Chapter 13

;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] laifo Pp6f o:tf] laifo xf] h;sf] laifodf k|foM u/]/ ;fFrf] O{;fO{x¿sf] aLrdf laafbx¿ x’g] ub{5 . b’O{ cfwf/e”t k|Zgx¿ To; laafbsf] cfwf/x¿ x’g M != ;DaGw laR5]b k/d]Zj/sf] b[li6df ;Fw} u|x0fof]Uo 5 ls 5}g < w]/} ;+3—;+:yfx¿sf ;fy} :jtGq d08nLx¿sf] s’g s’/f u|x0fof]Uo 5 / s’g s’/f u|x0fof]Uo 5}g eGg] ;DaGwdf ltgLx¿sf] k|zf;lgs l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df wd{zf:qsf] cfˆg} JofVof x’G5 . ltgLx¿ cfˆgf ltg} JofVofnfO{ ljZjf; u/]/ ltgLx¿4f/f g} lhpg] ePsf]n] xfdLn] ltgLx¿ ;a}nfO{ cfb/ ug'{ k5{ — olb ltgLx¿n] ljZjf; u/]sf s’/fx¿ k/d]Zj/sf] nflu ltgLx¿n] k|]d u/]/ k|]l/t ul/Psf eP . oBlk, olb ltgLx¿ ;a} !))Ü g} wd{zf:qLo 5g eg] of] lgZro klg pQd x’g] lyof] . r]nf agfpg] ;]jsn] k/d]Zj/n] rfxg’ ePsf] s’/fb]lv aflx/ eP/ lzIff lbg rfxb}gg . gtf k/d]Zj/n] dflg;x¿n] lnP/ lxF8gsf] nflu h’g s’/f OR5f ug'{ x’Gg ToxL s’/f g} nfbg p;n] rfxG5 . dgdf ToxL nIo lnP/ d o; ljjfbf:kb laifodf wd{zf:qsf] JofVof ug{ clt /fd|f] tl/sfn] k|oTg ug{ nflu/x]sf] 5′ / tkfO{+ o;df ;xdt x’g’xf]; jf c;xdt x’g’xf]; eg]/ tkfO{nfO{ g} 5f]8b5′ .

;DaGw laR5]b cfh ;+;f/df ePsf] Psbd clgolGqt ;d:of xf] eGg] s’/fk|lt d klg tkfO{+ h:t} larlnt JolQm ag]sf] 5′ eGb} o; laifonfO{ clu a9fpg rfxG5′ . ce}m w]/} larlnt agfpg] jf:tljs s’/f rFflx w]/} O{;fO{ egfpFbfx¿n] / ;]jsfOdf ePsfx¿ ;d]tn] klg ;DaGw laR5]b ul//x]sf 5g . of] Psbd 7″nf] la5f]8 xf] . o;nfO{ ce}m a9L x’g lbg’af6 /f]SgnfO{ xfdLn] ;s]hlt ;f/f s’/fx¿ ug'{ kb{5 / ;DaGw laR5]bsf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ pkfo rFflx k/d]Zj/sf] jrg k|rf/ ug'{ / dflg;x¿nfO{ kZrftfkdf 8f]¥ofpg’ xf] . ha b’O{hgf ljjflxt bDkltx¿n] laz’4 ¿kdf gofF u/L hlGdP/ b’j}hgfn] v|Li6nfO{ k5ofpF5g ltgLx¿n] slxn] klg ;DaGw laR5]b ub}{gg . r]nf agfpg] ;]jsn] o; ;DaGwdf k|efjsf/L lzIff lbgsf] nflu cfˆg} j}jflxs hLjgnfO{ alnof] agfpg’ kb{5 egL hfg]/ p;n] ug{ ;Sg] ;f/f k|oTg ug{ ;S5 .

d of] s’/f klg yKb5′ , ls d}n] v’zL;fy j}jflxs hLjg latfPsf] kRrL; aif{ eO;Sof] / Tof]eGbf clu d}n] slxn] ljjfx u/]sf] lyOg . d ;DaGw laR5]bsf] af/]df slxn] klg sNkgf ug{ ;lQmg . To;}n] d]/f] cfˆg} vflt/ ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL s7Lg wd{zf:qnfO{ xNsf agfpg] s’g} clek|fo dl;t 5}g . oBlk ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ dflg;x¿sf] nflu d;Fu s8f ;xfg’e”lt 5 / d hfGb5′ , ls d cfk}m hjfg eP/ d}n] ljjfx u/]sf] JolQm;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{sf] nflu k/LlIft x’g ;lhn};Fu lg0f{o ug{ ;Sy]+ . csf]{ zAbdf eGg’ xf] eg] d}n] ;DaGw laR5]bdf klg cGt ug{ ;Sy]+ t/ k/d]Zj/sf] cg’u|xsf] sf/0fn] d}n] of] u/]sf] x’Ggy]+ . d]/f] ljrf/df d}n] eGb} u/]sf] s’/f;Fu w]/}h;f] ljjflxt dlfg;x¿ ;DalGwt x’g ;S5g , To;}n] xfdLn] cfk}mnfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ dflg;x¿nfO{ 9’Ëf xfGgaf6 /f]Sg’ kb{5 . ljjfxnfO{ gLr agfpg] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿nfO{ bf]ifL 7x/fpg], ltgLx¿ s;/L l6Sg ;S5g eg]/ pkfo g} yfxf gePsf xfdLx¿ sf] xf}+ < k/d]Zj/n] ltgLx¿nfO{ xfdLx¿eGbf w]/} a9L wdL{ 7fGg ;Sg’ x’G5, ha xfdL ToxL cj:yfdf k5f}{+ emg l56f] ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;S5f}+ eGg] pxfF hfGg’ x’G5 .

ljjfx ug]{ s;}n] klg cGtdf ;DaGw laR5]b u5′{ egL cfzf u/]sf] x’Fb}g, ;DaGw laR5]baf6 u’lh|P/ hfg]x¿n]eGbf a9L s;}n] klg o;nfO{ 3[0ff u5{ h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . To;}n] xfdL ljjflxt dflg;x¿nfO{ j}jflxs eP/} /lx/xgsf] nflu ;xfotf ug'{ k5{ / ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] lbO/xg’ePsf] cg’u|x kfpgsf] nflu ;xfotf ug'{ k5{ . d}n] n]v]sf] s’/f klg ToxL dg;fon] g} xf] .

wd{zf:qsf kbx¿nfO{ JofVof ug{sf] nflu wd{zf:qnfO{ g} cg’dlt lbg] d k|oTg ug]{5′ . o; laifodf ePsf kbx¿n] k|foM u/]/ wd{zf:qsf c? kbx¿;Fu af‰b} JofVof ePsf] d}n] yfxf u/]sf] 5′ , h;n] lglZrt ¿kdf of] b]vfpF5, ls tL kbx¿ s’g} cy{df s’g} efudf ga’lemPsf dfq x’g .

A Foundation

Pp6f hu

ca xfdL Pp6f cfwf/e”t ;Totfsf ;fy ;’? u/f}+, h;;Fu xfdL ;a}hgf ;xdt x’g ;S5f}+ . cltg} cfwf/e’t ¿kn] ;fdfGotof k/d]Zj/ ;DaGw laR5]bsf] la?4df x’g’ x’G5 eGg] s’/f wd{zf:qn] lglZrt ¿kdf eGb5 . s]xL O;|fPnL dflg;x¿n] ltgLx¿sf >Ldltx¿;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ul//x]sf] ;dodf pxfFn] cfˆgf] cudjQmf dnfsL4f/f o:tf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ eof] M

Æ;DaGw laR5]bsf] s’/fnfO{ d 3[0ff ub{5′ ============== h;n] cfk”mnfO{ cfˆgf] j:qn] e}m v/fa s’/fn] 9fSb5, To;nfO{ klg d 3[0ff u5′{ ========= To;}n] cfk”mnfO{ cfTdfdf /Iff u/ / ljZjf; eË gu/Æ -dnfsL @M!^_ .

k|]d ug]{ ;DaGwdf of] k/d]Zj/sf] u’0f xf] eg]/ hfGg] hf];’s}nfO{ o; s’/fn] 5Ss kfb}{g jf ;DaGw laR5]bn] klt—kTgL / 5f]/f—5f]/Lx¿nfO{ s;/L xfgL k’¥ofpFb5 eg]/ yfxf x’g] hf] ;’s}nfO{ klg o;n] 5Ss kfb}{g . ;fdfGo ¿kdf ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL bof ul/Psf] hf];’s}sf] g}lts rl/qdf xfdLn] k|Zg ug'{ kb{5 . k/d]Zj/ k|]d x’g’ x’G5 -! o”xGgf $M*_, / To;}n] pxfFn] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug'{ x’G5 .

s]xL kml/;Lx¿n] k|e’ o]z”;Fu Æs’g} sf/0fsf] nfluÆ ;DaGw laR5]bsf] Joj:yf ;DaGwL PskN6 k|Zg ;f]w]sf lyP . pxfFsf] hjfan] ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL pxfFsf] cfwf/e”t c;xdltnfO{ k|s6 ub{5 . jf:tjdf ;DaGw laR5]b xf]; egL s;}sf] nflu klg pxfFsf] dg;fo slxn] ePg

Æclg kml/;Lx¿ pxfFsxfF cfP/ pxfFnfO{ hfFr ug{ egL pxfF;Fu ;f]w], …s] s;}n] s’g} sf/0f :jf:gL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{‘ plrt 5 <… clg pxfFn] hjfa lbP/ eGg’ eof], …s] ltdLx¿n] k9]sf 5}gf}, ls ;[li6stf{n] ltgLx¿nfO{ ;’?df g} g/ / gf/L u/L agfpg’ eof], / eGg’ eof], o;}sf/0f dflg;n] cfˆgf afa’ / cfdfnfO{ 5f]8]/ cfˆgL :jf:gL;Fu ldln/xG5 / tL b’O{hgf Pp6} z/L/ x’g]5g <… kl/0ffd:j¿k oL ca b’O{ xf]Ogg t/ Pp6} z/L/ x’G5g . o;sf/0f k/d]Zj/n] h;nfO{ Ps;fy hf]g'{ ePsf] 5, To;nfO{ s’g} dflg;n] g5’6ofcf];Æ -dQL !(M #—^_ .

P]ltxfl;s ¿kdf k|e’ o]z”sf] ;dodf ox”bL wd{u’?x¿sf] aLrdf b’O{j6f larf/wf/fx¿ lyP eGg] xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 . xfdL tL larf/wf/fx¿nfO{ kl5af6 la:t[t ¿kdf JofVof ug]{5f}+, t/ clxn] olt dfq} eGg kof{Kt x’G5, ls Pp6f larf/wf/f k/Dk/fjfbL lyof] eg] csf]{ rFflx pbf/jfbL lyof] . clt uDeL/ ¿kdf g}lts sf/0fsf] nflu dfq} dflg;nfO{ cfˆgL :jf:gL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ cg’dlt 5 egL k/Dk/fjfbL larf/wf/f /fVg]x¿n] ljZjf; ub{y] . pbf/jfbLx¿n] rFflx h];’s} sf/0f b]vfP/ s’g} :qLnfO{ nf]enfUbf] kfP eg] klg cfˆgL :jf:gLl;t ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ ljZjf; ub{y] . oL g} Ps—csf{df af‰g] larf/wf/fx¿sf] cfwf/df kml/;Lx¿n] k|e’ o]z”;Fu k|Zg ;f]w]sf lyP .

k|e’ o]z”n] pTklQsf] k’:tssf] ;’?sf k[i7x¿af6 wd{zf:qsf kbx¿nfO{ pb[t u/L lbg’ eof], h;n] :qL / k”?if b’j}nfO{ c:yfO{ ¿kdf geP/ :yfO{ ¿kdf hf]8gsf] nflu lyof] eg]/ k/d]Zj/sf] df}lns of]hgfnfO{ k|:t’t u/L lbof] . k/d]Zj/n] dgdf ljjfxnfO{ s]lGb«t u/]/ b’O{ lnË agfpg’ eof] eg]/ df]zfn] 3f]if0ff u/L lbP / Tof] ljjfx o:tf] laz]if ;DaGw xf] h’g k|fylds ;DaGw x’g hfG5 . of] Psk6s :yflkt eO{ ;s]kl5 o;n] cfˆgf afa’ cfdfx¿;Fusf] ;DaGweGbf klg pRrsf] ;DaGwdf ltgLx¿nfO{ k’¥ofO{ lbG5 . dflg;x¿n] cfˆgf :jf:gLx¿;Fu ldln/xgsf] nflu cfˆgf afa’—cfdfnfO{ 5f]8b5g .

o;sf] cltl/Qm dlfg; / p;sL :jf:gLsf] aLr x’g] of}g Pstfn] k/d]Zj/n] ltgLx¿nfO{ Ps x’gsf] nflu lgo’Qm ug'{ ePsf] s’/fnfO{ b]vfpF5 . o:tf] k|sf/sf] ;DaGw h;n] ;Gtfg hGdfpg] kl/0ffd NofpF5 Tof] c:yfO{ xf]Og t/ :yfO{ xf]; eGg] k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo xf] eGg] s’/f :ki6 5 . k|e’ o]z”n] kml/;Lx¿nfO{ lbg’ ePsf] hjfan] pxfFsf] lg/fzfnfO{ emNsfPsf] xf], ls eg]/ dnfO{ z+sf nfU5, ls o:tf] k|sf/sf] k|Zg lsg ;f]lwof] . dflg;x¿n] Æs’g} sf/0fÆ n] cfˆgf :jf:gLx¿;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b u?g eGg] lgZro klg k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo lyPg .

jf:tjdf s’g} klg k|sf/n] s;}n] kfk u/f]; eGg] k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo lyPg, t/ xfdL ;a}n] kfk u/]sf5f}+ . bof u/]/ k/d]Zj/n] xfdLnfO{ kfksf] bf;Tjaf6 5’6sf/f ug]{ k|aGw u/L lbg’ eof] . o;sf] cltl/Qm xfdLn] pxfFn] grfxg’ ePsf] s’/f ul/;s]kl5 xfdLnfO{ pxfFn] eGgsf] nflu s]xL s’/f pxfF;Fu 5 . To;} u/]/ s;}n] klg ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf] xf]; eg]/ k/d]Zj/n] slxn] klg OR5f ug'{ ePg t/ ;DaGw laR5]b dflg;x¿sf] aLrdf k/d]Zj/k|lt ;dlk{t gePsf] ckl/xfo{ s’/f lyof] . klxnf] ;DaGw laR5]bdf jf To:t} ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nfvf}+ kl/0ffdx¿df k/d]Zj/ 5Ss kg'{ ePsf] lyPg clg To;}n] ubf{ pxfFn] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff dfq ug'{ ePg t/ dflg;x¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b ul/;s]kl5 ltgLx¿nfO{ eGgsf] nflu pxfF;Fu s]xL s’/f 5 eg]/ klg pxfFn] 3f]if0ff ug'{ x’G5 .

