutekereza ku Ijambo ry’Imana. Ugomba gukoresha kwizera kwacu mu kugira icyo dukora cyose tugendeye ku Ijambo ry’Imana. No muri bya bihe duhura n’ibibazo, ubwoba no guhangayika. Imana ntishaka ko hari ikintu na kimwe gihangayikisha abana bayo, ahubwo ishaka ko bayiringira mu bihe byose (reba Mat 6:25-34; Fili. 4:6-8; 1 Pet. 5:7). Kwanga guhangayika ni bumwe mu buryo bwo gukoresha kwizera kwacu tukakumenyereza.

Niba koko twizera ibyo Imana yavuze, tuvuga kandi tugakora nk’aho ari ukuri. Niba wizera koko ko Yesu ari Umwana w’Imana, mu mvugo yawe no mu ngiro uzakora nk’ubyizera koko. Niba wizera ko Imana izakumara ubukene bwawe bwose, mu mvugo no mu ngiro byawe bizagaragara. Niba wizera ko Imana ishaka ko ugira amagara mazima, uzabigaragariza mu byo uvuga n’ibyo ukora. Bibiliya yuzuye ingero nyinshi z’abantu, bizeye Imana kandi babona ibitangaza mu bihe bikomeye. Turi buze kureba bamwe muri bo muri iki gice hanyuma mu kindi gice tuze kureba ibyerekeye gukiza indwara kw’Imana. (Izindi ngero nziza wazisanga mu 2 Abami 4:1-7; Mariko 5:25-34; Luka 19:1-10; n’Ibyakozwe 14:7-10.)

Kwizera ni uk’umutima

(Faith is of the Heart)

Kwizera kwa Bibiliya ntigukorera mu bitekerezo byacu, ahubwo gukorera mu mutima. Pawulo yaranditse ati, “Kuko umutima ari wo umuntu yizeza” (Rom. 10:10a). Yesu yaravuze ati,

Ndababwira ukuri yuko umuntu wese wabwira uyu musozi ati, “Shinguka utabwe mu nyanja,” ntashidikanye mu mutima we, yizeye yuko icyo yizeye kiri bube yakibona (Mariko 11:23).

Birashoboka cyane ko wagira gushidikanya mu bitekerezo byawe ariko nyamara ukaba ugifite kwizera mu mutima wawe kandi ugahabwa icyo Imana yagusezeranyije. Mu by’ukuri akenshi iyo dutangiye kwizera amasezerano y’Imana, kubera ibigaragarira amaso y’umubiri hamwe n’ibinyoma bya Satani, ibitekerezo byacu biterwa no gushidikanya. Mu bihe nk’ibyo tugomba gukuraho bitekerezo byo gushidikanya tukabisimbuza amasezerano y’Imana tukagundira kwizera tutanyeganyega.

Amakosa Rusange mu Kwizera

(Common Faith Mistakes)

Akenshi iyo tugerageje kwitoza kwizera Imana, tunanirwa kugera ku byo twifuza kuko tudakurikiza uko Ijambo ry’Imana rivuga. Rimwe mu makosa akunze guhurirwaho cyane ni igihe dushaka kwizerera ikintu Imana itigeze iduhaho isezerano.

Urugero, Bibiliya ivuga ko abashakanye bashobora rwose kwizera ko Imana izabaha urubyaro kuko Ijambo ry’Imana ririmo isezerano bashobora guhagararaho. Nzi abagabo n’abagore bashakanye hanyuma abaganga bakababwira ko badashobora kuzigera babyara. Nyamara bo bagahitamo kwizera Imana ahubwo, bahagaze ku masezerano abiri ari hepfo, kandi uyu munsi ni ababyeyi b’abana bafite amagara meza:

Kandi muzakorere Uwiteka Imana yanyu, na yo izaha umugisha umutsima wawe n’amazi yawe, kandi nzakura indwara hagati muri mwe. Mu gihugu cyawe nta we uzavanamwo inda, ntawe uzagumbaha, umubare w’iminsi yawe nzawusohoza udakenyutse (Kuva 23:25-26).

Uzagira umugisha uruta uw’ayandi mahanga yose: ntihazaba ingumba y’umugabo cyangwa y’umugore muri mwe, cyangwa mu matungo yanyu (Guteg 7:14).

Aya masezerano akwiye gukomeza abashakanye batigeze babyara! Nyamara kugerageza kwizerera by’umwihariko umwana w’umuhungu cyangwa w’umukobwa, ibyo ni ibindi. Muri Bibiliya nta masezerano yihariye atubwira ko dushobora kwihitiramo igitsina tuzabyara. Ugomba kutarenga imbibi z’Ibyanditswe Byera niba dushaka kugira ngo kwizera kwacu kugire umumaro. Dushobora kwizera Imana ku byo yadusezeranije gusa.

Reka turebe isezerano rimwe riri mu Ijambo ry’Imana hanyuma turebe icyo dushobora kwizera dushingiye kuri iryo sezerano:

Kuko Umwami ubwe azaza amanutse ava mu ijuru aranguruye ijwi rirenga, hamwe n’ijwi rya marayika ukomeye n’impanda y’Imana, nuko abapfiriye muri Kristo ni bo bazabanza kuzuka (1 Tes. 4:16).

Dushingiye kuri iki cyanditswe, dushobora kwizera tudashidikanye ko Yesu azagaruka.

Ariko se nyamara, twasenga twizera ko Yesu azagaruka ejo? Oya, kuko cyaba iki cyanditswe cyangwa ikindi icyo ari cyo cyose nta na hamwe tubona iryo sezerano. Mu by’ukuri Yesu yavuze ko nta n’umwe uzi umunsi cyangwa isaha yo kugaruka kwe.

Yego birumvikana, dushobora gusenga twiringira ko Yesu yagaruka ejo, ariko nta cyizere twagira cy’uko bizaba. Iyo dusenga mu kwizera, ntidushidikanya ko ibyo dusaba bizaba kuko tuba dufite isezerano ry’Imana kuri byo.

Dushingiye kuri iki cyanditswe na none, dushobora kwizera ko imibiri y’abizera bapfuye izazurwa Yesu nagaruka. Ariko se twakwizera ko abazaba basigaye muri twe Yesu nagaruka tuzabonera rimwe imibiri yo kuzuka n’abo bazaba “barapfiriye muri Kristo”, cyangwa se wenda na mbere yabo? Oya, kuko iki cyanditswe kidusezeranya ibinyuranye n’ibyo: “Abapfiriye muri Kristo ni bo bazabanza kuzuka.” Mu by’ukuri umurongo ukurikiraho ukomeza uvuga uti, “Maze natwe abazaba bakiriho basigaye duhereko tujyananwe na bo, tuzamuwe mu bicu, gusanganirira Umwami mu kirere” (1 Tes. 4:17). Nuko rero, nta kuntu bishoboka ko “abapfiriye muri Kristo” bataba abambere mu guhabwa imibiri yo kuzuka igihe Yesu azaba agarutse. Ibyo ni byo Ijambo ry’Imana risezeranya.

Niba hari icyo dushaka kwizerera Imana, tugomba kumenya tudashidikanya niba ari ubushake bw’Imana ko duhabwa icyo twifuza guhabwa. Ubushake bw’Imana ushobora kubumenya neza urebye amasezerano yayo ari muri Bibiliya.

Kwizera gukora gutyo mu buryo busanzwe. Byaba ari ubupfapfa uramutse wizeye ko nzagusura iwawe ejo saa sita kandi ntigeze ngusezeranya ko nzaba mpari icyo gihe.

Kwizera, iyo kudafite isezerano guhagazeho, ntikuba ari ukwizera na mba–ni ubugoryi. Nuko rero mbere y’uko usaba Imana ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, ujye ubanza wibaze ikibazo–ni ikihe cyanditswe muri Bibiliya kinsezeranya ibi bintu nshaka? Niba udafite isezerano, nta musingi wo kwizera kwawe ufite.

Ikosa Rusange Rya Kabiri

(A Second Common Mistake)

Kenshi cyane Abakristo bagerageza gushaka kwizera ko rimwe mu masezerano y’Imana ribasohozaho kandi batujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa biherekeje iryo sezerano. Urugero, numvise Abakristo bavuga kuri Zaburi 37 bakavuga ngo: “Bibiliya iravuga ngo Imana izampa ibyo umutima wanjye ushaka. Ibyo ni byo nizereye.”

Nyamara Bibiliya ntivuga gusa ko Imana izaduha ibyo imitima yacu yifuza. Mu by’ukuri dore uko ivuga:

Ntuhagarikwe umutima n’abakora ibyaha, kandi ntugirire ishyari abakiranirwa, kuko bazacibwa vuba nk’ubwatsi, bazuma nk’igisambu kibisi. Wiringire Uwiteka ukore ibyiza, guma mu gihugu ukurikize umurava. Kandi wishimire Uwiteka, na we azaguha ibyo umutima wawe usaba. Ikoreze Uwiteka urugendo rwawe rwose, abe ari we wiringira na we azabisohoza (Zab. 37:1-5).

Hari ibyangombwa byinshi bigomba kubanza kuzuzwa hanyuma tukabona kwizera ko Imana izaduha ibyo imitima yacu ishaka. Mu by’ukuri nabaruye nibura ibintu umunani bigomba kubanza kuzuzwa muri iri sezerano riri haruguru. Igihe tutujuje ibyo bisabwa, nta burenganzira tuba dufite bwo kwakira imigisha yasezeranywe. Kwizera kwacu ntikuba gufite urufatiro.

Abakristo na none bakunda kuvuga isezerano riri mu Abafilipi 4:19: Bati”Kandi Imana yanjye izamara ubukene bwanjye bwose, nk’uko ubutunzi bw’ubwiza bwayo buri.” Ariko se, hari ibyangombwa bisabwa kuzuzwa kuri iryo sezerano? Yego rwose.

Iyo urebye iryo sezerano ryo mu Abafilipi 4:19 igihe ryavugiwemo, ubona ko atari isezerano ryahawe abakristo bose muri rusange. Ahubwo ni isezerano ryahawe abakristo b’abanyabuntu na bo ubwabo. Pawulo yamenye ko Imana izamara Abafilipi ubukene bwabo bwose kuko bari bamaze kumwoherereza ituro. Bitewe n’uko bashakaga ubwami bw’Imana mbere na mbere nk’uko Yesu yategetse, Imana yagombaga kumara ubukene bwabo bwose, nk’uko Yesu yasezeranye (reba Mat 6:33). Amenshi mu masezerano ari muri Bibiliya yerekeye kumarwa ubukene bwacu bwose n’Imana akurikiranye n’icyangombwa gisabwa ko tugomba kubanza kuba abantu batanga.

Nta burenganzira rwose dufite bwo kwibwira ko twakwiringira ko Imana izatumara ubukene bwacu kandi tutubaha amategeko yayo yerekeranye n’ubutunzi bwacu. Mu Isezerano rya Kera Imana yabwiye abantu bayo ko bavumwe bitewe n’uko bimanye ibyacumi byabo, ariko ibasezeranya ko izabaha umugisha nibaganduka bagatanga kimwe mu icumi cyabo n’amaturo (reba Mal. 3:8-12).

Imyinshi mu migisha dusezeranirwa muri Bibiliya ifatanye no kugandukira Imana kwacu. Bityo rero mbere y’uko tugira icyo twizerera Imana, tugomba kwibaza iki kibazo: “Mbese nujuje ibisabwa bifatanye n’iri sezerano?”

Ikosa Rusange Rya Gatatu

(A Third Common Mistake)

Mu Isezerano Rishya, Yesu yavuze icyangombwa kigendana na buri gihe cyose dusenga tugira icyo dusaba:

Mwizere Imana. Ndababwira ukuri yuko umuntu wese wabwira uyu musozi, “Shinguka wite mu nyanja,” ntashidikanye mu mutima we, yizeye yuko icyo avuze gikorwa yakibona. Ni cyo gituma mbabwira nti, ibyo musaba byose mubishyizeho umutima mwizere yuko mubihawe, kandi muzabibona (Mar 11:22-24).

Igisabwa Yesu yavuze ni ukwizera ko twahawe igihe dusenga. Abakristo benshi bagerageza gukoresha kwizera kwabo mu buryo butari bwo bizera ko bahawe igihe babonye igisubizo cy’amasengesho yabo. Bizera ko bagiye kuzahabwa aho kwizera ko bamaze guhabwa.

Iyo dusabye Imana ikintu yadusezeranyije, tugomba kwizera ko duhabwa igihe dusenze ako kanya tugatangira gushima Imana ko iduhaye. Tugomba kwizera ko dufite igisubizo mbere y’uko tukibona, ntabwo ari nyuma yo kukibona. Tugomba gusaba ariko tunashima, nk’uko Pawulo yanditse:

Ntimukagire icyo mwiganyira, ahubwo ibyo mushaka byose bimenywe n’Imana mubisabiye, mubyingingiye mushima (Fili. 4:6).

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, iyo dufite kwizera mu mutima wacu, ubusanzwe amagambo yacu n’ibikorwa byacu bigendana n’ibyo twizera. Yesu yaravuze ati, “Ibyuzuye mu mutima ni byo akanwa kavuga” (Mat 12:34).

Abakristo bamwe bakora ikosa ryo guhora bongera gusaba ikintu basabye, ibyo bikagaragaza ko batarizera ko bamaze guhabwa. Iyo twizeye ko twamaze guhabwa dusenga, ntibiba ngombwa kongera gusengera ibyo bintu. Gukomeza gusengera ikintu hato na hato usubiramo bivuga ko utizeye ko Imana yakumvise usenga bwa mbere.

Mbese Yesu We Ntiyasengeye Ikintu Kimwe Kenshi?

( Didn’t Jesus Make the Same Request More Than Once?)

Ni byo koko, Yesu yasenze incuro eshatu asengera ikintu kimwe cya gihe i Getsemani (reba Mat 26:39-44). Ariko wibuke ko atasengaga mu kwizera kujyanye n’ubushake bw’Imana. Mu by’ukuri, igihe yasengaga incuro eshatu ngo arebe ko niba bishoboka yarokoka umusaraba, yari azi ko ibyo asaba binyuranye n’ubushake bw’Imana. Ni yo mpamvu incuro eshatu muri iryo sengesho yiyeguriye ubushake bwa Se.

Iryo sengesho rya Yesu akenshi rikoreshwa mu buryo butari bwo nk’urugero rwo gusenga buri gihe, nk’uko hari bamwe bigisha ko tugomba iteka gusoza amasengesho yacu tuvuga ngo, “Niba ari bwo bushake bwawe,” cyangwa “Ariko ntibibe nk’uko nshaka ahubwo bibe nk’uko ushaka,” mu gukurikiza urugero rwa Yesu.

Na none, tugomba kwibuka ko Yesu yasabaga ibintu azi ko bitari mu bushake bw’Imana. Gukurikiza urwo rugero mu gihe dusengera ibintu biri mu bushake bw’Imana byaba ari amakosa kandi bikagaragaza kubura kwizera. Urugero nko gusenga ngo, “Mwami natuye ibyaha byanjye kandi ngusabye ko umbabarira niba ari bwo bushake bwawe,”byakumvikanisha ko bishobora kuba bitari ubushake bw’Imana kumbabarira ibyaha. Uzi neza ko Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana itubabarira ibyaha byacu iyo tubyatuye (reba 1 Yohana 1:9). Nuko rero isengesho nk’iryo ryagaragaza ko umuntu atizeye ubushake bw’Imana nk’uko bwahishuwe.

Ntabwo ari buri sengesho Yesu yasozaga avuga ngo, “Ntibibe nk’uko nshaka ahubwo bibe nk’uko ushaka.” Ni hamwe gusa tubona yasenze atyo, kandi nabwo ni igihe yihatiraga gukora ubushake bwa Se, kuko yari azi imibabaro agiye guhura na yo ku bwo kumvira ubwo bushake.

Ku rundi ruhande, igihe tutazi ubushake bw’Imana mu bintu runaka kuko itabuhishuye byaba bifite ishingiro gusoza isengesho ryawe uvuga uti, “ariko bibe nk’uko ushaka.” Yakobo yaranditse ati,

Nimwumve yemwe abavuga muti, “Uyu munsi cyangwa ejo tuzajya mu mudugudu w’inaka tumareyo umwaka, dutunde tubone indamu”, nyamara mutazi ibizaba ejo. Mbese ubugingo bwanyu ni iki? Muri igihu kiboneka umwanya muto kigaherako kigatamūka. Ahubwo ibyo mwarimukwirye kuvuga ni ibi, ngo “Umwami Imana nibishaka tuzarama, kandi tuzakora dutya na dutya.” Ariko dore mwiratana ibyo mudashobora kwigezaho, bene iyo myirato yose ni mibi (Yak 4:13-16).

Tugomba gukora iki igihe tumaze gusenga dushingiye ku masezerano y’Imana kandi tukaba twujuje ibisabwa byose? Tugomba gukomeza gushimira Imana ibyo twizeye ko twahawe igihe twabisabaga kugeza bisohoje. Ni mu kwizera no mu kwihangana tugera ku masezerano y’Imana (Heb 6:12). Satani nta kabuza azagerageza kuduca intege aduteza gushidikanya, kandi tugomba kumenya ko iyo ntambara irwanirwa mu bitekerezo byacu. Igihe dutewe n’ibitekerezo byo gushidikanya, icyo dukora gusa ni ugusimbuza ibyo bitekerezo ibitekerezo bishingiye ku masezerano y’Imana kandi tukatura amagambo y’Imana mu kwizera. Iyo tugize dutyo Satani agomba guhunga (reba Yak. 4:7; 1 Pet. 5:8-9).

Urugero rwo Kwizera Gushyizwe Mu Bikorwa

(An Example of Faith in Action)

Rumwe mu ngero nziza za Bibiliya zo kwizera gushyirwa mu bikorwa ni inkuru ya Petero agendera hejuru y’amazi. Reka dusome iyo nkuru ye turebe icyo twakwiga muri yo.