In the Beginning

k|f/Dedf

o;}sf] cfwf/df k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df s] eGg’ePsf] 5 egL xfdL laz]if ¿kdf a0f{g ug{ ;’? ug{;S5f}+ . ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df cltg} ljjfbf:kb egfOx¿ k|e’ o]z”n] O;|fPnLx¿nfO{ eGg’ePsf] s’/fx¿ ePsf]n] ubf{, ToxL laifodf ;}++of}+ aif{ cufl8 k/d]Zj/n] klxn]sf O;|fPnLx¿nfO{ s] eGg’ePsf] lyof] egL cWoog ugf{n] xfdLnfO{ ;xfotf k’Ug]5 . olb xfdLn] k/d]Zj/n] df]zf4f/f / k|e’ o]z”4f/f eGg’ePsf] s’/fx¿ Ps—cfk;df afe]msf] kfof}+ eg], xfdL of] s’/fdf lglZrt x’g ;S5f}+, ls rFflx k/d]Zj/sf Joj:yf kl/jt{g ePsf] 5 jf df]zf jf k|e’ o]z”4f/f k/d]Zj/n] eGg’ePsf] s’/fnfO{ xfdLn] unt cy{ nufPsf5f}+ . To;}n] ca xfdL klxn] k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfx ;DaGwdf s] s’/f k|s6 ug'{eof] egL x]/f}+ .

k|e’ o]z”cg’;f/ pTklQ @ cWofosf] v08df ePsf] s’/f d}n] klxn]af6 pNn]v ul/lbPsf] 5′ , Tof] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] laifo;Fu s]xL ldNbf]h’Nbf] 5 . pTklQdf ePsf] ljj/0f xfdL of] ;do ;Lw} k9g]5f}+ M

Æca h’g s/Ë k/dk|e’ k/d]Zj/n] dflg;af6 lgsfNg’ePsf] lyof], To;af6 Pp6L :qL agfP/ dflg;sxfF Nofpg’eof] clg dflg;n] eg], …of] t d]/} xf8sf] xf8 / df;’sf] df;’ xf] Ù ltgnfO{ :qL elgg]5, lsgeg] ltgL k”?ifaf6 lgsflnPsL lyOg .Æ o;}sf/0f dflg;n] cfˆgf afa’—cfdfnfO{ 5f]8]/ cfˆgL :jf:gL;Fu ldln/xG5 / ltgLx¿ Pp6} z/L/ x’G5gÆ -pTklQ @M@@—@$_ .

To;f] t oxfF ljjfxsf] ;’?jft ePsf] 5 . k/d]Zj/n] klxnf] dflg;sf] nflu p;}af6 klxnf] :qL agfOlbg’eof] / JolQmut tj/n] To;nfO{ psxfF NofOlbg’eof] . k|e’ o]z”sf jrgx¿df, Æk/d]Zj/n] -ltgLx¿_ b’j}nfO{ Ps;fy hf]8g’eof]Æ ============== -dQL !(M^_ . of] k/d]Zj/n] lgo’Qm u/L lbg’ePsf] ljjfxn] ljjfxsf] ;f/f kl/0ffdsf] nflu gd”gf k|:t’t u/L lbPsf] 5 . k/d]Zj/n] k”?ifx¿s} uGtLdf :qLx¿ klg agfOlbg’x’G5 / ltgLx¿n] ;[li6 ug'{x’G5, h;n] ubf{ ltgLx¿ lak/Lt lnËLx¿;Fu cfslif{t x’G5g . To;}n] o;/L klg eGg ;lsG5, ls k/d]Zj/n] ce}m klg 7″nf] gfkdf ljjfxsf] to u/L lbg’x’G5 -oBlk cfbd / xjfsf] nflu k/d]Zj/n] hf]8L afFwL lbg’ePsf]eGbf klg a9L x/]s JolQmsf] nflu pxfFn] w]/}nfO{ eljio ;fk]If x’g] u/L hf]8L aFflwlbg’x’G5_ . To;}sf/0f k|e’ o]z”n] k/d]Zj/n] hf]8g’ePsf]nfO{ s;}n] g5’6ofcf]; eg]/ eGg’eof] . nf]Ug] / :jf:gL df}lns ¿kdf cnu—cnu eP/ lhpg eGg] k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo lyPg, t/ ltgLx¿n] Ps—csf{nfO{ e/f];f u/]/ ;Fu;Fu} lhpg] s’/fdf cflzif kfpg eGg] pxfFsf] OR5f lyof] . k/d]Zj/sf] :ki6 ¿kdf k|s6 ePsf] OR5fnfO{ pn‹g ug]{ s’/fn] kfknfO{ :yflkt ub{5 . o;/L afOansf] bf];|f] cWofon] s’g} klg ljjfxsf] nflu ;DaGw laR5]b k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo lyPg eGg] tYo atfPsf] 5 .

God’s Law Written In Hearts

k/d]Zj/sf] Joj:yf Åbodf n]lvPsf] 5

h;n] pTklQsf] bf];|f] cWofonfO{ slxn] klg k9]sf] 5}g, ltgLx¿n] klg ;DaGw laR5]b unt xf] egL hfg]sf x’Fb}gg, ha ls w]/} d”lt{k”hs ;+:s[ltx¿df hLjgel/sf] nflu ljjfxsf] a]nf s/f/ ug]{ cEof; t ul/G5 t/ dflg;x¿nfO{ ToxfF afOalno 1fg g} x’Fb}g . h;/L kfjnn] /f]dLx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] kqdf n]v]sf5g M

Ælsgls Joj:yf gx’g] cGohfltx¿ :jefj}n] Joj:yfcg’;f/sf] sfd ub{5g eg], ltgLx¿sf] Joj:yf geP tfklg ltgLx¿ cfˆgf] lglDt cfk}m Joj:yf x’G5g , Joj:yfn] rfx]sf s’/fx¿ cfˆgf Åbodf n]lvPsf ltgLx¿ b]vfpF5g / ltgLx¿sf] cfˆg} ljj]sn] klg ujfxL lbG5 / ltgLx¿sf ljrf/n] slxn] ltgLx¿nfO{ bf]:ofpF5g / slxn] ;dy{g u5{g -/f]dL @M!$,!%_ .

k/d]Zj/sf] g}lts Joj:yf x/]s dfgj Åbodf n]lvPsf] x’G5 . jf:tjdf Tof] ljj]s4f/f af]Ng] g}lts Joj:yf g} k/d]Zj/n] x/]s h’g ;’s} dflg;nfO{ lbg’ePsf] O;|fPnL dflg;x¿b]lv afx]s, cfbdb]lv k|e’ o]z”sf] ;do;Ddsf ;a}nfO{ lbg’ePsf] Joj:yf xf] . ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug]{ ;d]t hf];’s}n] klg cfˆgf] ljj]ssf] ;fdgf ug'{kb{5 eGg] s’/f] kfpFb5 clg p;n] cfˆgf] ljj]sdfly ljho ug{nfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL s]xL /fd|f] ;dy{g kfpg’kb{5 . olb p;n] s’g} /fd|f] ;dy{glagf ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ a9fjf lbG5 eg] p;sf] ljj]sn] p;nfO{ Tof] s’/fnfO{ p;n] bdg u/] tfklg bf]ifL 7x/fpg]5 .

xfdLnfO{ yfxf ePcg’;f/ cfbdb]lv s/La !$)) v|Li6k”j{lt/ O;|fPnnfO{ df]zfsf] Joj:yf glbpGh]n;Dd ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] ;DaGwdf O;|fPnLx¿ ;d]t ;a}nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] ljj]ssf] Joj:yfsf] k|sfz lbg’ePsf] lyof] Ù k/d]Zj/n] Tolt g} kof{Kt x’G5 eGg] ljrf/ ug'{eof] -df]zfn] k|:yfgsf] ;do gcfpGh]n;Dd pTklQ @ cWofonfO{ n]v]sf lyPgg egL ;Demg’xf];_ . df]zfnfO{ Joj:yf lbg’eGbf cufl8sf tL ;tfO{; k’:tfx¿ h;df gf]cfsf] hnk|no ;d]t kb{5, ltgLx¿sf nfvf}+ ljjfxx¿ tL ;of}+ aif{x¿el/df ;DaGw laR5]bdf 6’lËPsf lyP eg]/ ;f]RFg’ lgZro klg plrt b]lvG5 . lgisif{df cfpgsf] nflu of] klg plrt b]lvG5, ls ckl/jt{lgo k/d]Zj/n] cfˆgf kfkx¿ :jLsf/ u/]/ kZrftfk ug]{x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf] bf]ifaf6 Ifdf ug]{ OR5f ul//xg’ePsf] lyof] . ca|fxfdn] ljZjf;4f/f p4f/ kfP e}mF, df]zfsf] Joj:yfeGbf cufl8 dlg;x¿n] lgZro klg p4f/ kfpg ;Sy] cyf{t k/d]Zj/åf/f ltgLx¿ wdL{ 7xl/g ;Sy] -/f]dL kfk} gu/]sf] ;DaGw laR5]bdf lkl8t ePsfx¿sf] af/]df s] eGg] t, h;n] cfˆg} uNtL4f/f cfk”mn] rfx]/ ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf] xf]Og, t/ :jfyL{ ;Dkltsf] sf/0fn] u/]sf x’g < s] ltgLx¿sf] ljj]sn] ltgLx¿nfO{ k’g M ljjfx ug'{af6 al~rt u/]sf] 5 < To:tf] x’Fb}g h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 . olb Pp6f dflg;n] cs}{ :qLsf] nflu cfˆgL :jf:gLnfO{ TofU5 eg] Tof] TofluPsLn] rFflx k’gM ljjfx ug]{ clwsf/ 5}g eg] s’g s’/fn] lgisif{lt/ 8f]¥ofpF5 < To;sf] cfˆg} uNtLn] ubf{ ;DaGw laR5]b ul/Psf] 5 xf]Og gL Û

The Law of Moses 

df]zfsf] Joj:yf

laz]if u/]/ ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] s’/f xfdL afOansf] t];|f] k’:tsdf cfO{ gk’u’Gh]n;Dd kfpFb}gf} . df]zfsf] Joj:yfleq ;’lrt ul/Psf] s’/f k’hfxf/Lx¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf :qLx¿nfO{ ljjfx ug]{ s’/fsf] la?4df lyof] M

ÆltgLx¿n] s’g} a]Zof jf lau]|sL :qL cyjf nf]Ug]n] Tofu]sL :qLnfO{ gNofpg , lsgeg] k’hfxf/Lx¿ cfˆgf k/d]Zj/sf] lglDt kljq 5gÆ -n]jL @!M&_ .

ca oxfF df]zfsf] Joj:yfleq O;|fPnsf dflg;x¿sf] ;fdfGo hg;+VofnfO{ o:tf] k|sf/sf] lgif]wf1f ul/Psf] xf] . o;sf] cltl/Qm, ev{/} pNn]v ul/Psf] kb -!_ ToxfF ;DaGw laR5]b ul/Psf O;|fPnL :qLx¿ lyP / -@_ k’hfxf/L gePsf O;|fPnL k’?ifx¿n] klxn] g} ljjfx ePsf :qLx¿nfO{ ljjfx ug'{ s’g} klg uNtL x’Fb}g eGg] s’/fdf nfu’ x’G5 . dfly pNn]v ul/Psf Joj:yfsf k’hfxf/Lx¿ / k’hfxf/Lx¿;Fu ljjfx ug{ rfxg] :qLx¿sf] nflu nfu’ x’G5 . df]zfsf] Joj:yfdf ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qLn] k’hfxf/Lx¿;Fu ljjfx gu/L c?g} JolQm;Fu k’gM ljjfx ug'{ s’g} uNtL x’Fb}g lyof] . k’hfxf/Lb]lv afx]s h’g;’s} dflg;n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL;Fu ljjfx ug'{ s’g} uNtL x’Fb}g lyof] .

k|wfg k’hfxf/L -;fob v|Li6sf] ;jf]{Rr k|ltlglwsf] ¿kdf_ c? ;fdfGo k’hfxf/Lx¿eGbf pRr txdf lhpg’ kb{Yof] . p;nfO{ lawjfl;t ;d]t ljjfx ug]{ cg’dlt lbOPsf] lyPg . xfdL kl5af6 c? s]xL kbx¿ n]jLsf] k’:tsdf k9b5f}+ M

ÆTo;n] lawjf jf ljjfx laR5]b ePsL :qL, lau|]sL :qL jf a]ZofnfO{ gNofcf]; , t/ cfˆgf] s’ns} sGof s]6LnfO{ To;n] ljjfx u/f];Æ -n]jL @!M!$_ .

s] o; kbn] hf];’s} jf ;a} O;|fPnL lawjfx¿nfO{ k’gM ljjfx ug'{ cyjf hf];’s} jf ;a} O;|fPnL k’?ifx¿nfO{ lawjfx¿nfO{ ljjfx ug'{ kfk xf] eg]/ k|dfl0ft ub{5 < cF xF, lgZro klg ub}{g . jf:tjdf of] kb s’g} klg lawjfn] k|wfg k’hfxf/L afx]s c? hf];’s} dflg;;Fu ljjfx ug{ / k|wfg k’hfxf/Ln] afx]s c? hf];’s} k’?ifn] lawjf;Fu ljjfx ug{ kfkk”0f{ xf]Og eGg] s’/fdf alnof] tj/n] nfu’ x’G5 . c? wd{zf:qsf kbx¿n] lawjfx¿sf] k’gM ljjfx ;DaGwL k”0f{ a}wflgstfnfO{ lglZrt ub{5g -/f]dL &M@,#Ù ! ltdf]yL %M!$_ .

of] kb xfdLn] klxn] g} x]l/;s]sf] kb -n]jL @!M&_ ;Fu} nfu’ x’G5, ls s’g} O;|fPnL dflg;sf] nflu -k’hfxf/L jf k|wfg k’hfxf/Lb]lv afx]s c?_ ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL jf Ælau|]sL :qL jf a]ZofÆ hf] sGof xf]OgnfO{, ljjfx ug'{ s’g} uNtL x’Fb}g lyof] . To:t} u/]/ of] kb df]zfsf] Joj:yf cg’;f/, k’hfxf/Lb]lv afx]s c?;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qLn] jf lau|]PsL :qL cyjf a]Zofn] k’gM ljjfx jf ljjfx ug'{ s’g} uNtL x’Fb}g lyof] eg]/ nfu’ x’G5 . k/d]Zj/n] tL b’j} a]Zofx¿ / ;DaGw laR5]b ePsLx¿nfO{ cg’u||xsf] ;fy k]ml/ csf]{ df}sf lbg’ePsf] lyof], oBlk pxfF a]Zofa[lQ ug]{ / ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{x¿sf] w]/} la/f]wL x’g’ x’GYof] .

A Second Specific Prohibition Against Remarriage

k’gM ljjfxsf] la?4df bf];|+f] laz]if lgif]wf1f

;DaGw laR5]b ePsf :qLx¿nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] slt w]/} Æbf];|f] df}sfx¿Æ lbg’ eof] < df]zfsf] Joj:yf cg’;f/ k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf :qLx¿nfO{ Pp6f dfq k’gM ljjfx ug{sf] nflu Pp6} dfq df}sf lbg’ ePsf] lyof] eg]/ xfdL lgisif{df cfpg] xf] t < Tof] lgisif{ unt x’g]5 . xfdL kl5af6 df]zfsf] Joj:yfdf k95f}+ . Æcfˆgf] ljjfx u/]sL :qLdf s]xL vf]6 kfP/ To;;Fu c;Gt’i6 eO{ To;nfO{ Tofukq n]lvlbP/ s;}n] cfˆgf] 3/af6 lgsflnlbof] eg], / olb 3/ 5f]8]kl5 Tof] cs}{ dflg;sL :jf:gL eO{ / bf];|f] nf]Ug] klg c;Gt’i6 eO{ To;nfO{ Tofu kq n]lvlbP/ 3/af6 lgsflnlbof] eg] jf cfk}m d¥of] eg] Tof] cz’4 ePsL x’gfn] To;nfO{ TofUg] klxnf] nf]Ug]n] k]ml/ To;nfO{ cfˆgf] :jf:gL t’Nofpg kfpg]5}g Ù lsgls k/dk|e’sf] gh/df of] Ps 3[l0ft sfd xf] / k/dk|e’ ltdLx¿sf k/d]Zj/n] ltdLx¿sf] clwsf/df lbg’ x’g] b]zdf kfksf] snÍ gNofpgÆ -Joj:yf @$M!—$_ .

oL kbx¿df b’O{kN6 ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL -cyf{t Psk6s ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL / Psk6s lawjf e};s]sL :qL_ n] klxnf] nfUg];Fu k’gM ljjfx ug]{ la?4df Psdfq lgif]wf1f u/]sf] s’/fnfO{ ljrf/ ug'{xf]; . To; :qLn] bf];|f]rf]l6 k’gM ljjfx u/]sf] v08df bf]if kfpg] af/]df s]xL klg elgPsf] 5}g / Psrf]l6 To;n] ;DaGw laR5]b ul/;s]kl5 -cyf{t To;sf] bf];|f] nf]Ug]af6 lawjf eO;s]kl5_ bf];|f]k6s Tof] :qL cfˆgf] klxnf] nf]Ug];Fu kmls{P/ hfgnfO{ dfq} To;nfO{ lgif]wf1f ul/Psf] lyof] . :ki6 u/L nfu’ x’g] s’/f rFflx Tof] :qLn] c? hf];’s};Fu klg k’gM ljjfx ug{ :jtGq x’GyL -h;n] To;df df}sf lng rfxG5 Tof];Fu_ . olb s;};Fu To;nfO{ k’gM ljjfx ug{sf] nflu kfk x’GYof] eg], k/d]Zj/n] To; k|sf/sf] laz]if lgb]{zg lbg pxfFnfO{ cfjZos x’g] lyPg . pxfFn] eGg] s’/f ;a} o:tf] x’g] lyof], Æ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿nfO{ k’gM ljjfx ug{ lgif]w ul/Psf] 5Æ .

o;sf] cltl/Qm olb k/d]Zj/n] o; :qLnfO{ bf];|f]rf]l6 k’gM ljjfx ug{ cg’dlt lbg’ ePsf] eP, To;sf] klxnf] ;DaGw laR5]bkl5 To;nfO{ ljjfx ug]{ dflg; eg] bf]ifL x’g ;Sg] lyPg . clg olb p;nfO{ t];|f]rf]l6 ljjfx ug{ cg’dlt lbOPsf] eP klg Tof] bf];|f]rf]l6 ;DaGw laR5]b eO;s]kl5 ljjfx ug]{ dflg;n] kfk u/]sf] x’g] lyPg -p To;sf] klxnf] nf]Ug] geP;Dd_ To;}n] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug]{ k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿nfO{ k|]d ug'{ eof] / pxfFn] s[kfk”0f{ eP/ ltgLx¿nfO{ csf]{ df}sf lbg’ ePsf] lyof] .

A Summary

;f/fz+

xfdLn] clxn];Dd s] s] s’/f kQf nufof}+ ;f] dnfO{ ;+lIfKtdf eGg lbg’xf]; M k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug'{ eP tfklg pxfFn] k”/fgf] s/f/eGbf clu / k”/fgf] s/f/s} ;dodf klg k’gM ljjfx kfk xf] eg]/ s’g} lrGx lbg’ ePg eGg] s’/f oL b’O{j6f ckjfbsf ;fy eGg ;lsG5 M -!_ b’O{k6s;Dd ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL cyf{t PskN6 ;DaGw laR5]b / PskN6 lawjf ePsL :qLnfO{ To;sf] klxnf] nf]Ug]n] k’gM ljjfx ug]{ ;DaGwdf / -@_ ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL;Fu k’hfxf/Ln] ug]{ ljjfxsf] ;DaGwdf . o;sf] cltl/Qm, k’hfxf/Lx¿b]lv afx]s ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] JolQm;Fu s’g} JolQmn] ljjfx ug'{ kfk xf] eGg] s’g} klg ;+s]t k/d]Zj/n] lbg’ ePg .

;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿n] k’gM ljjfx ug]{ / ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ ljjfx ug]{ af/]df k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf] s’/f;Fu of] s’/f k|ToIf ¿kdf a]d]n eP/ v8f x’G5 . To:tf] k|sf/sf dflg;x¿n] Jolerf/ ub{5g egL k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ eof] -dQL %M#@_ . To;}n] xfdLn] ls t k|e’ o]z”nfO{ jf df]zfnfO{ ga’em]sf xf}+ jf k/d]Zj/n] g} cfˆgf] Joj:yfnfO{ kl/jt{g ug'{ ePsf] xf] . d]/f] zsf+ rfFlx of] xf], ls k|e’ o]z”n] l;sfpg’ePsf] s’/fnfO{ xfdLn] unt tl/sfn] JofVof ul//x]sf x’g ;S5f}+, lsgeg] k/d]Zj/n] O;|fPnnfO{ lbg’ ePsf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf kG3| aif{;Dd g}lts ¿kdf u|x0fof]Uo s’/fnfO{ g}lts ¿kd} kfkdo s’/f xf] eg]/ crfgs eGg’ x’Fbf cgf}7f] nfUb5 .

ce}m k”0f{ ¿kdf of] k|ToIf u/L cldNbf] s’/fsf] xfdLn] ;fdgf ug'{clu k”/fgf] s/f/sf] cwLgdf ePsf] k/d]Zj/n] lbg’ePsf] k’gM ljjfxsf] cg’dltn] s’g} klg k|ltaGwx¿ nufPg h’grFflx s;}sf] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu sf/0fx¿df cfwf/Lt lyof] cyf{t ;DaGw laR5]bdf bf]ifL x’g] cj:yfdf g} cfwfl/t lyof] eGg] s’/f d b]vfpg ;S5′ . k/d]Zj/n] To:tf] k|sf/sf] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dlfg;x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿ k’gM ljjfxsf] nflu cof]Uo lyP eg]/ slxn] eGg’ePg . lsgeg] ltgLx¿sf] ;DaGw laR5]b a}wflgs sf/0fx¿sf] nflu lyPg . pxfFn] slxn] klg s]xL dflg;x¿ cl4lto k|sf/n] k’gM ljjfxsf] nflu ltgLx¿sf] a}wlfgs ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] sf/0f of]Uosf 5}gg eg]/ eGg’ePg . t/} klg o:tf] k|sf/sf Gofox¿ k|foM u/]/ cfw’lgs ;]jsx¿n] Psftkm{sf] ujfxLsf] cfwf/df ug]{u5{g . pbfx/0fsf] nflu ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL Ps :qLn] cfˆgf] kfi6/nfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg] sf]l;; ub}{ eG5], ls Tof] k’gM ljjfxsf] nflu cg’dlt k|fKt ug{ of]Uo ePsL 5] . lsgeg] p ev{/} dfq cfˆgf] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] lzsf/ ePsL xf] . To;sf] klxn]sf] nf]Ug]n] To;nfO{ ToflulbPsf] 5 — To;n] p;nfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sL xf]Og . t/ Tof] kfi6/n] To; :qLsf] klxn]sf] nf]Ug]sf] tk{maf6 Tof] sxfgL ;’GgnfO{ cfˆgf sfgnfO{ df}sf lbPsf] eP ;fob p;n] To; JolQmk|lt s]xL ;xfge’lt k|s6 ug]{ lyP xf]nfg . ;fob Tof] :qL 3[l0ft lyO{ / To;n] g} s]xL bf]ifx¿ afF8r’F8 u/L .

d tL klt kTgLnfO{ lrG5′ hf]x¿ b’j}hgfn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu kmfOn tof/ ug{nfO{ Psn] csf{nfO{ pQ]lht kfg]{ sf]l;; ul//x]sf lyP, h;n] ubf{ x/]sn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu kmfOn agfpg] s’/fsf] bf]ifnfO{ OGsf/ ug{ ;Sy] . ltgLx¿ b’j}hgfn] ltgLx¿sf] ;DaGw laR5]bkl5 kmfOn agfpg] ltgLx¿ xf]Og, t/ ltgLx¿sf] cfˆgf] bDkltnfO{ b]vfP/ Psn] csf{nfO{ bf]if nufpg ;Sy] / o;/L ltgLx¿sf] cfˆgf] bf];|f] ljjfx sfg”gL x’GYof] . xfdLn] dflg;x¿nfO{ d”v{ agfpg ;S5f}+ t/ k/d]Zj/nfO{ d”v{ agfpg ;Q}mgf}+ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu Tof] :qLnfO{ pxfFn] s;/L d’NofÍg ug'{x’G5 hf] cfˆgf] nf]Ug];Fu of}g s[ofaf6 cnu eO{ / Tof]k|lt To;sf] nf]Ug] cljZjf;of]Uo ePsf] sf/0f To;n] ;DaGw laR5]b u/L < s] Tof] slDtdf klg ;DaGw laR5]bsf] Ps efu hjfkmb]xL x’g’kb}{g <

Joj:yf @$ cWofodf xfdLn] ev{/} b’O{kN6;Dd ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qLsf] af/]df k9]sf] s’/fn] To;sf b’O{j6f ;DaGw laR5]bsf] a}wflgs s’/fsf] af/]df s]xL klg elgPsf] 5}g . To;sf] klxnf] nf]Ug]n] To;df s]xL Ævf]6Æ kfof] . olb Tof] vf]6 ÆJolerf/ ;DaGwL lyof] eg], df]zfsf] Joj:yfcg’;f/ Tof] 9’Ëfn] xfg]/ dfl/g’kYof]{, h;n] Jolerf/Lx¿nfO{ 9’Ëfn] xfg]/ dfg'{k5{ eg]/ eGb5 -n]jL @)M!)_ . To;}n] olb Jolerf/ g} ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu a}wflgs sf/0f dfq xf] eg], ;fob To;sf] klxnf] nf]Ug]sf] To;nfO{ laR5]b ug]{ sf/0f x’g] lyPg . csf]{tk{m ;fob To;n] Jolerf/ ug]sL lyO{ / dl/od—o’;’km e}mF wdL{ dflg; ePsf]n] p;n] To;nfO{ Æu’Ktdf g} TofUg] OR5fÆ u¥of] xf]nf -dQL !M !(_ . ToxfF w]/} ;Defljt sf/0fx¿ lyP .

To;sf] bf];|f] nf]Ug] ;fdfGo ¿kdf ÆTo;sf] la?4df kmls{of]Æ eg]/ eGg ;lsG5 . k]ml/ klg Psrf]l6 s;n] s;nfO{ bf]if lbof] jf ltgLx¿ cfk}mn] bf]if afF8r’F8 u/] eg]/ xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5}g . t/ o;n] s’g} leGgtf rFflx NofpFb}g . hf];’s};Fu k’gM ljjfx ug{sf] nflu To;nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] cfˆgf] cg’u|x lbg’ePsf] lyof], h;n] b’O{kN6;Dd ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qLnfO{ ljjfx ug]{ df}sf lnGYof], Tof] p;sf] klxnf] nf]Ug]b]lv afx]ssf] JolQm x’g’kYof]{ .