Uwo mwanya ahata[Yesu] abigishwa be ngo bikire mu bwato babanze hakurya, amare gusezerera abantu. Azamuka umusozi wenyine ajya gusenga. Bwari bugorobye, ariyo wenyine. Ariko ubwato bugeze imuhengeri, buteraganwa n’umuraba, kuko umuyaga ubaturutse imbere. Nuko mu nkoko aza aho bari, agendesha amaguru hejuru y’inyanja. Ariko abigishwa bamubonye agendesha amaguru hejuru y’inyanja bahagarika imitima, batakishwa n’ubwoba bati, “Ni umuzimu.” Ariko uwo mwanya Yesu avugana na bo ati, “Nimuhumure ni jyewe, mwitinya.” Petero aramusubiza ati, “Mwami niba ari wowe, untegeke nze aho uri, ngendesha amaguru hejuru y’amazi.” Aramusubiza ati, “Ngwino!” Petero ava mu bwato, agendesha amaguru hejuru y’amazi ngo asange Yesu. Ariko abonye umuyaga ko ari mwinshi aratinya, atangiye kurengerwa arataka ati, “Databuja, nkiza!” Uwo mwanya Yesu arambura ukuboko kwe aramufata, aramubwira ati, “Yewe ufite kwizera guke we, ni iki gitumye ushidikanya?” Baratambuka bajya mu bwato, umuyaga uratuza. Abari mu bwato baramupfukamira, baramubwira bati, “Ni ukuri, uri Umwana w’Imana!” (Mat 14:22-33).

Bifite icyo bishatse kuvuga urebye ukuntu na none mbere yaho abigishwa ba Yesu bari bahuye n’inkubi y’umuyaga bari mu bwato mu nyanja ya Galilaya (reba Mat 8:23-27). Icyo gihe Yesu yari kumwe na bo, kandi amaze gucyaha inyanja igatuza, hanyuma yacyashye abigishwa be kubera kubura kwizera kwabo. Mbere y’uko bafata urugendo rwabo yari yababwiye ko ubushake bwe ari uko bajya hakurya (reba Mariko 4:35). Nyamara igihe umuyaga wadutse, bakurikiye ibyo barebesha amaso y’umubiri, ndetse bagera ubwo bumva ko bagiye gupfa. Yesu yashakaga ko nibura badatinya.

Ariko noneho icyo gihe Yesu yari yabohereje bonyine ngo bambuke inyanja ya Galilaya. Nta gushidikanya ko yari ayobowe n’Umwuka gukora atyo, kandi nta gushidikanya ko Imana yari ibizi ko hari buze kuza umuyaga ubaturutse imbere iryo joro. Bityo rero Umwami yari abaretse ngo kwizera kwabo kugeragezwe gato. Ku bw’iyo miyaga yabaturukaga imbere, ibyagatwaye ubusanzwe amasaha make gusa byafashe ijoro ryose. Tugomba gushimira abigishwa kwihangana kwabo, ariko ntitwabura kwibaza niba hari n’umwe wigeze agira kwizera ko guturisha umuyaga, kandi ni ikintu bari babonye Yesu akora iminsi mike mbere yaho. Ikintu gishimishije, ubutumwa bwiza bwa Mariko buvuga ko igihe Yesu yaje agendera hejuru y’amazi, “asa n’ushaka kubanyuraho” (Mariko 6:48). Yari agiye kubareka ngo birwanire n’ibibazo byabo bonyine kuko yabahingutseho gusa mu buryo bw’igitangaza! Ibi birasa n’aho byerekana ko batasengaga cyangwa ko amaso yabo batari bayahanze Imana. Nibaza incuro zingahe Nyiribitangaza ajya adutambukaho natwe amaso yacu ahugiye mu bibazo by’ubu buzima n’imiyaga y’ingorane.

Amahame Yo Kwizera

(Principles of Faith)

Yesu yasubije Petero ku ihurizo yari amuhaye mu ijambo rimwe rukumbi: “Ngwino.” Iyo Petero aza kugerageza kugendera hejuru y’amazi mbere y’uko iryo jambo rivugwa, aba yarazitse ako kanya, kuko nta sezerano yari kuba afite ashingiraho kwizera kwe. Yari kuba agiye mu buryo bwo kwihandagaza gusa ariko nta kwizera. Ni muri ubwo buryo rero na nyuma y’aho Yesu avugiye ijambo rye, iyo hagira undi mu bigishwa ugerageza kugendera hejuru y’amazi, aba yarahise azika, kuko Yesu isezerano yari arihaye Petero gusa. Nta wundi muri bo wari kuba yujuje ibisabwa n’iryo sezerano, kuko nta wundi wari Petero. Nuko rero, mbere y’uko hagira umuntu ugerageza kwizera isezerano runaka ry’Imana agomba kubanza akareba niba iryo sezerano rimureba kandi niba yujuje ibyo risaba.

Petero yateye intambwe mu mazi. Icyo ni cyo gihe yari yizeye, n’ubwo tutashidikanya ko umuntu mu kanya gato watakaga ngo umuzimu arabamaze agomba kuba yari afite gushidikanya mu bitekerezo bye mu gihe yateraga intambwe ya mbere mu mazi. Ariko kugira ngo yakire igitangaza, yagombaga gukoresha kwizera kwe. Iyo akomeza kugundira ubwato hanyuma agashyira ino rye ry’igikumwe mu mazi iruhande rw’ubwato ngo arebe koko niba areremba hejuru y’amazi, ntaba yarigeze abona igitangaza. Nuko rero, mbere y’uko tubona igitangaza icyo ari cyo cyose, tugomba kwizera byimazeyo isezerano ry’Imana hanyuma tugakoresha kwizera ku kintu twizereye. Iteka habaho igihe cyo kugeragezwa ko kwizera kwacu. Rimwe na rimwe icyo gihe gihe gishobora kuba kigufi, ubundi kikaba kirekire. Ariko habaho igihe runaka tugomba kwirengagiza ibyo amaso n’amatwi biduha ahubwo tukagendera ku cyo Imana yavuze.

Petero yatangiye neza. Ariko atangiye kureba ukuntu ibintu arimo akora ari ibintu bidashoboka, yitegereje umuyaga n’imiraba, agira ubwoba. Birashoboka ko yarekeyaho kugenda, agatinya gutera indi ntambwe. Nuko wa wundi wabonaga igitangaza atangira kuzika. Tugomba gukomeza kwizera igihe twamaze gutangira, tugakomeza tugakora ibikorwa byerekana uko kwizera. Komeza ujye mbere.

Petero yazitse kubera ko yashidikanyije. Abantu ntibajya bakunda kwishyiraho amakosa mu kubura kwizera kwabo. Ahubwo amakosa bayashyira ku Mana. Utekereza ko Yesu yari kubyakira ate, iyo igihe Petero yari asubiye mu bwato amahoro aza kuvuga abwira abandi bigishwa ati, “Rwose bwari ubushake bw’Imana ko ngarukira hagati gusa ngendera hejuru y’amazi nsanga Yesu”?

Petero yatsinzwe bitewe n’uko yagize ubwoba agatakaza kwizera kwe. Ibyo ni ibigaragara. Yesu ntiyamuciriyeho iteka, ahubwo yahereyeko arambura ukuboko ngo Petero abone icyo yishingikirizaho. Hanyuma aherako abaza Petero impamvu yamuteye gushidikanya. Nta mpamvu ifatika yatumaga Petero ashidikanya, kuko ijambo ry’Umwana w’Imana ni iryo kwizerwa kurusha ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Nta n’umwe muri twe ufite impamvu n’imwe yatuma ashidikanya Ijambo ry’Imana, ngo agire ubwoba cyangwa yihebe.

Bibiliya yuzuye inkuru z’abagiye banesha biturutse ku kwizera, n’abaneshejwe kubera kutizera cyangwa gushidikanya. Yosuwa na Kalebu bafashe Igihugu cy’Isezerano ku bwo kwizera kwabo mu gihe abenshi muri bagenzi babo baguye mu butayu bazize kutizera kwabo (reba Kub 14:26-30). Abigishwa ba Yesu babonye ibyo bari bakeneye byose igihe bagendaga babiri babiri bajya kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza (reba Luka 22:35), ariko hari ubwo bananiwe kwirukana dayimoni kubera kutizera kwabo (reba Mat 17:19-20). Abantu benshi bakize indwara mu buryo bw’ibitangaza basengewe na Kristo mu gihe abenshi mu barwayi bo mu mudugudu we wa Nazareti bagumanye uburwayi bwabo ku bwo kutizera (reba Mariko 6:5-6).

Kimwe n’abo bose, nanjye ubwanjye nagiye nsinda cyangwa ngatsindwa bitewe no kwizera cyangwa kutizera. Ariko gutsindwa kwanjye ntibyatuma niheba cyangwa ngo nitakane Imana abe ari yo mbishyiraho. Ntabwo nakwigira uwera mu kuba ari yo ncira urubanza. Ntabwo njya gushakisha insobanuro ziruhije za tewolojiya zihindura ubushake bw’Imana bwagaragajwe neza. Nzi ko bidashoboka ko Imana ibeshya. Nuko rero, iyo nsinzwe, icyo nkora gusa ni ukwihana kutizera kwanjye, ngatangira kongera kugendera hejuru y’amazi na none. Nabonye ko buri gihe Yesu ambabarira kandi akantabara akankiza kuzika!

Iteka ryaraciwe: Abizera bahabwa umugisha; abatizera ntibawubona! Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa akurikiza urugero rwa Yesu. We ubwe aba yuzuye kwizera, kandi akomeza abigishwa be ati, “Mwizere Imana!” (Mariko 11:22).

Niba bizwi neza ko abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’itorero ry’Umwami Yesu Kristo ari abagore, ni ngombwa cyane gusobanukirwa inshingano yabo bahawe n’Imana mu mubiri wa Kristo. Mu matorero menshi n’imirimo itandukanye y’Imana, abagaragara nk’abakozi b’agaciro cyane, nk’uko akenshi ari na bo benshi mu bayoboye umurimo w’Imana.

Nyamara uruhare rw’abagore si ko bose baruvugaho rumwe. Akenshi usanga abagore bakumīrwa ku nshingano zimwe na zimwe z’umurimo w’Imana mu itorero zirebana no kuvuga n’ubuyobozi. Amatorero amwe yemera ko abagore baba abapastori; amenshi ntabyemera. Amwe yemera ko abagore bigisha mu gihe andi atabyemera. Amatorero amwe abuza abagore kuvuga na rimwe mu materaniro mu rusengero.

Uku kutavuga rumwe kose guturuka ku buryo butandukanye abantu basobanura amagambo ya Pawulo ku birebana n’uruhare rw’abagore ari mu 1 Kor. 14:34-35 na 1 Tim. 2:11-3:7. Ibi Byanditswe ni byo turi bwibandeho muri iri somo ryacu, by’umwihariko ku mpera y’iki gice.

Uhereye ku Itangiriro

(From the Beginning)

Dutangira, reka turebe icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku bagore kuva ku mpapuro zayo zitangira. Abagore, kimwe n’abagabo, baremwe mu ishusho y’Imana:

Imana irema umuntu ngo agire ishusho yayo, afite ishusho yayo ni ko yamuremye, umugabo n’umugore ni ko yabaremye (Itang. 1:27).

Birazwi neza ko Imana yaremye Adamu mbere y’uko irema Eva, kandi ku bwa Pawulo iki ni ikintu gikomeye mu buryo bw’umwuka (reba 1 Tim. 2:3). Nyuma turi buze kureba agaciro uko kuremwa mbere bifite nk’uko bisobanurwa na Pawulo, ariko ntidushobora kubishingiraho ngo tuvuge ko umugabo aruta umugore. Tuzi ko Imana yaremye inyamaswa mbere y’uko irema abantu (reba Itang. 1:24-28), kandi ntawavuga ko inyamaswa ziruta abantu.[1]

Umugore yaremewe kuba umufasha w’umugabo we (reba Itang. 2:18). Ibi na none ntibivuga ko ari we uri hasi, ahubwo byerekana gusa uruhare rwe mu buzima bw’urugo. Umwuka Wera twamuhawe nk’umufasha, ariko nta gushidikanya ko tutamuruta. Ahubwo Umwuka Wera araturuta! Kandi umuntu yanavuga rwose ko kugira ngo Imana ireme umugore abe umufasha w’umugabo we ari ukuvuga ko abagabo bari bakeneye ubufasha/ubutabazi! Ni Imana yavuze ko atari byiza ko umugabo aba wenyine (reba Itang. 2:18). Ibyo byagiye bigaragara ko ari ukuri incuro zitabarika mu mateka aho abagabo bagiye basigara bonyine badafite abagore bo kubafasha.

Kandi ikindi twarangirizaho, tubona mu mpapuro za mbere z’igitabo cy’Itangiriro ko umugore wa mbere yaremwe mu mubiri w’umugabo wa mbere. Yakuwe muri uwo mugabo, bivuga ko hari ikintu aba abura iyo atamufite kandi ko ubusanzwe mu ntangiriro bombi ari umuntu umwe. Ikindi kandi, icyo Imana yatandukanije yari igamije ko cyongera kuba kimwe mu buryo bw’ubusabane mpuzabitsina, uburyo butagamije kororoka gusa, ahubwo no kugaragarizanya urukundo no kwishimana mu buryo bombi baba bakeneranye.

Muri aya masomo yerekeranye n’iremwa byose birerekana ko nta gitsina kiruta ikindi, cyangwa ko hari igifite uburenganzira bwo kugira ubutware ku kindi. Kandi kuba Imana yarageneye inshingano zitandukanye mu rugo/rushako cyangwa mu murimo w’Imana ntaho bihuriye n’uburinganire bwabo n’abagabo muri Kristo, kuko muri We “ntihakiriho umugabo cyangwa umugore” (Gal. 3:28).

Abagore mu Murimo w’Imana mu Isezerano Rya Kera

(Women in Ministry in the Old Testament)

Hamwe n’urwo rufatiro twashyizeho, reka noneho turebe bamwe mu bagore bakoreshejwe n’Imana mu Isezerano Rya Kera kugira ngo basohoze imigambi yayo. Biragaragara cyane ko mu Isezerano rya Kera Imana yahamagaye mbere na mbere abagabo mu murimo wayo, ndetse nk’uko yabigize mu bihe by’Isezerano Rishya. Inkuru z’abagabo nka Mose, Aroni, Yosuwa, Yosefu, Samweli na Dawidi zuzuye impapuro z’Isezerano Rya Kera.

Nyamara abagore benshi bagaragaramo na bo nk’ikimenyetso cyo guhamya ko Imana ishobora guhamagara kandi igakoresha uwo ishatse wese, kandi abagore bambitswe n’Imana imbaraga bashobora umurimo uwo ari wo wose Imana ibahamagariye.

Mbere y’uko tugira umugore tureba by’umwihariko muri abo, reka tubanze tuvuge ko buri mugabo wese wakoreshejwe n’Imana mu buryo bukomeye mu Isezerano rya Kera yabyawe kandi arerwa n’umugore. Mose ntiyari kubaho iyo hataza kubaho umugore witwa Yokebedi (reba Kuva 6:20). Kandi ntihaba harabayeho abandi bagabo b’ibihangange bakoreshejwe n’Imana iyo hataba ba nyina bababyaye. Abagore bahawe inshingano iremereye kandi umurimo w’Imana ukwiriye gushimwa wo kurera abana mu Mana (reba 2 Tim. 1:5)

Yokebedi ntiyari gusa nyina w’abagabo babiri bahamagawe n’Imana, Mose na Aroni, ahubwo yari na nyina w’umugore wahamagawe n’Imana, mushiki wabo, umuhanuzikazi akaba n’umuyobozi wo kuramya no guhimbaza witwa Miriyamu (reba Kuva 15:20). Muri Mika 6:4, Imana yashyize Miriyamu ku rwego rumwe na Mose na Aroni ivuga ko ari umwe mu bayobozi ba Isirayeli:

Nakuzamuye nkuvana mu gihugu cya Egiputa, ndakurokora ngukura mu nzu y’uburetwa, nohereza Mose na Miriyamu imbere yawe.

Birumvikana, uruhare rwa Miriyamu mu buyobozi bwa Isirayeli ntirwari runini nk’urwa Mose. Nyamara nk’umuhanuzikazi, Miriyamu yavugishwaga n’Imana, kandi ndibwira ko nta kosa umuntu yaba afite avuze ko ubutumwa Imana yanyuzaga muri Miriyamu butari ubutumwe ku bagore gusa, ahubwo bwabaga bwohererejwe n’abagabo ba Isirayeli.

Umucamanza w’umugore muri Isirayeli

(A Female Judge Over Israel)

Undi mugore Imana yahagurukije nk’umuyobozi muri Isirayeli ni Debora, wabayeho mu bihe by’abacamanza ba Isirayeli. Na we yari umuhanuzikazi, kandi yabaye umucamanza wa Isirayeli kimwe n’abandi bacamanza bose ba Isirayeli nka ba Gideyoni, Yefuta na Samusoni mu bihe byabo. Tubwirwa ko “Abisirayeli bose bajyaga bamusanga ngo abacire imanza” (Abac 4:5). Nuko rero yafatiraga abagabo ibyemezo, ntabwo ari abagore gusa. Ibi ntidushobora kubyibeshyaho: Umugore yabwiraga abagabo ibyo bagomba gukora, kandi Imana yari yaramusigiye amavuta kubikora.

Nk’abandi bagore bandi benshi Imana ihamagara mu buyobozi, Debora urebye na we yahuye n’umugabo umwe nibura umurushya kubera kunanirwa kwakira Ijambo ry’Imana rinyuze mu kanwa k’umugore. Yitwaga Baraki, kandi kuko yashidikanyaga ku mabwirizwa y’ubuhanuzi Debora yamuhaga ngo ajye ku rugamba atere Sisera umugaba w’ingabo z’Abanyakanani, amubwira ko icyubahiro cyo kwica Sisera kiza kuba icy’umugore. Ibyo yavugaga byari ukuri koko, umugore witwaga Yayeli yibukwa mu Byanditswe nk’umugore watikuye urubambo rw’ihema mu mutwe wa Sisera asinziriye (reba Abac 4). Inkuru irangira Baraki aririmbana na Debora indirimbo y’intsinzi! Ibitero bimwe byuzuye ibisingizo bivuga Debora na Yayeli (reba Abac 5), kandi nyuma byarangiye Baraki yemera ko “abagore bakoreshwa n’Imana” ibyo ari byo byose.

Umuhanuzikazi wa Gatatu

A Third Prophetess

Umugore wa gatatu uboneka mu Isezerano rya Kera nk’umuhanuzikazi wari wubashywe ni Hulida. Imana yamukoresheje mu guha umugabo ihishurirwa rizima ry’ubuhanuzi n’umuyoboro w’uko ibintu bigomba gukorwa, uwo ni umwami w’Abayuda Yosiya wari uhagaritse umutima atazi icyo agomba gukora (reba 2 Abami 22). Na none aha tubona urugero rw’aho Imana ikoresha umugore kuyobora umugabo. Birashoboka cyane ko Hulida yajyaga akoreshwa n’Imana muri ubwo buryo kenshi, naho ubundi ntabwo Yosiya aba yarizeye ako kageni ibyo amubwiye.

Ariko se kuki Imana yahamagaye Miriyamu, Debora na Hulida nk’abahanuzikazi? Mbese ntiba yarahamagaye abagabo mu cyimbo cyabo?