An Objection

Ps cfklQ

æt/ olb dflg;x¿nfO{ s’g} sf/0fn] ;DaGw laR5]b ul/;s]kl5 k’gM ljjfx ug{sf] nflu plrt x’G5 elgG5 eg], To;n] ltgLx¿nfO{ a}wflgs sf/0fx¿ b]vfP/ ;DaGw laR5]b ug{sf] nflu pT;flxt agfpg]5Æ, eg]/ k|foM bfaL ul/G5 . s]xL wfld{s dflg;x¿sf] ;DaGwdf Tof] s’/f 7Ls} xf] eGg] d 7fG5′ , hf]x¿n] k/d]Zj/nfO{ ;fFrf] ¿kdf v’zL kfg]{ k|oTg ul/x]sf x’Fb}gg , t/ k/d]Zj/df ;dlk{t gx’g] dflg;x¿nfO{ kfk ug'{ g/fd|f] cEof; xf] eg]/ ltgLx¿n] lgoGq0f ug]{ k|oTg ub{5g . Åbob]lv k/d]Zj/df ;fFrf] ¿kdf ;dlk{t x’g] dflg;x¿n] tyflk kfk ug]{ pkfox¿ vf]Hg] k|oTg ul//xb}gg . ltgLx¿n] k/d]Zj/nfO{ v’zL kfg]{ k|oTg ul//x]sf x’G5g / To:tf] k|sf/sf dflg;x¿sf] ljjfx Psbd alnof] x’G5 . o;sf] cltl/Qm k’gM ljjfxsf] pbf/jfbL Joj:yfsf] sf/0f a}wflgs Joj:yfsf] sf/0fx¿ b]vfP/ ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ k”/fgf] s/f/sf dflg;x¿sf] af/]df k/d]Zj/n] Tolt w]/} rfv lng’ePsf] lyPg eGg] s’/f :ki6 5, lsgeg] pxfFn] O;|fPnnfO{ pbf/jfbL k’gM ljjfxsf] Joj:yf lbg’ePsf] lyof] .

k/d]Zj/n] dflg;x¿sf] h’g ;’s} kfk Ifdf ug]{ OR5f ul//xg’ePsf] 5 eGg] s’/fnfO{ s] xfdLn] nTofpg] t < olb To;f] xf] eg] ltgLx¿nfO{ pT;fx ldNg] 5, lsgeg] k/d]Zj/sf] kfk Ifdfsf] cg’u|x pknAw 5 egL ltgLx¿n] hfGg]5g . lsgeg] ltgLx¿nfO{ Ifdf kof{Kt dfqfdf 5 eg]/ yfxf 5 < olb To;f] xf] eg] xfdLn] ;’—;dfrf/ k|rf/ ug{ /f]Sg’kb{5 . k]ml/ klg oL ;a} s’/f dflg;x¿sf] Åbosf] cj:yfdf e/ kb{5 . h;x¿n] k/d]Zj/nfO{ k|]d ub{5g ltgLx¿n] pxfFsf] cf1f kfng ug{ rfxG5g . dnfO{ yfxf 5 olb d}n] h’g ;’s} kfk u/] tfklg, d}n] k/d]Zj/;Fu Ifdf dfFu] eg], pxfFsf] Ifdfbfg d]/f] lglDt kof{Kt x’g]5 . t/ To;n] dnfO{ kfk ug{ eg] k|]l/t ub}{g, lsgeg] d k/d]Zj/nfO{ k|]d u5′{ / d gofF u/L hlGdPsf] JolQm x’F . d k/d]Zj/sf] cg’u|x4f/f kl/jt{g ePsf] 5′ . d pxfFnfO{ g} v’zL kfg{ rfxG5′ .

dflg;x¿nfO{ ljjflxtf g} /lx/xg k|]l/t ug]{ cfzfdf ;DaGw laR5]bsf] w]/} TofUg g;lsg] gsf/fTds kl/0ffdx¿df ce}m csf]{ klg Pp6f gsf/fTds kl/0ffd yKg cfjZos 5}g egL k/d]Zj/ hfGg’xG5 . ;d:ofn] u|:t ePsf ljjflxt dflg;x¿nfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b gug'{ /fd|f] x’G5 . lsgeg] ltgLx¿nfO{ k’gM ljjfx ug{ cg’dlt slxn] lbOg] 5}g . eGg’n] ljjflxt /lx/xgsf] nflu Psbd yf]/} dfqfdf k|]/0ff ldNb5 . olb p;n] tkfO{nfO{ ljZjf;} u5{ eg] klg, b’MvbfoL ljjflxt hLjg / PSnf] hLjgnfO{ t’ngf u/]/ x]bf{ b’MvbfoL eP/ lhPsf] ljjflxt JolQmnfO{ PSn} /xg’ :ju{ e}mF x’g]5 .

Paul on Remarriage 

k’gM ljjfxk|lt kfjnsf] wf/0ff

k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df df]zfsf] jrgx¿;Fu k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ePsf jrgx¿;Fu ldnfpgsf] nflu ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug'{clu ToxfF ce}m Pshgf afOansf] n]vs 5g h;n] df]zfsf] s’/fx¿nfO{ ;dy{g ub{5g eGg] s’/f klg hfGg cfjZos 5 / pxfFsf] gfpmF xf] kfjn k|]l/t . ;DaGw laR5]b ePsfx¿n] k’gM ljjfx ug'{ kfk xf]Og eg]/ kfjnn] :ki6;Fu n]v]sf5g , / of] df]zfsf] Joj:yfn] eg]sf] s’/f;Fu kl/lrt 5 M

Æca sGofx¿sf] af/]df k|e’sf] cf1f dl;t s]xL 5}g t/ k|e’sf] s[kf4f/f Pp6f ljZjf;of]Uo JolQmsf] x}l;otn] d ltdLx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] ;Nnfx lbG5′ . jt{dfg ;+si6nfO{ x]bf{ h’g JolQm h:tf] cj:yfdf 5 To;}df g} /x] c;n xf]nf eGg] d 7fG5′ . s] ltdLn] ljjfx u/]sf5f} < To;f] eP cfˆgL kTgLaf6 5’6g gvf]h . s] ltdL cljjflxt 5f} < To;f] eP ljjfx ug{ gvf]h . t/ ltdLn] ljjfx u¥of} eg] klg Tof] kfk xf]Og . sGof s]6Ln] ljjfx ub}{df To;n] kfk u/]sL x’Flbg . t/} klg ljjfx ug]{x¿n] o; hLjgdf si6sf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{5 / d ltdLnfO{ o;b]lv hf]ufpg rfxG5’Æ -! sf]) ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf JolQmx¿sf] k’gM ljjfxsf] Joj:yf lbgsf] nflu kfjn of]Uo lyPgg eGg] s’/fnfO{ ofb ug'{xf]; . olb ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] JolQmn] p;sf] klxn]sf] ;DaGw laR5]bdf s’g} klg bf]if kfpFb}g eg] k’gM ljjfxsf] cg’dlt lbOPsf] 5 eg]/ dfq} p;n] eg]gg . -clg s:tf] JolQm k/d]Zj/eGbf cs}{ eP/ o:tf s’/fsf] lg;fkm ug{ of]Uosf] x’G5<_ k’gM ljjfx tL dflg;x¿sf] nflu dfq cg’dlt lbOPsf] 5 hf]x¿n] d’lQm kfpg’eGbf cufl8 ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf lyP eg]/ pxfFn] eg]gg . xf]Og, pxfFn] t ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu k’gM ljjfx ug'{ kfk xf]Og dfq eg]sf5g .

Was Paul Soft on Divorce? 

s] kfjn ;DaGw laR5]bsf] s’/fdf g/d lyP <

kfjnn] k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df cg’u|xL gLlt k|:t’t u/]sf] sf/0f To;sf] cy{ s] pgL ;DaGw laR5]bsf] s’/fdf xNsf ePsf lyP t < xf]Og, :ki6 ¿kdf ;fdfGo tj/n] eGbfv]l/ kfjn ;DaGw laR5]bsf] kSsf la/f]wL lyP . pxfFn] sf]l/GyLnfO{ n]v]sf] kqsf] ;’?df g} ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{ clu ;f/]sf5g h;n] k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug'{x’G5 eGg] s’/fnfO{ ;dy{g ub{5 M

Æca ljjflxtx¿nfO{ d s8f cf1f lbG5′ , d]/f] cf1f xf]Og, t/ k|e’sf] cf1f xf], kTgL kltaf6 g5’6f]; -t/ 5’l§P/ al;xfn] tfklg To;n] ljjfx gu/f]; , a? cfˆgf] klt;Fu ldnfk u/f];_ kltn] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ gTofuf]; . t/ ltdL c?x¿nfO{ d eGb5′ , of] d]/f] egfO{ xf] k|e’sf] xf]Og, olb s’g} efOsf] v|Li6df ljZjf; gug]{ kTgL 5 / ltgL p;Fu a:g rfxG5 eg] p;n] To;nfO{ gTofuf]; . olb s’g} :qLsf] v|Li6df ljZjf; gug]{ klt 5 / Tof] pl;t a:g rfxG5 eg] ltgn] cfˆgf] kltnfO{ gTofuf]; . lsgls cljZjf;L klt cfˆgL kTgL4f/f kljq x’G5 / cljZjf;L kTgL cfˆgf] klt4f/f kljq x’G5] Ù gqtf ltgLx¿sf 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿ cz’4 x’g]5g , t/ jf:jtdf ltgLx¿ t kljq 5Fb}5g . t/ ljZjf; gug]{ rFflx 5’l6G5 eg] 5’l6cf]; M o:tf] cj:yfdf Tof] v|Lli6og klt cyjf kTgL s’g} aGwgdf /xg]5}g . lsgeg] k/d]Zj/n] xfdLnfO{ zflGtdf /xg af]nfpg’ePsf] xf] . x] kTgL xf] ltdLnfO{ s] yfxf Û zfob ltdLn] cfˆgf kltnfO{ arfpg ;S5of} ls < cyjf x] klt, ltdLnfO{ s] yfxf Û zfob ltdLn] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ arfpg ;S5f} ls < k|e’n] x/]snfO{ h:tf] hLjg v6fpg’ePsf] 5 / h:tf] l:yltdf af]nfpg’ePsf] 5 ;f] ;f]xL adf]lhd Tof] rnf]; . ;a} d08nLx¿sf lglDt d]/f] lgod oxL xf]Æ -! sf]) &M !)—!&_ .

kfjnn] tL ljjflxt ljZjf;Lx¿nfO{ eg]sf] s’/fnfO{ ofb ug'{xf]; h;x¿n] ljZjf;Ll;t g} ljjfx u/]sf lyP . jf:tjdf ltgLx¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{x’Fb}g / kfjnn] eGb5g , ls of] pxfFsf] cf1f xf]Og t/ k|e’sf] cf1f xf] . xfdLn] afOandf klxn]b]lv g} ljrf/ ub}{ cfPsf k|To]s s’/fx¿nfO{ To;n] lgZro klg ;xdlt hgfpF5 .

oxfF o; s’/fn] rfvnfUbf] agfOlbG5 . s’g}—s’g} yf]/} cj:yfx¿df dfq ljZjf;Lx¿n] klg ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;S5g eGg] s’/fnfO{ dx;’; ug{ kfjn ;TojfbL lyP eGg] s’/f o;n] :ki6 ub{5 . olb To:tf] x’G5 eg], h’g JolQmn] cfˆgf] klt jf kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ub{5 Tof] cljjflxt g} a;f]; cyjf ls rFflx cfˆgf] klt jf kTgL;Fu ldnfkdf /xf]; eg]/ kfjnn] eg]sf5g -kfjnn] of] s’/f laz]if u/]/ kTgLx¿nfO{ lbPsf] eP tfklg d ljZjf; u5{‘ , ls of] lgod kltx¿nfO{ klg Tolts} nfu’x’G5_ .

k]ml/ klg kfjnn] n]v]sf s’/fx¿n] xfdLnfO{ crDedf kfb}{gg . pxfFn] klxn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] ;DaGwdf k/d]Zj/sf] Joj:yfnfO{ clu ;f/]sf5g t/ of] s’/f a’l4dfgL 9Ëdf hfGg’ kb{5, ls k/d]Zj/sf] Joj:yf ;Fw} kfng ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . To;}n] ha ;DaGw laR5]bsf] kfk b’O{ ljZjf;Lx¿sf] aLrdf x’G5 ta p;n] c? a9L lgb]{zg lbG5g . h’g JolQmn] cfˆgf] bDklt;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ub{5, To;n] ljjfx g} gul/sg a:g’kb{5 cyjf ls rFflx p;n] cfˆgf] klt jf kTgL;Fu ldnfkdf /xg’kb{5 . Tof] g} ljZjf;Lx¿sf] aLrdf lglZrt ¿kdf clt g} /fd|f] s’/f x’g]5 . hlt;Sbf] nfdf] ;do;Dd ltgLx¿ cljjflxt g} eP/ /xG5g Tolt g} a9L cfzf ltgLx¿sf] k’gM ldngsf] x’G5 / Tof] g} clt pQd s’/f x’g hfG5 . jf:tjdf, olb s;}n] k’gM ljjfx u5{ eg] To;n] cfzf / k’gM ldngsf] ;Defjgfsf] cGt u/fOlbG5 . clg olb ltgLx¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ Ifdf gx’g] kfk u/]sf] eP kfjnn] ltgLx¿nfO{ cljjflxt g} /xg’ jf k’gM ldng ug'{ eGg’df clt yf]/} sf/0fx¿ x’g] lyof] eGg] s’/f :ki6 5 .

kfjnsf] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf ljZjf;Lx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg u/]/ lbPsf] bf];|f] cf1f ;Fw} dflg;/xb}g eg]/ hfGg’ pxFf slt w]/} a’l4dfgL lyP eGg] s] tkfO{+nfO{ nfUb}g < dnfO{ t To:t} nfU5 . ;fob pxfFn] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf ljZjf;Lx¿nfO{ c? a9L lgb]{lzt cf1f lbg’ kg]{ lyPg lsgeg] ;fFrf] laZjf;Lx¿n] p;sf] klxnf] ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{x’Fb}g eGg] lgb]{lzt cf1fnfO{ k5ofpg eGg] pxfFn] cfzf u/]sf lyP clg o:t} u/]/ w]/} sd gfh’s cj:yfx¿sf nflu dfq pxfFsf] bf];|f] lgb]{lzt cf1fsf] cfjZostf kg]{ lyof] . lgZro klg ;fFrf] v|Li6sf cg’ofoLx¿n] olb ltgLx¿sf] j}jflxs ;d:ofx¿ eP ltgLx¿n] x/ t/xn] cfˆgf] ljjfxnfO{ hf]ufpg ;Sy] . clg lglZrt ¿kdf cfˆgf] ljjfxnfO{ x/ t/xn] hf]ufpg] k|oTg ubf{ klg c;kmn x’g] ljZjf;Ln] ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{ kg]{ x’GYof], lgZro klg Tof] laZjf;Ln] cfˆgf] nfh krfP/ v|Li6nfO{ cgfb/ u/]/ hf] ;’s};Fu k’gM ljjfx ug]{5 / ce}m klg k’gM ldngsf] cfzf ug]{5 . clxn]sf] cfw’lgs d08nLdf ;DaGw laR5]bsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] k|sf/sf] ;fFrf] ¿kdf ljZjf; gug]{ / ;fFRr} g} k|e’ o]z”df ;dlk{t gePsf e”m6f ljZjf;Lx¿sf] 7″nf] k|ltzt ePsf]n] ToxfF o;sf] ;fFrf] ;d:of x’G5 h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 .

k/d]Zj/n] cljZjf;Lx¿df eGbf kljq cfTdfsf] cGtjf{; ePsf ljZjf;Lx¿df w]/} 7″nf] cfzf ug'{x’G5 eg]/ ! sf]/GyL & cWofodf kfjnn] n]v]sf s’/fx¿af6 :ki6 x’G5 . ljZjf;Lx¿n] cfˆgf cljZjf; ug]{ bDklt;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{x’Fb}g, To;sf] ;fy;fy} olb ltgLx¿sf claZjf;L bDkltx¿ ltgLx¿;Fu;Fu} a:g] OR5f ub{5g eg] ;Fu} a:g’kb{5 egL kfjnn] n]v]sf] s’/f xfdL k9b5f}+ . k]ml/ klg PskN6 o; lgb]{lzt cf1fn] xfdLnfO{ 5Ss kfb}}{g, olb xfdLn] o; ljifodf ePsf] wd{zf:qsf] kbdf /x]sf x/]s s’/fnfO{ ;Dk”0f{ tj/n] k95f}+ eg] k/d]Zj/ ;DaGw laR5]bsf] la?4df x’g’x’G5 . kfjn cufl8 eGb}hfG5g , ls olb cljZjf; ug]{n] rFflx ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ rfxG5 eg] ljZjf;Ln] To;nfO{ cg’dlt lbg’k5{ . cljZjf;L k/d]Zj/df ;dlk{t x’Fb}g eg]/ kfjnnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 / To;}n] cljZjf;Ln] ljZjf;Lsf] h:tf] Jojxf/ u5{ egL pgL cfzf ub}{gg . d of] klg yKg ;S5′ , ls ha cljZjf;L ljZjf;L;Fu} /xg rfxG5 ta of] cljZjf;L ;’—;dfrf/sf] lglDt v’Nnf ePsf] xf] eGg] s’/fsf] ls t 5gs xf] jf ljZjf;L rFflx cfˆgf] ljZjf;af6 kl5 x6]sf] 5gs xf] cyjf p xfF;p7bf] v|Lli6og xf] .

cljZjf;L;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ ljZjf;L k’gM ljjfxsf] nflu :jtGq 5}g eg]/ ca s;n] eG5 < h;/L kfjnn] ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ b’O{hgf ljZjf;Lx¿nfO{ eg] To;/L o; cj:yfsf] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ slxn] klg eGg’ePsf] 5}g . cljZjf;Ln] ljZjf;Ll;tsf] j}jflxs ;DaGw laR5]b u/]kl5 ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] ljZjf;Ln] k’gMljjfx ug]{ s’/fdf k/d]Zj/n] lsg la/f]w ug'{x’G5 eGg] s’/fdf xfdLx¿ crlDet x’g’ :jefljs xf] . To;sf] pb]Zo s] xf] < ce}m klg o:tf] k|sf/sf] cg’dlt :ki6 ¿kdf k|e’ o]z”n] k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df eGg’ePsf] s’/fsf] la?4df v8f x’G5 M Æ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL;Fu ljjfx ug]{n] Jolerf/ u5{Æ -dQL %M#@_ . k|e’ o]z”n] s] s’/f eGg vf]lh/xg’ePsf] lyof] To; s’/fnfO{ unt cy{ kf] nufof}+ ls eg]/ zsf+ ug]{ 7fpmF oxfF b]vf k5{ .

The Problem

;d:of

k|e’ o]z” , df]zf / kfjn ;a}n] ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ Ps kIf jf b’j} kIf kfkdf ;xefuL ePsf x’G5g eg]/ :ki6 ¿kdf ;xdt hgfPsf5g . ;fdfGo ¿kdf eGg’kbf{ ltgLx¿ ;a} ;DaGw laR5]bsf] la?4df cla/f]wL 5g . t/ oxfF xfd|f] ;d:of 5 M k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ePsf] k’gM ljjfxsf] ;DaGw;Fu kfjn / df]zfn] eg]sf] k’gM ljjfxsf] ;DaGwnfO{ xfdL s;/L ldnfk u/fpF5f}+ < o; s’/fdf ltgLx¿ ;a}n] k/d]Zj/4f/f k|]/0ff kfP/ eg]sf] sf/0f tL s’/fx¿ Pstfdf g} ePsf] x’g’kb{5 egL lglZrt ¿kdf xfdLn] cfzf u/]sf] x’g’kb{5 .

k|e’ o]z”n] jf:tjdf s;nfO{ of] s’/f elg/xg’ePsf] lyof] / pxfFn] jf:tjdf s] eGg’ePsf] lyof] cfpg’xf]; xfdL To; s’/fnfO{ hfFrf}+ . dQLsf] ;’—;dfrf/df b’O{kN6 k|e’ o]z”n] ;DaGw laR5]b / k’gM ljjfxsf] af/]df eGg’ePsf] s’/f xfdL kfpF5f}+, PskN6 8fF8fsf] pkb]z lbPsf] ;dodf / csf]{kN6 pxfFnfO{ s]xL kml/;Lx¿n] k|Zg u/]sf] ;dodf . ca xfdL tL kml/;Lx¿;Fu k|e’ o]z”n] aftlrt ug'{ePsf] s’/faf6 o; laifonfO{ ;’? u/f}+ M

s]xL kml/;Lx¿ pxfFsxfF cfP/ pxfFnfO{ hfFr ug{ egL pxfFnfO{ ;f]w], Æs] s;}n] s’g} sf/0f :jf:gL;Fu ljjfx laR5]b ug{ plrt 5 <Æ t/ pxfFn] eGg’eof], Æs] ltdLx¿n] k9]sf 5}gf}, ls ;[li6stf{n] ltgLx¿nfO{ ;’?df g} g/ / gf/L agfpg’eof] / eGg’eof], o;}sf/0f dflg;n] cfˆgf afa’ / cfdfnfO{ 5f]8]\/ cfˆgL :jf:gL;Fu ldln/xG5 / tL b’O{hgf Pp6} z/L/ x’g]5g . tL ca b’O{ xf]Ogg t/ Pp6} z/L/ x’G5g . o;sf/0f k/d]Zj/n] h;nfO{ Ps;fy hf]8g’ePsf] 5, To;nfO{ s’g} dflg;n] g5’6ofcf]; . ltgLx¿n] pxfFnfO{ eg], Ædf]zfn] lsg ljjfx laR5]bsf] Tofukq lbP/ kTgLnfO{ TofUg] cf1f lbPÆ < pxfFn] ltgLx¿nfO{ eGg’eof], ÆltgLx¿sf Åbosf] s7f]/tfn] ubf{ g} df]zfn] kTgLnfO{ Tofu ug]{ cg’dlt ltdLx¿nfO{ lbPsf x’g Ù t/ ;’?b]lv o:tf] lyPg . d ltdLx¿nfO{ eGb5′ , h;n] Jolerf/sf] sf/0f afx]s cfˆgL :jf:gLnfO{ Tofu]/ csL{;Fu ljjfx u5{, To;n] Jolerf/ u5{ clg h;n] TofluPsLnfO{ ljjfx u5{ To;n] klg Jolerf/ ub{5Æ -dQL !(M#—(_ .

k|e’ o]z”;Fusf] jftf{nfkdf kml/;Lx¿n] d}n] ;’?df g} atfPsf] df]zfsf] Joj:yfsf] Pp6f v08 Joj:yf @$M!—$ nfO{ p4[t u/]sf] 5′ . ToxfF o:tf] n]lvPsf] lyof], Æcfˆgf] ljjfx u/]sL :qLdf s]xL vf]6 kfP/ To;;Fu c;Gt’i6 eP/ To;nfO{ Tofukq n]lvLbP/ s;}n] cfˆgf] 3/af6 lgsflnlbof] eg] ======Æ -Joj:yf @$M!_ .

k|e’ o]z”sf] ;dodf Ævf]6 ;DaGwL sfg”gsf] s’g} ljrf/wf/fx¿ lyPgg . s/La aL; jif{clu lxn]n gfd u/]sf] /AaLn] vf]6 Pp6f c;fdfGo leGgtf xf] egL lzIff lbPsf lyP . k|e’ o]z”n] kml/;Lx¿;Fu ljjfb u/]sf] ;do;Dd Ælxn]nÆ sf] JofVof h];’s} sf/0fn] klg ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] cg’dlt lbFb} ce}m pbf/jfbL aGb} uPsf] lyof] eg]/ kml/;Lx¿n] k|e’ o]z”nfO{ u/]sf] k|Zgaf6 :ki6 x’G5 . Pp6f JolQmsL kTgLn] syÍsbflrt a]n’sLsf] ef]hgdf cfuf] nufO{, jf ef]hgdf g”g rsf]{ xfnL, ;fj{hlgs 7fpFdf ;f8L prfNbfv]l/ 3’F8f b]vfO{ eg], cfˆgf] skfn tn emf/]/ s;};Fu af]nL eg], cfˆgL ;f;’;Fu d’vd’v} nfuL eg] jf ckzAb af]nL eg] Tof];Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;SYof] . olb s’g} dflg;n] s;}nfO{ ce}m cfslif{t kfof], h;n] ubf{ p;sL :jf:gLnfO{ Ævf]6Æ nufof] eg], ;d]t klg p;n] cfˆgL :jf:gL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ ;SYof] .

lxn]neGbf clns klxn]sf ;fDdfO{ gfd u/]sf csf{ k|l;4 /AaLn] Jolerf/ h:tf] clt cg}lts s’/fsf] nflu dfq Ævf]6Æ nufpg ;lsG5 eGg] lzIff lbPsf lyP . k|e’ o]z”sf] ;dosf kml/;Lx¿dWo] lxn]nsf] p4f/jfbL JofVof zfDdfO{sf] JofVofeGbf ce}m a9L nf]slk|o ePsf] lyof] egL tkfO{n] c8sn ug{ ;Sg’x’G5 . h’g;’s} sf/0fsf] nflu klg ;DaGw laR5]b plrt 5 eg]/ To;}cg’;f/ kml/;Lx¿ lhPsf lyP / ToxL s’/f g} ltgLx¿n] lzIff lbGy] clg To;}n] ubf{ ;DaGw laR5]bn] pu| ¿k lnPsf] lyof] . kml/;Lx¿n] ltgLx¿sf] kml/l;o gd”gfdf Ædf]zfsf] Joj:yfnfO{ pn‹g gu/]sf] k|dfl0ft ug{Æ tkfO{n] cfˆgL kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ubf{ Tofukq n]lvlbg’ kg]{ dxTjnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

Don’t Forget that Jesus was Speaking to Pharisees 

k|e’ o]z”n] kml/;Lx¿nfO{ of] s’/f elg/xg’ePsf] lyof] eGg] s’/f glal;{g’xf];

o; k[i7e”ldsf] cfwf/df k|e’ o]z” s] s’/fsf] la?4df x’g’x’GYof] eGg] s’/f xfdL w]/} /fd|f];Fu a’‰g ;S5f}+ . pxfFsf] ;fd’ kfv08L wd{u’?x¿sf] Pp6f ;d’x v8f ePsf] lyof], ltgLx¿dWo] ;a} h;f] geP klg w]/}hgf Ps jf b’O{kN6;Dd ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sfx¿ g} lyP, lsgeg] ;Dejt ltgLx¿n] ce}m cfslif{t hf]8Lx¿ e]6]sf] x’g’k5{ . d]/f] ljrf/df 8fF8fsf] pkb]zdf k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ePsf] ;DaGw laR5]b ;DaGwL jrgx¿n] clenfiff ;DaGwL pxfFsf] r]tfjgLnfO{ klg a’emfpF5 h;nfO{ pxfFn] Jolerf/sf] Pp6f ¿k xf] eg]/ ;d]t eGg’ePsf] lyof] eGg] s’/f ;+of]u x’Fb}g . ce}m klg ltgLx¿n] cfk”mnfO{ df]zfsf] Joj:yf kfng ul//x]sf lyP egL bfaL ub}{ cfk”mnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug{ vf]lh/x]sf lyP .

ltgLx¿sf cfˆg} k|Zgn] g} ltgLx¿sf] e’msfj s]df 5 eGg] s’/f k|s6 ub{5 . h’g;’s} sf/0fn] klg ltgLx¿n] cfˆgf] kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{;S5g egL ltgLx¿ :ki6 ¿kdf ljZjf; ub{y] . pTklQ @ cWofodf ljjfxsf] af/]df df]zfsf] jrgnfO{ nfu’ u/]/ ljjfxsf] ;Gbe{df k/d]Zj/sf] dg;fo s] lyof] egL ltgLx¿n] a’‰gnfO{ uNtL u/]sf] s’/f k|e’ o]z”n] k|s6 ul/lbg’eof] . k/d]Zj/n] slxn] klg s’g} ;DaGw laR5]b Æs’g} sf/0fÆ n] klg xf]; eGg] rfxgf /fVg’ePg, t/} klg O;|fPnsf cu’jfx¿n] lszf]/—lszf]/Lx¿n] ltgLx¿sf …k|]dL—k|]ldsfx¿;Fu… ;DaGw laR5]b u/]e}mF cfˆgf kTgLx¿;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ul//x]sf lyP .