Ni byo koko rwose Imana yari guhamagara abagabo bagakora neza neza nk’ibyo abo bagore batatu bakoze. Ariko si ko yabigenje. Kandi nta muntu n’umwe uzi impamvu. Icyo twakagombye kwigira kuri ibi ni uko tugomba kwitonda cyane tukirinda gushyirira Imana ho imipaka ku bijyanye n’abo ihamagara mu murimo. Nubwo ubusanzwe Imana mu Isezerano rya Kera yarobanuriraga abagabo umurimo w’ubuyobozi, hari igihe na none yatoranyaga abagore.

Hanyuma kandi, urabona ko muri izo ngero zigaragara cyane uko ari eshatu z’abakozi b’Imana b’abagore, bari abahanuzikazi. Hari imirimo imwe mu Isezerano rya Kera abagore batahamagarirwaga. Urugero, nta mugore wahamagarirwaga kuba umutambyi. Nuko rero hari imirimo imwe n’imwe Imana yahariraga abagabo gusa.

Abagore mu Murimo w’Imana mu Isezerano Rishya

(Women in Ministry in the New Testament)

Ikintu gishimishije ni uko na none tubona mu Isezerano Rishya, umugore wahamagawe n’Imana kuba umuhanuzikazi. Igihe Yesu yari akiri agahinja k’iminsi micye, Ana yaramumenye atangira kwamamaza ko ari we Mesiya:

Hariho n’umuhanuzikazi witwaga Ana, mwene Fanuweli wo mu muryango wa Asheri, yari umukecuru wa kera. Amaze gushyingirwa yamaranye n’umugabo we imyaka irindwi, noneho amara imyaka mirongo inani n’ine ari umupfakazi. Yahoraga mu rusengero aramya Imana, yiyiriza ubusa, asenga ku manywa na nijoro. Muri uwo mwanya na we araza ashima Imana, avuga ibya Yesu abibwira bose abari bategereje gucungurwa kw’i Yerusalemu (Luka 2:36-38).

Urabona ko Ana yavuze ibya Yesu abibwira bose “abari bategereje gucungurwa kw’i Yerusalemu.” Birumvikana ko n’abagabo barimo. Ubwo rero umuntu ashobora kuvuga ko Ana yariho yigisha abagabo ibya Kristo.

Hari abandi bagore mu Isezerano Rishya Imana yakoresheje mu mpano y’ubuhanuzi. Mariya nyina wa Yesu na we nta gushidikanya ko ari muri abo (reba Luka 1:46-55). Igihe cyose amagambo y’ubuhanuzi amagambo y’ubuhanuzi ya Mariya asomewe mu iteraniro mu rusengero, umuntu ashobora kuvuga ko ari umugore uriho yigisha itorero. (Kandi ku buryo budasubirwaho Imana yahaye icyubahiro umugore mu kohereza Umwana wayo mu isi aciye mu mugore, kandi yashoboraga kubikora mu zindi nzira nyinshi.)

Urutonde rurakomeza. Imana yari yaravugiye mu kanwa k’umuhanuzi Yoweli ko igihe Imana izasuka Umwuka wayo, abahungu n’abakobwa ba Isirayeli bazahanura (reba Yoweli 2:28). Petero yahamije ko ubuhanuzi bwa Yoweli bwavugaga ku Isezerano Rishya (reba Ibyak 2:17).

Mu gitabo cy’Ibyak 21:8-9 tubwirwa ko umuvugabutumwa Filipo yari afite abakobwa bane b’abahanuzikazi.

Pawulo yanditse ku by’abagore bahanura mu materaniro y’itorero (reba 1 Kor. 11:5). Biragaragara neza iyo usomye icyo gice ko habaga hari abagabo.

Hamwe n’izo ngero zose z’Ibyanditswe z’abagore bakoreshwa n’Imana nk’abahanuzikazi kandi ikabakoresha mu guhanura, nta mpamvu n’imwe rwose twaba tugifite yo kurwanya igitekerezo cy’uko Imana ishobora gukoresha abagore muri bene iyo mirimo! Byongeye kandi, nta kintu na kimwe cyatuma tuvuga ko abagore batahanurira abagabo mu izina ry’Uwiteka.

Abapastori b’Abagore?

(Women as Pastors?)

Tuvuge iki ku bagore bakora umurimo w’ubushumba? Biragaragara neza ko umurimo wo kuba pastori/umukuru w’itorero/umwepiskopi Imana yawuteganirije abagabo:

Iri jambo ni iryo kwizerwa ngo: umuntu (umugabo) nashaka kuba umwepisikopi, aba yifuje umurimo mwiza. Nuko umwepisikopi akwiriye kuba inyangamugayo, no kuba umugabo w’umugore umwe (1 Tim. 3:1-2).

Icyatumye ngusiga i Kirete ni ukugira ngo utunganye ibyasigaye bidatunganye, kandi ngo ushyire abakuru b’Itorero mu midugudu yose nk’uko nagutegetse. Ibyo ni ukuvuga abagabo batariho umugayo bafite umugore umwe (Tito 1:5-6).

Pawulo ntiyerura ngo avuge ko bibujijwe ko abagore bakora uwo murimo, ubwo rero natwe twabyitondamo ntidufate umwanzuro wa burundu ko bitemewe rwose. Biragaragara ko hari abapastori benshi/abakuru b’Itorero/ abepisikopi b’abagore hirya no hino mu isi muri iki gihe kandi bakora umurimo wabo neza cyane, by’umwihariko mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, ariko baracyari bacye cyane bikabije. Ahari wenda rimwe na rimwe Imana ijya ihamagara abagore kuri uyu murimo ku bw’impamvu z’ubwenge bw’ubwami bwayo cyangwa se igihe abagabo bujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bakore umurimo w’ubuyobozi babuze. Biranashoboka ko abapastori benshi b’abagore baboneka mu mubiri wa Kristo muri iki gihe baba mu by’ukuri barahamagariwe indi mirimo Bibiliya yemerera abagore, nk’umurimo w’ubuhanuzi, ariko imiterere y’Itorero muri iki gihe ikaba ituma bakora umurimo wabo ari uko gusa babaye abapastori.

Kuki intebe ya pastori/umukuru w’Itorero/umwepisikopi yagenewe abagabo? Gusobanukirwa imikorere y’uwo muhamagaro byadufasha gusobanukirwa. Kimwe mu bisabwa ku mupastori /umukuru w’Itorero/umwepisikopi ni uko,

Agomba kuba ategeka neza abo mu rugo rwe, agatera abana be kumvira no kubaha rwose (Mbese utazi gutegeka abo mu rugo rwe yabasha ate kurinda Itorero ry’Imana?)” (1 Tim. 3:4-5).

Ibi bintu bisabwa bituma bisobanuka neza kumenya ko umukuru w’Itorero wo mu Isezerano Rishya yabaga ashinzwe Itorero ryo mu rugo rito. Umurimo we wabaga umeze nk’uwa se w’abana uko ayobora urugo rwe. Ibi bidufasha kumva impamvu umurimo w’ubushumba wakagombye gukorwa n’umugabo–kuko bifitanye isano cyane n’imiterere y’umuryango kuko, iyo uhuje n’uko Imana yawugambiriye, wakagombye kuyoborwa n’umugabo mu rugo, ntabwo ari umugore. Turaza kubikomeza hanyuma.

Intumwa z’Abagore?

(Women as Apostles?)

Twabonye ko abagore bashobora kuzuza neza inshingano zo kuba abahanuzikazi (niba barahamagawe n’Imana). Bimeze bite ku bundi bwoko bw’imirimo? Gusoma intashyo za Pawulo ziri mu Abaroma 16 aho ashima abagore bamwe bakoze umurimo w’Imana bitangira ubwami bw’Imana biratumurikira mu gusobanukirwa. Hari n’ushobora kuba yarashyizwe ku rutonde nk’intumwa. Mu mirongo y’Ibyanditswe bikurikira bitatu, nanditse n’utunyuguti duto tuberamye amazina yose y’abagore:

Mbashimiye Foyibe mushiki wacu ari we mudiyakonikazi w’Itorero ry’I Kenkireya, ngo mumwakire kubw’Umwami wacu nk’uko bikwiriye abera, kandi mumufashe mu byo azabashakaho byose, kuko na we yafashije benshi barimo jye (Rom 16:1-2).

Mbega gutangira umuntu ubuhamya! Ntabwo tuzi neza umurimo Foyibe yakoraga, ariko Pawulo amwita “umukozi mu Itorero ry’i Kenkireya” kandi ati”uwafashije benshi,” na we arimo. Ibyo yakoreraga Umwami byose, bigomba kuba byari bikomeye kugeza ubwo Pawulo yandika urwandiko rwo kumutangira ubuhamya ku Itorero ry’i Roma ryose.

Ubukurikiraho turasoma ibya Purisika (Purisikila), we n’umugabo we Akwila, bakoraga umurimo ukomeye ku buryo ab’amatorero y’abanyamahanga bose babashimaga:

Muntahirize Purisikila na Akwila bakoranye nanjye muri Kristo Yesu, kandi bemeye gutanga imitwe yabo gucibwa kugira ngo bankize. Si jye jyenyine ubashima, ahubwo n’amatorero yo mu banyamahanga yose arabashima. Muntahirize Itorero ryo mu rugo rwabo, muntahirize na Epayineto uwo nkunda, ari we muganura w’abo muri Asiya bahindukiriye Kristo. Muntahirize Mariya wabakoreye cyane. Muntahirize na Andironiko na Yuniya [nk’uko Bibiliya KJV imwita ryaba ari izina ry’igitsina gore, naho Yuniyasi ni iry’igitsina gabo]dusangiye ubwoko, bari babohanywe nanjye ari ibirangirire mu ntumwa. Ni bo bambanjirije muri Kristo (Rom. 16:3-7).

Ku byerekeye Juniyasi, byaba bifite ishingiro umuntu avuze umuntu wari “ikirangirire mu ntumwa” na we nta kabuza yari intumwa. Niba abasobanuye bavuga Juniya barasobanuye neza, ubwo rero yari intumwa y’umugore. Purisikila na Mariya bari abakozi b’Umwami.

Muntahirize Ampuliyato uwo nkunda mu Mwami wacu. Muntahirize Urubano ukorana natwe muri Kristo, na Sitaku uwo nkunda. Muntahirize Apele wemewe muri Kristo. Muntahirize abo mu bo kwa Arisitobulo. Muntahirize Herodiyoni dusangiye ubwoko. Muntahirize abo mu bo kwa Narukiso bari mu Mwami wacu. Muntahirize Tirufayina na Tirufosa bakorera mu Mwami wacu. Muntahirize Perusi ukundwa, wakoreye mu Mwami cyane. Muntahirize Rufo watoranijwe mu Mwami, na nyina ni nka mama. Muntahirize Asunkirito na Fulegoni, na Herume na Petiroba, na Heruma na bene Data bari hamwe na bo. Muntahirize Filologo na Yuliya, na Neru na mushiki we, na Olumpa n’abera bose bari hamwe na bo. (Rom. 16:8-15).

Biragaragara neza ko abagore bashobora kuba “abakozi” mu murimo w’Imana.

Abigisha b’Abagore?

(Women as Teachers?)

Iby’abigisha b’abagore byo bimeze bite? Isezerano Rishya ntirivuga n’umwe. Ariko nyine nta n’umugabo uvugwa mu Isezerano Rishya wahamagariwe umurimo w’ubwigisha. Purisikila (umaze kuvugwa haruguru uzwi kandi ku izina rya Purisika), umugore wa Akwila, yajyaga yigisha ku rwego rworoheje. Urugero, igihe we n’umugabo we Akwila bumvaga ko Apolo agenda abwiriza ubutumwa ariko butuzuye neza muri Efeso, “Bamujyana iwabo, bamusobanurira inzira y’Imana kugira ngo arusheho kuyimenya neza” (Ibyak 18:26). Ntawajya impaka z’uko Purisikila yafashije umugabo we kwigisha Apolo, umugabo. Ikigeretseho kandi, Pawulo avuga Purisikila na Akwila incuro ebyiri mu Byanditswe igihe yandika ku “Itorero ryo mu rugo rwabo” (reba Rom. 16:3-5; 1 Kor. 16:19), kandi bombi abita “abakozi bagenzi be muri Kristo” mu Abaroma 16:3. Ntidushidikanya cyane ko Purisikila yari yafatanyaga n’umugabo we gukora umurimo w’Imana.

Igihe Yesu Yatumaga Abagore Kujya Kwigisha Abagabo

(When Jesus Commanded Women to Teach Men)

Mbere y’uko tuvuga ku magambo ya Pawulo ku byerekeye guceceka kw’abagore mu materaniro y’Itorero no kubuza abagore kwe ngo ntibakigishe abagabo, reka turebe ikindi Cyanditswe kiza kudufasha kubihuza neza.

Yesu amaze kuzuka, marayika yatumye abagore batatu nibura kujya kwigiisha abigishwa ba Yesu b’abagabo. Abo bagore batumwe kujya kubwira abigishwa ko Yesu yazutse kandi ko ari bubiyereke i Galilaya. Ariko si ibyo gusa. Nyuma yaho gato, Yesu ubwe yiyeretse ba bagore abategeka kujya kubwira abigishwa ngo bajye I Galilaya (reba Mat 28:1-10; Mar 16:1-7).

Ubwa mbere, ndibwira ko bifite icyo bivuze kuba Yesu yarabanje kwiyereka abagore hanyuma akabona kwiyereka abagabo. Ubwa kabiri, niba ari ikosa mu buryo bw’imyizerere cyangwa ubw’imyifatire ko umugore yigisha abagabo, umuntu yavuga ko Yesu atari kuba yarohereje abagore kujya kwigisha abagabo ibyo kuzuka kwe, ntabwo ari ukujya kubibamenyesha gusa, ibyo ni ibintu bito cyane yashoboraga no kubibimenyeshereza ubwe (kandi koko yaje kubikora). Nta muntu wajya impaka kuri ibi: Umwami Yesu yabwiye abagore kujya kwigisha abagabo ihame rikomeye no kubaha amabwiriza amwe y’umwuka.

Ibice by’Ibyanditswe Byabaye Ikibazo

(The Problem Passages)

Noneho ubwo hari ubumenyi dufite ku byo Bibiliya ivuga ku nshingano z’abagore mu murimo w’Imana, dushobora kurushaho gusobanura “ibice byabaye ikibazo” mu nyandiko za Pawulo. Reka tubanze turebe amagambo ye ku byerekeye abagore gucecekera mu materaniro:

Abagore nibacecekere mu materaniro, kuko batemererwa kuvuga, ahubwo baganduke nk’uko amategeko na yo avuga. Kandi nibagira icyo bashaka kumenya babibarize abagabo babo imuhira, kuko biteye isoni ko umugore avugira mu iteraniro (1 Kor. 14:34-35).

Bamwe bibaza, ku bw’impamvu nyinshi zikomatanije, niba koko aya ari amabwiriza ya Pawulo cyangwa niba yarasubiragamo gusa ibyo Abakorinto bari bamwandikiye. Biragaragara neza mu gice cya kabiri cy’uru rwandiko, ko Pawulo yasubizaga ibibazo Abakorinto bari bamubajije mu rwandiko bari bohereje (reba 1 Kor. 7:1, 25; 8:1; 12:1; 16:1, 12).

Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, mu murongo ukurikiraho, Pawulo yandika icyo umuntu yavuga ko ari ibyo atekereza kuri ayo mategeko akaze y’Abakorinto yo gucecekesha abagore mu materaniro:

Mbese kuri mwe ni ho ijambo ry’Imana ryaturutse? Cyangwa ryageze kuri mwe mwenyine? (1 Kor. 14:36).

Bibiliya yitirirwa King James isobanura uyu murongo mu buryo wumva ko Pawulo ndetse atangazwa n’iyo myitwarire y’Abakorinto:

Ngo iki? Ijambo ry’Imana se ryaturutse kuri mwe? Cyangwa ryaje kuri mwe gusa? (1 Kor. 14:36).

Uko biri kose, Pawulo biragaragara ko abaza ibibazo bibiri byo kubaza ibyo azi, ashaka gusa gusobanura neza. Igisubizo kuri ibyo bibazo byombi ni Oya. Abakorinto si bo ijambo ry’Imana ryaturutseho, nta n’ubwo ari bo bonyine ryagejejweho. Ibibazo bya Pawulo biragaragara ko ari ibyari bigamije gucyaha ubwibone bwabo. Niba ibi ari byo atekereza ku mirongo ya mbere ibanjirije ibyo bibazo, kwari nko kubabwira ngo, “Mwibwira ko muri ba nde? Kuva ryari mwahawe ububasha bwo kugena uwo Imana igomba gukoresha mu kuvuga ijambo ryayo n’uwo itagomba gukoresha? Imana ishatse yakoresha abagore, muri abapfu kubona mubacecekesha.”

Iyi nsobanuro wumva ifite ishingiro iyo wibutse ko Pawulo, muri uru rwandiko nyine, yari yamaze kwandika avuga uburyo bwiza abagore bakwiriye gukurikiza bahanura mu materaniro (reba 1 Kor. 11:5), ibyo ni ibintu bitabasaba guceceka. Byongeye kandi, nyuma y’imirongo mike gusa uvuye kuri iyi twigaho, Pawulo ahamagarira Abakorinto bose,[2] n’abagore barimo “kwifuza cyane impano y’ubuhanuzi” (1 Kor. 14:39). Yaba rero yivuguruje cyane niba koko yari yashyizeho itegeko ritegeka abagore gucecekera mu materaniro muri 14:34-35.

Ubundi buryo bushoboka

(Other Possibilities)

Ariko reka tube dufashe ko amagambo ari mu 1 Abakorinto 14:34-35 yavuzwe na Pawulo koko, ategeka abagore guceceka. Twasobanura dute noneho ibyo avuga?

Na none twakwibaza impamvu Pawulo yategetse ko abagore bacecekera mu materaniro mu gihe yavuze muri urwo rwandiko nyine ko bashobora gusenga no guhanura mu materaniro.

Ikindi kandi, Pawulo yari azi ha handi hose twamaze kubona muri Bibiliya havuga uko Imana yakoresheje abagore mu kuvuga ijambo ryayo mu ruhame, kandi babwira abagabo. Ni mpamvu ki yari gucecekesha abo Imana yari yaragiye kenshi isiga amavuta ngo bavuge?