dnfO{ zsf+ nfU5, ls kml/;Lx¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf] af/]df k|e’ o]z”n]] klxn]af6 g} ;fjhlgs ¿kdf eGg’eP e}mF l:y/ ¿kdf v8f x’g’x’GYof] eg]/ hflg;s]sf lyP, To;}n] ltgLx¿ cfˆgf] ts{sf]nflu tof/ lyP M Ædf]zfn] lsg ljjfx laR5]bsf] Tofukq lbP/ kTgLnfO{ TofUg] cf1f lbP <Æ-dQL !(M&_

of] k|Zgn] k]ml/ klg ltgLx¿sf] em’sfjnfO{ k|s6 ub{5 . olb df]zfn] dflg;x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf cfˆgf kTgLx¿sf] s’g} Ævf]6Æ kfPdf ;DaGw laR5]b ug{nfO{ cf1f lbO/x]sf / Tofukq lbg’k5{ elg/x]sf5g , ls h:tf] nfU5, t/} klg Joj:yf @$M!—$ af6 ha xfdL k95f}+ ta df]zfn] To;f] eGgvf]h]s} xf]Og eGg’ xfdL olsg ug{ ;S5f}+ . pxfFn] t :qLsf] t];|f] ljjfxnfO{ klxnf] nf]Ug];Fu k’gM ljjfx ug'{ x’Fb}g eg]/ lgif]w ub}{ lgolGqt ul//x]sf] dfq xf] .

hxfF;Dd df]zfn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] s’/f u/]sf5g , s’g} sf/0fsf] nflu dfq of] cg’dlt lbOPsf] 5 . t/ k|e’ o]z”n] lbg’ePsf] hjfkmdf cg’dlt lbOPsf] 5 eg]/ k|of]u ug'{ePsf] s[ofkb kml/zLx¿n] 5fg]/ k|of]u u/]sf] s[of Æcf1f lbOPsf] 5Æ eg]/ pNn]v u/]sf] s’/f;Fu s;/L afe]msf] 5 eg]/ larf/ ug'{xf]; . df]zfn] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ cg’dlt lbPsf5g Ù t/ ltgn] slxn] klg cf1f lbPsf 5}gg . O;|fPnLx¿sf] Åbosf] s7f]/tfsf] sf/0fn] g} df]zfn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu cg’dlt lbPsf lyP . Tof]rFflx, k/d]Zj/n] dflg;x¿sf] kfkdo s’/fsf] nflu s[kf u/]/ ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu cg’dlt lbg’ePsf] dfq xf] . dflg;x¿ ltgLx¿sf j}jflxs hf]8L;Fu ljZjf;of]Uo x’Fb}gg egL pxfF hfGg’x’GYof] . ToxfF cg}ltstf h:tf s’/fx¿ x’g]5g eg]/ pxFfnfO{ yfxf lyof] . dflg;x¿sf Åbox¿ 6’6g]5g egL pxfF hfGg’x’GYof] . To;}n] pxFFfn] ;DaGw laR5]bsf] cg’dlt lbg’eof] . df}lns ¿kdf pxfFn] of] ug{ rfxg’ePsf] lyPg, t/ kfkn] of] ug{ cfjZos agfOlbof] .

csf]{ s’/f, k|e’ o]z”n] kml/zLx¿nfO{ k/d]Zj/sf] Joj:yf t]:of{Olbg’eof], ;fob pxfFn] df]zfn] eg]sf Ævf]6Æ nfu], ls eg]sf] jf:tjdf s] lyof] eg]/ k|i6 kfl/lbg’ePsf] x’g;S5 M Æh;n] Jolerf/sf] sf/0f afx]s :jf:gLnfO{ Tofu]/ csf]{l;t ljjfx unf{, To;n] Jolerf/ ub{5Æ -dQL !(M (_ . k/d]Zj/sf] b[li6df cg}ltstf g} dflg;n] cfˆgL kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ Ps dfq sf/0f xf] / d Tof] s’/fnfO{ a”‰g ;S5′ . :qL jf k”?ifn] s] ubf{ ltgsf] jf ltgsL ljjflxtf hf]8Lsf] nflu w]/} cfqmds x’G5 < ha s;}n] Jolerf/ ub{5 jf To;df kmF:b5, ta p;n]÷ltgn] q”m/ ;Gb]z k7fpF5 . lgZro klg k|e’ o]z”n] Æcg}ltsÆ eGg] zAbnfO{ k|of]u ug'{x’Fbf Jolerf/nfO{ dfq pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lyPg . lglZrt ¿kdf pGdQ eP/ s;}sf] ljjflxtf hf]8LnfO{ r’Dg’ / cËfnf] xfNg’ cl:nntfsf] nflu cEof; ub}{ / c? s’g} of}g las[ltsf] pb]Zo /fvL ul/Psf] Pp6f cfqmds cg}ltstf xf] . k|e’ o]z”n] clenfiffnfO{ 8Ff8fsf] pkb]zsf] ;dodf Jolerf/;Fu a/fa/ xf] eg]/ eGg’ePsf] s’/fnfO{ ;Demg’xf]; .

k|e’ o]z” sf];Fu s’/f ub}{ x’g’x’GYof] eGg] s’/fnfO{ rFflx gla;f}{+ — pxfFn] kml/;Lx¿;Fu s’/f ub}{ x’g’x’GYof], h;x¿n] cfˆgf kTgLx¿;Fu h];’s} sf/0f agfP/ ;DaGw laR5]b u/L rfF8f]—rfF8f] k’glj{jfx ul//x]sf lyP, t/ k/d]Zj/n] lgif]w ug'{eP e}mF ltgLx¿n] slxn] klg Jolerf/ rFflx u/]gg gqtf ltgLx¿n] ;fFtf} cf1fnfO{ pn‹g u/]sf] 7xl/g] lyof] . k|e’ o]z”n] ltgLx¿nfO{ cf—cfk}mnfO{ d”v{ agfO/x]sf lyP egL elg/xg’ePsf] lyof] . ltgLx¿n] ul//x]sf] s’/f Jolerf/eGbf km/s lyPg / To;n] k”0f{ cy{ lbG5 . OdfGbf/ JolQmn] of] s’/f b]Vg ;S5, ls h’g dflg;n] cfˆgL kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ csL{ :qL;Fu ljjfx ub{5, To;n] Jolerf/Ln] ug]{ sfd ub{5, t/ p;n] a}wflgs ¿kdf Tof] sfd u/]sf]x’G5 .

The Solution

;dfwfg

k|e’ o]z”sf] s’/f;Fu kfjn / df]zfsf] s’/fnfO{ ldNbf] agfpg] of] Pp6f d’Vo s’~hL xf] . k|e’ o]z”n] s]jn kml/;Lx¿sf] sk6LkgnfO{ b]vfOlbO/xg’ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] s’g} klg k’glj{jfxsf] nflu lgif]w ul/Psf] Joj:yfnfO{ t]:of{lbO/xg’ePsf] lyPg . olb pxfFn] To;f] ul//xg’ePsf] eP, pxfFn] df]zf / kfjnnn] eg]sf s’/fx¿nfO{ h’wfOlbP/ nfvf}+ ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf / nfvf}+ k’glj{jfx u/]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ xfdLn] s] eGg] < s] xfdLn] ltgLx¿nfO{ s’g} klg Jolerf/L k/d]Zj/sf] /fHodf k|j]z ug{ kfpFb}g eg]/ afOann] lbPsf] r]tfjgLnfO{ yfxf u/]/ klg ltgLx¿ Jolerf/sf] ;DaGwdf lbPsf5g -! sf]) ^M (,!)_ eg]/ elglbg] / ltgLx¿nfO{ k]ml/ klg ;DaGw laR5]b u/ eGg] < t/ s] k/d]Zj/n] ;DaGw laR5]bnfO{ 3[0ff ug'{x’Gg / <

s] xfdLn] klxn]sf bDkltx¿ gd?Gh]n;Dd jt{dfg bDkltx¿;Fu of}g ;Dks{ /fVg 5f]8]/ lg/Gt/ Jolerf/ gu/ eg]/ eGg] t < t/ s] kfjnn] Ps—csf{df ljjflxtf bDkltx¿n] of}g ;Dks{ ug{ g5f]8g’ eg]sf xf]Ogg < s] To; k|sf/sf] l;kmfl/;n] of}g k/LIfftkm{ / k’glj{jflxtf hf]8L d/f]; eGg] pQ]lht OR5ftk{m;d]t 8f]¥ofpFb}g .

s] xfdLn] To:tf dflg;x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf jt{dfg ljjflxtf hf]8L;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ nufP/ ltgLx¿sf klxn]sf df}lns hf]8L;Fu -s;}n] jsfnt u/]e}mF u/L _ Joj:yf @$M !—$ df ePsf] df]zfsf] Joj:yfn] lgif]w u/]sf] k’glj{jfx ug{ nufpg] t <

k’glj{jfx gu/L s;}sf] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf dflg;x¿sf] af/]df rFflx s] eGg] t < olb ltgLx¿sf klxn]sf ljjflxt bDklQn] s’g} cg}lts sfo{ u/]sf] eP / ltgLx¿nfO{ k’glj{jfx ug{ cg’dlt lbPsf] eP, jf:tjdf g} To;n] cg}lts sfd u/]sf] /x]5 eg], s;n] To; s’/fsf] lg0f{o ug{ cfk”mdfly ef/ lng]5 < k’glj{jfx ug{sf] lglDt s] ltgLx¿sf klxn]sf hf]8Ln] clenfiffsf] kfk u/]sf] 5 eg]/ s;}n] k|dfl0ft ul/lbg s’g} h?/L x’G5, ha ls c?x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf klxn]sf ljjflxtf hf]8Lsf] k|]d ;DaGwsf] nflu ;fIfLx¿ Nofpg cfjZos kb{5 <

d}n] ;’?d} k|Zg u/]e}mF Tof] d’4fsf] af/]df s] eGg] hxfF klxn]sf] bDklQn] ljjfx u/]/ klg of}g ;Dks{ /f]s]sf] sf/0f csf]{ JolQm;Fu Jolerf/ u/]sf] x’G5 < klxn]sf] bDklQ;Fu of}g ;Dks{ ug{ 5f]8]sf] sf/0f s] To;nfO{ k’glj{jfx ug{ cg’dlt lbg’ plrt x’G5, hals Jolerf/ u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ k’glj{jfxsf] nflu cg’dlt lbOPsf] x’Fb}g <

ljjfx x’g’clu Jolerf/ ug]{ JolQmsf] af/]df rFflx s] eGg] t < s] Tof] eljiosf] bfDkTo hf]8Lsf] nflu cljZjf;of]Uo sfo{ ePg / < s] Tof] JolQm;Fu of}g ;Dks{ ug]{ JolQmn] Tof] kfk u/]s} a]nfdf ljjfx u/]sf] eP Tof] kfk Jolerf/ ;/x x’Fb}g < To;f] eP Tof] JolQmnfO{ s] ljjfx ug{ cg’dlt lbg] <

ljjfx gu/Lsg g} b’O{hgf;Fu} a:g] / kl5 uP/ k]ml/ Æcnu x’g]Æ dflg;x¿sf] af/]df s] egf} t < ltgLx¿ a}wflgs ¿kdf ljjfx gu/]s} sf/0fn] dfq k]ml/ cnu eO;s]kl5 lsg ltgLx¿nfO{ s;};Fu ljjfx ug{ cg’dlt lbOPsf] < ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ k’glj{jfx ug]{x¿eGbf ltgLx¿df slt km/s 5 <

Pp6f JolQm v|Lli6og e};s]kl5 Æk”/fgf] laltuPsf] 5 / ;a} s’/f gofF ePsf] 5Æ eGg] tYo s’/fsf] af/]df s] eGg] -@ sf]) %M !&_ < s] To;sf] ;fFrf] cy{ cj}wflgs ;DaGw laR5]bsf] kfkb]lv afx]s x/]s kfk xf] t <

oL ;a} / c? w]/} k|Zgx¿ -%%_ k|e’ o]z”n] k’glj{jfxsf] af/]df gofF Joj:yf t]:of{O/xg’ePsf] lyPg eGg] alnof] sf/0fx¿ ;f]FFRgsf] nflu ug{ ;lsG5 . olb To:t} x’g]lyof] eg], lglZrt ¿kdf k|e’ o]z”n] cfˆgf] k’glj{jfxsf] ;DaGwdf lbg’ePsf] gofF Joj:yfsf] lgodnfO{ dx;’; ug{ w]/} al4dfg x’g’x’GYof] . pxfFn] kml/;Lx¿sf] sk6LkgnfO{ b]vfO{ dfq lbO/xg’ePsf] s’/f o;n] xfdLnfO{ atfpFb5 — ltgLx¿ clenfifL, wfld{s b]vfpg] / sk6L dflg;x¿ lyP, h;n] cfˆgf kTgLx¿;Fu Æh’g;’s} sf/0fÆ agfP/ ;DaGw laR5]b u/L k’glj{jfx ub}{ lyP .

k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ePsf] sf/0frFflx ltgLx¿n] slxn] klg ljjfx laR5]b ug'{x’Fb}g hf] Jolerf/ xf], ltgLx¿n] clxn] ul//x]sf] ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ k’glj{jfx ug'{df ;fFRr} g} s]xL km/s gePsf]n] ltgLx¿n] uNtL ul//x]sf5g eGg’eGbf ÆJolerf/ ul//x]sf5gÆ eGg’ plrt lyof] . k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ePsf s’/f k’glj{jfxsf] of}g kIf dfq lyof] / pxfFn] k’glj{jfxnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug'{sf] ;fy} of}gaf6 ;+od u/fpg’ dfq lyof] eg]/ xfdLn] lgisif{ lgsfNg] t < :ki6 ¿kdf To;f] x’Fb} xf]Og . To;}n] cfpg’xf]; ca xfdL pxfFn] To;f] eGg’vf]Hg’ePsf] xf]Og eGg] s’/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/f}+ .

A Thoughtful Comparison

ljrf/zLn t’ngf

ca xfdL b[O{hgf dflg;x¿sf] af/]df larf/ u/f}+ . Pshgf ljjflxt wfld{s h;n] cfˆgf] ;f/f Åbon] k/]Zj/nfO{ k|]d u5′{ egL bfaL ub{5 / l5d]sdf ePsL Pp6L t?gL :qLsf] nflu clenfiff ug{ z’? ub{5 . rFf8} p;n] cfˆgL kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ub{5 clg l5§} p;sL sNkgfsL To; :qLnfO{ ljjfx ub{5 .

clg csf]{ dflg;rFflx wfld{s 5}g . To;n] slxn] klg ;’;dfrf/ ;’g]sf] 5}g / To; JolQm kfkdo hLjg lhpFb5, p;n] clGtddf cfˆgf] ljjfxsf] d’No r’sfpFb5 . s]xL jif{kl5 PSnf] dflg;sf] ¿kdf p;n] ;’;dfrf/ ;’G5, kZrftfk u5{ / cfˆgf] ;f/f Åbon] k|e’ o]z”nfO{ k5ofpg ;’? u5{ . tLg aif{kl5 p cfk”m hfg] d08nLdf ePsL Pshgf ;dlk{t dlxnfnfO{ e]6]/ k|]ddf km:F5 . ltgLx¿ b’j}hgfn] OdfGbf/;fy k|e’sf] OR5f vf]Hb5g / c?x¿af6 ;Nnfx lnG5g clg To;kl5 ljjfx ug]{ lg0f{odf k’U5g . ltgLx¿n] ljjfx u5{g / k|e’sf] ;]jf ub{5g / d[To’ ko{Gt;Dd Ps—csf{df ljZjf;of]Uo x’G5g .

ca oL b’j} dflg;x¿n] k’glj{jfx ug]{ kfk u/]sf5g eg]/ dflglncf}+ . oL b’O{df s;sf] kfk 7″nf] 5 < :ki6 ¿kn] eGg’kbf{ klxnf] dflg;sf] kfk 7″nf] 5 . p t Jolerf/L h:tf] g} eof] .

clg bf];|]f dflg;sf] af/]df rFflx s] eGg] t < p;n] kfk u/]sf] 5 eg]/ ;fFRr} b]lvG5 . s] p;nfO{ klxnf] dflg;n] Jolerf/ u/]sf] 5 eg]e}mF p;nfO{ klg Jolerf/eGbf km/s 5}g eg]/ eGg ;lsG5 < dnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . p ce}m klg klxnf] >Ldlt;Fu ljjfx ePsf] JolQm xf] eg]/ k/d]Zj/n] ljrf/ ug'{ x’g] ePsf]n] pxfFn] clxn] p h’g :qL;Fu lhO/x]sf] 5 To;Fu Ps;fy hf]8g’ ePsf] xf]Og eg]/ p;nfO{ hfgsf/L lbFb} ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ k’glj{jfx ug]{ dflg;x¿nfO{ k|e’ o]z”n] s] eGg’ x’G5 eg]/ s] xfdL p;nfO{ egf}+ < s] ca xfdL p Jolerf/df lhO/x]sf] 5 egL p;nfO{ egf}+ t <

oL k|Zgx¿sf] hjfax¿ :ki6 5g . ljjflxtf dflg;x¿4f/f g} Jolerf/ x’G5, h;n] cfˆgf] bDkltb]lv afx]s c? s;};Fu cfˆgf] cfFvf nufpF5 Û To;}n] s;}sf] bDkltnfO{ Jolerf/sf] dg;fo /fv]/ cfslif{t b]v]sf] sf/0fn] g} dflg;n] cfˆgf] bDklt;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ub{5 . t/ cljjflxt dflg;n] p;sf] cfˆgf] ljZjf;of]Uo gx’g] sf]xL JolQm gePsf]n] ubf{ Jolerf/ ug{ ;Q}mg, g t ;DaGw laR5]b e};s]sf] JolQmsf] cljZjf;of]Uo x’gsf] nflu bDklt gePsf]n] ubf{ g} Jolerf/ ug{ ;S5 . xfdLn] PskN6 k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf] afOalno tyf P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{nfO{ a’lem;s]kl5 s’g} cy{ glbg] / ;Dk”0f{ afOan;Fu h’‰g] k|sf/sf] lgisif{df cfpg’ x’Fb}g .

k|;Ëa;, ha r]nfx¿n] k|e’ o]z”nfO{ kml/;Lx¿n] u/]sf] k|Zgsf] hjfa pxfFn] lbPsf] ;’g], ta r]nfx¿n] pxfFnfO{ eg], Ænf]Ug] :jf:gLsf] o:t} ;DaGw xf] eg]tf, ljjfx gug'{ g} c;n x’g]5Æ -dQL !(M!)_ . ltgLx¿ kml/;Lx¿sf] lzIff / k|df0fdf x’ls{Psf lyP / ToxfFsf] ;+:s[ltleq kml/;Lx¿sf] 7″nf] k|efj k/]sf] lyof] eg]/ dx;’; ug'{xf]; . ljjfx :yfO{ x’g’ kb{5 eg]/ ltgLx¿n] slxn] ljrf/ u/]sf lyPgg . jf:tjdf s]xL ldg]6 cufl8;Dd ltgLx¿n] cfˆgf kTgL egL ;Dejt ljZjf; u/]sf] x’g’ k5{ . To;}n] ltgLx¿ t’/Gt} ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ Jolerf/ ug'{eGbf t a? ljjfx gug'{ g} c;n x’g]/x]5 eGg] lgisif{df k’u] .

k|e’ o]z”n] hjfa lbg’ eof], Æ;a} dflg;n] of] jrg u|x0f ug{ ;Q}mgg , s]jn ltgLx¿n] dfq ;S5g h;nfO{ of] lbOPsf] 5 . lsgls sf]xL hGdb} gk’;+s x’G5g Ù slt rFflx cfk}m—cfkmnfO{ :ju{ /fHosf] lglDt gk’;+s agfpF5g . h;n] of] u|x0f ug{ ;S5, To;n] Tof] u|x0f u/f];Æ -dQL !(M !!,!@_ .

Tof] rFflx s;}n] of}g pQ]hgf / p;}n] o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ Ifdtfdf e/ kg]{ s’/f xf] . kfjnn] klg eg]sf 5g , Æsfdjf;gfn] hNg’eGbf t ljjfx ug'{ c;n xf]Æ -! sf]) &M (_ . gk’;+s eP/ hGd]sfx¿ jf dflg;x¿n] gk’;+s agfOlbPsfx¿ -dflg;x¿4f/f h;nfO{ :qLu[xsf] ;’/Iff k|bfg ug{sf] nflu gk’;+s agfO{ lbP/ lgo’Qm ul/Psf] x’G5_ df of}g rfxgf x’Fb}g . :ju{/fHosf] lglDt cfk}mnfO{ gk’;+s agfOPsfx¿ cem a9L cfTdf—lgoGq0fsf ;fy k/d]Zj/af6 laz]if a/bfg kfPsf x’G5g , h;sf] sf/0fn] Æ;a} dflg;n] of] jrg u|x0f ug{ ;Q}mgg , t/ ltgLx¿n] dfq ;S5g h;nfO{ of] lbOPsf] 5Æ -dQL !(M !!_ .

The Sermon on the Mount 

8fF8fsf] pkb]z

xfdLn] of] s’/f klg dgdf /fVg’ kb{5, ls k|e’ o]z”n] 8fF8fsf] pkb]zsf] ;dodf h’g eL8Fdf af]Ng’ ePsf] lyof] tL dflg;x¿ O;|fPnsf kml/;Lx¿, zf;sx¿ / lzIfsx¿sf] kfv08L k|efjdf k/]/ lhPsf dflg;x¿ lyP . xfdLn] ;’?df cWoog u/]sf] 8fF8fsf] pkb]zdf e}mF of] s’/f :ki6 5, ls k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf s’/fx¿ kml/;Lx¿sf] e”m6f] lzIffsf] ;’wf/ ug]{ s’/feGbf sd lyPgg . k|e’ o]z”n] eL8FnfO{ ltgLx¿sf] wfld{stf zf:qLx¿ / kml/;Lx¿sf] eGbf a9L ePg eg] s’g} /Lltn] ltgLx¿ :ju{sf] /fHodf k|j]z ug]{ 5}gg eg]/;d]t egL lbg’ eof] -dQL %M @)_, h’grFflx zf:qLx¿ / kml/;Lx¿ g/slt/ uO/x]sf 5g eGg] csf]{ Pp6f tl/sf klg xf] . pxfFsf] pkb]zsf] cGtdf eL8Fx¿ 5Ss k/], lsgeg] k|e’ o]z”n] ltgLx¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf Æzf:qLx¿n] e}FmÆ l;sfO/xg’ ePsf] lyPg -dQL ÆltdLx¿n] o;f] eg]sf] ;’g]sf5f}, Æt}Fn] Jolerf/ gu/Æ t/ d ltdLx¿nfO{ eGb5′ , h;n] s’g} :qLnfO{ sfd jf;gfsf] OR5fn] x]b{5, To;n] cluaf6} cfˆgf] Åbodf To;;Fu Jolerf/ ul/;s]sf] x’G5 . olb ltd|f] bflxg] cfFvfn] ltdLnfO{ kfk ug{ nufpF5 eg] To;nfO{ lgsfn]/ kmfnL b]pm Ù lsgeg] ltd|f] ;Dk”0f{ z/L/ g/sdf kmflng’eGbf a? ltd|f cËx¿dWo] Pp6f u’dfpg’ ltd|f] lglDt lxtsf/L x’G5 . olb ltd|f] bflxg] xftn] ltdLnfO{ kfk ug{ nufpF5 eg] To;nfO{ sf6]/ kmfnL b]pm Ù lsgeg] ltd|f] ;Dk”0f{ z/L/ g/sdf hfg’eGbf a? ltd|f cËx¿dWo] Pp6f u’dfpg’ ltd|f] lglDt lxtsf/L x’G5 . clg o;f] klg elgPsf] 5, ls h;n] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ TofU5, To;n] p;nfO{ Tofukq n]vL lbcf]; Ù t/ d ltdLx¿nfO{ eGb5′ , h;n] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ Jolerf/sf] sf/0fafx]s c? sf/0fn] Tofu unf{, To;n] p;nfO{ Jolerfl/0fL t’NofpF5 Ù / h;n] Tof] Tofu ul/PsL :qL;Fu ljjfx unf{, To;n] Jolerf/ ug]{5Æ -dQL %M @&—#@_ .

klxnf] s’/f, d}n] ;’?df g} b]vfP e}mF, ;DaGw laR5]b / k’glj{jfxsf] ;DaGwdf k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf jrgx¿n] sfdjf;gfsf] tx;Dd hf]8g] dfq xf]Og t/ pxfFn] tL b’j} p:tf]—p:t} x’g / Tof]eGbf klg cem a9L g} x’g eg]/ k|ToIf ¿kdf :ki6 ub{5g . To;}n] of] ;fdfGo lznlznf wd{zf:qsf] ;Dk”0f{ v084f/f eP/ clu a9]sf] xfdL b]Vb5f}+ . k|e’ o]z”n] cfˆgf cg’ofoLx¿nfO{ jf:tjdf ;ftf}+ cf1f kfng ug'{ eg]sf] s] xf] eg]/ a’‰g oxfF ;xfotf ul//xg’ePsf] lyof] . o;sf] dtna sfdjf;gfdf kg'{ x’Fb}g / ;DaGw laR5]b / k’glj{jfx klg ug'{ x’Fb}g eg]/ pxfFn] elg/xg’ePsf] lyof] .

pxfFsf x/]s ox”bL >f]tfx¿n] ;ef3/df k9]sf] ;ftf}+ cf1f ;’g]sf lyP -Tof] a]nf s;}sf] cfˆg} JolQmut afOan lyPg_, clg ltgLx¿n] ltgLx¿sf lzIfsx¿, zf:qLx¿ / kml/;Lx¿n] JofVof u/]sf] ;’g]sf lyP ;fy} ltgLx¿sf] hLjgdf tL lzIfsx¿, zf:qLx¿ / kml/;Lx¿n] nfu’ u5{g , ls ub}{gg eg]/ ;d]t cjnf]sg u/]sf lyP . k]ml/ klg k|e’ o]z”n] csf]{ s’/f eGg’ eof], Æt/ d ltdLx¿nfO{ eGb5’Æ, t/ pxfFn] cs}{ gofF Joj:yf rFflx yKg nfUg’ ePsf] lyPg . pxfFn] t s]jn k/d]Zj/sf] s] rfxgf lyof] eGg] s’/f dfq k|s6 ug{ nfUg’ ePsf] lyof] .

klxnf] bzf}+ cf1f4f/f clenfiff -sfdjf;gf_ :ki6¿kdf lgif]w ul/Psf] lyof] clg bzf}+ cf1flagf h;n] o; af/]df ;f]FRbYof], To;n] k/d]Zj/n] bf]ifL 7x/fpg] sfd ug]{ s’/fnfO{ OR5f ug'{ eg]sf] uNtL sfo{ xf] egL dx;’; ub{Yof] .

bf];|f], pTklQsf] ;’?s} cWofoaf6 k/d]Zj/n] ljjfxnfO{ hLjge/sf] ;dk{0ftf x’g’ k5{ egL :ki6 u/L lbg’ ePsf] lyof] . o;sf] cltl/Qm, h;n] o; af/]df ;f]RFbYof], To;n] ;DaGw laR5]b / k’glj{jfx rFflx Jolerf/ h:t} xf], ljz]if u/]/ h;n] k’glj{jfx ug]{ dg;fo /fv]/ ;DaGw laR5]b ub{5 Tof] Jolerf/ h:t} xf] egL lgisif{df k’UbYof] .

t/ k]ml/ klg o; pkb]zdf of] s’/f :ki6 5, ls k|e’ o]z”n] dflg;x¿nfO{ z/L/sf] clenfiffsf] ;Totfsf] laifodf / s’g} sf/0fn] ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ / k’glj{jfx ug]{ ;DaGwsf] ;Totfsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg dfq ;xfotf ul//xg’ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] Æk’:tsx¿dfÆ gkfO{g] vfnsf] gofF Joj:yf nfbg vf]lh/xg’ePsf] lyPg .

d08nLdf yf]/}n] dfq cIf/zM ¿kdf cfFvf lgsfNg] jf xftx¿ sf6g] ;DaGwdf k|e’ o]z”sf] jrgnfO{ lnPsf x’G5g eGg] s’/f rfv nfUbf] 5, o:tf] vfnsf larf/x¿ wd{zf:qsf] w]/} 7fpmFdf kfOG5g / tL kbx¿n] of}g k/LIffx¿af6 afFRgsf] nflu :ki6 ¿kdf alnof] u/L ;xfotf u/]sf x’G5g . t/} klg d08nLdf k’glj{jfx ug]{ JolQmn] Jolerf/ ub{5 eGg] af/]df k|e’ o]z”n] af]Ng’ ePsf jrgx¿nfO{ cIf/z ¿kdf JofVof ubf{ wd{zf:qsf c? kbx¿;Fu w]/} afe]msf] kfOG5 . k|e’ o]z”sf >f]tfx¿n] ;Totfsf] ;fdgf ug{ ;s’g eg]/ / ToxfF sd ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] xf]; eGg] cfzf ub}{ nlIft u/]/ pxfFn] Tof] eGg’ ePsf] lyof] . olb pxfFsf cg’ofoLx¿n] pxfFn] eGg’ ePsf] clenfiff ;DaGwL s’/fnfO{ dgdf lnPdf ltgLx¿sf] aLrdf cg}ltstf eGg] s’/f g} x’g] lyPg . olb ToxfF cg}ltstf gx’g’ xf] eg]b]lv ToxfF ;DaGw laR5]bsf] plrt cj:yf tof/ x’g] lyPg / ;’?b]lv g} k/d]Zj/n] rfxgf ug'{ eP e}mF ToxfF ;DaGw laR5]b g} x’g] lyPg .