Rwose ku muntu utekereza neza wese arumva ko Pawulo atashoboraga kuvuga ko abagore bagomba guceceka rwose buri gihe cyose itorero riteranye. Wibuke ko itorero rya mbere ryateraniraga mu Ngo kandi bagasangira ibyo kurya. Tuvuge se ko abagore bacecekaga rwose ntibagire akajambo na kamwe bavuga kuva binjiye mu nzu kugeza batashye? Ko batavugaga bategura amafunguro cyangwa igihe basangira? Ko ntacyo babwiraga abana babo kumara icyo gihe cyose bahamaraga? Igitekerezo nk’icyo cyaba ari ubupfapfa.

Niba aho “babiri cyangwa batatu bateraniye” mu izina rya Yesu aba ari hagati yabo (reba Mat 18:20), kandi iryo ni iteraniro ry’itorero, noneho se ubwo aho abagore babiri cyangwa batatu bateraniye mu izina rya Yesu, ntibagomba kuvugana?

Oya, niba 1 Abakorinto 14:34-35 ari amabwirizwa ya Pawulo koko, yakemuraga gusa akabazo gato kajyanye na gahunda mu matorero. Abagore bamwe ntibagiraga gahunda mu buryo babazamo ibibazo. Pawulo ntiyavugaga ko abagore bagomba guceceka rwose kumara igihe cyose cy’amateraniro, nk’uko atavugaga ko abahanuzi bagomba guceceka rwose kugeza igihe amateraniro arangiriye, ubwo yahaga abahanuzi amabwiriza asa n’ayo mu mirongo mike mbere y’uko avuga ku bagore:

Ariko undi [muhanuzi] wicaye nashoka ahishurirwa, uwabanje ahore (1Kor. 14:30).

Ahangaha, ijambo “ahore” risobanura “kuba aretse kuvuga.”

Pawulo na none yabwiye abavuga mu ndimi guceceka igihe nta muntu wo gusobanura izo ndimi uri mu iteraniro:

Ariko nihaba hatariho usobanura, uvuga ururimi nacecekere mu iteraniro; yibwire kandi abwire Imana mu mutima we (1 Kor. 14:28).

Mbese Pawulo yabwiraga bene abo guceceka rwose kumara igihe cyose cy’amateraniro? Oya, yababwiraga gusa guceceka bakareka kuvuga mu ndimi igihe hatariho usobanura. Urabona ko Pawulo yababwiye “gucecekera mu iteraniro,” ari na yo mabwiriza yahaye abagore mu 1 Kor. 14:34-35. None se kuki twasobanura amagambo ya Pawulo yavuze abwira abagore tukavuga ko yavugaga ko “bagomba guceceka kugeza amateraniro arangiye,” ariko tugasobanura amagambo ye yavuze abwira abatubahiriza gahunda mu kuvuga mu ndimi ko yavugaga ko ari “ukuba baretse kuvuga mu bihe runaka by’amateraniro”?

Hanyuma kandi, umenye ko Pawulo atabwiraga abagore bose muri ibi Byanditswe twigaho. Amagambo ye arebana gusa n’abagore bafite abagabo, kuko bahugurirwa “kubaza abagabo babo imuhira” niba hari ibyo bashaka kubaza.[3] Wenda kimwe mu byateraga ibibazo ni uko abagore bafite abagabo babazaga ibibazo abandi bagabo baciye ku bagabo babo bari kumwe. Ibintu nk’ibyo bishobora kutagaragara neza, ndetse bishobora no kugaragaza ko nta cyubahiro umugore afitiye umugabo we kandi ko atamugandukira. Niba icyo ari cyo kibazo Pawulo yakemuraga, yaba ari yo mpamvu yashingiraga impuguro ye kuri icyo kintu cy’uko abagore bagomba kuganduka (birumvikana ko ari ukugandukira abagabo babo) nk’uko Amategeko abigaragaza mu buryo bwinshi uhereye ku mpapuro zibanza z’igitabo cy’Itangiriro (reba 1 Kor. 14:34).

Muri make, niba koko Pawulo atanga amabwiriza yerekeye guceceka kw’abagore mu 1 Abakorinto 14:34-35, arabwira abagore bafite abagabo guceceka bakareka kubaza ibibazo mu gihe kidakwiye cyangwa mu buryo budahesheje abagabo babo icyubahiro. Naho ubundi bashobora guhanura, gusenga no kuvuga.

Ibindi Byanditswe Byabaye ikibazo

(The Other Problem Passage)

Turebe ubwanyuma, ikindi gice cy’ “Ibyanditswe byabaye ikibazo,” kiri mu rwandiko rwa mbere Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo:

Umugore yigane ituza aganduke rwose, kuko nanga ko umugore yigisha cyangwa ngo ategeke umugabo, ahubwo agire ituza kuko Adamu ari we wabanje kuremwa nyuma hagakurikiraho Eva. Kandi Adamu si we wayobejwe, ahubwo umugore ni we wayobejwe rwose ahinduka umunyabicumuro (1 Tim. 2:11-14).

Nta gushidikanya Pawulo yari azi Miriyamu, Debora, Hulida na Ana, abahanuzikazi bane bavugishijwe n’Imana babwira abagabo n’abagore, bakabigisha neza babasobanurira ubushake bw’Imana. Kandi rwose yari azi ko Debora, wabaye umucamanza wa Isirayeli, yagize ububasha bwo gutegeka abagabo n’abagore ku rwego runaka. Ntidushidikanya ko yari azi neza ko ku munsi wa Pentekote Imana yasutse Umwuka wayo, igasohoza bumwe mu buhanuzi bwa Yoweli bw’iminsi y’imperuka ubwo Imana izasuka Umwuka wayo ku bafite umubiri bose abahungu n’abakobwa bagahanura ijambo ry’Imana. Yari azi neza ko hari abagore Yesu yatumye kumuhera ubutumwa intumwa ze z’abagabo. Yari azi kandi amagambo yivugiye ubwe umuntu yavuga ko yemereraga abagore gusenga no guhanura mu materaniro igihe yatangaga umurongo w’uburyo bagomba kubikoramo. Nta gushidikanya ko yibukaga amagambo yabwiye Abakorinto abawira ko buri wese muri bo ashobora guhabwa n’Umwuka Wera ijambo ryo kwigisha abandi (reba 1 Kor. 14:26). None se ni iki yashakaga kubwira Timoteyo amwandikira aya magambo?

Urabona ko Pawulo mu mabwiriza atanga ashingira ku bintu bibiri bifitanye isano byo mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro: (1) Adamu yaremwe mbere ya Eva kandi (2) Eva ni we wayobejwe hanyuma aracumura , ntabwo ari Adamu. Icya mbere kerekana isano nyayo iri hagati y’umugabo n’umugore we. Nk’uko tubyigishwa na gahunda y’iremwa, umugabo ni we ugomba kuba umutwe, kandi ibyo Pawulo hari n’ahandi abyigisha (reba 1 Kor. 11:3; Ef 5:23-24).

Icya kabiri Pawulo avuga ntabwo ari ikigamije kumvikanisha ko abagore bayobywa kurusha abagabo, kuko atari ko bimeze. Mu by’ukuri ahubwo kuko hari abagore benshi kurusha abagabo mu mubiri wa Kristo, umuntu yanavuga ko abagabo ari bo bashobora kuba bayobywa kurusha abagore. Ahubwo icyo kindi cya kabiri yavuze cyerekana ko iyo gahunda Imana yari yagambiriye mu muryango idakurikijwe, Satani abona aho yinjirira. Ibibazo kiremwa muntu byatangiriye mu ngobyi ya Edeni igihe imibanire hagati y’umugabo n’umugore we yataga umurongo–Umugore w’Adamu ntiyamugandukiye. Adamu agomba kuba yarabwiye umugore we amabwiriza Imana yabahaye ku giti babujijwe gusoromaho imbuto (reba Itang 2:16-17; 3:2-3). Ariko umugore ntiyubahirije amabwiriza. Mu buryo runaka ndetse hari ubutware yagize ku mugabo we asa n’umutegeka kurya imbuto babujijwe (reba Itang 3:6). Ntabwo aho ari Adamu wari uyoboye Eva; Eva ni we wari uyoboye Adamu. Icyavuye muri ibyo ni amakuba.

Itorero–Urugero rw’Umuryango

(The Church–A Model of the Family)

Gahunda Imana yashatse ko ikurikizwa mu muryango Itorero ni ryo ryakagombye rwose kuyerekana. Nk’uko nabivuze mbere, ni ngombwa gukomeza kwibuka ko mu myaka maganatatu ya mbere y’amateka y’Itorero, amateraniro y’itorero babaga aria bantu bake. Bateraniraga mu Ngo/mu mazu. Pastori/umukuru w’Itorero/abepisikopi bari nka ba se b’abana/abapapa mu rugo. Iyi miterere y’itorero ivuye ku Mana yasaga cyane n’imiterere y’umuryango, kandi mu by’ukuri wari umuryango w’umwuka ku buryo uramutse uyobowe n’umugore byari gutanga ubutumwa butari bwo ari ku miryango igize iryo torero ari no ku yindi miryango hanze y’Itorero. Tekereza umupastori/umukuru w’itorero/umwepiskopi w’umugore ahora yigisha mu itorero ryo mu rugo, umugabo we yicaye aho atuje yubashye, ateze amatwi inyigisho z’umugore we aciye bugufi munsi y’ubutware bwe. Ibyo byari kuba birwanya gahunda y’Imana mu muryango, kandi urwo ni urugero rubi rwari kuba rutanzwe.

Icyo ni cyo amagambo ya Pawulo akosora. Urabona ko aya magambo akurikiranye cyane n’aho yavugaga ibyangombwa umukuru w’itorero agomba kuba yujuje (reba 1 Tim. 3:1-7), kandi kimwe muri ibyo byangombwa ni uko umuntu agomba kuba ari umugabo. Kandi umuntu agomba no kumenya ko abakuru b’Itorero bagombaga guhora bigisha mu itorero (reba 1 Tim. 5:17). Amagambo ya Pawulo rero ku bijyanye n’abagore gutega amatwi batuje kandi ko batemerewe kwigisha no gutegeka abagabo ni amagambo ajyanye na gahunda nyayo ikwiriye kuba mu itorero. Ibyo avuga ko bidakwiriye ni umugore kuba umukuru w’itorero/pastori/cyangwa umwepisikopi.

Ibi ntabwo bivuga ko umugore, igihe abikoreye munsi y’ubutware bw’umugabo we, adashobora gusenga, guhanura, guhabwa ijambo n’Umwuka Wera ngo aribwire itorero, cyangwa ngo avuge muri rusange mu materaniro. Ibi byose ashobora kubikora mu itorero kandi adahungabanyije gahunda Imana yagennye, nk’uko ashobora kubikora mu rugo kandi ntahungabanye gahunda Imana yagambiriye. Ibyo yabujijwe gukora mu itorero ntaho bitaniye urebye n’ibyo yabujijwe gukora mu rugo–gutegeka/kugira ubutware ku mugabo we.

Hanyuma tunabona mu mirongo ikurikiraho ko abagore bashobora gukora umurimo w’ubudiyakoni nk’abagabo (reba 1 Tim. 3:12). Gukora umurimo w’ubudiyakoni, cyangwa kuba umugaragu/umuja nk’uko iryo jambo risobanura koko, ntibisaba kwica gahunda Imana yashyizeho hagati y’umugabo n’umugore.

Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine mbona bwo guhuza amagambo ya Pawulo ari muri 1 Timoteyo 2:11-14 n’icyo ibindi Byanditswe bivuga. Ahandi twagiye tureba muri Bibiliya havuga ku bagore mu murimo w’Imana ntahagaragara nk’ikitegererezo cy’umuryango nk’uko itorero ryo riri, kandi ku bw’ibyo ntahandi hagaragara ko gahunda y’Imana ku muryango yahungabanye. Nta nahamwe dusanga urugero rubi rw’abagore bategeka abagabo babo mu mikorere y’umuryango. Na none wongere utekereze itaraniro imiryango itandukanye yahuriyemo maze umugore muri urwo rugo akaba ari we muyobozi, yigisha, ahagarikiye gahunda zose mu gihe umugabo we nyirurugo yicaye aho ateze amatwi yicishije bugufi munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’umugore we. Ibi si byo Imana ishaka, kuko birwanya gahunda yayo ku muryango.

Nyamara Debora kuba umucamanza muri Isirayeli, Ana kubwira abagabo ibya Kristo, Mariya na bagenzi be kujya kubwira intumwa ibyo kuzuka kwa Kristo, nta na kimwe muri ibi gitanga ubutumwa butari bwo cyangwa kigaragara nk’urugero rubi rwa gahunda y’Imana ku bumwe bw’umuryango. Amateraniro asanzwe y’itorero ni imikorere ishobora kubamo akaga ko gutanga ubutumwa bubi igihe abagore ari bo bafite ubutware ku bagabo babo.

Umwanzuro

(In Conclusion)

Iyo twibajije iki kibazo gusa tuti, “Ni makosa ki akomeye abagore gukora umurimo w’Imana, bagafasha abandi babikuye ku mutima w’imbabazi kandi bakoresha impano bahawe n’Imana? Mbese ni uwuhe muco mwiza cyangwa ikinyabupfura byaba byishe?” Duhita tubona ko ihame rimwe gusa ryapfa, byaba igihe gusa uko gukora umurimo w’Imana k’umugore byaba bihungabanya gahunda Imana yashatse mu muryango ku mibanire hagati y’umugabo n’umugore. Muri bya bice byombi by'”Ibyanditswe byabaye ikibazo” turiho twigaho, Pawulo impungenge ze zishingiye ku kuba gahunda y’Imana ku muryango yahungabana.

Nuko rero tubona ko abagore hari ibyo babujijwe mu murimo w’Imana ariko mu buryo budahambaye. Mu bundi buryo bwinshi, Imana ikeneye gukoresha abagore ku bw’icyubahiro cyayo, kandi yakomeje kubikora kuva imyaka ibihumbi. Bibiliya ivuga ahantu henshi abagore bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere ubwami bw’Imana, kandi hamwe twamaze kuhabona. Reka twe kwibagirwa ko bamwe mu ncuti z’inkoramutima za Yesu bari abagore (reba Yohana 11:5), kandi ko abagore babaye abaterankunga b’umurimo (reba Luka 8:1-3), kandi nta mugabo tubona ko yateye inkunga mu buryo bw’umutungo umurimo wa Yesu. Wa mugore wo ku iriba ry’i Samariya yaragiye abwira abagabo bo mu mudugudu w’iwabo ibya Kristo kandi benshi baramwizera (reba Yohana 4:28-30, 39). Umugore w’umwigishwa witwaga Tabita avugwaho ko “yagiraga imirimo myiza myinshi n’ubuntu bwinshi” (Ibyak 9:36). Umugore ni we wasize Yesu amavuta amutegurira guhambwa, kandi igihe abagabo bamwe bamwitotomberaga Yesu yaramushyigikiye amutangira ubuhamya (reba Mariko 14:3-9). Hanyuma ndetse, Bibiliya ivuga ko abagore ari bo baririye Yesu igihe yari ahetse umusaraba agwa abyuka mu mihanda y’i Yerusalemu, ariko nta mugabo n’umwe twumva ko yamuririye. Izi ngero n’izindi nyinshi nka zo zikwiye gutera ishyaka abagore bagahaguruka bagasohoza imirimo Imana yabahamagariye. Turabakeneye bose!

[1] Ikindi twavuga kandi ni uko buri mugabo wese kuva aho Imana imariye kurema Adamu nyuma Imana yaremye umugore ngo abyare umugabo. Buri mugabo wese nyuma ya Adamu akomoka ku mugore, nk’uko Pawulo abitwibutsa mu 1 Abakorinto 11:11-12. Mu by’ukuri ntawavuga ko ubu buryo bw’Imana mu gukurikiranya ibintu busobanura ko abagabo bari hasi ya ba nyina bababyara.

[2] Iyo mpuguro ya Pawulo yari ayigeneye “bene Data,” ijambo akoresha incuro 27 muri uru rwandiko, kandi rivuga mu buryo busobanutse neza Abakristo bose b’i Korinto, ntabwo ari abagabo gusa.

[3] Twibuke ko mu Kigiriki cy’umwimerere, nta magambo yabagaho atandukanya umugore muri rusange nk’igitsina gore n’umugore bivuga umugore ufite umugabo cyangwa umugabo muri rusange n’umugabo bivuga umugabo ufite umugore Nuko rero bisaba kureba muri rusange rw’inkuru icyo umwanditsi yashakaga kuvuga niba ari abagore n’abagabo muri rusange cyangwa niba ari abagore n’abagabo bishatse kuvuga abafite abo bashakanye. Muri ibi Byanditswe twarebaga, Pawulo arabwira abagore bafite abagabo, akababwira ko bagomba kubariza abagabo babo imuhira.

Ikibazo cyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka ni cyo kigibwaho impaka cyane mu Bakristo bataryarya. Ibibazo bibiri bikomeye ni byo bishingirwaho muri izo mpaka: (1) Ni ryari, niba hari na rimwe bishoboka, gutandukana kw’abashakanye byaba byemewe imbere y’amaso y’Imana? kandi (2) Ni ryari, niba hari na rimwe bishoboka, kongera gushaka byaba byemewe imbere y’amaso y’Imana? Amatorero n’amadini atandukanye afite imyizerere yayo ku byemewe n’ibitemewe, bashingiye ku buryo bwabo basobanuramo Ibyanditswe. Tugomba kububahira bose ko bafite ibyo bizera kandi bakabigenderamo–niba uko kwizera kwabo kuba guturuka ku rukundo bakunda Imana. Ariko byaba byiza cyane kurushaho, twese turamutse dufite imyizerere ihamanya na Bibiliya 100%. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa ntakwiriye kwigisha ibintu bidahamanya n’ubushake bw’Imana. Kandi nta n’ubwo akwiriye kugereka abantu ho imitwaro Imana itabageretseho. Hamwe n’iyo ntego mu mutima wanjye, ngiye gukora uko nshoboye kugira ngo nsobanure ibyo Byanditswe bigibwaho impaka cyane, hanyuma ni ahawe ho kwemeranya nanjye cyangwa ntitwemeranye.

Reka mbanze nkubwire ko nanjye, kimwe na we, mbabajwe cyane n’umubare munini cyane w’ingo zisenyuka, abashakanye batandukana muri iki gihe mu isi yose. Ikibabaje cyane kurushaho ni uko n’Abakristo ndetse n’abakozi b’Imana barimo gutandukana n’abo bashakanye. Ibi ni ibyago bikomeye. Dukwiye gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo dukumire ibyo bintu bidakomeza kwiyongera, kandi umuti wabyo ni ukubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza tugahamagarira abantu kwihana. Iyo abantu babiri bashakanye baravutse ubwa kabiri nyabyo kandi bombi bakaba bakurikiye Kristo, ntibigera batandukana. Umukozi w’Imana uhindura abantu abigishwa akora uko ashoboye kose kugira ngo urushako rwe rukomere rutanyeganyega, kuko azi neza ko urugero atanga ari bwo buryo bukomeye afite bwo kwigisha.

Reka na none nongereho ko nagize umugisha wo kugira urugo rwiza nkaba maranye imyaka irenga mirongo itatu n’uwo twashakanye, kandi nta bundi nari narigeze gushaka. Igitekerezo cyo gutandukana nticyaza mu bwenge bwanjye. Ubwo rero nta mpamvu yatuma nca ku ruhande ngo noroshye Ibyanditswe bikomeye byerekeye gutandukana kw’abashakanye ngo ahari wenda nishyirire aho nshaka. Ariko ngirira impuhwe cyane abantu batandukanye n’abo bashakanye, nsobanukirwa neza ko nanjye byashobokaga ko nahitamo nabi, nkiri umusore muto, ngashaka umugore uzatuma nyuma ngira ikigeragezo cyo gushaka gutandukana na we, cyangwa se ngashaka umugore utanyihanganira nk’uko umugore mwiza nashatse anyihanganira. Mu yandi magambo, nanjye nakabaye ubu naratandukanye n’uwo twashakanye, ariko si ko byagenze ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana. Ndibwira ko abubatse bose bashobora kwemeranya nanjye kuri ibyo; bityo rero tukaba tugomba kwifata ntitwihutire gutera amabuye abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye. Turi bande, twebwe ndetse tutita cyane no ku rushako rwacu, turi bande ngo ducire urubanza abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye, tutazi n’ibyo bashobora kuba baranyuzemo bikomeye? Imana yanashobora kubabaraho gukiranuka kuturusha, cyane cyane ko izi ko , iyo tuza guca mu byo baciyemo twe tuba twaratandukanye rugikubita.

Nta muntu n’umwe ushaka ateganya kuzasenya/kuzatandukana n’uwo ashatse, kandi sinibwira ko hari umuntu wanga ibyo gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye kurusha abo ibyo byago byabayeho. Nuko rero tugomba kugerageza gufasha abashakanye kugira ngo bagumane, no gufasha kandi abatandukanye kugira ngo bagere ku mahirwe Imana ibagenera. Ni uwo mutima nandikana ibi.

Ndakora uko nshoboye Ibyanditswe bisobanure ibindi Byanditswe. Nabonye ko imirongo ivuga kuri iki kibazo akenshi ikunda gusobanurwa mu buryo usanga ivuguruzanya n’ibindi Byanditswe, kandi icyo ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko iyo mirongo iba yumviswe nabi, wenda niba atari rwose ariko nibura igice.

Urufatiro

(A Foundation)

Reka tubanze dushyireho ihame ry’urufatiro dushobora twese kwemeranyaho. Tubanze twemeranye ko Ibyanditswe bihamya ko Imana yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye muri rusange. Igihe abagabo bamwe b’Abisirayeli basendaga abagore babo, Imana yavugiye mu muhanuzi wayo Malaki iti:

Kuko nanga gusenda…nanga n’umuntu utwikiriza urugomo umwambaro we ….Nuko rero murinde imitima yanyu mwe kuriganya (Mal. 2:16).

Ibi nta muntu n’umwe uzi urukundo rw’Imana no gukiranuka kwayo byatangaza, cyangwa se umuntu uzi uko gutandukana kw’abashakanye byangiza ubuzima bw’abagabo , abagore n’abana bo muri iyo miryango. Dushobora kwibaza ku mutima w’umuntu ushyigikira gutana kw’abashakanye muri rusange. Imana ni urukundo (reba 1 Yohana 4:8), kandi kubw’ibyo yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye.

Abafarisayo bamwe bigeze kubaza Yesu niba amategeko yemera ko umuntu asenda umugore we “kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose.” Uko yabasubije byerekana ko muri kamere ye yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Mu by’ukuri nta na rimwe yigeze yifuza ko hari abashakanye batandukana:

Abafarisayo baza aho ari baramugerageza, baramubaza bati, “Mbese amategeko yemera ko umuntu asenda umugore we amuhora ikintu cyose?” Na we arabasubiza ati, “Ntimwari mwasoma yuko Iyabaremye mbere yaremye umugabo n’umugore, ikababwira iti, ‘Ni cyo gituma umuntu azasiga se na nyina akabana n’umugore we akaramata, bombi bakaba umubiri umwe’? Bituma batakiri babiri, ahubwo babaye umubiri umwe. Nuko icyo Imana yateranije hamwe, umuntu ntakagitandukanye” (Mat 19:3-6).

Amateka atubwira ko mu gihe cya Yesu Abayuda barimo ibice bibiri bifite imyumvire itandukanye. Turi buze kureba neza iby’iyo myumvire yombi mu buryo bunonosoye, ariko reka tube tumenye ko igice kimwe cyari icy’abahagaze ku mahame y’amategeko, ikindi kikaba icy’ababifata uko babyumva biyorohereza. Abatsimbaraye ku mahame bizeraga ko umuntu yemerewe gusenda umugore we gusa igihe bitewe n’impamvu zikomeye zijyanye n’imyifatire. Abandi biyorohereza bo bakizera ko umuntu ashobora gusenda umugore we ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose, n’iyo byaba bitewe n’uko yabonye undi mugore mwiza kurusha uwo yari afite. Iyi myizerere ivuguruzanya ni yo yabaye impamvu yo kugira ngo Abafarisayo baze kubaza Yesu kiriya kibazo.

Yesu yavuze imirongo y’Ibyanditswe iboneka ku mpapuro zibanza z’igitabo cy’Itangiriro igaragaza ukuntu umugambi w’Imana mbere na mbere wari uwo guhuza abagabo n’abagore ubutazatandukana ukundi, ntabwo ari iby’igihe gito. Mose yavuze ko Imana yaremye ibitsina byombi ifite urugo/urushako mu bitekerezo byayo, kandi ko isano y’abashakanye izaba ikomeye ku buryo ari yo izaba iy’ibanze. Iyo sano iyo imaze kubaho iruta cyane isano umuntu afitanye n’ababyeyi be. Abagabo basiga ababyeyi babo bakabana n’abagore babo akaramata.

Byongeye kandi ubusabane mpuzabitsina hagati y’umugabo n’umugore we bugaragaza bwa bumwe bwabo bwashyizweho n’Imana. Mu buryo bugaragara, umubano nk’uwo, ukomokaho urubyaro, ntabwo Imana yawuteganirije kuba uw’igihe gito, ahubwo n’umubano uhoraho. Ndacyeka ko ijwi Yesu yavuganye asubiza Abafarisayo ryarimo gutangara cyane rigaragazaga ukuntu yumiwe kubona ikibazo nk’icyo kinabazwa. Rwose Imana ntiyigeze ntiyigeze ishaka ko abagabo basenda abagore babo “ku bw’impamvu iyo ari yo yose.”

Birumvikana, Imana ntiyigeze ishaka ko hari umuntu n’umwe wakora icyaha mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, ariko twese twaranze dukora ibyaha. Imana mu mbabazi zayo yashyizeho uburyo bwo kuducungura ikadukura mu bubāta bw’icyaha. Ikigeretseho kandi, hari ibintu ifite byo kutubwira nyuma y’aho dukoreye ibyo itigeze ishaka ko dukora. Ni muri ubwo buryo na none, Imana itigeze ishaka ko habaho gutandukana kw’abashakanye, ariko byaranze bibaho mu bantu batagandukiye Imana. Imana ntiyatunguwe igihe yabonaga abashakanye ba mbere batandukanye cyangwa abandi amamiliyoni bakurikiyeho batandukana. Kandi ntiyavuze gusa ukuntu yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye, ahubwo ifite n’ibyo ibabwira bamaze gutandukana.

Mbere na Mbere

(In the Beginning)

Tumaze gushyiraho uru rufatiro, dushobora noneho kureba neza icyo Imana ivuga ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye no ku byo kongera gushaka kwabo. Bitewe n’uko amagambo akunze kugibwaho impaka cyane ari ayo Yesu yavuze abwira Abisirayeli, byaba byiza tubanje kureba icyo Imana yari yarabivuzeho imyaka amagana mbere ibwira Abisirayeli ba mbere. Nidusanga ibyo Imana yavugiye muri Mose bivuguruzanya n’ibyo yavugiye muri Yesu, dushobora kwemeza ko wenda amategeko y’Imana yahindutse cyangwa se ko hari ibyo twumvise nabi mu byavuzwe na Mose cyangwa na Yesu. Reka rero tubanzirize ku byo Imana yahishuye ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka.

Namaze kuvuga ahantu mu Itangiriro 2, ukurikije uko Yesu yavuze, hafitanye isano n’ibyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Reka noneho tubisome uko byanditse mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro:

Urwo rubavu Uwiteka Imana yakuye muri uwo muntu, iruhindura umugore imushyira uwo muntu. Aravuga ati, “Uyu ni igufwa ryo mu magufwa yanjye, ni akara ko mu mara yanjye. Azitwa Umugore kuko yakuwe mu Mugabo.” Ni cyo gituma umuntu azasiga se na nyina, akabana n’umugore we akaramata, bombi bakaba umubiri umwe (Itang 2:22-24).

Ngaha aho gushyingirwa gukomoka. Imana yaremye umugore wa mbere imukuye mu mugabo wa mbere kandi imuremeye umugabo wa mbere, kandi ubwayo iramumushyira. Mu magambo ya Yesu yaravuze ati, “Nuko icyo Imana yateranyije [umugabo n’umugore] hamwe…” (Mat 19:6). Uru rugo/urushako rwa mbere rwashyizweho n’Imana ni rwo rwari ikitegererezo rw’izindi zose zizakurikira. Imana irema umubare w’abagabo ujya kungana n’uwabagore, kandi ibarema ku buryo umuntu akururwa n’uwo batandukanyije igitsina. Dushobora kuvuga rero ko Imana igitegura gushakana kw’abagabo n’abagore mu rwego rwo hejuru (nubwo ubu hari amahitamo menshi hagati y’abajya gushakana kurusha ayo Adamu na Eva bari bafite). Nk’uko Yesu rero yavuze, nta muntu ugomba gutandukanya icyo Imana yateranyije hamwe. Ntabwo Imana mu migambi yayo yashakaga ko abo bashakanye ba mbere baba ukubiri, ahubwo yashakaga ko babonera umugisha mu kubana buri wese akeneye undi. Kurenga ku bushake bw’Imana yerekanye ku mugaragaro byaba rero bibaye icyaha. Nuko rero uhereye ku gice cya kabiri cy’igitabo cya mbere cya Bibiliya, ni ikintu kigaragara ko gutandukana kw’abashakanye atari ubushake bw’Imana ku muntu n’umwe.

Amategeko y’Imana Yanditswe mu Mitima

(God’s Law Written in Hearts)

Ndashaka kuvuga kandi ko n’umuntu utarasoma igice cya kabiri cy’igitabo cy’Itangiriro muri we azi ko gutandukana kw’abashakanye ari bibi, kuko usanga mu mico y’ibihugu byinshi mu bantu batazi Imana batazi n’ibya Bibiliya mu masezerano yabo y’ubushyingirwe basezerana kuzabana kugeza gupfa. Nk’uko Pawulo yanditse mu rwandiko rwe yandikiye Abaroma:

Abapagani badafite amategeko y’Imana, iyo bakoze iby’amategeko ku bwabo baba bihīndukiye amategeko nubwo batayafite, bakagaragaza ko umurimo utegetswe n’amategeko wanditswe mu mitima yabo, ugahamywa n’imitima ihana ibabwiriza, igafatanya n’ibitekerezo byabo kubarega cyangwa se kubaregura (Rom. 2:14-15).

Amategeko y’Imana y’imyifatire yanditswe mu mutima wa buri muntu. Mu by’ukuri ayo mategeko agenga imyifatire avugira mu mutima uhana/umutima-nama ni yo mategeko yahaye buri wese, uretse Abisirayeli, uhereye kuri Adamu ukageza igihe cya Yesu. Umuntu wese utekereje gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye azasanga akirana n’umutima-nama we, kandi uburyo bumwe gusa buhari bwo kuwucecekesha ni ugushaka impamvu ifatika imutera gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye. If he proceeds with a divorce without a good justification, his conscience will condemn him, although he may well suppress it.

Uko tubizi, kumara ibisekuruza makumyabiri na birindwi byo kuva kuri Adamu kugeza Abisirayeli bahabwa na Mose amategeko nko mu mwaka w’ 1440 mbere y’ivuka rya Yesu, amategeko y’umutima uhana ni ryo hishurirwa Imana yahaga abantu gusa, n’Abisirayeli barimo, ku byerekeye ibyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka; Imana yabonaga ko ibyo bihagije. (Wibuke ko Itangiriro 2 kivuga ku nkuru y’iremwa kitanditswe mbere y’igihe cyo Kuva.) Umuntu rero yaba ashyize mu gaciro aramutse atekereje ko kumara ibyo bisekuruza byose uko ari makumyabiri na birindwi mbere y’amategeko ya Mose, harimo n’igihe cy’umwuzure wa Nowa, hari zimwe mu Ngo zasenyutse mu mamiliyoni y’abashakanye muri iyo myaka amagana. Kandi umuntu yaba ashyize mu gaciro yemeje ko Imana, itajya ihinduka na rimwe, yababariraga abumvaga batsinzwe n’urubanza rwo kuba ari bo babaye intandaro yo gutandukana n’abo bashakanye iyo babaga batuye kandi bakihana icyaha cyabo. Tuzi neza ko abantu bashoboraga gukizwa, cyangwa se bakagirwa abakiranutsi n’Imana, mbere y’uko amategeko ya Mose atangwa, nk’uko byagenze kuri Aburahamu, ku bwo kwizera kwe (reba Rom. 4:1-12). Niba abantu baragirwaga abakiranutsi ku bwo kwizera kwabo uhereye kuri Adamu kugeza kuri Mose, ni ukuvuga ngo bashoboraga kubabarirwa icyaha icyo ari cyo cyose, harimo n’icyaha cyo kuba ari bo baturutsweho no gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye. Bityo rero, dutangira gucukumbura iki kibazo cyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka, ndibaza: Mbese abantu bakoraga icyaha cyo kuba intandaro mu gutandukana n’abo bashakanye mbere y’amategeko ya Mose kandi bagahabwa imbabazi n’Imana, hanyuma bemezwaga n’umutima-nama wabo (kuko nta mategeko yanditswe yari yakabayeho) ko bazaba bakoze icyaha nibongera gushaka? Ni ikibazo gusa mbaza.

Hanyuma se byagendaga bite kuri abo b’inzirakarengane batabaga ari bo ba nyirabayazana b’icyo cyaha cyo gutandukana, abasendwaga nta cyaha bafite, ari ukubera gusa kwikunda kw’abo bashakanye? Mbese imitima-nama yabo yababuzaga kongera gushaka?Jye ndumva atari ko byari bimeze. Niba umugabo ataye umugore we ku bw’uko hari undi yabengutse, ni iki cyabuza uyu mugore watawe kwishakira undi mugabo? Yabaga yasenzwe nta cyaha afite.

Amategeko ya Mose

(The Law of Moses)

Ntabwo tubona aho gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka kwabo bivugwa neza tutaragera ku gitabo cya gatatu cya Bibiliya. Dusanga mu mategeko ya Mose ko byari bibujijwe ko umutambyi ashaka umugore watandukanye n’uwo bashakanye:

Ntibakarongore Malaya cyangwa uwanduye, kandi ntibagacyure uwasenzwe, kuko umutambyi ari uwera ku Mana ye (Lewi 21:7).

Ntahandi wabona mu mategeko ya Mose habuza rubanda rwose rw’abagabo b’Abisirayeli ibyo bibujijwe abatambyi. Byongeye kandi, umurongo tumaze kubona haruguru ushaka kuvuga ko (1) habagaho abagore b’Abisirayelikazi basenzwe kandi ko (2) nta kibazo cyari gihari ku bagabo bandi b’Abisirayeli batari abatambyi gushaka umugore wasenzwe. Itegeko twabonye haruguru rireba abatambyi gusa hamwe n’abagore basenzwe kugira ngo batazashakwa n’abatambyi. Nta kosa ryari rihari rihanwa n’amategeko ya Mose,umugore wasenzwe yongeye gushaka mu gihe adashatswe n’umutambyi. Nta kosa ku wundi mugabo utari umutambyi ashatse umugore wasenzwe.

Umutambyi mukuru (ahari wenda we nk’urwego rukuru rushushanya Kristo) yagombaga kwitwara neza mu rwego rurenze n’urw’abandi batambyi basanzwe. We ntiyari yemerewe no gushaka umupfakazi. Nyuma y’imirongo mike gusa uvuye aho dusoma mu gitabo cy’Abalewi ngo:

Umupfakazi cyangwa uwasenzwe cyangwa uwanduye, cyangwa Malaya ntakabarongore, ahubwo umwari wo mu bwoko bwe azabe ari we arongora (Lewi 21:14).

Mbese uyu murongo urashaka kuvuga ko cyari icyaha ku Bisirayelikazi bose kongera gushaka na rimwe cyangwa ko cyari icyaha kuri buri Mwisirayeli wese kurongora umupfakazi? Birumvikana ko atari byo. Mu by’ukuri uyu murongo ushaka kuvuga ko kitaba icyaha ku mupfakazi uwo ari we wese ashatse umugabo uwo ari we wese uretse umutambyi mukuru, kandi bishaka kuvuga cyane ko uretse umutambyi mukuru, undi mugabo wese yemerewe kurongora umupfakazi. Ibindi Byanditswe bishimangira uburenganzira busesuye umupfakazi afite bwo kongera gushaka (reba Rom. 7:2-3; 1 Tim.5:14).

Kandi uyu murongo hamwe n’uwo twabanje kureba (Lewi 21:7) urashaka kuvuga ko nta kosa ku mugabo w’Umwisirayeli uwo ari we wese (uretse umutambyi cyangwa umutambyi mukuru) kurongora umugore wasenzwe cyangwa n’umugore utakiri isugi, “wandujwe no kuba malaya.” Bityo kandi birashaka kuvuga ko, mu mategeko ya Mose, nta kosa ryari rihari ku mugore wasenzwe kongera gushaka cyangwa umugore “wandujwe n’ubulaya” gushaka, bapfa kuba gusa badashatse umutambyi. Imana mu buntu bwayo yahaye andi mahirwe abasambanyi n’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye, nubwo Imana yanga cyane ubusambanyi no gutandukana kw’abashakanye.