How Does a Man Make His Wife Commit Adultry

Pp6f dflg;n] cfˆgL :jf:gLnfO{ s;/L Jolerf/ ug{ JofWo agfpF5 <

k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf] s’/fnfO{ ljrf/ ug'{xf]; , Æh;n] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ Jolerf/sf] sf/0f afx]s c? sf/0fn] Tofu unf{, To;n] p;nfO{ Jolerfl/0fL t’NofpF5 .Æ pxfFn] k’glj{jfxsf] af/]df csf]{ gofF Joj:yf t]:of{pg’ePsf] lyPg, t/ plrt sf/0flagf Pp6f dflg;n] cfˆgL kTgL;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ kfk ub{5 egL k|s6 ug'{ ePsf] dfq lyof] eg]/ ljZjf; ug{nfO{ o;n] k]ml/ klg xfdLnfO{ cu’jfO{ ub{5 . p;n] To;nfO{ ÆJolerfl/0fL t’NofpF5Æ. s]xL dflg;x¿n] eGb5g , ls o;}n] ubf{ g} k|e’ o]z”n] To;nfO{ k’glj{jfx ug{ lgif]w ug'{ ePsf] xf], lsgeg] pxfFn] To:tf] s’/fnfO{ Jolerf/ u/]sf] xf] eg]/ eGg’ x’G5 . t/ Tof] rFflx s’/f Joy{ xf] . t/ hf]8lbOPsf] s’/f rFflx dflg;n] ;DaGw laR5]b ubf{v]l/ ug]{ kfksf] af/]df xf] . p;n] h] u5{ To;sf] sf/0f, To;sL kTgLn] k’glj{jfx ug'{b]lv afx]s csf]{ s’g} lasNk x’Fb}g . To;sf] kltsf] :jfyL{kgsf] sf/0f To;n] ef]u]sf] si6n] ubf{ To;sf] kIfdf Tof] kfk xf]Og . k/d]Zj/sf] b[li6df dflg;n] cfˆgL kTgLnfO{ Tofu u/]sf]n] k’glj{jfxb]lv afx]s To;df s’g} lasNk g} gePsf] x’Fbf of] s’/f t Tof] JolQmn] cfˆgL :jf:gLnfO{ hah{:tL cs}{ k/k’?ifsf] cf]5ofgdf hfg hah{:tL u/]sf] h:tf] xf] . To;}n], h;n] Tof] JolQmn] Jolerf/ u/]sf] 5}g eg]/ ;f]RFb5 eg] p cfk}m / p;sL kTgLsf] bf]xf]/f] Jolerf/sf] nflu bf]ifL 7xl/G5 .

kLl8t cj:yfdf ePsL kTgL Jolerf/sf] bf]ifL x’G5] eg]/ k|e’ o]z”n] geGg’ ePsf] x’g ;S5, h;/L Tof] ;Dk”0f{ tj/n] cGofo g} 7xl/G5, / jf:tjdf olb Tof] kLl8t cj:yfdf ePsL kTgLn] k]ml/ slxn] ljjfx ul/g eg] Tof] cy{lalxg x’g]5 . To;n] k’glj{jfx gu?Gh]n;Dd s;/L k/d]Zj/n] To;nfO{ Jolerfl/0fL eGg ;Sg’ x’G5 < h] eP tfklg Tof] s’/fsf] s’g} cf}lrTo g} x’Fb}g . o;/L k/d]Zj/n] To; dflg;nfO{ p;sf] cfˆg} Jolerf/sf] nflu / p;sL kTgLsf] ÆJolerf/Æ sf] bf]ifL 7x/fO/xg’ ePsf] 5, h’g rFflx To; kTgLsf] nflu ;fFRr} s’g} Jolerf/ g} xf]Og . To;}n] To;sf] nflu k’glj{jfx ug'{ plrt 5 .

clg k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf] csf]{ jfSo Æh;n] To; Tofu u/]sL :qL;Fu ljjfx unf{, To;n] Jolerf/ ug]{5Æ sf] af/]df rFflx s] eGg] t < o;sf] nflu s’g} cy{ lbg] ToxfF b’O{j6f ;Defjgfx¿ 5g . ls t clxn] k|e’ o]z”n] Tof] dflg;sf] Jolerf/sf] t];|f] u0fgf ylk/xg’ePsf] lyof], h;n] cfk”mnfO{ slxn] Jolerf/ u/]sf] 5’Og eg]/ ljrf/ u/]sf] x’G5 – pxfFn] bf];|f] u0fgf yKg’ ePe}mF To:t} sf/0fsf] nflu_ jf k|e’ o]z”n] Tof] dflg;sf] af/]df eGb} x’g’ x’GYof], h;n] s’g} :qLnfO{ cfˆgf] nf]Ug];Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ nufP/ cfk”m;Fu ljjfx ug{ pT;fx lbO/x]sf] lyof], To;f] ubf{ ÆJolerf/ u/]sf]Æ 7xl/Gb}gYof] eg]/ p;n] ljrf/ u/]sf] lyof] . olb k|e’ o]z”n] k[YjLdf ePsf hf];’s} dflg;n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL;Fu ljjfx u5{ eg] To;n] Jolerf/ ug]{5 eg]/ elg/xg’ePsf] eP, cluNnf ;of}+ jif{x¿df x/]s O;|fPnLx¿n] Jolerf/ u/]sf lyP, h;n] ;Dk”0f{ tj/n] df]zfsf] Joj:yfnfO{ kfng ug]{ lgx’Fdf ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf :qLx¿;Fu ljjfx u/]sf lyP . jf:tjdf Tof] lbg k|e’ o]z”sf >f]tfx¿dWo] x/]s dflg;n] df]zfsf] Joj:yfcg’;f/ ev{/} dfq ;DaGw laR5]b ePsL :qL;Fu ljjfx u/]sf lyP / ltgLx¿ cfk”mn] ev{/} u/]sf] sfo{k|lt crfgs bf]ifL ePsf lyP / Tof] ;dodf k|e’ o]z”n] k/d]Zj/sf] Joj:yfnfO{ kl/jt{g ug'{ ePsf] x’g;SYof] . o;sf] cltl/Qm, eljiodf ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] JolQm;Fu ljjfx ug]{ x/]s JolQmn] kfjnn] sf]l/GyLx¿nfO{ n]v]sf] kqdf ePsf jrgx¿nfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ Tof] kfk xf]Og /x]5 egL To;n] ljZjf; u/]/ jf:tjd} kfk ul//x]sf] lyof] / Jolerf/ ul//x]sf] lyof] .

afOansf] k’/} dd{n] dnfO{ Tof] dflg;k|lt >bf ug{ cu’jfO{ ub{5, h;n] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsf] :qL;Fu ljjfx u/]sf] 5 . olb Tof] :qL cfˆgf] klxn]sf] nf]Ug]sf] :jfyL{kgsf] lzsf/ eP/ bf]if/lxt l5g eg] t emg Tof] JolQmnfO{ ljwjfsf] x]/ljrf/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ h:t} d w]/} >bf ub{5′ . olb Tof] :qLdf p;sf] klxn]sf] ;DaGw laR5]bdf s’g} bf]if eP, d p;nfO{ To; :qLk|ltsf] c;n rfxgf ePsf], v|Li6nfO{ ljZjf; u/L v|Li6 h:t} x’g vf]h]sf]df / k”/fgf] s’/fnfO{ lal;{lbP/ To;k|lt lhDd]jf/L lnFb} bof u/]sf]df >bf ub{5′ . afOan k9g] / kljq cfTdfn] af; u/]sf] ;a} JolQmnfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b ug{ / bf];|f] ljjfx ug{ k|e’ o]z”n] lgif]w u/]sf] 5 egL lgisif{ lgsfNb5 < s;/L o:tf] k|sf/sf] ljrf/ k/d]Zj/sf] GofoLstfdf ldNbf] x’G5, h’g GofoLstfn] cfˆgf] s’g} klg uNtL geO{ ;DaGw laR5]bsf] lzsf/ x’g’ k/]sL :qL h:tf] s’g} klg kLl8t JolQmnfO{ slxn] ;hfo lbFb}g < Ifdfbfg k|bfg ug]{ / kZrftfk ug]{ kfkLnfO{ k]ml/ klg df}sf lbg] ;’;dfrf/sf] ;Gb]z;Fu o:tf] k|sf/sf] ljrf/ s;/L ldNbf] x’g;S5 <

In Summary

;f/fz+df

afOann] :ki6 ¿kdf eGb5, ls ;DaGw laR5]bdf ;Fw} Ps kIfsf] kfk ;dfj]z ePsf] x’G5 . s;}n] ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf] xf]; eGg] k/d]Zj/n] slxn] dg;fo lng’ ePsf] 5}g, t/ cg}ltstfsf] sfo{ ePsf] a]nf ;DaGw laR5]bsf] nflu pxfFn] s?0ffdoL eP/ k|aGw dfq u/L lbg’ ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] ;DaGw laR5]b ePsfx¿sf nflu k’glj{jfxsf] klg s?0ffdoL eP/ k|aGw u/L lbg’ ePsf] 5 .

olb k’glj{jfxsf] af/]df oL k|e’ o]z”sf jrgx¿ gePsf] eP, afOan k9g] s’g} JolQmn] klg k’glj{jfx kfk xf] eg]/ slxn] ;f]FRg] lyPg -k”/fgf] / gofF s/f/df ePsf s’g}—s’g} d’4fx¿ afx]s, laz]if u/]/ v|Lli6og eP/ v|Lli6ogaf6} ;DaGw laR5]b u/L ;s]skl5 k’glj{jfxsf] ;DaGwdf_ . tyflk afOansf c? efux¿n] k’glj{jfxsf] af/]df h] l;sfpF5g tL s’/fx¿;Fu k|e’ o]z”n] eGg’ ePsf s’/fx¿nfO{ ;dt’No kfg{sf] nflu xfdLn] tfls{s pkfo e]6]sf5f}+ . k|e’ o]z”n] s8f Joj:yf NofP/ k/d]Zj/sf] k’glj{jfx ;DaGwLsf] Joj:yfnfO{ /4 ul//xg’ePsf] lyPg, h;n] x/]s d’4fdf ePsf ;f/f k’glj{jfxnfO{ lgif]w ub{5 / pxfFn] tL dflg;x¿sf] nflu c;Dej Joj:yfnfO{ klg nfbg vf]Hg’ ePsf] lyPg h;n] klxn] g} ;DaGw laR5]b u/]/ cf1f kfng ug{sf] nflu k’glj{jfx u/]sf lyP -c08fx¿nfO{ ;’Nemfpg k|oTg u/]e}mF_, clg pxfFn] ltgLx¿nfO{ e|ddf kf/]/ k/d]Zj/sf] csf]{ klg Joj:yfnfO{ eË ug]{ vfnsf] Joj:yfsf] ;[hgf klg ug'{ ePsf] lyPg . a?, pxfFn] dflg;x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf] kfv08LkgnfO{ b]Vg ;xfotf ub}{ x’g’ x’GYof] . pxfFn] tL dflg;x¿nfO{ ltgLx¿n] csf]{ tl/sfn] sfdjf;gfn] hNb} / ;DaGw laR5]bk|lt ltgLx¿sf] p4f/jfbL k|j[lt4f/f Jolerf/ ul//x]sf lyP eg]/ b]Vgsf] nflu ;xfotf ul//xg’ePsf] lyof], h;n] cfk”mnfO{ slxn] klg Jolerf/ u/]sf] 5}g egL ljZjf; ub{y] .

h;/L ;Dk”0f{ afOann] kZrftfk ug]{ kfkLx¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf] kfksf] jf:tf gu/]/ Ifdfbfg k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 eg]/ l;sfpF5, To;/L g} ;DaGw laR5]b u/]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ ;d]t kfkLx¿nfO{ bf];|f] / t];|f] df}sfx¿ klg lbOPsf] 5 egL l;sfpFb5 . ;fFrf] ljZjf;Lx¿n] cg}lts sfd gug]{ / ltgLx¿nfO{ ;DaGw laR5]b ug'{ kg]{ s’g} klg sf/0f gx’g] ePsf]n] Pp6f ljZjf;Ln] csf]{ cfˆgf] bDktL ljZjf;L;Fu ;DaGw laR5]b ug]{ s’/fb]lv afx]s gofF s/f/sf] cwLgdf /x]/ ul/Psf] s’g} klg k’glj{jfxdf kfk x’Fb}g . To:tf] k|sf/sf] s’g}—s’g} 36gfdf ltgLx¿n] ;DaGw laR5]b g} u5{g eg] klg ltgLx¿ ljjfx gu/L PSn} a:g’ kb{5 jf ltgLx¿ Ps—csf{df ldln/xg’ kb{5 .