Ikindi Kibujijwe mu Kongera Gushaka

(A Second Specific Prohibition Against Remarriage)

Mbese abagore basenzwe Imana yabahaye “amahirwe ya kabiri” incuro zingahe? Mbese twakwanzura tuvuga ko Imana yahaye abagore basenzwe andi mahirwe yo kongera gushaka incuro imwe gusa mu mategeko ya Mose? Uwo waba ari umwanzuro utari wo. Nyuma tuza kubona mu mategeko ya Mose ngo,

Umuntu narongora umugeni maze ntamukundwakaze kuko hari igiteye isoni yamubonyeho, amwandikire urwandiko rwo kumusenda arumuhe, amwirukane mu nzu ye. Namara kuva mu nzu ye, yemererwa kugenda agacyurwa n’undi. Kandi umugabo wamucyuye namunyungwakaza, akamwandikira urwandiko rwo kumusenda akarumuha, akamwirukana mu nzu ye, cyangwa uwo mugabo wamucyuye napfa, umugabo we wa mbere wabanje kumwirukana ntazamucyure amaze kononekara, kuko ibyo byaba ikizira imbere y’Uwiteka. Kandi ntuzashyire icyaha ku gihugu Uwiteka Imana yawe iguha ho gakondo (Guteg 24:1-4).

Urabona ko muri iyi mirongo ikibujijwe ari umugore umaze gusendwa kabiri (cyangwa uwasenzwe rimwe akanapfakara rimwe) wongera gushakwa n’umugabo we wa mbere. Ntakintu kivugwa ku ikosa yaba akoze ku kongera gushaka amaze gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye ubwa kabiri (cyangwa apfushije umugabo we wa kabiri), icyo yari abujijwe gusa ni ugusubira ku mugabo we wa mbere. Ikintu kigaragara neza bishaka kuvuga ahangaha ni uko uwo mugore yari afite umudendezo wo gucyurwa n’undi mugabo uwo ari we wese (umukeneye). Iyo kiba icyaha kongera gushaka uwo ari we wese, Imana ntiba yararinze gusobanura neza uwo iryo tegeko rireba by’umwihariko. Iba yaravuze gusa iti, “Abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye ntibemerewe kongera gushaka.”

Kandi, niba Imana yaremereraga uyu mugore gushaka ubwa kabiri, ubwo rero umugabo wamucyuraga amaze gusendwa ubwa mbere nta cyaha yabaga akoze. Kandi niba yaremererwaga gushaka ubwa gatatu, ubwo rero undi mugabo uwo ari we wese wamucyuraga amaze gusendwa kabiri nta cyaha yabaga akoze (keretse gusa ari we wari umugabo we wa mbere). Nuko rero ya Mana yanga gusenda ikunda abasenzwe, kandi mu mbabazi zayo ibongera andi mahirwe.

Incamake

(A Summary)

Reka mvuge muri make ibyo twavumbuye kugeza ubu: Nubwo Imana yavuze ko yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye, nta na rimwe yigeze igira icyo ivuga mu Isezerano Rya Kera cyangwa mbere yaho cyerekana ko kongera gushaka ari icyaha, uretse aha hantu habiri: (1) uwasenzwe kabiri cyangwa uwasenzwe rimwe akanapfakara rimwe utemererwa kongera gushaka umugabo we wa mbere n’ (2) umugore wasenzwe utemererwa gushaka umutambyi. Kandi nta na hamwe Imana yerekanye ko gushaka umugore wasenzwe ari icyaha uretse abatambyi.

Ibi bisa n’ibitandukanye n’ibyo Yesu yavuze ku kongera gushaka kw’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye ndetse no ku bantu bashaka abagore basenzwe. Yesu yavuze ko abo bantu baba bakoze icyaha cy’ubusambanyi (reba Mat 5:32). Ubwo rero hagati ya Yesu na na Mose hari uwo twumva nabi, naho ubundi Imana yaba yarahinduye amategeko yayo. Jye ndacyeka ko dushobora kuba twumva nabi ibyo Yesu yavuze, kuko byaba bitumvikana ukuntu Imana yagira itya mu kanya gato ikavuga ko ikintu ari icyaha kandi hashize imyaka igihumbi na maganatanu icyo kintu cyemewe n’amategeko yayo yahaye Abisirayeli.

Mbere y’uko tuvuga mu buryo bunonosoye kuri ibi bintu bisa n’aho bivuguruzanya, reka mbanze mvuge ko mu Isezerano Rya Kera Imana yemera ko abatandukanye bongera gushaka ntacyo yavuze kigomba gushingirwaho cyerekeranye n’ibyatumye umuntu atandukana n’uwo bashakanye cyangwa niba yaragize ruhare rungana iki mu mpamvu zatumye batandukana n’uwo bashakanye. Imana ntiyigeze ivuga ko abantu bamwe mu batandukanye n’abo bashakanye batemererwa kongera gushaka bitewe n’uko gutandukana kwabo kutashingiye ku mpamvu nyazo. Ntiyigeze ivuga ko abantu bamwe bakwiye by’umwihariko kongera gushaka bitewe n’uko gutandukana n’abo bashakanye kwabo byubahirije amategeko. Nyamara abakozi b’Imana bo muri iki gihe kenshi usanga bagerageza guca imanza muri ubwo buryo bashingiye ku buhamya bubogamiye ku ruhande rumwe. Urugero, umugore watandukanye n’umugabo we ugasanga arashaka kwemeza pastori we yuko we akwiye kwemererwa kongera gushaka bitewe n’uko ari we waguweho n’ishyano muri uko gutandukana. Ngo umugabo ni we wamusenze–si we wataye umugabo. Ariko uwo mupastori aramutse agize amahirwe yo kumva umugabo na we icyo abivugaho, yakumva amugiriye imbabazi. Wenda umugore na we yari kabutindi. Bityo rero afitemo uruhare mu gutandukana kwabo, ntabwo yagwiririwe n’ibintu gusa.

Nzi umugabo n’umugore bombi benderezanyaga, umwe yiyenza kuri mugenzi we ngo undi abe ari we ujya mu rukiko asaba gutandukana noneho we ntagibweho n’urubanza rw’uko ari we wasabye ubutane. Buri wese yagiraga ngo nibamara gutandukana azavuge ko mugenzi we ari we wamutaye akajya no gusaba urukiko ko rubatandukanya, bityo kongera gushaka kwe bikaba byemewe n’amategeko. Dushobora kujijisha abantu ariko ntidushobora kujijisha Imana. Urugero, Imana ibona ite umugore utubaha uko Ijambo ryayo rivuga, agahora yangira umugabo we ko baryamana ngo bakore imibonano y’abashakanye, hanyuma akamuta ngo yamuciye inyuma? Mbese mu ruhande rumwe si we uba ari nyirabayazana wo gutandukansa kwabo?

Ibyo umugore usenzwe kabiri twabonye mu Gutegeka Kwa Kabiri 24 ntacyo tubona kivugwa ku byerekeranye no kuba gutandukana kwe incuro ebyiri byari bifite ishingiro cyangwa bitarifite. Umugabo we wa mbere yamusanganye “inenge” runaka. Iyo “nenge” iyo iza kuba ari ubusambanyi, aba yaraciriwe urwo gupfa atewe amabuye nk’uko amategeko ya Mose yabiteganyaga (reba Lewi 20:10). Ni ukuvuga ko rero niba gusambana ari yo mpamvu yonyine yemewe yo gutandukana kw’abashakanye, twavuga ko umugabo we wa mbere atari afite wenda impamvu nyazo zituma amusenda. Ariko ku rundi ruhande, wenda yari yasambanye, ariko umugabo we kubera kuba umukiranutsi nka Yosefu umugabo wa Mariya, “yashakaga kumusenda mu ibanga” (Mat 1:19). Hari uburyo bushoboka bwinshi.

Umugabo we wa kabiri we bivugwa gusa ko “yamunyungwakaje”akamuhinduka ntabe akimukunda. Na none ntituzi uwariho urubanza cyangwa niba bari basangiye amakosa. Ariko ntaho bitandukaniye. Ubuntu bw’Imana bwamuhaga andi mahirwe yo kongera gushaka uwo ari we wese wemeye kuba yashaka umugore umaze gusendwa kabiri, uretse ariko umugabo we wa mbere.

Icyo tutemeranyaho

(An Objection)

“Ariko abantu babwiwe ko bemerewe kongera gushaka bamaze gutandukana n’abo bashakanye ku bw’impamvu iyo ari yo yose, ibyo byabashyigikira mu gutandukana nta n’impamvu zemewe bafite,” ni ko bikunze kuvugwa kenshi. Ndibwira ko ari ko byaba bimeze rimwe na rimwe ku bantu b’abanyeyedini batagerageza gushimisha Imana, ariko rero kubuza abantu, n’ubundi batumvira Imana, gukora ibyaha ni uguta igihe rwose. Nyamara abantu bagandukira Imana koko, ntibagerageza gushakisha uburyo bakora ibyaha. Bagerageza kunezeza Imana, kandi abantu nk’abo usanga bafite urushako rutanyeganyega. Ikindi kandi ubona, mu Isezerano Rya Kera, ari nk’aho Imana ititaga cyane ku byo gutandukana kw’abashakanye ku bw’impamvu zitemewe kubera amategeko atanga umudendezo wo kongera gushaka, bitewe n’uko yahaye Isirayeli amategeko atanga umudendezo wo kongera gushaka.

Mbese tugomba kwirinda kubwira abantu ko Imana ibabarira icyaha icyo ari cyo cyose, kugira ngo tutabashyigikira gukora ibyaha kuko bazi ko imbabazi zihari? Niba ari uko twareka kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Na none bituruka ku buryo umutima wa buri muntu umeze. Abakunda Imana bashaka kuyumvira. Nzi neza ko nsabye Imana imbabazi yazimpa nubwo naba nakoze icyaha kimeze gite. Ariko ibyo ntibintera na gato gushaka gukora ibyaha, kuko nkunda Imana kandi navutse ubwa kabiri. Ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana narahinduwe. Nifuza kuyinezeza.

Imana izi ko bidakenewe kongera indi ngaruka mbi yo gutandukana kw’abashakanye ku zindi ngaruka mbi nyinshi utabona uko wirinda ngo ari ukugira ngo ibone uko ishishikariza abantu kugumana n’abo bashakanye. Kubwira abantu bananiwe n’urushako yuko bakwiye kugumana n’abo bashakanye ngo kuko batazemererwa kongera gushaka ntacyo bibafasha mu kugumana n’abo bashakanye. Nubwo yakwizera ibyo umubwiye, kuri we ubuzima bwo kuba wenyine nk’umusilibateri aba yumva ari nko kwibera mu ijuru ugereranyije n’ubuzima bw’urushako rw’agahinda yahuye na rwo.

Pawulo Avuga Ku Byo Kongera Gushaka

(Paul on Remarriage)

Mbere y’uko tujya ku kibazo cyo guhuza ibyo Yesu yavuze ku byo kongera gushaka n’ibyo Mose yabivuzeho, dukwiriye kumenya ko hari undi mu banditse Bibiliya wemeranya na Mose, uwo izina rye ni Pawulo intumwa. Pawulo yanditse ku buryo busobanutse neza ko kongera gushaka kw’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye atari, bityo akemeranya n’ibyo Isezerano Rya Kera rivuga:

Iberekeye iby’abari simfite itegeko ry’Umwami wacu, ariko ndababwira ibyo nibwira ndi umuntu wababariwe n’Umwami wacu ngo nkiranuke. Nuko ndibwira yuko ari byiza ku bw’iki gihe kirushya kiriho none, ko umuntu aguma uko ari. Mbese wahambiriwe ku mugore? Ntushake guhamburwa. Wahambuwe ku mugore? Nuko ntushake undi. Icyakora warongora nta cyaha waba ukoze. N’umwari yashyingirwa nta cyaha yaba akoze. Ariko abameze batyo bazagira imibabaro mu mubiri, ku bwanjye nashaka kuyibakiza (1 Kor 7:25-28).

Nta gushidikanya ko muri iki gice Pawulo yabwiraga abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye. Yagiraga inama abashakanye, abatarigeze bashaka, n’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye kuguma uko bameze bitewe n’itotezwa abakristo banyuragamo muri icyo gihe. Nyamara Pawulo yavuze yeruye ko abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye n’abari nta cyaha baba bakoze igihe baba barongoye cyangwa bashyingiwe.

Urabona ko Pawulo atavuze ko kongera gushaka kw’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye ari icyaha. Ntiyavuze ko kongera gushaka byemerewe gusa uwatandukanye n’uwo bashakanye ariko we akaba nta cyo ashinjwa muri uko gutandukana. (Kandi se ni nde ushobora guca urubanza nk’urwo akamenya uwagize uruhare n’utararugize mu gutandukana uretse Imana yonyine?) Ntiyavuze ngo abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye batarakizwa ni bo bonyine bemererwa kongera gushaka. Oya, yaravuze gusa ngo kongera gushaka ku batandukanye n’abo bashakanye si icyaha.

Mbese Pawulo yoroshyaga ibyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye?

(Was Paul Soft on Divorce?)

Mbese kubera ko Pawulo yashyigikiye imyumvire irimo imbabazi ku byo kongera gushaka, bivuze ko yoroshyaga cyane ikibazo cyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye? Oya, biragaragara neza ko muri rusange Pawulo yarwanyaga gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Mbere yaho muri icyo gice nyine cy’urwandiko rwe rwa mbere yandikira Abakorinto, yashyizeho itegeko ryerekeye gutandukana kw’abashakanye rihuza neza n’urwango Imana yanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye:

Abamaze kurongorana ndabategeka, nyamara si jye ahubwo ni Umwami wacu, umugore ye kwahukana n’umugabo we. Ariko niba yahukanye, abe igishubaziko cyangwa yiyunge n’umugabo we, kandi umugabo ye gusenda umugore we. Ariko abandi bo ni jye ubabwira si Umwami wacu. Mwene Data niba afite umugore utizera, kandi uwo mugore agakunda kugumana na we ye kumusenda. Kandi umugore ufite umugabo utizera na we agakunda kugumana na we ye kwahukana n’umugabo we kuko umugabo utizera yezwa ku bw’umugore we, kandi umugore utizera yezwa ku bwa mwene Data uwo. Iyo bitameze bityo abana banyu baba bahumanye, ariko none dore ni abera. Icyakora wa wundi utizera, niba ashaka gutana atane. Mwene Data w’umugabo cyangwa w’umugore ntaba agihambiriwe iyo bimeze bityo, kuko Imana yaduhamagariye amahoro. Wa mugore we ubwirwa n’iki yuko utazakiza umugabo wawe? Nawe wa mugabo we, ubwirwa n’iki yuko utazakiza umugore wawe? Ariko umuntu wese agenze nk’uko Umwami wacu yabimugeneye, kandi amere uko yari ari Imana ikimuhamagara. Uko ni ko ntegeka mu matorero yose (1 Kor 7:10-17).

Urabona ko Pawulo yatangiye abwira abizera bashakanye n’abandi bizera. Ntibakwiriye gutandukana, birumvikana, kandi Pawulo akavuga ko ayo atari amabwirizwa ye atanze, ko ahubwo ari amabwiriza y’Umwami. Kandi ibyo rwose bihuza n’ibindi twabonye muri Bibiliya kugeza ubu.

Dore rero aho bishyuhira. Biragaragara ko Pawulo yari umuntu ushyira mu gaciro cyane ku buryo asobanukirwa ko n’abizera bashobora gutandukana nubwo bidakunze kubaho. Igihe bibaye rero, Pawulo akavuga ko uwo muntu watandukanye n’uwo bashakanye agomba kuguma aho atongeye gushaka cyangwa se akiyunga n’uwo bashakanye bagasubirana. (Nubwo Pawulo aya mabwiriza ayaha abagore by’umwihariko, ndibwira ko n’abagabo abareba.)

Na none ibyo Pawulo yandika hano ntibidutungura. Yabanje kuvuga itegeko ry’Imana ryerekeye ibyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye, ariko ni umunyabwenge cyane ku buryo atayobewe ko amategeko y’Imana ashobora kutubahirizwa. Nuko rero igihe habayeho icyaha cyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye kandi bombi ari abizera, atanga andi mabwiriza. Umuntu utandukanye n’uwo bashakanye agomba kuguma aho ntashake undi keretse yiyunze na wa wundi bashakanye bakongera bakabana. Nta gushidikanya ko ibyo ari byo byaba byiza cyane hagati y’abashakanye bombi bizera. Igihe bombi bakomeje kuba aho ntawe ushatse, haba hari ibyiringiro yuko bakwiyunga bakongera kubana, kandi ibyo byaba ari byo byiza cyane. Birumvikana ko iyo hagize umwe muri bo ushaka, ibyiringiro byo kwiyunga no kongera kubana biba bishiriye aho. (Kandi biragaragara ko iyo gutandukana kwabo kiza kuba icyaha kitababarirwa, nta mpamvu Pawulo yari kwirirwa ababwira kutongera gushaka keretse biyunze bakongera kubana.)

Uratekereza ko Pawulo yari asobanukiwe cyane ko amabwiriza ye ya kabiri na yo ashobora kutazakurikizwa? Ni ko nibwira. Ahari ntiyashatse gutanga andi mabwiriza ya gatatu ku bizera batandukanye n’abo bashakanye kuko yumvaga ko abizera nyakuri bakubahiriza amabwiriza ya mbere yo kudatandukana n’abo bashakanye, nuko rero ku bw’incuro nke cyane zidakunze kubaho ko abizera batandukana n’abo bashakanye yatanze amabwiriza ya kabiri. Kandi koko abayoboke ba Kristo nyakuri, iyo bagize ibibazo mu rushako rwabo bakora uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo biyunge bakomeze kubana. Kandi rwose uwizera ugerageje kenshi kugira ngo ashobore gukomeza kubana n’uwo bashakanye, ariko bikanga akabona nta bundi buryo uretse gutandukana na we, ni ukuri rwose uwo mwizera ku bwo kudashaka kwikoza isoni no ku bw’icyubahiro cya Kristo ntashobora gutekereza kongera gushaka undi muntu uwo ari we wese, kandi akomeza kugira ibyiringiro ko bashobora kongera kwiyunga n’uwo batandukanye. Jye mbona ko ikibazo nyacyo kiri mu Itorero ry’iki gihe cy’abatandukana n’abo bashakanye ari uko hari umubare munini cyane w’abitwa ko bizera ariko bitari iby’ukuri, abantu baba batarigeze bizera Yesu nk’Umwami koko, kandi bityo ntibigere banamugandukira.

Biragaragara cyane mu byo pawulo yandika mu 1 Abakorinto 7 ko Imana isaba ibintu bikomeye abizera, abantu bafite Umwuka Wera ubatuyemo, kurusha ibyo isaba abatizera. Pawulo yanditse avuga ko, nk’uko tubisoma, abizera badakwiye gutandukana n’abo bashakanye batizera igihe abo batizera bashaka gukomeza kubana na bo. Na none aya mabwiriza ntadutungura, kuko ahuza rwose n’ibindi twabonye mu Byanditswe bivuga ku byo gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Imana irwanya gutandukana kw’abashakanye. Nyamara Pawulo akomeza avuga ko niba utizera ashaka gutana uwizera agomba kumureka agatana. Pawulo azi ko utizera atagandukira Imana, nuko rero ntiyumva ko utizera yakora nk’uwizera. Reka nongereho ko igihe utizera yemeye kubana n’uwizera, ari ikimenyetso cyiza kerekana ko uwo utizera ashobora kuzakingurira umutima we ubutumwa bwiza, cyangwa ko uwo wizera yaguye, akaba asigaye ari umukristo w’izina gusa.

Ubu se kandi ni nde wavuga ko uwizera watawe n’utizera adafite uburenganzira bwo kongera gushaka? Pawulo ntiyigeze na rimwe avuga ibintu nk’ibyo, nk’uko yavuze ku bashakanye batandukanye bombi ari abizera. Dushobora kwibaza mpamvu ki Imana yarwanya kongera gushaka k’uwizera watawe n’utizera. Mbese byaba bimaze iki? Nyamara ibyo birasa nk’aho bivuguruza ibyo Yesu yavuze ku bijyanye no kongera gushaka: “Kandi uzacyura uwasenzwe azaba asambanye” (Mat 5:32). Ibi na none bintera gukeka ko twasobanukiwe nabi ibyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga.

Ikibazo

(The Problem)

Yesu, Mose na Pawulo bose baremeranya ku buryo bugaragara ko igihe habaye gutandukana kw’abashakanye haba hari umwe muri bo, wakoze icyaha cyangwa bombi bakaba bacumuye. Bose muri rusange barwanya cyane gutanduakana kw’abashakanye. Ariko dore ikibazo tugira: Twahuza dute ibyo Mose na Pawulo bavuze ku kongera gushaka kw’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye n’icyo Yesu yabivuzeho? Birumvikana ko tugomba kumva ko bagomba guhuza kuko bose bahumekewe n’Imana mu kuvuga ibyo bavuze.

Reka turebe neza koko ibyo Yesu yavuze kandi turebe n’uwo yabibwiraga. Mu butumwa bwiza bwa Matayo tubona incuro ebyiri aho Yesu avuga ku byo gutana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka; hamwe ni muri ya nyigisho yo ku musozi ahandi ni igihe yari abajijjwe n’Abafarisayo. Reka tubanzirize ku kiganiro Yesu yagiranye n’abo Bafarisayo:

Abafarisayo baza aho ari baramugerageza, baramubaza bati “Mbese amategeko yemera yuko umuntu asenda umugore we amuhora ikintu cyose?” Na we arabasubiza ati “Ntimwari mwasoma yuko Iyabaremye mbere yaremye umugabo n’umugore ikababwira iti ‘Ni cyo gituma umuntu azasiga se na nyina akabana n’umugore we akaramata, bombi bakaba umubiri umwe’? Bituma batakiri babiri ahubwo babaye umubiri umwe. Nuko icyo Imana yateranije hamwe umuntu ntakagitandukanye.” Baramusubiza bati, “Niba ari uko, ni iki cyatumye Mose ategeka ko umugabo aha umugore urwandiko rwo kumusenda, ngo abone kumwirukana?” Arabasubiza ati, ” Mose yabemereye gusenda abagore banyu kuko

imitima yanyu inangiye, ariko uhereye mbere hose ntibyari bimeze bityo. Ariko ndababwira yuko umuntu wese uzasenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, akarongora undi azaba asambanye.” (Mat 19:3-9).

Muri iki kiganiro na Yesu, Abafarisayo bavugaga ku magambo ari mu mategeko ya Yesu nari navuzeho kare, Gutegeka Kwa Kabiri 24:1-4. Haranditse ngo, “Umuntu narongora umugeni maze ntamukundwakaze kuko hari igiteye isoni yamubonyeho, amwandikire urwandiko rwo kumusenda arumuhe, amwirukane mu nzu ye…” (Guteg 24:1).

Mu gihe cya Yesu hari imitekerereze y’uburyo bubiri ku byerekeranye n’ “igiteye isoni.” Nko mu myaka makumyabiri mbere yaho, rabi witwaga Hillel yigishaga inyigisho ivuga ko igiteye isoni ari ukudahuza na gato. Muri kiriya gihe Yesu ajya impaka n’Abafarisayo, iyo nsobanuro ya Hillel na yo buri muntu wese yari asigaye ayifata uko abyumva, bigatuma umuntu ashobora gusenda umugore we amuhoye “ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose” nk’uko ikibazo Abafarisayo babazaga Yesu kibyerekana. Umuntu yashoboraga gusenda umugore we kuko yatetse inkono igashirira, cyangwa kuko yashyize umunyu mwinshi mu biryo, cyangwa kuko yicaye nabi mu bantu imyenda ikazamuka amavi akagaragara, cyangwa kuko yarekuye imisatsi ye igatendera, cyangwa kuko hari undi mugabo yavugishije, cyangwa akaba yabwiye nyirabukwe ijambo ritamushimishije, cyangwa kuko atabyara. Umugabo yashoboraga no gusenda umugore we kubera ko yabonye undi umurusha ubwiza, ubwo rero ibyo bikaba bimuhinduye ko afite “igiteye isoni” kuri we.

Undi mu rabi (umwigisha), wamamaye cyane witwaga Shammai, wabanjirije Hillel, yavugaga ko “igiteye isoni” ari ikintu cy’ingeso mbi cyane, nk’ubusambanyi. Nk’uko washobora kubyibwira, mu Bafarisayo bo mu gihe cya Yesu, imitekerereze ya Hillel ituma umuntu wese abifata uko abyumva ni yo yari yiganje cyane kurusha iya Shammai. Abafarisayo bizeraga kandi bakigisha ko amategeko yemera ko umuntu ashobora gusenda umugore we kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose, nuko rero icyo gihe abantu gutandukana n’abo bashakanye byari bigwiriye cyane. Abafarisayo mu gifarisayo cyabo nyacyo, bashimangiraga cyane akamaro ko guha umugore wawe urwandiko rwo kumusenda, ngo kugira ngo “amategeko ya Mose yubahirizwe.”

Ntiwibagirwe ko Yesu Yabwiraga Abafarisayo

(Don’t Forget that Jesus’ was Speaking to Pharisees)

Hamwe n’ibyo mu bitekerezo mu mutwe, noneho dushobora kumva neza icyo Yesu yarwanyaga. Imbere ye hari hahagaze itsinda ry’indyarya z’abigisha b’abanyedini, abenshi muri bo, niba atari bose, bari baratandukanye n’abo bashakanye incuro imwe cyangwa kenshi, kandi wenda kubera ko hari abandi bagore babengutse. (Ndibwira ko atari ku bw’impanuka kuba amagambo ya Yesu ku byerekeye gutandukana kw’abashakanye ari muri ya nyigisho yo ku musozi akurikira ako kanya kwihanangiriza kwe ku bijyanye n’irari, na ryo akaryita ko ari ubundi buryo bwo gusambana.) Nyamara barisobanuraga bavuga ko bari mu kuri, ko bakurikiza amategeko ya Mose.

Ikibazo cyabo ubwacyo cyerekana aho babogamiye. Biragaragara ko bizeraga ko umuntu yasenda umugore we bitewe n’impamvu iyo ari yo yose. Yesu yashyize ahagaragara imyumvire yabo ipfuye ku byerekeye umugambi w’Imana ku bashakanye akoresha amagambo ya Mose ku rushako aari mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro igice cya 2. Imana ntiyigeze ishaka ko habaho na rimwe gutandukana kw’abashakanye, uretse no kuvuga ngo gutandukana “ku bw’impamvu iyo ari yo yose,” nyamara abayobozi ba Isirayeli basendaga abagore babo nk’uko abana bivumbura ku “ducuti”twabo bagacana umubano!

Ndacyeka ko Abafarisayo bari basanzwe bazi uko Yesu afata ibyo gutandukana kw’abashakanye, kuko yari yarabivugiye mu ruhame mbere, ubwo rero bari bamaze kwitegurana ikindi kibazo cyabo cyo gushaka kumutsinda: “Niba ari uko, ni iki cyatumye Mose ategeka ko umugabo aha umugore urwandiko rwo kumusenda, ngo abone kumwirukana?” (Mat 19:7).

Iki kibazo na none kigaragaza aho babogamiye. Kibajijwe mu buryo wakumva ko Mose yategekaga abagabo gusenda abagore babo igihe babavumbuyeho “igiteye isoni,” kandi bigasaba urwandiko rwo gusenda, ariko nk’uko tubibona dusomye Gutegeka Kwa Kabiri 24:1-4, ibyo ntabwo ari byo Mose yashakaga kuvuga na gato. Yashyiragaho amategeko y’uburyo bwo kongera gushaka ubwa gatatu, amubuza kongera gushaka umugabo we wa mbere.

Bitewe n’uko Mose yavuze ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye, bigomba kuba byaremewe ku bw’impamvu runaka. Ariko reba ukuntu inshinga Yesu akoresha mu gisubizo cye,yabemereye, ihabanye n’inshinga Abafarisayo bahisemo gukoresha: yategetse. Mose yabemereye gutandukana n’abo bashakanye; ntiyigeze abibategeka. Impamvu Mose yabemereye gutandukana n’abo bashakanye ni ukubera kunangira kw’imitima y’Abisirayeli. Ni ukuvuga ngo, Imana yemeye ko abashakanye batandukana kubera imbabazi zayo igiriye abantu ngo iborohereze ku bw’ingaruka batewe n’ibyaha byabo. Yari izi ko abantu bazaca inyuma abo bashakanye. Yari izi ko hazabaho ubusambanyi. Yari izi ko imitima y’abantu izajanjagurika. Nuko ibemerera kuba batandukana. Ntabwo ari byo Imana yari yagambiriye mbere hose, ahubwo icyaha cyatumye biba ngombwa.

Noneho Yesu asobanurira Abafarisayo amategeko y’Imana, anasobanura wenda icyo Mose yise “igiteye isoni” icyo ari cyo: “Ariko ndababwira yuko umuntu wese uzasenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, akarongora undi azaba asambanye” (Mat 19:9). Ubusambanyi ni yo mpamvu yonyine yumvikana imbere y’Imana yatuma umugabo asenda umugore we, kandi ibyo nshobora kubyumva. Mbese ni iki kindi umuntu yakorera uwo bashakanye kikamubabaza kurusha? Iyo umuntu asambanye cyangwa akaba afitanye ubucuti budasanzwe n’undi muntu hanze, aca inyuma uwo bashakanye, aba agaragaje ikintu kibi cyane. Kandi Yesu avuga ijambo “ubusambanyi” ntiyavugaga gusambana mu buryo bw’imibonano mpuzabitsina gusa. No gusoma cyangwa gukunda cyane umugore cyangwa umugabo w’abandi ni ubusambanyi, kimwe no kureba amashusho y’ubusambanyi cyangwa ibindi bijyanye n’ubusambanyi na byo ni ubusambanyi. Wibuke ko Yesu muri ya nyigisho ye yo ku musozi yavuze ko irari n’ubusambanyi bihwanye.

Reka twe kwibagirwa abo Yesu yabwiraga–Abafarisayo birukaniraga abagore babo impamvu iyo ari yo yose kandi bagahita bongera gushaka abandi bagore vuba, nyamara ngo, biragatsindwa n’Imana, ntibashobora na rimwe gusambana, ngo baba bishe itegeko rya karindwi. Yesu yababwiraga ko bibeshya gusa ubwabo. Ibyo bakoraga ntaho byari bitandukaniye n’ubusambanyi, birumvikana cyane. Umuntu wese ushyira mu gaciro yabona neza ko umugabo usenda umugore we kugira ngo abone uko ahita yishakira undi aba akoze nk’ibyo undi musambanyi wese akora, uretse ko we gusa abitwikiriza amategeko yitwaza.

Umuti

(The Solution)

Uru ni rwo rufunguzo rwo guhuza ibya Yesu na Mose na Pawulo. Yesu yashyiraga ahagaragara gusa uburyarya bw’Abafarisayo. Ntabwo yashyiragaho amategeko abuza abantu kongera gushaka. Iyo abigira atyo, byari kuba ari ukuvuguruza Mose na Pawulo kandi akaba ashyize mu gihirahiro gikomeye miliyoni nyinshi z’abantu batandukanye n’abo bashakanye na miliyoni nyinshi z’abantu bongeye gushaka. None se iyo riba ari itegeko ryo kutongera gushaka Yesu yashyizeho, twakabwiye iki umuntu watandukanye n’uwo bashakanye akongera agashaka mbere y’uko yumva ibya Yesu? Twamubwira se ko abayeho mu buzima bw’ubusambanyi, kandi kuko tuzi ko Bibiliya ivuga ko nta musambanyi uzaragwa ubwami bw’Imana (reba 1 Kor. 6:9-10), tukamubwira kongera na none gutandukana n’uwo wundi bashakanye? Nyamara se kandi Imana ntiyanga gutandukana kw’abashakanye?

Twamubwira se ko agomba kwirinda gukorana imibonano n’uwo bashakanye kugeza igihe wa wundi batandukanye mbere azapfira ngo kugira ngo adahora mu cyaha cy’ubusambanyi? Nyamara se Pawulo ntavuga ko abashakanye batagomba kwimana? Mbese ibyo ntibyashora umuntu mu bigeragezo by’ubusambanyi ndetse bikaba byanatuma umuntu yifuriza uwo batandukanye gupfa?

Mbese umuntu nk’uwo twamubwira gusenda uwo bari kumwe akongera agasubirana n’uwo bari baratandukanye (nk’uko bamwe bavuga), ikintu cyaziraga mu mategeko ya Mose mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 24:1-4?

Hanyuma se abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye ariko bakaba batarongeye gushaka? Niba bemerewe kongera gushaka gusa igihe uwo bashakanye yakoze icyaha cy’ubusambanyi, ni nde uzamenya koko niba harakozwe ubusambanyi? Kugira ngo bongere gushaka se, bamwe bazasabwa gutanga ibimenyetso by’uko abo bashakanye bakoze icyaha cy’irari gusa, abandi basabwe kuzana abagabo bo guhamya ko abo bashakanye koko babacaga inyuma?

Nk’uko nari nigeze kubaza mbere, bimeze bite ku muntu usambana hari ukuntu mu buryo bumwe biturutse kuri mugenzi we utamwemerera ko bakora imibonano y’abashakanye? Mbese ntihaba harimo akarengane kugira ngo wa wundi wimaga mugenzi we yemererwe kongera gushaka, mu gihe uwo wasambanye atabyemerewe?

Hanyuma se uwasambanye mbere yo gushyingirwa we? Byo se si uguca inyuma uwo bazabana? Icyaha cy’uwo muntu se cyo si uguca inyuma mugenzi we mu gihe bagiye gushakana ari muri ibyo byaha? Kuki se uwo muntu yemererwa gushaka?

Hanyuma se abantu babana batarashakanye mu buryo bwemewe iyo “batandukanye”? Kuki bemererwa gushakana n’abandi bashaka nyuma yo gutandukana n’abo bandi, ngo kuko gusa babanaga mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko? Mbese ubwo batandukaniye he n’abandi bose batandukana n’abo bashakanye hanyuma bakongera bagashaka?

Hanyuma se ibyo kuvuga ngo “ibya kera biba bishize” kandi ngo “byose biba bibaye bishya” iyo umuntu akijijwe abaye umukristo (reba 2 Kor. 5:17)? Koko se bisobanura ko ari ibindi byaha byose umuntu yakoze uretse icyaha cyo gutandukana mu buryo butemewe n’uwo mwashakanye?

Ibi bibazo byose hamwe n’ibindi byinshi[1] bishobora kubazwa, ni impamvu zikomeye zatuma umuntu avuga ko Yesu atashyiragaho irindi tegeko rigenga ibyo kongera gushaka. Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu yari afite ubwenge buhagije ku buryo atari ananiwe kumva urushamikirane rw’ingaruka iryo tegeko rye rishya ryerekeye kongera gushaka ryagira ribaye ari uko rimeze. Ibyo ubwabyo birahagije kugira ngo twumve ko icyo Yesu yakoraga gusa kwari ugushyira ahagaragara uburyarya bw’Abafarisayo–abagabo buzuye irari, abanyedini, b’indyarya basendaga abagore babo babahoye “impamvu iyo ari yo yose” hanyuma bagashaka abandi bagore.

Rwose icyatumye Yesu avuga ko ibyo bakoraga ari “ubusambanyi” aho kuvuga gusa ko ibyo bakoraga ari amakosa ni uko yashakaga ko basobanukirwa neza ko gutandukana n’uwo mwashakanye kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose ukongera ugashaka ntaho bitandukaniiye n’ubundi busambanyi bwose, ikintu bo bavugaga ko batarota bakora. Twavuga se ko icyari gihangayitse Yesu gusa mu kongera gushaka ari ibyerekeye imibonano mpuzabitsina, noneho akaba yari kwemera ko umuntu yongera gushaka ariko akirinda imibonano mpuzabitsina n’uwo bashakanye ubwa kabiri? Oya birumvikana ko atari byo. Reka rero twe kumuvugisha ibyo atigeze ashaka kuvuga.

Igitekerezo cyo Kugereranya

(A Thoughtful Comparison)

Reka dutekereze abantu babiri. Umwe ni umugabo ufite umugore, umunyedini, kandi uvuga ko akunda Imana n’umutima we wose, noneho agatangira kwifuza umukobwa ukiri muto baturanye. Nuko bidatinze agasenda umugore we agahita arongora wa mukobwa yakomeje kwifuza.

Undi mugabo we si umunyedini. Ntiyigeze na rimwe yumva ubutumwa bwiza yibera mu byaha, hanyuma amaherezo bikamusenyera agatandukana n’umugore. Hashira imyaka mike, aba wenyine nk’ingaragu, agahura n’ubutumwa bwiza, akihana, agatangira gukurikira Yesu n’umutima we wose. Hashira imyaka itatu akabenguka umukobwa ukijijwe rwose wo mu Itorero. Bombi bakihatira gusenga no kumenya ubushake bw’Imana kandi bagatega amatwi n’inama bagirwa n’abandi, hanyuma bagafata icyemezo cyo kubana. Bagashyingirwa, bagakorera Imana bakiranuka kandi bakabana neza mu bwizerane kugeza bapfuye.

Noneho, reka tuvuge aba bagabo bombi bakoze icyaha mu kongera gushaka. Ni nde muri bo wakoze icyaha gikomeye kurusha undi? Birumvikana ko ari wa wundi wa mbere. Ni umusambanyi nk’abandi bose.

Hanyuma se uyu mugabo wa kabiri? Mbese koko yaba yarakoze icyaha? Mbese twavuga ko ntaho atandukaniye n’abandi basambanyi, nk’uko twabivuga kuri wa wundi wa mbere? Si ko nibwira. Mbese twamubwira ibyo Yesu yavuze ku bantu batandukana n’abo bashakanye bakongera gushaka, tukamubwira ko umugore bari kumwe batahujwe n’Imana, kuko Imana ifata ko akiri umugabo wa wa mugore we wa mbere? Mbese twamubwira ko abayeho mu buzima bw’ubusambanyi?

Igisubizo kiragaragara. Ubusambanyi bukorwa n’abantu bashatse igihe bashyize amaso yabo ku bandi batari abo bashakanye. Ubwo rero umuntu gusenda umugore we kubera ko hari undi yabonye abengutse kumurusha ni kimwe no gusambana. Ariko umuntu utarashaka ntashobora gusambana kuko iyo ashatse umugore ntawe bashakanye aba aciye inyuma, kandi n’uwatandukanye n’uwo bashakanye ntashobora gusambana kuko nta we baba bari kumwe aciye inyuma igihe ashatse. Iyo dusobanukiwe icyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ukurikije Bibiliya n’uko byari bimeze muri icyo gihe, ntitugera ku mwanzuro udasobanutse kandi uvuguruza ibindi Byanditswe bya Bibiliya.

Igihe igisubizo Yesu yahaye Abafarisayo cyaguye mu matwi y’abigishwa baravuze bati, “Iby’umugabo n’umugore we niba bigenda bityo, noneho kurongora si byiza” (Mat 19:10). Umenye ko bari barakuze bumva inyigisho z’Abafarisayo, kandi barakuriye mu mico yiganjemo cyane imitekerereze y’Abafarisayo. Nta na rimwe bari barigeze biyumvisha ko gushakana bigomba kuba akaramata. Urebye na bo iminota mike mbere yaho bashobora kuba barumvaga ko byemewe ko umugabo asenda umugore we amuhoye impamvu iyo ari yo yose. Ubwo rero bahise bumva ko ibyaba byiza ari ukurekera rimwe kurongora aho kuzajya mu kaga ko gutandukana n’abo bashakanye bikabagusha mu busambanyi.

Yesu yarasubije ati,

Abantu bose ntibabasha kwemera iryo jambo, keretse ababihawe. Kuko hariho ibiremba byavutse bityo mu nda za ba nyina, hariho n’inkone zakonwe n’abantu, hariho n’inkone zīkona ubwazo ku bw’ubwami bwo mu ijuru. Ubasha kubyemera abyemere (Mat 19:11-12).

Ni ukuvuga ngo, uko imibonano mpuzabitsina ikurura umuntu cyangwa ubushobozi umuntu aba afite bwo kwirinda ni byo bigenga kurongora k’umuntu cyangwa kubireka. Na Pawulo yaravuze ati, “Ibyiza ni ukurongorana kuruta gushyuha” (1 Kor. 7:9). Abavutse ari inkone cyangwa abakonwe n’abantu (nk’uko byajyaga bikorwa n’abagabo babaga bashaka abagabo bo kubarindira inzu z’abagore) ntibagira ibyifuzo by’imibonano mpuzabitsina. “Abigira inkone ku bw’ubwami bwo mu ijuru” ni abantu baba barahawe n’Imana impano yihariye yo kwifata bidasanzwe, ari cyo gituma “abantu bose badashobora kwemera iryo jambo, keretse abarihawe” (Mat 19:11).

Inyigisho yo Ku Musozi

(The Sermon on the Mount)

Ugomba gukomeza kwibuka ko ayo materaniro y’abantu yabwiraga muri iyo nyigisho yo ku musozi yari agizwe n’abantu babayeho ubuzima bwabo bwose mu mitekerereze y’uburyarya y’Abafarisayo, ari bo bari abategetsi n’abigisha muri Isirayeli. Nk’uko twabibonye mbere twiga iyo Nyigisho yo Ku Musozi, biragaragara cyane ko ibyinshi mu byo Yesu yavuze ntibyari ikindi kitari ugukosora inyigisho z’Abafarisayo z’ibinyoma. Yesu yanabwiye abari bateraniye aho ko gukiranuka kwabo nikutaruta ukw’abanditsi n’Abafarisayo batazagera mu bwami bwo mu ijuru (reba Mat 5:20), ubwo bwari ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga ko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari mu nzira ijya mu muriro. Arangije kwigisha, abantu bari bateraniye aho batangazwa no kwigisha kwe, bitewe n’uko Yesu yigishaga “bitandukanye n’iby’abanditsi babo” (Mat 7:29).

Yesu agitangira Inyigisho ye yo ku Musozi yashyize ahabona uburyarya bw’abavugaga ko badasambana, nyamara bakagira irari cyangwa bagasenda abagore babo bakarongora abandi. Yaguye cyane insobanuro yo gusambana irenga kuba gusa igikorwa cyo gusambana mu buryo bw’abantu babiri baca inyuma abo bashakanye. Kandi ibyo yavuze byari kugaragarira umuntu wese w’inyangamugayo ko ari ukuri aramutse abitekerejeho gato gusa. Ugumane mu mutwe ko kugeza aho Yesu yigishirije iriya Nyigisho yo ku Musozi, abenshi muri abo bantu bari bahateraniye bumvaga ko gusenda umugore umuhoye “impamvu iyo ari yo yose” ari ibintu byemewe n’amategeko. Yesu yashakaga ko abayoboke be n’abandi bose bamenya ko kuva mbere ibyo Imana yashakaga ku bashakanye biri ku rwego rurenze aho.

Mwumvise ko byavuzwe ngo, “Ntugasambane”; jyewe ndababwira yuko umuntu wese ureba umugore akamwifuza, aba amaze gusambana na we mu mutima we. Ijisho ryawe ry’iburyo nirigushuka rikakugusha, urinogore urite kure. Ibyiza ni uko wapfa ijisho rimwe, biruta ko umubiri wawe wose wajugunywa muri Gehinomu. N’ikiganza cyawe cy’iburyo nikikugusha, ugikureho ugite kure. Ibyiza ni uko wabura urugingo rwawe rumwe, biruta ko umubiri wawe wose wajugunywa muri Gehinomu. Kandi byaravuzwe ngo, ‘Uzasenda umugore we, amuhe urwandiko rwo kumusenda’; ariko jyeweho ndababwira yuko umuntu wese usenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, aba amuteye gusambana, kandi uzacyura uwasenzwe azaba asambanye (Mat 5:27-32).

Ubwa mbere, nk’uko nabivuze mbere, urabona ko amagambo ya Yesu ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka atari ukuza gusa akurikiranye n’amagambo ye ku byerekeye irari, bigaragaza ko ibyo byombi biri mu rwego rumwe, ahubwo ibyo byombi Yesu abihwanya n’ubusambanyi, akanarushaho kubishyira mu cyiciro kimwe. Ubwo rero tubona ko ibi Byanditswe byose muri iki gice bifite icyo bigiye bihuriyeho. Yesu yafashaga abayoboke be kugira ngo bashobore gusobanukirwa icyo kubaha itegeko rya karindwi bivuze koko. Bivuze ko nta kugira irari, nta gutandukana n’uwo mwashakanye kandi nta kongera gushaka.

Buri wese muri iryo teraniro ry’Abayuda bari bamuteze amatwi yari yaramaze kumva itegeko rya karindwi risomwa mu isinagogi (nta n’umwe wari utunze Bibiliya), kandi bari barumvise inyigisho ariko babona n’abigisha babo uko babishyira mu bikorwa, abanditsi n’Abafarisayo. Hanyuma Yesu aravuga ati, “ariko jyeweho ndababwira nti,” ariko ntiyari agiye gushyiraho andi mategeko mashya. Yari agiye gusa kwerekana icyo Imana yashakaga kuva mbere na mbere.

Ubwa mbere, itegeko rya cumi ryabuzaga irari ku buryo bugaragara, uwo ari we wese washoboraga kubitekerezaho neza yashoboraga kubona ko ari icyaha kwifuza gukora ikintu Imana iciraho iteka.

Ubwa kabiri, uhereye mu bice bibanza by’igitabo cy’Itangiriro, Imana yavuze mu buryo busobanutse ko gushakana bigomba kuba ikintu cy’ubuzima bwose. Kandi uwo ari we wese wari kubitekerezaho yari gukuramo umwanzuro w’uko gutandukana kw’abashakanye no kongera gushaka ari nk’ubusambanyi, cyane cyane iyo umuntu atandukanye n’uwo bashakanye ari ukugira ngo yishakire undi.

Ariko na none muri iyi nyigisho biragaragara cyane ko Yesu yashakaga gusa gufasha abantu kubona ukuri ku bijyanye n’irari n’ukuri ku gutandukana kw’abashakanye bitewe n’impamvu iyo ari yo yose no kongera gushaka. Ntiyashyiragaho amategeko mashya agenga kongera gushaka atari yarigeze abaho

Biratangaje ukuntu ari abantu bake cyane mu itorero bafashe amagambo ya Yesu avuga ku byo kwikuramo ijisho no kwicaho ikiganza, ngo bayafate nk’uko yanditse muri Bibiliya, kuko usanga ibyo bitekerezo bihabanye n’ibindi Byanditswe, kandi ikigaragara neza ni uko Yesu yabivugiye gushaka gushimangira igitekerezo cyo kwirinda ibishuko by’ubusambanyi. Nyamara abenshi cyane mu itorero bagerageza gusobanura icyo Yesu yashakaga kuvuga avuga ko kongera gushaka watandukanye n’uwo mwashakanye ari ubusambanyi, bakavuga ko uko byanditse nyine ari ko bisobanura, nubwo iyo nsobanuro ituma ayo magambo ahabana n’ibindi Byanditswe. Intego ya Yesu kwari ukugira ngo abamuteze amatwi bumve uburemere bw’icyo kintu, afite ibyiringiro ko umubare w’abashakanye batandukana uzagabanuka. Abayoboke be baramutse bashyize ku mutima ibyo yavuze ku byerekeye irari, nta busambanyi bwakababonetsemo. Iyo hataza kuba ubusambanyi kandi nta byo kuvuga ngo hari ugutandukana kw’abashakanye byubahirije amategeko byabaho, nta gutandukana kw’abashakanye kwabaho, nk’uko mu by’ukuri Imana yabishakaga kuva mbere.

Mbese Umugabo Atera Umugore we Gusambana Ate?

(How Does a Man Make His Wife Commit Adultery?)

Urabona ko Yesu yavuze ati, “Umuntu wese usenda umugore we atamuhora gusambana, aba amuteye gusambana.” Ibi na none bituma twumva ko atashyiragaho itegeko rishya rigenga kongera gushaka, ahubwo yahishuraga gusa ukuri ku byerekeye icyaha cy’umugabo usenda umugore we nta mpamvu ifatika. Aba “amuteye gusambana.” Bamwe bavuga ko Yesu yategekaga ko uwo mugore atongera gushaka, kuko yavuze ko byaba bibaye ubusambanyi. Ariko ibyo nta shingiro. Hano icyo Yesu ashimangira ni icyaha cy’umugabo usenda umugore we. Bitewe n’ibyo akoze, umugore we nta kindi azakora uretse gushaka undi mugabo, kandi ku rwe ruhande nta cyaha azaba akoze kuko we azize gusa kwikunda k’umugabo we. Nyamara ku Mana, kuko uwo mugabo atereranye umugore we bigatuma nta kindi yakora uretse gushaka undi mugabo, ni nk’aho yakohereje umugore ku gahato kujya kuryamana n’undi mugabo. Nuko rero uwibwiraga ko nta busambanyi yakoze ahubwo akaba abarwaho icyaha kabiri, icyaha cye n’icy’umugore we.

Yesu ntabwo yavugaga ko Imana ibara icyaha kuri wa mugore wahohotewe, kuko byaba ari ukumurenganya, kandi mu by’ukuri ntacyo byaba bivuze uwo mugore w’inzirakarengane agumye aho ntiyongere gushaka. Imana se yari kuvuga ite ko ari umusambanyi atongeye gushaka? Ntacyo byaba bivuze na gato. Nuko rero Imana ibara kuri uwo mugabo ubusambanyi bwe ikamubaraho n’ “ubusambanyi” bw’umugore we, mu by’ukuri we si ubusambanyi na mba. Ni ukongera gushaka byemewe n’amategeko.

Hanyuma se twavuga iki ku magambo ya Yesu akurikiraho ngo “kandi uzacyura uwasenzwe azaba asambanye”? Hari ibintu bibiri gusa bishoboka byagira uko byumvikanye. Kimwe ni uko Yesu yabaraga icyaha ubwa gatatu kuri wa mugabo wibwira ko nta busambanyi yakoze (bitewe n’ubundi na za mpamvu zatumye akimubaraho kabiri), ikindi gishoboka ni uko Yesu yavugaga umugabo waba woheje umugore ngo ate umugabo we amwishakire maze bigaragare ko we “nta busambanyi yakoze.” Niba Yesu yaravugaga ko umugabo uwo ari we wese ku isi urongoye umugore wasenzwe aba asambanye, noneho buri mugabo w’Umuyisirayeli wese, mu myaka magana ane mbere yaho, warongoye umugore wasenzwe, nk’uko amategeko ya Mose yabyemeraga, yakoze icyaha cy’ubusambanyi. Mu by’ukuri ubwo abagabo bose bari muri iryo teraniro bafite abagore bacyuye barasenzwe n’abandi bagabo nk’uko amategeko ya Mose yabibemereraga, ako kanya bahise bagibwaho n’icyaha kitari kibariho umunota umwe mbere yaho, kandi ubwo Yesu agomba kuba ari ho yari agihindura amategeko y’Imana. Kandi uhereye ubwo ni ukuvuga ngo umuntu wese uzajya ashaka uwatandukanye n’uwo bashakanye, yizeye amagambo ya Pawulo mu rwandiko yandikiye Abakorinto avuga ko icyo atari icyaha, azaba akoze icyaha cy’ubusambanyi.

Umwuka ugize Bibiliya wantera gushima umugabo washatse umugore wasenzwe n’umugabo we. Niba ari umugore wahohotewe n’umugabo we wa mbere kubera kwikunda kwe, uwo mugabo namushima nk’uko nashima urongora umupfakazi, akamwitaho akamufasha. Uwo mugore abaye hari amakosa yakoze mu gutandukana n’umugabo we wa mbere, uwo mugabo umucyuye namushimira umutima we ushushanywa n’uwa Kristo mu kwizera ko uwo mugore azaba mwiza, akibagirwa ibyahise kandi akemera gusa n’uwigerezaho. Ni nde muntu wasomye Bibiliya kandi akaba afite Umwuka Wera muri we ushobora kuvuga ko Yesu yabuzaga umuntu wese kuzashaka umuntu uwo ari we wese watandukanye n’uwo bashakanye? Mbese ibyo bihurira he no kudaca urwa kibera kw’Imana, kutabera kudashobora guhana umuntu kubera ko yahohotewe, nk’uko bimeze ku mugore wasenzwe azira ubusa? Mbese igitekerezo nk’icyo gihurira he n’ubutumwa bwiza, butanga imbabazi n’andi mahirwe ku munyabyaha wihannye?

Mu Ncamake

(In Summary)

Bibiliya ikomeza kuvuga ko buri gihe iyo habaye gutandukana kw’abashakanye haba hari uwakoze icyaha muri bo cyangwa bombi bakaba bafitemo uruhare. Ntabwo Imana yigeze ishaka ko hari uwatandukana n’uwo bashakanye, ariko mu mbabazi zayo yemeye ko mu gihe habaye ubusambanyi umuntu yatandukana n’uwo bashakanye. Kandi mu mbabazi zayo yemeye ko igihe habaye gutandukana kw’abashakanye bashobora no kongera gushaka.

Iyo ataba amagambo Yesu yavuze ku byerekeye kongera gushaka, nta n’umwe wasoma Bibiliya ngo yigere atekereza ko kongera gushaka ari icyaha (uretse nk’ahantu habiri gusa mu Isezerano Rya Kera n’ahandi hamwe mu Rishya, urugero nk’umukristo utandukana n’undi mukristo bashakanye akongera agashaka). Ariko hari uburyo bwumvikana twabonye bwo guhuza ibyo Yesu yavuze ku kongera gushaka n’ibyo ibindi Byanditswe bya Bibiliya bisigaye bivuga. Yesu ntiyarimo asimbuza amategeko y’Imana yerekeye ku byo kongera gusha ayandi akaze kuyarusha abuza umuntu kongera gushaka na rimwe, amategeko adashoboka kubahirizwa ku bantu bamaze gutandukana n’abo bashakanye bakongera gushaka (nko gusubiranya igi ryamenetse), kandi amategeko nk’ayo yatera urujijo akaba yatuma abantu bica andi mategeko y’Imana. Ahubwo Yesu yafashaga abantu gusobanukirwa uburyarya bwabo. Yafashaga abibwiraga ko badashobora gusambana kumenya ko ahubwo bakora ubusambanyi mu bundi buryo, mu buryo bw’irari ryabo no gusenda abagore babo uko bishakiye kose.

Nk’uko Bibiliya yose uko yakabaye yigisha, umunyabyaha wihannye ababarirwa icyaha icyo ari cyo cyose, kandi agahabwa amahirwe ya kabiri n’aya gatatu, n’abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye barimo. Mu Isezerano Rishya nta cyaha kiri mu kongera gushaka uko ari ko kose, uretse gusa umukristo watandukanye n’umukristokazi, ikintu kitari gikwiriye kubaho kuko abizera nyakuri badasambana, ubwo rero nta mpamvu igaragara yo gutandukana. Biramutse bibayeho bagatandukana, bombi bagomba kugumira aho batongeye gushaka cyangwa bakiyunga bagasubirana.

[1] Urugero, tekereza ku magambo umupastori umwe watandukanye n’umugore we yavuze ubwo bamucaga mu Itorero kubera ko yongeye gushaka. Yaravuze ati, “Byari kuba byiza iyo nica umugore wanjye kuruta gutandukana na we. Iyo mwica, nari kwihana, nkababarirwa, nkongera ngashaka mu buryo bwemewe, ngakomeza ngakora umurimo w’Imana.”